ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING
Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal IMPACT FACTOR: 2.104 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) UGC APPROVED NO. 48767
Vol.03, Issue 03, March 2018 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE
Paper Id /Ajeee-1121
tSusUnz ds miU;klksa esa izse ifjokj vkSj ifo=rk
MkWŒjkpuk lgk;d iz/;kid
nhun;ky]ljdkjh efgyk IkhŒTkhŒegkfo|ky;
jkthiqje y[kuÅ mRrj izns'k vk/kqfud lkfgfR;d fo/kkvksa esa miU;kl ,d
,slh fo/kk gS ftlus ekuo ds O;ogkj mldh fof”k’Vrk] tkfVyrk rFkk vUr% laca/kksa dks ok.kh iznku fd;k gSA le; vkSj lekt ds cnyus ds lkFk gh ml lekt esa jgus okyksa dh oSpkfjdrk Hkh cnyrh gS vkSj bl cnyrs le; o lekt dk lk{kh Loa; jpukdkj Hkh gksrk gSA ge tSusUnz ds miU;klksa ds ek/;e ls L=h Lora=rk laca/kh os fopkj ns[krs gS ftUgksusa Hkfo’; esa vkus okys L=h foe”kZ ds fy, ,d jkg cukbZA
tSusUnz euksfo”ys’k.koknh miU;kldkj gSa vkSj bUgksaus 1929 ls 1985 rd dqy 12 miU;kl lkfgR; txr dks fn;s ftuesa mUgksaus ijEijkxr uSfrdrk dk [k.Mu fd;kA ;s uSfrdrk iq:’kksa }kjk fL=;ksa ds fy, cukbZ xbZ uSfrdrk FkhA os L=h ds izfr ubZ n`f’V ysdj lkfgR; esa vk;s vkSj mls mlds vf/kdkjksa ds izfr lpsr fd;kA
Hkkjrh; lekt esa if.Mrk jekckbZ] ,uh txUukFku] :DekckbZ] lkfo=hckbZ Qwys] egknsoh tSlh ukjh usr`Rodkjh “kfDr;ksa ds ek/;e ls ukjhoknh psruk ds mHkjus ls Hkkjr esa L=h foe”kZ us viuh jkg cukbZ vkSj vk/kh nqfu;k dk vfLrRo mldh vfLerk o mldk Hkfo’; L=h foe”kZ dk eqn~nk cuk vkSj rc fir`lRrkRed O;oLFkk o iq:’k opZLo ij loky [kM++s gksus yxsA tSusUnz ds miU;klksa dks ge vkt ds L=h foe”kZ dh i`’BHkwfe ds :i esa ns[k ldrs gaSA
L=h Lora=rk dk vFkZ “kks’k.k ls eqfDr gS pkgs og lkekftd vkfFkZd gks ;k nSfgd gksA tSusUnz vius lHkh L=h ik=ksa dks Lora=rk nsrs gSa fdUrq mudh viuh lhek gSA muds miU;kl izse ds f=dks.k ij vk/kkfjr gaSA vkt ls vLlh uCcs lky igys gh L=h dks izse djus o fookgsrj laca/kksa dh NwV nsrs gSaA os bl izdkj ds izse
laca/k dks vLoHkkfod ugha ekursA muds miU;klksa dh lHkh ukf;dk;sa fookgsRrj izse laca/k ds ckn Hkh vius ifjokj dks cpk ysrh gSaA os ifjokj dks egRo nsrs gaSA vr% mls cpkus dk gj iz;kl Hkh vius ik=ksa ls djokrs gSaA *lquhrk*
miU;kl dh ,d ik= dgrh gS fd ^^eSa bl ?kj ls VwVdj tkÅ¡xh rks thÅ¡xh ugh---?kj ca/ku gS rks gks] ysfdu eq>s rks eks{k Hkh ;gk¡ gh ikuk gS&1
tSusUnz ds miU;kl lquhrk] fooZr] O;rhr]
lq[knk] n’kkdZ] vukeLokeh vkfn dh L=h ik=
f”kf{kr gaSA vkfFkZd :i ls Lora= Hkh gSa RkFkk izse o fookgsRrj izse laca/k esa Hkh gSa fdUrq vUr%
mudk ?kj okilh ls gh gksrk gS os vUrr%
ifjokj dks gh Lohdkjrh gaS vkSj ifjokj Hkh lekt ds [kkfrj cpkrh gSa D;ksafd os lekt dks rksM+uk ugha pkgrhA ;s lHkh L=h ik= ekurh gSa fd Þlekt VwVk fd fQj ge fdlds Hkhrj cussaxsa\ ;k fd fdlds Hkhrj fcxMs+xsaßA&2
dqy feykdj tSusUnz L=h dks x`gLFkh]
ekr`Ro] lrhRo ds ca/ku esa ck¡/kdj j[krs gSa ftlls ifjokj cpk jg lds vkSj lekt VwVus u ik;sA fdUrq ;g Hkh iq:’k }kjk L=h dks vuq”kkflr djus dk rjhdk ek= gS vr% vkt dk L=h foe”kZ bldk Hkh fojks/k djrk gS D;ksafd
^^ifjokj L=h ds fy, [kqyh nklrk gS tks mldh jpukRed] ckSf)d “kfDr dks u’V djrk gSA**&3 vkt ifjokj dh lajpuk fir`d gksus ds dkj.k bls mRihMudkjh ekuk x;k gS fdUrq tSusUnz ifjokj dks O;fDr ds fodkl dk dsUnz Lohdkjrs gaSA
uSfrdrk ftldk lh/kk laca/k L=h dh nSfgd ifo=rk ls gS vkSj tSusUnz dk nSfgd ifo=rk ij tksj jgk gSA os izse laca/kksa dh
ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING
Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal IMPACT FACTOR: 2.104 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) UGC APPROVED NO. 48767
Vol.03, Issue 03, March 2018 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE
Paper Id /Ajeee-1121
Lora=rk rks nsrs gSa fdUrq nSfgd laca/kksa dks ughaA lq[knk] O;rhr] foorZ vkfn miU;klksa dh ukf;dk;sa ijaiq:’k ds vkxs leiZ.k djus ds ckn Hkh “kjhj cpk ysrh gSa vkSj pfj=ghu dgh tkus ls cp tkrh gSaA tSusUnz Platonic love dh ckr djrs gaS ftlesa izse dks Hkkouk dh xgjkb;ksa esa rks ys tkrs gSa ij “kjhj ds Lrj ij tkus nsrs ls cpkrs gSaA dqy feykdj os fL=;ksa dks eqDr
;kSukpj.k dh Lora=rk ugha nsrs vkSj u gh ijEijkxr uSfrdrk dk gh ikyu djrs gSa mudh fLFkfr chp dh gS ftlesa os uSfrdrk dh lhek dks FkksM+k foLrkj ek= ns nsrs gSaA
muds miU;kl *R;kxi=* dh ik=
e`.kky rFkk vukeLokeh dh ik= mfnrk dks os nSfgd Lora=rk Hkh nsrs fn[krs gSaA ftlesa mfnrk ek= ,slh ik= gS tks fookg iwoZ gh xHkZ /kkj.k djrh gS vkSj fcuk fdlh iNrkoss ds mls j[krh Hkh gSa tSusUnz fy[krs gSa&^^,e,0 gksus ls iwoZ gh mfnrk dfBukbZ esa iMhA lko/kku jgrs Hkh xHkZ Bgjk ftlls NwVuk mls t:jh u yxk---cPpk gqvk] ,e, gqbZA**&4
vukeLokeh 1974 dh d`rh gS vkSj mfnrk vk/kqfud L=hA ledkyhu L=h foe”kZ ftl nSfgd Lora=rk dh crk djrk gS tSusUnz mfnrk dks og Lora=rk Hkh ns nsrs gSa ;gk¡ iqjkuh e;kZnk VwVrh gS vkSj uSfrdrk dh ubZ lhek fu/kkZfjr gksrh gS ftl “khy yTtk esa iq:’k us L=h dks vuq”kkflr fd;k Fkk tSusUnz mls rksM+us dk iz;kl djrs gSaA tks”kh th dgrs gS ^^ ij
;g dsoy tSusUnz gh gSa ftUgksus izse dh vuqHkwfr vkSj mlds izHkko ls L=h thou esa bruh Lora=rk yk lds dh ikjaifjd ekU;rkvksa ls vyx mlus viuh lkFkZDrk ns[kh vkSj
ifjikVhc) uSfrdrk ls FkksMh Lora=rk Hkh ys ldhßA& 5
dqy feykdj tSusUnz vius le; esa L=h dks vkfFkZd] “kSf{kd izse dh Lora=rk ds lkFk gh nSfgd Lora=rk Hkh nsrs gSa tks cM+h ckr gS ysfdu izse djus dh NwV nsus rFkk nSfgd Lora=rk nsus ds ckn Hkh os ifjokj dks fNUu fHkUu ugha djrsA muds lHkh ik= ifjokj ls foeq[k ugha gksrs vkSj viuh ifj.kfr ifjokj esa gh ns[krs gSa dqy feykdj Þ;s ukfj;k¡ Lora=
O;fDrRo dh ryk”k esa HkVdrh gSa bl dkj.k buesa vkRefo”okl dh detksjh gS] dHkh ifr ij fuHkZj rks dHkh O;fDrRo dh Lora=rk ds la?k’kZ ds }Sr ls ukjh ik= xksrk [kkus yxrh gSa mlds fopkj izse nkEiR; thou vkSj Lora=rk ds la?k’kZ esa dksYgw dh rjg bnZ fxnZ ?kwers gSaßA&6 vkSj }Un dh fLFkfr ds dkj.k gh os lHkh ekufld ihM+k lgrh gSa vkSj vkReihM+u dh ewfrZ cu tkrh gSaA
1. lquhrk@tSusUnz@i`’B 30@laLdj.k 2001@iwoksZn; izdk”ku
2. tSusUnz@R;kxi=@ i`’B 62@ laLdj.k 2000@ iwoksZn; izdk”ku
3. ukjhoknh foe”kZ@jkds”k dqekj@i`’B 13@laLdj.k 2001@vk/kkj izdk”ku iapdwy
4. vukeLokeh@tSusUnz@i`’B 83@laLdj.k 2000@iwoksZn; izdk”ku
5. tSusUnz dh uSfrdrk@T;ksfr’k tks”kh@i`’B 109@laLdj.k 1998@
iwoksZn; izdk”ku
6. foey lgL= cq)s@ fgUnh miU;klksa esa ukjh dk euksoSKkfud fo”ys’k.k@ i`’B 359@ laLdj.k 1974@ iqLrd laLFkku
