ANAK TIMBANG Koreksi
- Massa nominal = 2000 g Kode AT Std A2000 Nominal g 2000
Pembacaan Timbangan Selisih Standar 2000,00015 0,002
Test 2000,00215
Test 2000,00218 0,00204 Standar 2000,00014
•
Selisih = test – standar = 2000,00215 – 2000,00015 = 0,00200 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 2000,00218 – 2000,00014 = 0,00204 g Standar 2000,00015 0,00199
Test 2000,00214
Test 2000,00217 0,00201 Standar 2000,00016
•
Selisih = test – standar = 2000,00214 – 2000,00015 = 0,00199 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 2000,00217 – 2000,00016 = 0,00201 g
perhitungan salah/tidak sesuai
perhitungan benar
Test 2000,00213
Test 2000,00215 0,00200 Standar 2000,00015
•
Selisih = test – standar = 2000,00213 – 2000,00014 = 0,00199 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 2000,00215 – 2000,00015 = 0,00200 g Rata–rata selisih = 𝑋 =
∑ selisih𝑛𝑛
=
0,00200+0,00204+0,00199+0,00201+0,00199+0,002006
= 0,002005 g
Standar deviasi = √
∑(selisih𝑛− 𝑋̅)2𝑛−1
1. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00200 − 0,002005)
2= 2,5 × 10
-11g 2. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00204 − 0,002005)
2= 1,225 × 10
-9g 3. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00199 − 0,002005)
2= 2,25 × 10
-10g 4. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00201 − 0,002005)
2= 2,5 × 10
-11g 5. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00199 − 0,002005)
2= 2,25 × 10
-10g 6. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2=(0,00201 − 0,002005)
2= 2,5 × 10
-11g
Standar deviasi = √
2,5 × 10−11+1,225 × 10−9+2,25 × 10−10+2,5 × 10−11+2,25 × 10−10+2,5 × 10−116−1
= 1,8708286933869706927918743661583 × 10
-5g
0,00200
= 2000,00341+ 0,002005
= 2.000,005415 g - Massa nominal = 1000 g
Kode AT
Std A1000
Nominal g 1000
Pembacaan Timbangan Selisih Standar 1000,00015 0,00099
Test 1000,00114
Test 1000,00116 0,00098 Standar 1000,00018
•
Selisih = test – standar = 1000,00114 – 1 000,00015 = 0,00099 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 1000,00116 – 1000,00018 = 0,00098 g Standar 1000,00019 0,00096
Test 1000,00115
Test 1000,00118 0,00104 Standar 1000,00014
•
Selisih = test – standar = 1000,00115 – 1000,00019 = 0,00096 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 1000,00118 – 1000,00014 = 0,00104 g
0,00103 Test 1000,00118
Test 1000,00111 0,00098 Standar 1000,00013
•
Selisih = test – standar = 1000,00118– 1000,00015 = 0,00103 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 1000,00111– 1000,00013 = 0,00098 g Rata–rata selisih = 𝑋 =
∑ selisih𝑛𝑛
=
0,00099+0,00098+0,00096+0,00103+0,00104+0,000986
= 0,000996667 g
Standar deviasi = √
∑(selisih𝑛− 𝑋̅)2𝑛
1. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00099 − 0,000996667 )
2= 4,4448889 × 10
-11g 2. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00098 − 0,000996667 )
2= 2,77788889 × 10
-10g 3. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00096 − 0,000996667 )
2= 1,344468889 × 10
-9g 4. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00103 − 0,000996667 )
2= 1,111088889 × 10
-9g 5. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00104 − 0,000996667 )
2= 1,877748889 × 10
-9g 6. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00098 − 0,000996667 )
2= 2,77788889 × 10
-10g
Standar deviasi = √
5,4289 × 10−10+1,7689 × 10−10+4,489 × 10−11+4,00689 × 10−9+5,37289 × 10−9+1,7689 × 10−106−1
= 3,1411250640495039034837915902128 × 10
-5g
= 1000,00015 + 0, 000996667 = 1000,001146667 g - Massa nominal = 500 g
Kode AT
Std A500
Nominal g 500
Pembacaan Timbangan Selisih Standar 500,00015 0,00200
Test 500,00215
Test 500,00218 0,00202 Standar 500,00016
•
Selisih = test – standar = 500,00215 – 5 00,00015 = 0,00200 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 500,00218 – 5 00,00016 = 0,00202 g Standar 500,00021 0,00191
Test 500,00212
Test 500,00208 0,00189 Standar 500,00019
•
Selisih = test – standar = 500,00212 – 500,00021 = 0,00191 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 500,00208 – 500,00019 = 0,00189 g
Test 500,00213
Test 500,00215 0,00200 Standar 500,00015
•
Selisih = test – standar = 500,00213 – 500,00014 = 0,00199 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 500,00215 – 500,00015 = 0,00200 g Rata–rata selisih = 𝑋 =
∑ selisih𝑛𝑛
=
0,00200+0,00202+0,00191+0,00189+0,00199+0,002006
= 0,0019683 g
Standar deviasi = √
∑(selisih𝑛− 𝑋̅)2𝑛
1. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00200 − 0,0019683)
2= 1,00489 × 10
-9g 2. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00202 − 0,0019683)
2= 2,67289 × 10
-9g 3. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00191 − 0,0019683)
2= 3,39889 × 10
-9g
4. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2(selisih
1− 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00189 − 0,0019683)
2= 6,13089 × 10
-9g 5. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00199 − 0,0019683)
2= 4,7089 × 10
-10g
6. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00200 − 0,0019683)
2= 1,00489 × 10
-9g
Standar deviasi = √
1,00489 × 10−9+2,67289 × 10−9+3,39889 × 10−9+6,13089 × 10−9+4,7089 × 10−10+1,00489 × 10−96−1
= 5,4191032468481351125821184281239 × 10
-5g
= 500,00017 + 0,0019683 = 500,0021383g
- Massa nominal = 200 g Kode AT
Std A200
Nominal g 200
Pembacaan Timbangan Selisih Standar 200,00015 0,00296
Test 200,00311
Test 200,00308 0,00296 Standar 200,00012
•
Selisih = test – standar = 200,00311 – 200,00015 = 0,00296 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 200,00308 – 200,00012 = 0,00296 g Standar 200,00013 0,00299
Test 200,00312
Test 200,00318 0,00303 Standar 200,00015
•
Selisih = test – standar = 200,00312 – 200,00013 = 0,00299 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 200,00318 – 200,00015 = 0,00303 g
Test 200,00306
Test 200,00311 0,00299 Standar 200,00012
•
Selisih = test – standar = 200,00306 – 200,00018 = 0,00288 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 200,00311 – 200,00012 = 0,00299 g Rata–rata selisih = 𝑋 =
∑ selisih𝑛𝑛
=
0,00296+0,00296+0,00299+0,00303+0,00288+0,002996
= 0,0029683 g
Standar deviasi = √
∑(selisih𝑛− 𝑋̅)2𝑛
1. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00296 − 0, 0029683 )
2= 6,889 × 10
-11g 2. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00296 − 0, 0029683 )
2= 6,889 × 10
-11g 3. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00299 − 0, 0029683 )
2= 4,7089 × 10
-10g 4. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00303 − 0, 0029683 )
2= 3,80689 × 10
-9g 5. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00288 − 0, 0029683 )
2= 7,79689 × 10
-9g 6. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00299 − 0, 0029683 )
2= 4,7089 × 10
-10g
Standar deviasi = √
6,889 × 10−11+6,889 × 10−11+4,7089 × 10−10+3,80689 × 10−9+7,79689× 10−9+4,7089 × 10−106−1
= 5,0365345228639106390754982705241 × 10
-5g
= 199,99996 + 0, 0029683 = 200,0029283 g
- Massa nominal = 100 g Kode AT
Std A100
Nominal g 100
Pembacaan Timbangan Selisih Standar 100,00015 0,00391
Test 100,00406
Test 100,00409 0,00396 Standar 100,00013
•
Selisih = test – standar = 100,00406 – 1 00,00015 = 0,00391 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 100,00409 – 100,00013 = 0,00396 g Standar 100,00015 0,00397
Test 100,00412
Test 100,00413 0,00401 Standar 100,00012
•
Selisih = test – standar = 100,00412 – 100,00015 = 0,00397 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 100,00413 – 100,00012 = 0,00401 g
Test 100,00407
Test 100,00409 0,00401 Standar 100,00008
•
Selisih = test – standar = 100,00407 – 100,00011 = 0,00396 g
•
Selisih = test – standar = 100,00409 – 100,00008 = 0,00401 g Rata–rata selisih = 𝑋 =
∑ selisih𝑛𝑛
=
0,00391+0,00396+0,00397+0,00401+0,00396+0,004016
= 0,00397 g
Standar deviasi = √
∑(selisih𝑛− 𝑋̅)2𝑛
1. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00391 − 0, 00397 )
2= 3,6 × 10
-9g 2. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00396 − 0, 00397 )
2= 1 × 10
-10g 3. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00397 − 0, 00397 )
2= 0 g
4. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00401 − 0, 00397 )
2= 1,6 × 10
-9g 5. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00396 − 0, 00397 )
2= 1 × 10
-10g 6. (selisih − 𝑋̅)
2= (0,00401 − 0, 00397 )
2= 1,6 × 10
-9g
Standar deviasi = √
3,6 × 10−9+1 × 10−10+0+1,6 × 10−9+1 × 10−10+1,6 × 10−96−1
= 3,7416573867739413855837487323165 × 10
-5g
Massa terkoreksi = Massa konvensional AT standar + 𝑋
𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑖ℎ= 100,00007 + 0,00397 = 100,00404 g
Nominal : 2000 g
Komponen Penyumbang
Ketidakpastian Satuan Distribusi U Pembagi Vi
Ui
(U/Pembagi) Ci UiCi (UiCi)2 (UiCi)4/Vi
Anak Timbang Standar
U = √∑ 𝑈95 𝐴𝑇 𝑆𝑇𝐷2 g Normal 0,00004 2 60 0,00002 1 0,00002 4
×
10-10 2,667×
10-21Drift Anak Timbang Standar g Rektangular 0 √3 1000 0 1 0 0 0
Koreksi buoyancy udara
U = 10% × massa jenis udara g Rektangular 0,0001184519 √3 1000
6,83882363510 2263209506124 043314
×
10-51
6,83882363510 226320950612 4043314
×
10-54,6769508712 033333333333 333333333
×
10-9
2,18738694516 4961866191467 7777778
×
10-20Readability timbangan
U = (
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖2
)* √2
g Rektangular7,07106781186 5475244008443 6210485
×
10-6√3 50
4,08248290463 8630163662140 1245098
×
10-61
4,08248290463 863016366214 01245098
×
10-6
1,6667
×
10-11 5,5556×
10-24Repeatability penimbangan g Normal
1,870828693 38697069279 18743661583
× 10
-5√10 9
5,91607978309 9616042567328 2915617
× 10
-61
5,91607978309 961604256732 82915617
×
10
-63,5000000000 000000000000 000000001
×
10
-111,36111111111 1111111111111 1111112
× 10
-22
Sensitivitas timbangan U =
√(∆𝑚𝑐 ̅̅̅̅̅̅)
2× (
𝑈2𝑚𝑠𝑚2𝑚𝑠
+
𝑈2(∆𝐼𝑠)∆𝐼2𝑠
)
g Rektangular 0,00057879364
4845303 √3 1000
3,34166666656 6803378333343 2162176
×
10-41
3,34166666656 680337833334 32162176
×
10-4
1,1166736110 443691467426 705393633
×
10-7
1,24695995360 2871031622222 219131
×
10-17Sums,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4
𝑉𝑖 ; g 564024800760
038726966
×
10-71,24942820721 9147104599524 7980199
×
10-17Ketidakpastian baku gabungan, (Uc=√∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2); g 3,41754266945769453998740321
72665
×
10-4 Derajat kebebasan efektif, Veff = 𝑈𝑐4
∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4 𝑉𝑖
; g 1.091,8034846707717326027727
528576
Faktor cakupan, k-student’s untuk Veff dan CL 95 % 1,96
Ketidak pastian bentangan, U = k.uc; g 6,69838363213708129837531030
58423
×
10-4Nominal : 1000 g
Komponen Penyumbang
Ketidakpastian Satuan Distribusi U Pembagi Vi
Ui
(U/Pembagi) Ci UiCi (UiCi)2 (UiCi)4/Vi
Anak Timbang Standar
U = √∑ 𝑈95 𝐴𝑇 𝑆𝑇𝐷2 g Normal 0,00004 2 60 0,00002 1 0,00002 4
×
10-10 2,667×
10-21Drift Anak Timbang Standar g Rektangular 0 √3 1000 0 1 0 0 0
Koreksi buoyancy udara
U = 10% × massa jenis udara g Rektangular 0,0001184519 √3 1000
6,83882363510 2263209506124 043314
×
10-51
6,83882363510 226320950612 4043314
×
10-54,6769508712 033333333333 333333333
×
10-9
2,18738694516 4961866191467 7777778
×
10-20U = (
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖2
)* √2
g Rektangular 5475244008443 6210485×
10-6√3 50 8630163662140 1245098
×
10-61 863016366214 01245098
×
10-6
1,6667
×
10-11 5,5556×
10-24Repeatability penimbangan g Normal
3,141125064 04950390348 37915902128
× 10
-5√10 9
9,93310961783 8715868079227 4847112
× 10
-61
9,93310961783 871586807922 74847112
×
10
-69,8666666679 999999999999 999999998
×
10
-111,08167901263 8024691377777 7777777
× 10
-21
Sensitivitas timbangan U =
√(∆𝑚𝑐 ̅̅̅̅̅̅)
2× (
𝑈2𝑚𝑠𝑚2𝑚𝑠
+
𝑈2(∆𝐼𝑠)∆𝐼2𝑠
)
g Rektangular 0,00028771288
4152706 √3 1000
1,66111111114 8884217945030 3201844
×
10-41
1,66111111114 888421794503 03201844
×
10-4
2,7592901235 822807783842 374145333
×
10-8
7,61368198609 8718330555807 2984935
×
10-19Sums,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4
𝑉𝑖 ; g
3,2785185773 706141117175 707478666
×
10-8
7,86996302674 1594764088731 8540491
×
10-19Ketidakpastian baku gabungan, (Uc=√∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2); g 1,81066799203239192613852797
1225
×
10-4 Derajat kebebasan efektif, Veff = 𝑈𝑐4
∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4 𝑉𝑖
; g 1.365,7858398623912164943495
697323
Faktor cakupan, k-student’s untuk Veff dan CL 95 % 1,96
Ketidak pastian bentangan, U = k.uc; g 3,54890926438348817523151482
3601
×
10-4Komponen Penyumbang
Ketidakpastian Satuan Distribusi U Pembagi Vi
Ui
(U/Pembagi) Ci UiCi (UiCi)2 (UiCi)4/Vi
Anak Timbang Standar
U = √∑ 𝑈95 𝐴𝑇 𝑆𝑇𝐷2 g Normal 0,00004 2 60 0,00002 1 0,00002 4
×
10-10 2,667×
10-21Drift Anak Timbang Standar g Rektangular 0 √3 1000 0 1 0 0 0
Koreksi buoyancy udara
U = 10% × massa jenis udara g Rektangular 0,0001184519 √3 1000
6,83882363510 2263209506124 043314
×
10-51
6,83882363510 226320950612 4043314
×
10-54,6769508712 033333333333 333333333
×
10-9
2,18738694516 4961866191467 7777778
×
10-20Readability timbangan
U = (
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖2
)* √2
g Rektangular7,07106781186 5475244008443 6210485
×
10-6√3 50
4,08248290463 8630163662140 1245098
×
10-61
4,08248290463 863016366214 01245098
×
10-6
1,6667
×
10-11 5,5556×
10-24Repeatability penimbangan g Normal
5,41910324684 8135112582118 4281239 × 10-5
√10 9
1,71367091356 5378806391734 2119476
× 10
-51
1,71367091356 537880639173 42119476
×
10
-52,936668 × 10-10
9,58224326913 7777777777777 7777778
× 10
-21 Sensitivitas timbangan
U =
√(∆𝑚𝑐 ̅̅̅̅̅̅)
2× (
𝑈2𝑚𝑠𝑚2𝑚𝑠
+
𝑈2(∆𝐼𝑠)∆𝐼2𝑠
)
g Rektangular 0,00056820888
9927483 √3 1000
3,28055555555 5707456963207 3184896
×
10-41
3,28055555555 570745696320 73184896
×
10-4
1,0762044753 087416395099 9571763
×
10-7
1,15821607267 4563893214309 7970558
×
10-17Sums,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4
𝑉𝑖 ; g 207749728433
290509633
×
10-76642632858279 0426114
×
10-17Ketidakpastian baku gabungan, (Uc=√∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2); g 3,36166227039655929330997775
04602
×
10-4 Derajat kebebasan efektif, Veff = 𝑈𝑐4
∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4 𝑉𝑖
; g 1.099,3826946908148544276854
036923
Faktor cakupan, k-student’s untuk Veff dan CL 95 % 1,96
Ketidak pastian bentangan, U = k.uc; g 6,58885804997725621488755639
0902
×
10-4Nominal : 200 g
Komponen Penyumbang
Ketidakpastian Satuan Distribusi U Pembagi Vi
Ui
(U/Pembagi) Ci UiCi (UiCi)2 (UiCi)4/Vi
Anak Timbang Standar
U = √∑ 𝑈95 𝐴𝑇 𝑆𝑇𝐷2 g Normal 0,00004 2 60 0,00002 1 0,00002 4
×
10-10 2,667×
10-21Drift Anak Timbang Standar g Rektangular 0 √3 1000 0 1 0 0 0
Koreksi buoyancy udara
U = 10% × massa jenis udara g Rektangular 0,0001184519 √3 1000
6,83882363510 2263209506124 043314
×
10-51
6,83882363510 226320950612 4043314
×
10-54,6769508712 033333333333 333333333
×
10-9
2,18738694516 4961866191467 7777778
×
10-20Readability timbangan
U = (
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖2
)* √2
g Rektangular7,07106781186 5475244008443 6210485
×
10-6√3 50
4,08248290463 8630163662140 1245098
×
10-61 863016366214 01245098
×
10-6
1,6667
×
10-11 5,5556×
10-24Repeatability penimbangan g Normal
5,03653452286 3910639075498 2705241 × 10-5
√10 9
1,59269206063 1935215273396 25329
× 10
-51
1,59269206063 193521527339 625329
× 10
-52,536668 × 10-10
7,14964949135 9999999999999 9999998
× 10
-21 Sensitivitas timbangan
U =
√(∆𝑚𝑐 ̅̅̅̅̅̅)
2× (
𝑈2𝑚𝑠𝑚2𝑚𝑠
+
𝑈2(∆𝐼𝑠)∆𝐼2𝑠
)
g Rektangular 0,00085688402
4520768 √3 1000
4,94722222221 3552891320188 2198311
×
10-41
4,94722222221 355289132018 82198311
×
10-4
2,4475007715 963604503068 776994133
×
10-7
5,99026002696 4779765195626 4985239
×
10-17Sums,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4
𝑉𝑖 ; g
2,5009736183 083937836402 110327466
×
10-7
5,99342963441 9080727061817 9663017e-17
Ketidakpastian baku gabungan, (Uc=√∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2); g 5,00097352353358673891917298
99423
×
10-4 Derajat kebebasan efektif, Veff = 𝑈𝑐4
∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4 𝑉𝑖
; g 1.043,6210018307554404750064
127666
Faktor cakupan, k-student’s untuk Veff dan CL 95 % 1,96
Ketidak pastian bentangan, U = k.uc; g 9,80190810612583000828157906
02869
×
10-4Komponen Penyumbang
Ketidakpastian Satuan Distribusi U Pembagi Vi
Ui
(U/Pembagi) Ci UiCi (UiCi)2 (UiCi)4/Vi
Anak Timbang Standar
U = √∑ 𝑈95 𝐴𝑇 𝑆𝑇𝐷2 g Normal 0,00004 2 60 0,00002 1 0,00002 4
×
10-10 2,667×
10-21Drift Anak Timbang Standar g Rektangular 0 √3 1000 0 1 0 0 0
Koreksi buoyancy udara
U = 10% × massa jenis udara g Rektangular 0,0001184519 √3 1000
6,83882363510 2263209506124 043314
×
10-51
6,83882363510 226320950612 4043314
×
10-54,6769508712 033333333333 333333333
×
10-9
2,18738694516 4961866191467 7777778
×
10-20Readability timbangan
U = (
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑖2
)* √2
g Rektangular7,07106781186 5475244008443 6210485
×
10-6√3 50
4,08248290463 8630163662140 1245098
×
10-61
4,08248290463 863016366214 01245098
×
10-6
1,6667
×
10-11 5,5556×
10-24Repeatability penimbangan g Normal
3,74165738677 3941385583748 7323165 × 10-5
√10 9
1,18321595661 9923208513465 6583123
× 10
-51
1,18321595661 992320851346 56583123
×
10
-51,4
× 10
-102,17777777777 7777777777777 7777777
× 10
-21 Sensitivitas timbangan
U =
√(∆𝑚𝑐 ̅̅̅̅̅̅)
2× (
𝑈2𝑚𝑠𝑚2𝑚𝑠
+
𝑈2(∆𝐼𝑠)∆𝐼2𝑠
)
g Rektangular 0,00114604028
434144 √3 1000
6,61666666666 6856369238878 1003872
×
10-41
6,61666666666 685636923887 81003872
×
10-4
4,3780277777 780288175150 042453333
×
10-7
1,91671272229 9602527837963 4241568
×
10-16Sums,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2,∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4
𝑉𝑖 ; g 900621508483
375786666
×
10-71,91697996432 7896801802360 3487124
×
10-16Ketidakpastian baku gabungan, (Uc=√∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)2); g 6,65609792332569439554031775
52816
×
10-4 Derajat kebebasan efektif, Veff = 𝑈𝑐4
∑(𝑈𝑖𝐶𝑖)4 𝑉𝑖
; g 1.023,9087080833419398062960
692788
Faktor cakupan, k-student’s untuk Veff dan CL 95 % 1,96
Ketidak pastian bentangan, U = k.uc; g 0,00130459519297183610152590
228004