By
T.D. A. Cockerell,
Ofthe University ofColorado, Boulder.
For many
years past theNational Museum
has possessed a series of undescribed species of thegenus Nomia,
towhich
Dr.W. H.
Ashmead gave manuscript names.
In thenew
catalogue of beesnow
in preparation Iwas anxious
to cite thesenames,
but as theiresteemed author unhappily never found time
toprepare
descriptions, Iasked
for the loan of the material in order to publish the necessary diagnoses.While
giving these, Ihave thought
it useful to arrange the species intogroups and
cite all those belonging toour
fauna.At
the outset the question arises as to thenumber
of genera to be recognized.Doctor Ashmead,
in 1899, divided theNomia
of authors intoEpinomia Ashmead, Nomia
Latreille,Paranomia
Friese,and Mould Westwood (Eunomia
Cresson).Monia, however,
is reallyaCol-
letid,
and
sinceEunomia
ispreoccupied
it takes thename
Ditunomia
Cockerell."
Other
segregates are the African CrocisaspidiaAshmead
and
StictonomiaCameron, and
the Asiatic HoploTiomiaAshmead
(type //. quadrifasdata
Ashmead).
The common
usage in theUnited
States hasbeen
to recognizetwo
genera,Nomia and Eunomia (Dieunomia)
. It is not quite clearwhether Nomia can
be usefully splitup
into anumber
of genera, butat present it
seems
better to regard all theAmerican forms
as per- taining to a singlegenus with
severalnamed
subgenera.The
type ofNomia
is theEuropean N.
diversifies Latreille, ofwhich
1have specimens from Doctor
Friese.This
is a stronglypunctured
insect,with very
large tegulseand
curiouslaminate
tubercles. It representsa subgeneric
group (Nomia,
s. str.) notfound
inAmerica.
N. ruficor- nis Spinola belongs to thesame
subgenus,which
is also characterizedby
abackwardly-directed
tooth ateach
side of the scutellum in the male. N. rujicornis haswhat
at first sightseem
to be white tegu-mentary bands on
theabdomen,
but they are reallybands
of dense"Entomologist. vol. 32, p. 11.
Proceedings U.S. National Museum, Vol..
38—
No. 1745.Proc.N.M.vol.38—10 19 289
290 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.
vol. 38.white hair al the bases of the segments,
more
or lesscovered by
the hyaline apices of thesegments
before.Paranomia
Friese (type, chalybeata Smith,from
China) includes the species with colored pearlybands on
theabdomen,
representedin
America by
thegroup
of X. nortoni.Hoplonomia Ashmead
issimilar, but has a bidentate process or
two
teeth on the postscutellum.Epinomia Ashmead
(type, triangulifera Vachal) shouldprobably
beextended
to include thegroup
ofN.
nevadensis.This
is themosl
"
normal
" ofour groups
ofNomia,
in the sense of being less divergentfrom
other bees.Dieunomia
(type,marginipennis
Cresson) consists of large species, inwhich
the last antenna! joint isbroadened and
flattened. A', bol- liana, a smaller species just described,must
also be referred here.It
would not be
illogical to excludeNomia from
theAmerican
fauna,and
recognize three genera,Paranomia, Epinomia, and Dieunomia
:
but in this case it
would be
necessary to decidewhat
todo
with thenumerous
African, Asiatic,and
Australian species,which
in variousways seem
to connect the segregated genera with trueNomia,
or insome
casesform what might
be regarded as other genera orsubgenera.1
have
a considerable series of these foreign insectsand am
at a loss toknow how
to satisfactorily dividethem
into genera.The group
is a peculiar one,and apparently
its littlemorphological
jokesmust
not betaken
too seriously.Perhaps
themost
significant distinctions are to befound
in themouth
parts. In the type of the genus,Nomia
diversipes, I find thetongue
short,broad
at the base, rapidlynarrowing
to a linear tip.The
labial palpihave
the first jointmuch
shorterthan
the other threecombined
(proportionsabout
13 to 20),and
the maxillary palpiextend beyond
the maxillary blade,which
isvery
bristly at the end. InNomia
nevadensis the conditions are essentially thesame,
but the firstjoint of the labial palpusis to the others
combined
as about 13 to 18,the apical joint being shorter.
In
N.foxii the first joint of the labialpalpus is to the other three
combined
as about 20 to 22,approaching
equality, while thetongue
is considerably elongated, gradually taper- ing, itslengthabout
1,275 ft, itswidth
at base about 220, notcounting
the hair.The
following figures give the lengths of the joints of the labial palpi in microns.For
the first joint only thedark
chitinized part ismeasured.
Labial palpi, joints
..;triangulifera.
oes...
Nomiafoxii...
(1)
510 220
.'jn ::iu
L".'(l
100 100 127
(3)
'.'ill
IIK) llll 127
(4)
220 100 L36 12?
nomia
it is dagger-shaped. InParanomia
it is elongated. InHoplonomia, which
is really a section ofParanomia,
it is longand
slender, as I findon examining
aspecimen
of N. elliottiiSmith, from
India. I also find a lineartongue
insome
Australian species, as X. semiaureaCockered and
X. gilberti Cockerell, the latterhaving
itremarkably
longand
slender.The tongue and mouth
parts ofNomia
diversipes are typically Halictine in character,and compared
with those ofAgapostemon
melliventris Cresson,
they show no important
difference.The huge
hyaline inner lobe of the maxillary blade is quite thesame, and
thisis especially
noteworthy because Andrena shows
an entirely different structure, wit lino hyaline lobe.Nomiacsm
notgo
in the Andreninae, butmust
be considered to typify asubfamily
Nomiinae, closely related to the Halictinae.The
following notescompare
Halictinewith Nomiine
bees:Agapostemon
melliventris Cresson.A specimen compared
withNomia
diversipesshowed
a difference in the paraglossae,which
hardlyexceeded
theapex
ofsecond
joint of labial palpi, while in A", diversipesthey
reached the level of base of last joint.The Agapostemon was
amale,
and on examining
afemale
of thesame
species,itwas found
that the paraglossae nearlyreached
the tip of the labial palpi. InAgapo- stemon
radiatusSay
the paraglossaewere found
to reachabout
the level of theend
of the labial palpi.The tongue and
labial palpi arelonger in this species
than
inA.
melliventris.Spliecodof/asfni texana (Cresson)
has
thetongue
as inNomia
diver- sipes,and
thebroad
paraglossae reach themiddle
of the last joint of labial palpi.The
maxillary palpi aremuch
largerand
longerthan
inN.
diversipi*.Halictus sisymbrii Cockerell differs
from Nomia
diversipesby
themuch broader and
shorter tongue,with
the linear apical partvery
much
shorter.Halictus
armatid
psCresson has
thetongue
a littlemore
slenderthan
in
Nomia
diversipes, but it tapersmuch more
gradually to the linear apical process,which
is also shorter.It isevident that the Halictines
and Nomiines have independently produced groups with
linear tongues.There
aretwo
suchgroups
among
the Halictineswhich
1 consider tohave
generic value,namely,
Augochlora inAmerica, and Thrinchostoma
in Africa. Itmay
be askedwhy,
if I consider these valid genera, Ido
not also acceptParanomia
as agenus on
thesame
grounds. It isbecause
Ihave never
seen a species of Augochlora or Thrinchostoma,which
could not be readily recognized as such, while Ido
notknow how
to divideNomia
into similarly recognizable groups. This,however, ma\
292 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.
vol.38.merely
bedue
to insufficientacquaintance with
thenumerous
Asiaticand
African species.In
connection with
the evident relationship of theNbmiines
to the llalictines, it is interesting to note thatsome
of the latterhaVe
ivory-colored or yellowishtegumentary abdominal bands;
such arc Halictus cittatusSmith from
Soutli Africaand
//. fiavovittatusW.
F.
Kirby from
Socotra.Nomia
is doubtless ofOld World
origin,probably
reachingAmerica
in later
miocene
times.Two
species, A. jenseni Frieseand
A'jorgenseni Friese,
have
recentlybeen
describedfrom
Argentina, butVachal
pointsout
that theyhave
collet idmouth
parts,and
refersthem
to hisgenus
Lonchopria.They
arevery
beautiful insects,with
lighttegumentary abdominal bands
in themanner
of Paranornin,but
themale
antennae are short,and
neither themetathorax nor
theventer
of theabdomen
are constructed as inNomia.
GROUP OF NOMIA NEVADENSIS.
Rather
small species, theabdomen without
iridescent hands;male with
the hind tibia broad, its inneredge with
the apical halfbroadly excavated;
tegulaeand
tubercles not enlarged.(A)
Abdomen wholly
or largely bright ferruginous.Nomia
n< radensis Cresson.Described from Nevada, and
rangesthrough Arizona
intoNew Mexico, where
it iscommon
in themiddle Sonoran /one
at flowers of variouscomposite,
asBahia
dissecta, Leucosyris spinosaand
Isocoma wrightii.(B)
Abdomen
dark.Nomia
bakeri Cockerell.Found
in Colorado, atDenver and
Boulder. Mrs.Bennett
has collected it at flowers of Solidogo.NOMIA
PATTONI,new species.Nomia /><iU(>nl
Ashmead
MS. (Nodescription.)Closely related to A', bakeri, but smaller (size of N. arizonensis), the female
with
thefemora
red, as well as the tibia'and
tarsi, the antenna' also red. In the male, the face isnarrower
below; the hindlegs,
though
paler,do
not differ in structure,and
themale antenna
1 are practically thesame
in both.There
are no tangible differencesin sculpture.
The
length of the anteriorwing
is a rather scant 8 nun.At fust sight. A', pattoni looks like A', (iri~ontlists, but it agrees
with
bakeriand
differsfrom
arizonesis in the character of the basal area ofmetathorax, which
is rather large,and more
or less boat-shaped, instead ofnarrowly
crescentic. A', /xiftonl is also readilyknown from
arizonesisby
the color of the legs, themore
denselypunctured meso-
thorax,and
theabsence
of an evident subbasal constrictionon
the secondabdominal segment
of the female. Itmay perhaps prove
totinguished in its typical range.
Habitat.
—
Utica, Mississippi (type-locality),from Ashmead's
col- lection;Selma, Alabama,
October, 1880,and
July, 1881(W.
II.Pattern, collector.)
Type-specimen.—
Oat.No.
12984,U.S.N.M.
A female from Selma, Alabama,
is labeled"Sept.
30, 1880. E. A.Schwarz. See
noteson
Myodites."Named
forW. H. Pat
(oil.NOMIA
ARIZONENSIS Cockerell.The U.
S.National .Museum
has a long seriesfrom
Arizona, the precise locality,whenever
given, beingTucson.
In themale
the wings,except
for thebroad dark
apical border, arevery
pale,almost
milky;but
in the femalesthey
aremore
yellowish ordusky. The
females
have
collected a greatquantity
oforange
pollen,no doubt from
thecomposite. In
the male, themedian
depression or con- striction of the first threeabdominal segments
isextremely marked, and
the flagellum is ferruginous beneath, this colorabruptly
con- trastingwith
the blackwhich
occupies two-thirds of the circumfer- ence.NOMIA
ARIZONENSIS ANGELESIA,new subspecies.Nomia angelesia
Ashmead
MS. (No description.)I
was
first inclined to treat this as identicalwith
N. arizonensis,but
it isnormally
larger (anterior wing, 8|mm.). The mesothorax seems
less denselypunctured, and
themale
flagellum is quite differ-ently colored,
being very dark
reddish beneath, the redshading
into the black.The
basal area of themetathorax
isvery narrow
(i. e.,short antero posteriorly).
The
teguhe arc clear fulvotestaceous,and
the light
abdominal hair-bands
arevery
distinct.Habitat.
— Los Angeles County,
California (I).W.
Coquillett)—
type-locality;
San Bernardino County,
California,"338, through
('.V.
Riley.
: '
Type-specimen.- -Cat. No. 12985,
U.S.N.M.
GROUP OF NOMIA TRIANGULIFERA (EPINOMIA).
Larger than
the species of the nevadenisgroup; abdomen
black,without
iridescentbands;
hind tibiae ofmale much broadened
apically,produced
at the inner apical corner into ahuge
stout spine, but the inner sideonly
slightlyconcave beyond
the middle, not excavated.The
triangular depressionon
the fourth ventralsegment
of themale
is also well
marked
in the nevadensis group,becoming
narrower.however,
in X. arizonensis angelesia. Tin; females resemble species ofAndrena, and may
befound
visiting species ofComposite.
•2\)4
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
\\ll<>\\lMUSEUM,
vol.38.The
apical joint of themale
antennae is not dilated in the triangu- lifera or nevadensis group.The
inclosure of the mfetathorax inN.
triangulifera isboat-shaped,more
or lessnarrowed
in the middle.The
tegulse in the female are variably infuscated,whereas
in allmembers
of the nevadensisgroup
they are pellucid rufotestaceous.The only
species of thisgroup
isNomia
triangulifera Vachal,1897
(persimilis Cockerell 1898),
found
inNebraska, Kansas, and New
Mexico.
It is the type ofAshmead's genus Epinomia.
GROUP OF XOMIA BETEROPODA (DIEUNOMIA).
Very
large s])eeies;abdomen
black,without
iridescentbands;
males with
apical joint of antennae swollen,and middle femora
greatly swollen, thehind
legs alsomuch
modified, the hind basitarsusextremely
long.(A)
Wings uniformly dark
fuliginous.Nomia
heterojxxhi Say.A female from
Victoria,Texas,
at flowers of Heltanth us,October
2, 1904 (J. C.Crawford,
collector), is referred here.(B)
Wings
hyaline, orange-tinted,with
the apicalmargin
verybroadly
fuliginous.Nomia apacha
Cresson. I refer heretwo
femalesfrom
Victoria,Texas,
at flowersofHeUantlms,( Vtober
2,1904
(A.J.Leister, collector).1
am
atsome disadvantage with
regard to thisand
the last speciesfrom having
only females (themale
ofapacha
isunknown), and from
nothaving
authentic material forcomparison;
Ihave
seen the species,however,
in the Cresson collection,and
the presentspecimens
accordvery
well withmy
notesand
recollections.The apacha and
Ketero-poda were taken
at thesame
place,on
thesame
day, at Helianthus,and appear
to be identical except for the very different coloration of the wings. Is it possible that they aretwo forms
of a single specie- '.N.
apacha
isknown
tobe western
(Colorado,New
Mexico), whileA'. Ittttrojxx/a is eastern
(Texas
toArkansas and Maryland): do
theymeet
at Victoria, Texas,and
possibly hybridize?There
isapparently
aproblem
here calling for field investigations.From
the other specie-, with similarly colored wings, X.apacha
isreadily
known by
thecombination
of strongly fulvouspubescence on
the thoraxabove
with light fulvous tegulseand
a very black.unhanded, abdomen.
X
marginipt nnis ( Iresson.A
female beforeme
isfrom Rocky
Ford,Colorado, collected
by
Prof. C. P. Gillette.Vomia
xerophila Cockerell.MesillaPark and
Aztec,New Mexico;
Sterling,
Colorado
(S.A.Johnson,
collector) ;MoabUtah,
"S.10/06"
I L.S. National
Museum).
In the male.it is the fourth ventralsegment
which
is elevated at the lower lateral cornel's,and
the fifthwhich
original description." In this species the hair of the thorax
above
is pale yellowish-gray, unlike the fulvous of
apacha
or the seal-brown of marginipennis; the tegulae aredarker than
in apacha, but not sodark
as in marginipennis.GROUP OF NOMIA ME
SII.I..KKnown only from
a single male, the type of A', mesilla (Cockerell).It is similar in
most
respects to themales
of the heteropoda group, but themiddle femora
are less modified, themiddle
tibia'have no
spurs,and
there are other differences.The abdominal
hair-bands are very distinct.The
insectwas
takenby
Mr. C.M. Barber
atMesilla,
Xew
Mexico.GROUP OF NOMIA BOLLIANA.
The
only speciesknown
is X. bolliana Cockerell, 1910,from
Texas.The female
looks at first sight just like N. triangulifera, agreeing in size, build, color,and manner
of collecting pollen.Upon
(dosecomparison many
differences are apparent,such
as thenarrowly
crescentic area ofmetathorax,
themore
sparselypunctured
firstabdominal segment, and
the pellucid rufo-fulvous tegulae,which
are quite elongate, sinuateon
the outer margin, in themanner
of the lieteropoda group.The
tibiaeand
tarsi are ferruginous.The wings
are colored as in X. apacha.The male
is very differentfrom
that of X. triangulifera, the following characters being distinctive:Antennae
long, black, the ilagelluni crenulated,
with
the apical joint flattenedand broadened,
as in the heteropodagroup:
face broad, denselycovered
with yellowish-white hair;tongue narrow
apically,broadened
basally, very hairy; vertexand thorax above
with very pale yellowish hair, colored as in X. xerophila; area ofmetathorax
strongly plicate:abdomen
denselypunctured,
first threesegments
constricted; fourth ventralsegment
withmedian
depression parallel-sided, not at alltriangular (but it
may broaden under
themargin
of third),and
its lateral angles not elevated; fifth ventral with a pair of nodules:femora
black,except
knees, tibia'and
tarsi ; ferruginous;middle femora
very little swollen, inclined to lie keeled beneath;middle
tibia'and
tarsi ordinary, the tibial
spur
present; hind trochantersproduced
to a large
obtuse
tooth,and
with a little basal processon
outer side;hind
femora much
swollen, veryconvex above;
hind tibia' broadly triangular, thelamina produced
to aprominent submedian
angle,and with
also an apical process; hind basitarsus not excessively long.This species
was
describedfrom
a single female in the BerlinMuseum. The
l\ S. NationalMuseum
contains both -rx,.^.from
a Entomologist, \'n\ . L899, p. 266.
296 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.
vol. 38.Denton and Wichita
Falls, Texas.The Wichita
Falls (female)specimen
isfrom
flowers ofHelianihus,June
Hi,1906
(J.D.
Mitchell, collector).The Denton
(both sexes)specimens
arefrom
flowers ofRudbeckia
amplexicaulis,June
29 (F. C.Bishopp,
collector).The produced
hind trochanters of themale occur
also in allmembers
of the neradensis «;roup.
GROUP OF NOMIA NORTONI. (PARANOMIA.)
Hind margins
ofabdominal segments
iridescent green or blue;tongue
slender;apex
ofmale
antennae neither flattened nor dilated.(A)
Male
antennae long, with the last joint elongatedand
sharply pointed.Nomia
nortoni Cresson.Kansas,
Texas,and New
Mexico. X.cressoni
West wood, from Mexico,
is thesame.
Ihave
aMexican
specimen.This
species ismuch
the lafgesl of thegroup;
anteriorwing about
13mm.
N. melanderi Cockerell.
Known
onlyby
a single femalefrom Washington
State. It is not certain, in theabsence
of the male, thatthis belongs in the
subgroup
with pointed antenna', but I believe it is correctly so referred.NOMIA
CALIFORNICA,newspecies.Nomia californica
Ashmead
MS. (No description.)Female. Size
and form
of A', melanderi,from which
it differs as follows:Abdominal bands
lighl yellowish-green,with
a variableamount
oforange
suffusion; firstsegmenl
withan
entirenarrow
apical
band; stigma
redder.Thus,
while the differences are technic- allyvery
slight, the insect looks quite distinct.There
is agood
deal of short black hairon
thethorax
above,and
the tegulse are red- dish black.Habitat
Southern
California,"No.
331,through
C. V. Riley;"Los
AngelesCounty,
California (D.W.
Coquillett, collector).Type-specimen.—
Cut.No.
12986,U.S.N.M.
NOMIA
ACUS, new species.Male. Anterior
wing
a fraction over- «.»mm. Male
flagellum long, pale yellowish-fulvous beneath, the last joint longand
pointed as inN.nortoni;
thoraxabove
very strongly punctured,and
with grayish- white hair, scutellum slightly bigibbous;abdomen narrow
basally, thefirst
two segments
very coarsely punctured, the others finely; firstsegment
with hindmargin wholly
dark;segments
2 to 5 withbroad
light bluish-green
bands;
structure of legs as in A', nortoni, i\w hindfemora
greatlj swollen,and
the hind tibia- with a very largequad-
rangular pale honey-colored lobe; tarsi fuscous; fourth ventralabdominal segment
divided intotwo
plates as in A', nortoniThis
strong relatively
much
denser puncturation of disk ofmesothorax,
scutellum,and
firstabdominal segmenl
: but inNomia
thismay be
only a sexual character. In the color of thebands
this agrees withN.
melanderi, but the tegulse are hyaline with a fulvous spot,whereas
in melanderi they are
opaque
black.From
the locality,one would
associate it with X. californica, but the color of the
bands
is quite different,and
the firstsegmenl
hasno
light band.The wings
are yellowerthan
in melanderi or californica,and
the apicalmargin
ispaler.
The
face is rather narrow,and
the orbitsconverge
below.The
clypeus is shiningand somewhat
concave.Habitat Southern
California,"through
C. V. Riley."Type-specimen.—
Cat.No.
12987,U.S.N. M.
(B)
Male
antenna' elongate, slender apically, but the point obtuse.Species of the
West
Indies.Nomia
robinsoni Cresson.Cuba.
X. wickJiamii
Ashmead.
Eleuthera,Bahamas. The
type is beforeme,
collectedby Henry
Ditzen. It is evidentlyvery
close to N.robinsoni, but easily distinguished
by
themuch
greateramount
of blackon
the tibiae.From Ashmead's
description, Thad
difficulty inseparating this
from
N.foxii,but
it is really quite distinct, differing as follows:Hair
of face yellowish; scapemuch
largerand
thicker;flagellum
much
longer,more
slender apically;mesothorax and
firstabdominal segment more
closelypunctured; dorsum
ofthorax appearing very
black, fringedwith
pale yellowish hair;abdominal bands
paler,with
turquoise tints;yellow
lobe of hind tibia larger.(C)
Male an
tennseordinary
; firstabdominal segment
withno
green or blueband.
Nomia
foxii Dalla Torre.New Mexico.
N.
mesillensis Cockerell.New Mexico. Only
the female isknown,
but T believe it falls in this group.N.
universitatis Cockerell. Colorado.NOMIA
TETRAZONATA,new species.Noiiiin tetrazonata
Ashmead
MS. (No description.)Male.
— Length about
or hardly 10mm.,
anteriorwing
7J; the fourabdominal bands
rathernarrow,
light turquoise blue, with slight greentints.
Very
close toN.foxii and
aniversitatis, butuniformly
smaller-Compared
withN.foxii
it is readily distinguishedby
the sculpture of theabdomen. In
foxii the thirdsegment
has rather small, irregularly placedpunctures
of dill'erent sizes, while the fourth has very small punctures. In tetrazonata the fourthhas
largeregularpunctures
like thoseon
the third, while thoseon
the fifth could not he called minute-The second segment
is depressed basally.The
hindfemora
are con- siderablystouterthan
inN.
universitatis; thehind
tibia' are unusually298 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.
vol.38.short,
and
seenfrom behind both they and
their tarsi are of auniform brown, hoary
with linepubescence;
seenfrom
in front, theapex
of the tibial lobe isbroadly
yellowish-white; the anteriorand middle
tarsi are also
brown. The punctures
of themesot borax
are smaller thanmfoxii
or universitatis.The
face iscovered with white
hair,and
the flagellum is dull ferruginous beneath.
The
tegulse are as mfoxii.Habitat.
—
Globe, Arizona,July
25, 1892, threefrom Ashmead's
collection; also
one from "Bradsh.
Mt.,"June
21, 1892, also in Ari- zona,and from Ashmead's
collection.Type from
Globe, withnum-
ber 147.
Type-specimen. -Cat. No. 12988,
U.S.N.M.
DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES.
Andrena
validaSay
.Viereck
(in litt.)has
suggested that thismay
be
aNomia.
If so, itmust
be closely similar to .V. hfteropoda, bcinn a large species with purplish-fuliginous wings.Nomia
hii-l:innn'iFrieseMS., Entom. Xews,
1899, p. 244,from
Texas, has notbeen
described.N.
compacta Provancher,
1888,from Cap Rouge, Canada,
is basedon
a male,and from
the localityand
description 1 suspect that itmay
not be a Ntfmia.
The
following charactersseem
significant :'
'
La
faceallong6e,