PROCEEDINGS

PROCEEDINGS

31,

OFTHE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF THE SHIPWORMS AND

DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW WOOD BORING MOLLUSKS.

BY PAUL BARTSCH.i

In the preparation

^of

a monograph ^{on the American}

ship-

worms a

lotof interesting facts

have come

tolight,

among ^which

are points

pertaining

^to classification.

These

are

deemed

of sufficient

importance

^to

^merit

^this

preliminary paper, which

furnishes

a simple key

^to

^the

generic

and subgeneric groups

^of

the shipworms.

^I

have

also

added

descriptions ^o*"

a number

of

new _{forms, the}

latter

having attracted considerable attention

of late

on account

of

the economic problems

associated therewith.

All these

forms

will

be

_fullyillustrated in

the monograph ^which

is

almost ready

^for

^the

press. It

has been deemed unnecessary

tocite

the rather

_extensive,

involved synonymy

ⁱⁿ

^the

synopsis.

This

alsowill

be done

in

the monograph.

A Key

^{tothe Genera}and Subgeneraof the Family ^Teredidae.

Pallettesconsisting^ofaseriesofcone-in-cone structures Bankia.

Cone-in-cone elementsentirely free at their distalend.

Distalends ofthe cones terminatingⁱⁿa thin

membrane.

Membrane

ofthe cones fimbriated _distally.

Lateral fimbriations developed^intolongawnlikeprojections Bankia.

Lateral fimbriationsnot developed^intolong awnlikeprojections.

Membrane

oftheconesnotfimbriated_distally.

Membrane

ofthecones denticulated_distally

....

Neobankia.

Membrane

oftheconesnot denticulated_distally.

Membrane

oftheconesentire distally Bankiella.

Cone-in-cone elements notentirely free at their distalend.

Cones almostfusedonthe outsidewhere they^arecovered

by

^{a thick}

periostracum Nausitora.

1Publishedbypermission^ofthe Secretaryof theSmithsonianInstitution.

3—

^{Pkoc.Biol. Soc.}Wash.,^Vol.34,1921. ₍₂₅₎

26 Proceedings

of^theBiological Society of

Washington.

Palletesnotconsisting^ofaseries ofcone-in-cone structures ^. . . Teredo.

Pallettespaddle-shaped.

Terminalportion^ofthebladecupped.

Cup

^{single Teredo.}

Cup

^notsingle.

Cup

^{rendereddouble}

by

^a

median septum

^{. . .} Teredothyra.

Terminalportion^ofthebladenot cupped.

Terminalportion^ofthebladeending^inaforkedtip ^{. . .} Lyrodus.

Terminal_portionoftheblade notending^{ina forked}tip.

Terminal_portionending^inacalcified

knob ....

Teredops.

Pallettes not paddle-shaped.

Pallettesspoonshaped.

Terminal_portionoftheblade cupped ^Neoteredo.

Terminal_portionofthebladenotcupped Teredora.

Bankia was

_proposed

by Gray

in 1840,'

and

Teredo bipalmidata

Lamarck was

designated astype

by him

^{in1847.^}

Neobankia

new

_{subgenus,type}

Bankia

(Neobankia)^zeteki

new

_species.

Bankiella

new

_{subgenus, type}

Bankia

(Bankiella) mexicana

new

species.

Nausitora

was

_proposed

by

Wright ^{in 1864^} type Nausitora dunlopei Wright.

Teredo

was

_proposed

by

^Linnaeusin 1758,* ty])eTeredonavalisLinnaeus.

Teredothyra

new

subgenus, type Teredo (Teredothyra) dominicensis

new

species.

Lyrodus

was

_proposed

by Gould

in 1870,^type Lyrodus^chloroticaGould.

Teredops

new

_subgenus, type ^TeredodiegensisBartsch.

Neoteredo Bartsch, 1920,*type Teredo (Neoteredo) reynei Bartsch.

Teredora

new

_{subgenus, type} Teredo malleolusTurton.

Bankia (Neobankia) zeteki,

new

_species.

Shell subglobular, white, the extreme anterior portion with the usual sinus

and

reflected

smooth

callusat itsexternal border, the

main

_portion bearing the dental ridges, which radiate from the anterior margin, where they ^are closely crowded,

backward

to the junction with the posterior

median

portion. Here they are separated

by

spaces about twice aswide as the ridges. These _ridges are _finely denticulated at their free margin.

Seventy^{of these}ridges are apparent, butat leasttwenty

more

_appear to have been erodedatthe

umbonal

end.

The

anterior

median

areaisrather broad,and bears the_closely crowded, strongly denticulated ridges, which are separated

by mere

^{lines. These}ridgesterminateinastraight linepos- teriorly.

The

middle_portion of the

median

_part is

marked by

^{the usual} groove^thatextendsfrom^the

umbones

tothe basal margin,

and

thisgroove

iSynop.Brit.Mus.,p. 76.

2Proc. Zool. Soc.London,p.188.

STrana. Linn.Soc,vol.24, pp. 451-4.

4Syst. Nat., 10thed., p.651.

5Inv. Mass.,p. 34.

eProc.Biol.Soc.Washington,vol.33, pp. 69-70.

Bartsch — A New

Classification of^the

Shipwor7ns. 27

iscrossed

by

strong^{lines of}growth,which extendover the_posterior

median

part.

The

anterior part forms _{a strong} auricle, which ^is conspicuously separatedfromthe posterior

median

_portion,theshellherebendingstrongly inward.

The

auricle is

marked by more

^{or less curved linesof} growth, which give one thefalse impression ^of raised cords.

The

interior of the shellisbluishwhite.

The umbone

projectsinwardasa strongknob,

and

the blade springsfrom deep^{within the}umbones,

and makes

a decided curve, the early portion having ^thebroadside ofthe blade parallel tothe inner surfaceof theshell, thatis within theumbones, ^{whilewithin the}

median

portionoftheshellthebladebecomestwisted, sothatitassumes an_oblique positiontothe inner surfaceofthe shell.

The

sutureofthe anterior

and

the

median

portion^is

marked by

^aslightlytumidarea.

The

middle

median

portion ^is decidedly roughened

and

bears the usual

knob

at the ventral, margin.

The

auricle extends over the

median

_portion onthe inside as a strong^shelf.

The

inside oftheauricleshowsthe

same

translucent cordlike linesapparent on^theexterior.

The

_pallettesareofthe cone-in-coneshape variety,the individual cones being semicircularⁱⁿ cross section, the inner free border beingstraight,while the outer is curved.

The

cone elements are rather distantly spaced.

The

free margin^{of the}

membrane

of these cone-in-coneelementsisfinelydenticulated.

The

_{type, Cat.}No.341,128,U.S.N. M.,

was

takenfromgreenheart tim- berofthe canal locksatBalboa,Canal_Zone,

by

^Mr.

James

Zetek,

and

meas- ures: length, 10.2

mm.;

altitude, 9.5

mm. The

_paUettesmeasure:_length, 12

mm.,

but they^areprobablylongerbecausethe basalstalkseems_slightly broken. 8

mm.

of this length go ^{to the blade.} Diameter of pallettes, 3.4

mm.

Bankia (Bankiella) mexicana,

new

species.

Shellsubglobular. Anterior_portion,excepting theextreme

smooth

cal- loused_area,brown;^{therestoftheshellwhite.}

The

extremeanterior por- tionforms asinus fromwhich a thin callus is reflected over the anterior dental ridge bearingportion.

The

dental_ridgesradiatefromthisanterior

smooth

areabackward, spreadingout

more

orlessfan-shaped, the spaces betweenthe_ridgesbecoming^widertowardtheir distalend,where they^are abouttwice aswide asthe dental_ridges. These dentalridges are rather coarsely denticulated at their free margin. Fifty-one ^of these _ridges can be_counted,though^{it is}possiblethat

some

oftheearlieroneshave beenlost throughthe erosionof theumbones.

The

denticlesonthese dental_ridges arenot_nearlyasstrong^asthoseonthe anterior

median

_portion.

The

den- talridgesonthispartare closelycrowded

and

_separated

by mere

impressed

lines.

They

terminate posteriorlyⁱⁿastraight linethatextendsfromthe

umbones

tothe ventral margin.

The

middle

median

portion^isa_slightly concavedarea extendingfromthe

umbone

tothe ventral margin,

and

this part^is crossed

by

curved rough ^wrinkleswhichevanesce onthe posterior

median

_portion.

The median

groovebearsa stronglyrounded

knob

atthe ventral margin.

The

posteriorportionforms_{a strong}auriclewhichissepa- ratedfromthe

median by

^asuddendepressioninthe curveoftheshell.

The

interior ofthe shell isbluish white.

A

strong

knob marks

theumbones,

28 Proceedings

of^the Biological Society of

Washington.

fromtheinside ofwhichthe slender blade curves

downward

intothe cavity of the shell. This blade has its broad sideobliquely placed^tothe inner curvatureoftheshell.

The

anterior portion^isseparatedfromthe

median by

a thickenedcord,

and

aroughened^area

marks

themiddle

median

portion oftheshell.

The

_posteriorareaprojectsover the _posterior

median

por- tion as a shelf.

The

_pallettes are of the cone-in-cone type, the ^distal margin^ofthecones being^entire.

The

type, Cat.No.194,176a,

and

alotofadditional specimens,werecol- lected

by

^Mr.C. R. Orcutt on dead mangrovesat Sinaloa, Mexico.

The

type ^measures: length, 7

mm.;

altitude, 6.5

mm. The

_pallettes are all fragmentary,

and

hence itis.impossible^togive^theirmeasurement.

Teredo (Teredo) parksi,

new

species.

Shellsubglobular, milk white; ^interior bluishwhite.

The

anterior por- tionisedged

by

^athick, decidedlycurvedcallus-like smoothish_area,from whichthe dentalridgescurveatfirst

downward and

then _gradually

and

steadily outward, forming almoststraight lines for the major portion ^of their length. Thesedentalridgesarealittlenarrowerthanthe spaces that separate them,

and

are of triangular shape, sloping a ^little

more

_gently ventrallythan_dorsally.

The

extreme edge^isexceedingly, finelydenticu- lated.

The

_posterioredge ^ofthe anterior portion joinsthe anterior edge ofthe

median

_portioninsucha

way

that the dentalridges ofthe

two

form almostright angles.

About

ninety-five ofthesedental_ridgescan be counted on the anterior_part.

The

anterior

median

portion ^is crossed

by

^slender dentalridges,whichare separated

by

very narrowgrooves

and

bear rather prominent ^denticles.

The

erosion of

the^umbone makes

^{itimpossible to}

see exactly

how many

^{of thesedental} ridges occur, but there

must

be at least as

many

^as

we

foundonthe anterior_part.

The

middle

median

por- tionisanarrow roughened zoneextendingfromthe

umbones

tothe ventral margin,whichisnot concave,^asisusually the^case.

The

posterior part^of the

median

portion ^is

marked by

rather strong irregular

upward

^curved

lines of growth.

The

posterior portion forms a short auricle, which is

crossed

by

rather regular lirations, which are really intensified lines of growth that coincide with the outermarginⁱⁿ disposition. In theinterior a

somewhat

thickenedridge

marks

the junction^ofthe anterior

and median

portions.

The

middle

median

portion ^is

marked by

^a strong, irregular roughenedarea, while the_posteriorportionoverlaps the posterior

median

portionⁱⁿsucha

way

^{as toforma}slight shelfhaving^adecided cavity be- hindit.

A

strong, flattened,broad, rough,irregularbladeextends two-thirds ofthe distancefrom behindthe knoblike

umbones

towardthe ventraledge oftheshell.

The

outer borderof thisblade keeps almostatan even^dis- tancefrom theshell.

The

basal portion ^ofthe

median

part has a strong

knob

whichextendsasa thickening^for

some

^littledistanceintotheinterior oftheshell.

The

pallettesare_spatulate,havinga verylong,veryslightly curved flexuous stalk, the spatulate portion being decidedlyexcavatedat the _tip,

and

coveredwith a

brown

_epidermis.

The

_siphonsin this species arealmost_equal

and

_projectinthealcoholicmaterialabouthalfthe length

Bartsch — _{A New}

Classification of^the

Shipworms. ²⁹

ofthe_pallettes

beyond

^these.

The

baseofthe siphons

and

thebaseofthe pallettes are surrounded

by

^a

membrane

that forms a cupHke ^structure.

The

_siphons extend aboutthe lengthofthe _pallettes

beyond

^thetermina-

tion ofthe_pallettes

and

areseparatedthroughoutthe distance that extends

beyond

^thepallettes.

The

_type, Cat.No. 341,132, U.S.N. M.,

was

taken

by

^theauthor from pilings in Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaiian ^{Is. Itmeasures:}height,9

mm.,

length, 8.5

mm.;

thickness, 9

mm. The

_pallettes measure:_length,6

mm.,

ofwhich2.5

mm.

go^tothe_blade,whichhas adiameterof2

mm.

Itake great pleasureⁱⁿ

naming

^this

shipworm

^forAdmiralC.

W.

_Parks,

Chiefofthe

Bureau

ofYards

and

_Docks,to

whom

^I

am

indebtedfor

much

helpⁱⁿconnectionwith

shipworm

problems.

Teredo (Teredo) beachi,

new

species.

Shellsubglobular, with a strong posterior^auricle. Exteriormilkwhite, excepting the

umbones

anda streakinthe

median

middle_portion,whichare rosecolored;interiorbluish white.

The

anterior portionformsadeep^sinus whichisbordered

by

^anarrow

smooth

_edge,the externalmargin^ofwhich

isreflectedover the anterior portion^asa

smooth

_callus,whichistranslucent

and

permits the dentalridges covered

by

^{it to be seen} through ^it.

The

dental_ridgesradiatefromthisanterior

smooth

portionfanshaped

backward

over therest ofthe anterior area. There areaboutthirty-five ofthesein the_type,although

some

oftheearlierones

may

^{have beenlostthroughthe}

erosion oftheumbones.

The

dental_ridges, whichare _finelydenticulated at their freemargin, areabout^one-thirdaswideastheflattenedspaces that separate

them

atthe junction^ofthe anteriorwiththe

median

_portion.

The

flattened interspaces are finely striated, the striations coincidingwiththe dentalridges.

The

dentalridges ofthe anterior portion

meet

thoseofthe posterior

median

_portionatalmostright angles.

The

dental_{ridges of}the posterior

median

portion are closely crowded, beingseparated

by

^a

mere

line only.

They

^areverystrongly denticulated.

The

middle

median

_por-

tionisa

somewhat

_depressedarea,whichextendsfromthe

umbone

tothe ventral margin. Thereisa stronglyimpressed^linemarking^{the centerof} this area, whichiscrossed

by

rather rough,curvedincrementallineswhich extend_equally rough over the posterior

median

_portion.

The

_posterior portionforms _{a strong}auricle, whichis

marked by

rough ^linesofgrowth.

The

interiorhas the

umbones

stronglycurved_inward,forming^aprominent knob, from theinside ofwhich a_strong,broad, thin blade extends,which maintains almost anequidistancefrom theinside of the shellthroughout

itsentire length,thebroadside oftheblade being placed obliquely^tothis.

The

_junction ofthe anterior

and median

portion^is

marked by

^a slightly thickened ridgeontheinside.

The

centerofthe

median

_portionis

marked

by

^aroughened^areawhichextendsfromthe

umbones

tothe ventral margin, wherethe usual strong

knob

ispresent.

The

auricleextends over the pos- terior

median

portion

and

forms_{a narrow,}thin, freeshelf, with very^little of a cavity behind it.

The

auricle is

marked by

strong, curved lines of growth.

The

_pallettes are _spatulate, very short stalked

and

_{very broad,}

30 Proceedings

of^the Biological Society of

Washington.

the distaldark_portionbeing decidedlyhollowed _out, almostsuggesting a basal_{joint of}Bankia.

Of

theanimal

we may

say that the siphons are^of unequal^thicknessbut almostofequallength.

They

are tippedwith

num-

erousrosecolored_spots.

They

extend abouthalfthe length^ofthe spatu- lateportion^ofthe_pallettes,

and

are_splittothebaseofthe spatulate por- tion.

A

broad collar in the shape ^{of a}

membrane

surrounds the stalked portion^ofthe_pallettes

and

extends

down

over therestoftheanimalfora lengthequal^totheexposedpart^ofthe siphons.

The

type,Cat.No.341,155, U. ^S.N. M.,

was

collected inSan Pablo Bay, California. It measures:height, 5.5

mm.;

length,6

mm.;

thickness, 7

mm.

The

_pallettes measure:length, 5.5

mm.,

^of which 2

mm.

go^tothestalk;

width, 2

mm.

Thanks

tothe help^of Captain

Edward

L. Beach, the

Commandant

of the

Mare

IslandNaval Station,

who

_placed at

my

disposal the necessary equipment^forextracting

and

examininginfested pilings,^I

was

ableto

make

alarge collection of this species,whichhasbeencausing the extensive rav- agesⁱⁿ

San

Pablo

Bay and

the adjacent regionⁱⁿrecent_years. Itherefore take great pleasureⁱⁿ

naming

this species inhonorofthe Captain.

Teredo (Teredothyra) dominicensis,

new

species.

Shellsubglobular,compressed,cream_yellow,theextremeanterior portion bearing anotchwhoseexternal borderis reflectedasa

smooth

foldover the outer portion^of the_shell, butnot appressed^toit. Immediately back^of thisare thedentalridges,which appear^toradiate

more

orlessfanlikefrom the anterior margin.

They

^arecloselycrowdedatthe anterior margin,but

become

_regularly

more

_{distantlyspaced} asthey passfrom the anteriorto the posterior termination.

At

thelatter place they^are about

two and

a half times the width of the _ridges. These ridges are exceedingly finely denticulated at their freemargin; thirty-four ofthese arevisible, butthis isnot_all,fortheearliestare partlycovered

by

the anteriorreflection,

and some

have probably been^lost

by

the erosionoftheumbones. Theseridges jointhe dentalridges ofthe anterior

median

_portionⁱⁿalittle

more

thana right angle.

The

latterare verycloselycrowded, the spacesbetween

them

beingmere_impressedlines.

The

dental_{ridges of}the anteriormedianpor- tionare a^little

more

strongly denticulated than the dentalridges onthe anterior_portion. Inaboutthemiddleof theirlengththey separatefrom their closelypacked condition, taking ^a decidedly

backward

slant on the earlyportion^ofthe_shell,andalesserangleonthelastportion

The

middle ofthe

median

portion^isbutaroughenedgroove, whichextends fromthe

umbone

to the ventral margin.

The

_posterior portion ^is abouttwice as wideasthe anteriormedian,

and

^is

marked by

rather strong^{lines of}growth.

In_fact, itwould almostseemasiftheattenuated dentalridges, afterbend- ing over the

median

groove, continued ^as

smooth

raisedthreads over the posterior

median

_portion.

The median

portion,

compared

with Teredoin general, ^israthernarrow.

The

posteriorportion formsamoderatelylarge auricle which on the external surface is

marked by

^linesof growth

and

a few roughenedridges.

The

interior oftheshellisbluish white.

The um-

Bartsch — _{A New}

Classification of ^the

Shipworms. ³¹

bonesproject^intotheinterior oftheshellasa strongboss,fromtheunder side ofwhichthe slender blade curves

downward

_basally.

The

narrow_por- tion oftheblade^isparallelwiththeinside oftheshell.

The median

por- tion is smooth, although ^it shows the groove that corresponds with the external depression,

and

bears the usual

knob

atthe ventral margin.

The

posterior^auricle doesnot_projectintothe cavity^ofthe interiortoform a shelf,butfusessmoothly with^the

median

_portion.

The

auricleshowslines of growth markings on ^{the inside.}

The

_pallettes are short _stalked, the stalkbeing

more

orlessirregularlycurved.

The

_expandedblade^ishollow throughout ^its length, the cavity being divided ^into

two

chambers

by

^a

median

_septum.

The

_type

and some

additional specimens, Cat. No._341,129,U.S.N. M.,

come

from a small piece ^of

wood

collected

by

^{the U. S.} Coast Survey Steamer BlakeatStation _{192, in} 138fathomsoffDominica,

West

Indies.

The

_typemeasures:length, 2.3

mm.;

altitude, 2.2

mm. The

_pallettemeas- ures: length, 2.5

mm.,

ofwhich1.2

mm.

_belongtothestalk.

Width

of pal- lette, 1.1

mm.

XYLOPHAGA.

An

examinationofthe

West

American specimensbelonging^tothegenus Xylophaga Turton^inthecollections oftheUnitedStatesNational

Museum

showsthatinadditiontoXylophaga mexicana^Dall

we

willhavetorecognize

two new

species.

The

three _species have quite distinctive characters,

and

alsooccupyseparatezoogeographic ranges.

The

exteriorsurfaceoftheshellXylophaga^isnotunlikethatofTeredo

and Bankia

butthe posteriorenddoesnot gape

and

the_posteriorauricular por- tionisnotdifferentiatedfromthemedian.

A

broad

median

sulcusextends over theexterior oftheshellfromthe

umbones

tothe ventralmargin

and

a strong lamina a little anteriorto the middle of the sulcus reinforces the shellontheinside. Thislaminais

marked

at

more

orlessregular^intervals

by

slight constrictionswhichgive^toitanarticulated appearance.

Xylophaga,^likeTeredo

and

Bankia, burrowsⁱⁿwood, butlacking thelong siphonalportioncharacteristic ofthose genera, theburrowsare correspond- ingly shallow.

They

are usually quite

abundant

and theirburrows

may

completely

honeycomb and

^riddlethepiece of

wood

affected.

The

_followingkeywillhelp to differentiatethe_species:

Ridges onthe anterior portion strong

and

_{distantlyspaced} ^{. .} washingtona Ridges onthe anterior portionnot_strong

and

distantly spaced.

Ridges on the anterior portion slender

and

_{closelyspaced.}

Anterior

median

area broad mexicana

Anterior

median

area narrow californica

Xylophaga mexicana^Dall.

InXylophaga mexicana^{there are}twentydenticulated_{ridges to}themilli- meterinthe centerofthe posterior area

and

thedenticulated_ridgebearing posterior

median

_portionis1.7

mm.

inwidthatthe angle^ofthe junction^of the posteriorwiththe

median

_part.

32 Proceedings

of^the Biological Society of

Washington.

The

type(Cat.No. _172,947,

U.S.N.M.)

^{comes fromtheU.S. Bureauof}

Fisheries Albatross Station 3422, off Acapulco, Mexico, dredged ^{in 141} fathoms on

mud

bottom.

The

type ^measures:length, 5.1

mm.;

altitude, 4.5

mm.

Xylophagacalifornica,

new

_species.

InXylophagacalifornicathereareaboutfourteen denticulatedridges to a millimeterinthe centerofthe posteriorarea,

and

the denticulated ridge bearing posterior

median

_portionis.7

mm.

inwidthatthe angle^ofjunction ofthe posteriorwith the

median

_part.

The

type,

Cat

No. 209,876,U. S.N. M., comes from^theU.S. Bureauof FisheriesAlbatross Station 4525,^offPt.Pinos Light,California, in75-108 fathoms, on

mud

bottom.

The

type measures:length, 4.9

mm.;

altitude, 4.7

mm.

Xylophaga washingtona,

new

species.

In Xylophagawashingtona there are about^ten denticulated _{ridges to} a millimeterin the center of the posterior area

and

the denticulated ridge bearing posterior

median

_portionis1.2

mm.

inwidthatthe angleofjunction ofthe posteriorwith the

median

_part.

The

_{type. Cat.}No.344,479,U.S.N. M.,

was

collected

by

^{Dr. C. C.}

Eng-

berg ^at

San Juan

_Island, Washington.

The

type measures: length, 5.7

mm.;

altitude, 5.5

mm.

Therearetwoadditionalspecimens^enteredfrom the

same

station under the

same

_catalogue number. Cat. No. 226,151, U. S. N. M.,representstwo specimens from ^theU. S.

Bureau

of Fisheries Albatross Station 2867,^oifthe coastofWashington, taken froma piece^of

wood

dredgedⁱⁿ37fathoms. Cat.No. 331,683, U.S.N. M.,contains 13 specimens dredged^atU.S. BureauofFisheries Albatross Station 5432,^off Oregon. ^Cat. No.341,157, U.S.N. M., ^contains95specimens from U. ^S.

Bureau

ofFisheriesAlbatross Station 3456,^offWashington, dredgedⁱⁿ¹³⁶ fathoms on gray sand bottom,

bottom

temperature^{42.2° . Cat.}No.341, 158, U.S. N. M., ^contains5specimens^collected

by

Mrs. OldroydⁱⁿDeparture Bay, ^British Columbia. These were taken from ^a dead_twig.

An

addi- tional lotfromthe

same

_placeisinMrs._Oldroyd'scollection.