Total = (100%) - Undip PAK Repository

(1)

LEMBAR

HASIL PENILAIAN SEJAWAT SEBIDANG ATAU PEER REVIEW KARYA ILMIAH : PROSIDING

Judul Karya Ilmiah : Testing of Solar Power Plant Components Off-Grid Systems and Engineering Economic Analysis at Cemara Island, Brebes Regency, Indonesia

Jumlah Penulis : 3 Orang (Jaka Windarta, Ardhito Pratama, Denis and Agung Nugroho) Status Pengusul : Penulis ke–1

Identitas Prosiding : a. Judul Prosiding : The 4th International Conference on Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System (ICENIS 2019)

b. ISBN/ISSN : 2267–1242

c. Thn Terbit, Tempat Pelaks. : 2019, Semarang, Indonesia d. Penerbit/Organiser : EDP Sciences

e. Alamat Repository/Web : https://www.e3s-

conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/abs/2019/51/e3sc onf_icenis2019_10003/e3sconf_icenis2019_1000 3.html

Alamat Artikel : https://www.e3s-

conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2019/51/e3sc onf_icenis2019_10003.pdf

f. Terindeks di (jika ada) : Scopus H Index : 14 SJR Index : 0,17 Kategori Publikasi Makalah : √ ProsidingForum Ilmiah Internasional (beripada kategori yang tepat) ProsidingForum Ilmiah Nasional Hasil PenilaianPeer Review:

Komponen Yang Dinilai

Nilai Reviewer

Nilai Rata- Reviewer I Reviewer II rata

a. Kelengkapan unsur isi prosiding (10%) 2,5 2,4 2,45

b. Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan (30%) 8,75 8,3 8,525

c. Kecukupan dan kemutahiran data/informasi dan metodologi (30%)

8,5 7,3 7,9

d. Kelengkapan unsur dan kualitas terbitan/prosiding(30%) 8 8 8

Total = (100%) 27,75 26 26,88

Nilai Pengusul = (60% × 26,875) = 16,13

Semarang, Reviewer 2

Mochammad Facta, S.T., M.T., Ph.D.

NIP. 197106161999031003 Unit : Teknik Elektro FT UNDIP

Reviewer 1

Dr. Wahyudi, ST, MT NIP. 196906121994031001 Unit : Teknik Elektro FT UNDIP

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LEMBAR

b. ISBN/ISSN : 2267–1242

Komponen Yang Dinilai

Nilai Maksimal Prosiding Nilai Akhir Yang Diperoleh Internasional

Nasional

a. Kelengkapan unsur isi prosiding (10%) 3,00 2,5

b. Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan (30%)

9,00 8,75

9,00 8,5

d. Kelengkapan unsur dan kualitas terbitan/prosiding(30%)

9,00 8

Total = (100%) 30,00 27,75

Nilai Pengusul = (60% × 27,75) = 16,65 Catatan Penilaian Paper oleh Reviewer :

1. Kesesuaian dan kelengkapan unsur isi paper:

Unsur paper : pendahuluan, diskusi dan referensi. Tidak ada metode dan kesimpulan.

2. Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan:

Pembahasan terkait panel surya, baterai, inverter, jatuh tegangan dan analisis ekonomi. Pembahasan cukup mendalam.

3. Kecukupan dan kemutakhiran data/informasi dan metodologi:

Kemutakhiran data kurang. Dari 10 referensi hanya 4 yang terbit kurang dari 10 tahun. Metodologi tidak dibahas pada paper.

4. Kelengkapan unsur dan kualitas terbitan:

Kelengkapan kurang dan kualitas terbitan masih terdapat tabel maupun gambar yang tidak disitasi dengan jelas seperti Gambar 1 dan 2 dan semua Tabel/\.

Semarang, Reviewer 1

Dr. Wahyudi, ST, MT NIP. 196906121994031001 Unit : Teknik Elektro FT UNDIP 30

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LEMBAR

b. ISBN/ISSN : 2267–1242

Komponen Yang Dinilai

Nilai Maksimal Prosiding Nilai Akhir Yang Diperoleh Internasional

Nasional

a. Kelengkapan unsur isi prosiding (10%) 3,00 2,4

b. Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan (30%)

9,00 8,3

9,00 7,3

d. Kelengkapan unsur dan kualitas terbitan/prosiding(30%)

9,00 8

Total = (100%) 30,00 26

Nilai Pengusul = (60% ×26) = 15,6 Catatan Penilaian Paper oleh Reviewer :

1. Kesesuaian dan kelengkapan unsur isi paper:

Makalah telah ditulis sesuai dengan format dan kaidah ilmu yang berlaku secara umum untuk penulisan makalah prosiding internasional. Makalah ditulis secara lengkap dan sistematis yang mencangkup abstract, introduction, discussion dan reference. Perencanaan yang disajikan singkat namun cukup mencakup pemakaian system tenaga surya secara off grid.

2. Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan:

Karya tulis ilmiah yang ditulis sesuai dengan bidang penulis. Pembahasan makalah dilakukan secara mendalam dengan merujuk dari berbagai sumber referensi yang sesuai dengan keahlian penulis, khususnya bidang pembangkitan listrik dari energi surya yang diaplikasikan di suatu kawasan yang relative terpencil jauh dari jaringan jal-jala permanen (grid) , sehingga membentuk system kelistrikan yang off grid.

3. Kecukupan dan kemutakhiran data/informasi dan metodologi:

Data dan informasi disajikan dengan sangat baik dengan merujuk 10 referensi. Jumlah dan tahun terbit paper-paper yang dijadikan sebagai acuan atau referensi pada paper ini cukup lengkap, demikian pula data dan informasi yang disajikan berdasar paper yang diterbitkan dalam publikasi yang kredibel seperti paper-paper dalam IEEExplore 4. Kelengkapan unsur dan kualitas terbitan:

The 4th International Conference on Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System (ICENIS 2019),

ISBN/ISSN : 2267 – 1242, 2019, https://www.e3s-

conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2019/51/e3sconf_icenis2019_10003.pdf, Terindex Scopus. Prosiding ini diterbitkan oleh publisher IEEE dan termuat dalam IEEExplorer , mesin sitasi konferensi internasional yang telah dikenal dan tersitasi di SCOPUS yang secara konsisten menerbitkan setiap edisinya lengkap dan memiliki kualitas cetakan yang baik sehingga ukuran dan font tulisan dapat terbaca dengan jelas dan mudah.

30

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Semarang,

Reviewer 2

Mochammad Facta, S.T., M.T., Ph.D.

NIP. 197106161999031003 Unit : Teknik Elektro FT UNDIP

(5)

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Document details

1 of 1

Testing of Solar Power Plant Components Oﬀ-Grid Systems and Engineering Economic Analysis at Cemara Island, Brebes Regency, Indonesia

(Conference Paper) (Open Access)

, , ,

Magister of Energy, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia is a country that is geographically located right in the equator and variously advantage and the wide for the use of solar energy. Indonesia has a relatively high radiation level, which is 4.80 kWh/m2/day. Cemara Island is a tourist place but does not have electricity from PLN because access to its location is still diﬃcult to reach. So from that chosen the planning system for the use of electrical energy using solar energy. However, economic analysis is needed so that the estimated weaknesses of the oﬀ-grid solar system can be estimated so as to reduce the risk of losses. The testing of each component in the Solar Power Plant system also needs to be done to determine the condition and quality of the components to be used. The economic analysis of the Cemara Island Solar Power Plant System with an initial investment of Rp 52,553,000, in scenario 1 uses interest at 6%, then in scenario 2 without using interest.

Through calculations by looking for the value of COE (Energy Cost), NPC (Net Present Cost) and BEP (Break-Even Point), so that costs can be calculated by the manager with the number of 11 managers per month. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019.

SciVal Topic Prominence

Topic:

Prominence percentile: 99.862

Author keywords

Cemara Island Cemara Island Economic Analysis Oﬀ-grid Solar Power Plant Solar Power Plant Tests

Indexed keywords

Engineering controlled terms:

Electric power system economics Electric power transmission networks Information systems Information use Investments Managers Risk assessment Risk perception

Solar energy Solar power plants

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4th International Conference on Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System, ICENIS 2019; Semarang; Indonesia; 7 August 2019 through 8 August 2019; Code 154022

Windarta, J.â,b  Pratama, A.â Denisâ Nugroho, A.â 

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“STRENGTHENING PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM AS A RESPOND TO INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0”

“STRENGTHENING PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

OF ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY

AND INFORMATION SYSTEM AS A RESPOND

TO INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0”

(11)

PREFACE

The 4th International Conference on Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System (ICENIS) 2019 is annual conferences organized by School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University and has been successfully conducted since 2016. The aims of ICENIS are to designate an interactive international forum to provide a platform for sharing and exchanging information on the latest research on energy, environment, epidemiology and information system and to stimulate collaboration between researchers, government and industries to increase community welfare. This conference also facilitate the formation of network among participants to enhance the quality and benefit of research and development.

The theme of ICENIS 2019 is “Strengthening Planning and Implementation of Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System as a Respond to Industrial Revolution 4.0”.

The scope of the field of participants comes from various fields including energy, environment, epidemiology, information system and relevant fields that contribute to Industrial Revolution 4.0. The conference was held in Semarang, Indonesia on August, 7

^th

-8

^th

2019. There were six keynote speakers and more than 250 participants who came from USA, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Malaysia, Netherland, Rwanda and Indonesia consist of researchers, lecturers, postgraduate and undergraduate students from various universities and after the selection process there were 200 articles selected to be published in the present conference proceeding.

We would like to express our gratitude to all authors, members of scientific committee and members of organizing committee for their contribution to the success of the conference.

The Editors

Prof. Dr. Hadiyanto

Dr. Budi Warsito

Dr. Eng. Maryono

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4/6/2021 UNIVERSITAS SAINS & TEKNOLOGI KOMPUTER : PEMAPARAN RISET DOSEN STEKOM DI KONFERENSI INTERNASIONAL ICENI…

https://stekom.ac.id/site/info/a0a080f42e6f13b3a2df133f073095dd/PEMAPARAN-RISET-DOSEN-STEKOM-DI-KONFERENSI-INTERNASIONAL-ICE… 1/2

PEMAPARAN RISET DOSEN STEKOM DI KONFERENSI INTERNASIONAL “ICENIS 2019”

Kamis, 08 Agustus 2019 12:33:57 ,Oleh Edy Jogatama Purhita, S.Sn, M.Ds ,Dilihat : 6.183 x

Ajang Internasional Conference bereputasi dan terindeks SCOPUS telah diselenggarakan di Semarang, Indonesia bertajuk ICENIS (International Conference on Energy, Environtment,

Epidemiology and Information System) 2019. ICENIS 2019 memiliki tema “ Strengthening Planning and Implementation of Energy, Environtment, Epidemiology and Information System as a Respond to Industrial Revolution 4.0”. Acara pertemuan internasional ini dihadiri oleh Keynote Speaker diantaranya adalah: Prof. Dr. Jerry R. Miller dari Western Carolina University USA, Prof. Dr.

Shabbir H. Gheewaala dari King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Thailand, Assoc.

Prof. Dr. Oki muraza dari King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Arab Saudi, Prof. Dr.

Zaenal Hasibuan dari University of Indonesia, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hamdan Said dari University Teknologi Malaysia, Dr. Eng. Maryono dari Diponegoro University.

Dosen STEKOM diwakili Bapak Daniel Yeri Kristiyanto, S.Kom., M.Si., M.Kom, Bapak Drs.

Bambang Suhartono, M.Kom dan Bapak Dr. Dr. Ir. Agus Wibowo, M.M., M.Si., M.Kom. berhasil memaparkan riset dan menjadi bagian dalam acara bergensi ini dengan judul “Digital Forensic InnoDB Database Engine For Employee Performance Appraisal Application”. Riset ini menjelaskan peran digital forensik yang tak hanya digunakan saat terjadi kejahatan cyber, namun juga dapat digunakan untuk memastikan sistem informasi yang digunakan bebas sabotase dan fair dalam menilai kinerja karyawan sebuah perusahaan, dengan kata lain digital forensik dapat digunakan untuk mencegah adanya potensi tindakan sabotase sistem informasi. Harapan dari pertemuan ini semoga dapat membawa kemanfaatan bagi civitas akademik Sekolah Tinggi Elektronika dan Komputer sehingga STEKOM dikenal di Dunia Internasional dengan karya nyata. Hadir pula dalam acara ini pemakalah dari Universitas Indonesia, ITS, IPB, ITB, dan berbagai universitas di luar Jawa. STEKOM GOES TO RISET UNIVERSITY….

Butuh Bantuan? Hubungi Kami!

(13)

4/6/2021 E3S Web of Conferences

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Volume 125 (2019)

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International Conference on Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System (ICENIS 2019)

Semarang, Indonesia, August 7-8, 2019 Hadiyanto, Budi Warsito and Maryono (Eds.)

Export the citation of the selected articles Export Select all

Open Access

About the conference

Published online: 28 October 2019 PDF (4.26 MB)

Open Access

Statement of Peer review

Published online: 28 October 2019 PDF (38 KB)

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- Environmental Conservation

Open Access

Methods and Advances in the Forensic Analysis of Contaminated Rivers

01001 Jerry Miller

Published online: 28 October 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912501001 PDF (2.492 MB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

Open Access

Biore neries for Sustainable Food-Fuel-Fibre Production: Towards a Circular Economy

01002

Shabbir H. Gheewala

Open Access

Alternatives to groundwater abstraction as a measure to stop land subsidence: a case study of Semarang, Indonesia

⁰¹⁰⁰³

Wesley Beek van, Bart Letitre, H. Hadiyanto and S. Sudarno Published online: 28 October 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912501003

 Environmental Conservation

 Environmental Policy, Planning, and Education

 Environmental Technology

 Environmental Health and Toxicology

 Environmental Epidemiology

 Pollution Control

 Waste Management

 Green Infrastructure and Resilience

 Culture and Environment Development in Coastal Community

 Energy Management and Policy

 Energy Planning and Education

 Energy Conservation and E ciency

 Energy Conversion Technology

 Renewable Energy

 Non-renewable Energy/Fossil Energy

 Epidemiology Related to Disease and Health Event Prevention and Control

 Managerial Epidemiology

 Occupational Epidemiology

 Nutritional Epidemiology

 Behavioral Epidemiology

 Business Intelligence

 Industrial Information Systems

 Decision Support Systems

 Smart Information Systems

 Health, Safety, and Environment Information Systems

By using this website, you agree that EDP Sciences may store web audience measurement cookies and, on some pages, cookies from social networks. More information and setup

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Environmental Factors and Prevalence of Hookworm infection and Strongyloidiasis in Rural East Kalimantan, Indonesia

04001

Blego Sedionoto, Sueptrakool Wasessombat, Chuchard Punsawad and Witthaya Anamnart Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Characterisation of Collagen from the Skin of Cat sh (Pangasius sp) for Innovative PVA-Collagen Nano ber

04002

Erdin Almuqoddas, Imron Hambyah, Rochmah Rizqiyanti, Agus Subagio and Ngurah Ayu Ketut Umiati Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Maintaining and Improving the Environmental Cleanliness in Semarang Municipality in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0

⁰⁴⁰⁰³

Oktiva Herry Chandra

Open Access

The Impact of CO2 Gas Emissions on Government Expenditure of Health Sector in Indonesia

⁰⁴⁰⁰⁴

Hadi Sasana, Panji Kusuma and Yuliani Setyaningsih Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Implementation of Reproductive Health Gymnastics Against Female Adolescents Hemoglobin Level

⁰⁴⁰⁰⁵

Sarah Fitria, Rr. Sri Endang Pujiastuti and Donny K. Mulyantoro Published online: 28 October 2019

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- Energy Management and Policy

Open Access

Policy on Timber Legality Veri cation System for Sustainable Public Procurement and Green Products

¹⁰⁰⁰¹

Tuharno Tuharno, Hartuti Purnaweni and Fuad Muhammad Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Revealing Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene, Xylenes (BTEX) Emission at Gas Stations, Case Study in Semarang City

¹⁰⁰⁰²

Haryono S Huboyo, Irawan W Wardhana and Aulia ka Resminingpuri Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Testing of Solar Power Plant Components O -Grid Systems and Engineering Economic Analysis at Cemara Island, Brebes Regency, Indonesia

¹⁰⁰⁰³

Jaka Windarta, Ardhito Pratama, Denis and Agung Nugroho Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

New and Renewable Energy Policy in Developing Indonesia's National Energy Resilience

¹⁰⁰⁰⁴

Sekar Anggun Gading Pinilih and Wiana Laelaputri Chairunnisa Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Energy Balance Calculation with Life Cycle Assessment for Production of Palm Biodiesel in Indonesia

10005

Yoyon Wahyono, H. Hadiyanto, Mochamad Arief Budihardjo and Widayat Published online: 28 October 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912510005

OK

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Mochammad Fahlevi, Mohamad Saparudin, Sari Maemunah, Dasih Irma and Muhamad Ekhsan Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Implementation of C4.5 Algorithm and Forward Chaining Method for Higher Education Performance Analysis

²¹⁰⁰²

Mochamad Idris, Musta d and Jatmiko Endro Suseno Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Analysis of Customer Behavior Factors on Subscription-Based Music Services

²¹⁰⁰³

Nia Budi Puspitasari, Aries Susanty and Muhammad Faiz Aji Prakoso Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

DoS Attack Prevention Using Rule-Based Sni ng Technique and Firewall in Cloud Computing

²¹⁰⁰⁴

Kagiraneza Alexis Fidele and Agus Hartanto Published online: 28 October 2019

- Industrial Information Systems

Open Access

The E ect of Socialization, Sanction, and E-Filing on Annual SPT Reporting

22001 I Nyoman Simpen, Muhammad Nur Abdi, Mochammad Fahlevi, Rinto Noviantoro and Muhtar Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

Using System Dynamics to Analyze the Leadership Style on Motivation and Soldier’s Performance

²²⁰⁰²

OK

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Open Access

Application of Internet of Things (IoT) on air pollution monitoring database system

25005

Sudarsono, Muhammad Andang Novianta and Cyrilla Indri Parwati Published online: 28 October 2019

Open Access

E ect of frequency, temperature, and time of sonication on xanton content of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) peel extract through ultrasound assisted extraction

25006

Suryono Suryono, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto, Moh. Yasin, Retno Widyowati, Mu ihatul Muniroh and Annisa` Amalia

Open Access

Hybrid Particle Swarm and Conjugate Gradient Optimization in Neural Network for Prediction of Suspended Particulate Matter

²⁵⁰⁰⁷

Budi Warsito, Alan Prahutama, Hasbi Yasin and Sri Sumiyati Published online: 28 October 2019

eISSN: 2267-1242

Mentions légales Contacts Privacy policy

 

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* Corresponding author: [email protected]

Testing of Solar Power Plant Components Off-Grid Systems and Engineering Economic Analysis at Cemara Island, Brebes Regency, Indonesia

Jaka Windarta^1,2*, Ardhito Pratama¹, Denis¹ and Agung Nugroho¹

1Magister of Energy, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang-Indonesia

2Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang-Indonesia

Abstract. Indonesia is a country that is geographically located right in the equator and variously advantage and the wide for the use of solar energy. Indonesia has a relatively high radiation level, which is 4.80 kWh / m2 / day. Cemara Island is a tourist place but does not have electricity from PLN because access to its location is still difficult to reach. So from that chosen the planning system for the use of electrical energy using solar energy. However, economic analysis is needed so that the estimated weaknesses of the off-grid solar system can be estimated so as to reduce the risk of losses. The testing of each component in the Solar Power Plant system also needs to be done to determine the condition and quality of the components to be used. The economic analysis of the Cemara Island Solar Power Plant System with an initial investment of Rp 52,553,000, in scenario 1 uses interest at 6%, then in scenario 2 without using interest. Through calculations by looking for the value of COE (Energy Cost), NPC (Net Present Cost) and BEP (Break-Even Point), so that costs can be calculated by the manager with the number of 11 managers per month.

Keywords: Cemara Island; Solar Power Plant; Off-grid; Economic Analysis; Solar Power Plant Tests.

1 Introduction

Indonesia is a country that is geographically located right on the equator and provides a variety of advantages and great potential in terms of solar energy utilization.

The energy sector is one of the most important sectors in Indonesia because it is the basis for all other developments, especially by building electricity supply infrastructure to rural areas. The use of solar energy in Indonesia has a very good prospect, given that geographically as a tropical country, across the equator it has good solar energy potential. This is because the amount of solar radiation depends on the location of latitude, atmospheric conditions, and the position of the sun on the equator. Indonesia has a relatively high radiation level which is equal to 4.80 kWh/m²/day. This is a big advantage for Indonesia in terms of the utilization and generation of solar energy into electricity.

The Cemara Island Tourism Area, Sawojajar Village, Wanasari District in Brebes Regency is a new tourist attraction that is starting to be in great demand by domestic tourists from inside and outside Brebes Regency because of the natural beauty offered by it.

Cemara Island is a small island measuring 0.12 × 5 kilometers to the north of Brebes Regency. This island offers the beauty of a charming panoramic beach with rows and cool pine trees. However, the absence of electrical energy is an obstacle for local residents to use optimal electricity services. The absence of facilities in

the form of lighting installations and electrical installations has led to not optimal coastal tourism activities and the nature of the region. So with the absence of vacant land on the island that is not used, it can be optimized with the construction of the off-grid solar power system as a source of electrical energy for the residents of the island because State Electricity Company has not been able to access the location. The way solar cells work is by utilizing the theory of light as a particle as it is known that both visible and invisible light has two properties, which can be as waves and can be particles called photons, this discovery was first revealed by Einstein in 1905 [1]. The use of solar panels as an alternative to generator sets and conventional electricity as electricity needs for residents who sell or live in the area. The writing of this final project aims to test the components of the off-grid PV system that has been planned and implemented as well as analyze the economy after the construction of the off-grid solar power system for residents in the Cemara Island Tourism Area.

2 Discussion

In this research, there are two economic analysis scenarios that used to determine the effect of interest on the value of net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE) and break-even point (BEP) [2]. In addition, collecting data directly at the Solar Power Plant in the

, (201 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201

E3S Web of Conferences125 9) 9125

ICENIS 2019

0 10003

100 3

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Alternatives to groundwater abstraction as a measure to stop land subsidence: a case study of Semarang, Indonesia

Wesley van Beek¹, Bart Letitre¹, H. Hadiyanto², and S. Sudarno³

1Environmental Science Department, Wageningen University, The Netherlands

2Master Program of Envrionmental Sciences , School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University

3Doctoral Program of Environmental Sciences, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University

Abstract. The Water as Leverage project aims to lay a blueprint for urban coastal areas around the world that are facing a variety of water-related issues. The blueprint is based upon three real case studies in Bangladesh, India and Indonesia. The case of Indonesia focuses on Semarang, a city that faces issues like flooding, increased water demand, and a lack of wastewater treatment. In this report I summarise the different techniques available to tackling these issues. Along with this I provide a cost-benefit analysis to support decision makers. For a short term it is recommended to produce industrial water from (polluted) surface water as a means to offer an alternative to groundwater abstraction. On a long term it is recommended to install additional wastewater and drinking water treatment services to facilitate better hygiene and a higher quality of life.

Keywords: Land subsidence; polluted water; flooding.

1 Introduction

In order to prepare urban areas for a resilient future, the Netherlands Special Envoy for International Water Affairs initiated a programme called “Water as leverage”

(WaL). This programme aims to provide the necessary initial investments to incentivise the further implementation of real urban water resilience projects.

WaL started pilots in three Asian cities with the prospect of laying a blueprint for other cities and regions around the world facing similar water challenges. One of these pilots is located in Semarang, Indonesia. Semarang deals with a combination of disasters, including floods, droughts, pollution and water conflicts [1]. In this report I look at the problems that Semarang is facing. Then, I review the general technical solutions to solve these issues. Finally, I compare these generic technical solutions to arrive at a recommendation.

Flooding is a big issue at the coast of Semarang causing a lot of damage to buildings and vehicles. In Semarang two types of flooding can be distinguished:

pluvial floods and coastal floods. Different causes can be pointed out for the increasing threats of floods: a decrease in infiltration capacity in the highlands, more extreme rainfall patterns, and land subsidence below the sea. Land subsidence is the biggest contributor to the increasing flood risks in coastal areas of Semarang [2]. To counter these problems dams are constructed in the highlands to retain water for usage during the dry season. Closer to the coast land is protected using dikes and the polder system.

However, the root cause for the increasing flood threats -

land subsidence- has been neglected [3]. This problem is expected to worsen and cause high costs in the future.

Therefore, immediate action to stop land subsidence is required.

The water demand in Semarang has grown from 0.5 million m³/year in 1910 to 53 million m³/year in 2000 due to the increase in population and industry [4]. The local water company (PDAM) has not been able to grow accordingly with the water demand of Semarang.

Therefore, groundwater has increasingly become a resource for domestic users and industry in Semarang [5].

However, the abstraction of groundwater depletes aquifers below the ground. This in turn is a cause for land subsidence with subsidence rates in Semarang reaching up to 10 cm/year [6]. Land subsidence increases the risks to floods and landslides [7].

Only 1% of all wastewater in Indonesia is treated [8]. Despite attempts to manage waste effectively, central domestic waste water treatment and sewer systems are still lacking and should be improved [9]. Industrial waste water treatment is governed through the PROPER mechanism. However, in reality monitoring occurs only once every five years and is mostly a formality. Hence, there still lies a big challenge ahead to (liquid) waste management in Indonesia. The pollution in rivers and other water bodies make it challenging to use surface water as a water resource. Moreover, especially when highly polluted rivers cannot flow freely they may pose a threat to human health [10].

All of the three aforementioned problems require intervention both in technical and governmental means.

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Environmental Factors and Prevalence of Hookworm infection and Strongyloidiasis in Rural East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Blego Sedionoto^1,2,*, Sueptrakool Wasessombat¹, Chuchard Punsawad³, Witthaya Anamnart⁴

1Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Thasala. 80160, Thailand.

2Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Samarinda, 75123, Indonesia

3Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thasala 80160, Thailand.

4Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thasala, 80160, Thailand

Abstract. The prevalence of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis is serious public health concern globally. In rural East Kalimantan, Indonesia has high-risk environmental factors of the prevalence of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis. In this study would show the infection rates, correlation analysis between environmental risk factors and prevalence of hookworm infection with statistical analysis. We performed a cross-sectional study among 213 participants from rural community of East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. In this study used two diagnostic methods: Kato Katz and Koga agar plate culture/KAP culture for diagnosing of hookworm and Strongyloides infections. Chi-square analysis was used for study correlation between environmental factors and hookworm infection. Hookworm, strongyloides, and ascaris infections were found in this study; 44.1%, 16.4%, and 7.5% respectively. Environmental risk factors such as; rainy season, quality of soil and infection hookworm and strongyloides in pet have significant correlation (p-value < 0.05) with hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis. The prevalence of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis has correlation with environmental factors, and the finding in this research could be contributed to decreasing program of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis especially in rural community area.

Keywords: Environmental factors; hookworm infection; strongyloidiasis; rural East Kalimantan.

1 Introduction

The prevalence of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis is serious public health concern globally. Hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis are prevalent in poor rural communities tropical and subtropical areas in many developing countries [1]. They are transmitted through in protected contact with soil are endemic in tropical and temperate regions. The prevalence of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis was estimated in 2010 that 438.9 million people were infected with hookworm and 100 million with strongyloides. Almost 70% of these infections occur in Asia. [2,3].

Hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis are transmitted through in protected contact with soil are endemic in tropical and temperate regions. Human acquires the hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis through direct skin contact with infective third-stage larvae where the soil was contaminated by human feces penetrate the intact human skin and eventually reach small intestine [4].

Generally, hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis are found among poor people with poor environmental sanitation and where the climate is warm and humid [5,6]. Factors affecting difference in

distribution of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis may include good hygiene practices among population, availability of sewerage system and the length of rainy season. Environmental factors have contributed for transmission of diseases as well as growth and development of the worms [7,8].

Environmental factors especially long rainy season may affect the decrease in prevalence of strongyloidiasis but not for hookworm infection. Prevalence of strongyloidiasis in south Thailand is lower than other parts of the country, in contrast, prevalence of hookworm infection is still high in the south. It is possible because of the failure in the control of hookworm infection due to 10 months-long rainy season in southern Thailand contrasted with 4 months-long rainy season in other parts [9]. The study in Cambodia reported the lower prevalence of strongyloidiasis in area with heavy rainfall than in low rainfall area. Moreover, high amount of soil organic carbon content affects the lower prevalence of strongyloidiasis [10]. Epidemiology study of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis in Southern Laos showed 56.1% and 41% respectively where were heavy rainfall and poor sanitation. In this study, Baerman and Kato-Katz techniques were used for detecting them [11].

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DoS Attack Prevention Using Rule-Based Sniffing Technique and Firewall in Cloud Computing

Kagiraneza Alexis Fidele^1,2*, and Agus Hartanto²

1 Data Entry and Update Taxpayer’s Registry in Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA) Kigali-Rwanda

2 Master of Information System, School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University, Semarang – Indonesia

Abstract. Nowadays, we are entering an era where the internet has become a necessary infrastructure and support that can be applied as a means of regular communication and data service. In these services, cloud- based on servers has an essential role as it can serve numerous types of devices that are interconnected with several protocols. Unfortunately, internet cloud servers become the main target of attacks such as Denial of Service (DoS), Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). These attacks have illegal access that could interfere in service functions. Sniffing techniques are typically practiced by hackers and crackers to tap data that passes through the internet network. In this paper, sniffing technique aims to identify packets that are moving across the network. This technique will distinguish packet on the routers or bridges through a sniffer tool known as snort connected to a database containing the attack pattern. If the sniffing system encounters strange patterns and recognizes them as attacks, it will notify to the firewall to separate the attacker's original Internet Protocol (IP) address. Then, communication from the attacker's host to the target will be discontinued. Consequently, the identified attack activity will stop working, and the service will proceed to run.

Keywords: Security; Sniffing and Firewall; Denial of Service attack prevention.

1 Introduction

In the latest technology, cloud computing performs a significant function in administering access to information resources instantly as desired by end-users. If users wish to communicate or obtain information resources, they necessitate the internet; here, the cloud enables its customers to use widely distributed resources on the internet to do computations. Nevertheless, the big hurdle is that security usually becomes a problem in the development of cloud computing [1].

In order to improve reliability and mitigate information system security risks, various techniques must be implemented immediately [2].

The objective of advancing the security of cloud computing is to preserve data confidentiality, integrated integrity, availability of information resources, and data accountability. Security is all needed in cloud computing, but availability is the most important thing because the primary function of cloud computing is to give services. Cloud customers demand to process information, store, and share data. Herewith, the user will suspend disbelief if the service in clouding system is inaccessible [3, 4].

At present, many people depend on information sources and communication activities in data-based environments. Clouding systems are advantageous as they can connect technology that accommodates the data and

services. Because of the service's capabilities, the cloud has long been a target by trespassers in overworking information and causing cloud computing systems unavailable to users. There are numerous types of attacks in cloud computing, and most of the attacks that cause network failures are Denial of Service (DoS) attacks and Distributed Denial of service (DDoS) [1, 5, 6, 7]. The leading disturbing cause for data availability is DDoS attacks [8].

These attacks intend to reduce network performance reasonably, through circumstances where the intended user cannot access the network. The primary purpose of DDoS is to make resources unavailable for use [9, 10].

DoS attacks accomplish this by flooding the target with traffic or sending it information that triggers a crash [11].

As a result, DoS attacks lessen network performance by targeting network bandwidth or connectivity as the victims of attacks [12].

The main target of DDoS attacks in the cloud computing environment varies, such as the types of TCP/IP services (such as web servers and FTP servers), CPU storage, and other network resources [13, 14].

Attackers can entirely reduce network performance at the expense of victims from different hosts. Attackers use techniques to scan networks, then locate machines that have the potential to have vulnerabilities. Then, the attacker uses this machine as an agent.

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