ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ،ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺰﻴﺨﺑﺁ ﻭ ﻊﺗﺮﻣ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ۶۵
ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ ، ۱۳۹۱ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺯﺍ ، ۳۵۱
ﺎﺗ ۳۵۹
۳۵۱
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻐﺗ ﻴﻴ ﺮ ﮑﻔﺗ ﺕﺭﺪﻗ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻴ
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏ ﻲ
ﺲﮑﻋ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﺍﻮﻫ ﻲﻳ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﺭﺍﺯ
ﻥﺎﻳﻭﺭ ﻙﻮﻠﻣ
۱*
ﻱﺮﻬﭙﺳ ﻝﺩﺎﻋ ، ﻲﻨﻴﻫﺎﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﻠﺳ ﻝﻮﺳﺮﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻭ ٢
٣
ﻍﺭﺎﻓ۱
ﺼﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻴ ﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻞ ﻲ
ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ،ﻥﺎﮔﺮﮔ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻌﺗﺮﻣ ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ
ﺭﺎﻴﺸﻧﺍﺩ۲
ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ،ﻥﺎﮔﺮﮔ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺰﻴﺨﺑﺁ ﻭ ﻊﺗﺮﻣ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ
ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ،ﻥﺎﮔﺮﮔ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺖﺴﻳﺯ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻭ ﺕﻼﻴﺷ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﻴﺸﻧﺍﺩ۳
) ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ : ۷ / ۱۰ / ۸۹ ، ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺐﻳﻮﺼﺗ : ۳ / ۱۱ / ۹۰ (
ﻩﺪﻴﻜﭼ
ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻦﻓ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ
ﻨﺳ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺶﺠ ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻠﻛ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩ
ﻲﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻣﺍ ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘﺳﺩ
ﻲﻳﺰﺟ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺗ
ﻲ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ،ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﻭ ﺮﺘﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ،ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ .
ﻩﺭﺍﻮﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﭼﺮﮔﺍ ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻳ ﮑﻔﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻴ
ﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﮏ ﻩﺭﺍﻮﻫﺎﻣ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﺮ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ
Geo eye
، ۱
Worldview
ﻭ ۲
Worldview
ﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻳ ﺮ
ﻘﻣ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﻴ ﻣﺯ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺱﺎ ﻴ
ﻣ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻦ ﻲ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺯﻮﻨﻫ ﺎﻣﺍ ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ
ﻩﺩﺎﺳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻢﻛ ﻭ ﺮﺗ
ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻚﺒﺳ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﻤﻴﭘﺍﻮﻫ ﻥﻮﭽﻤﻫ ﻱﺮﺗ ،ﺩﺮﺑ
ﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺭﺪﻳﻼﮔ ،ﺖﻳﺎﻛ ﻳ
ﺋﺰﺟ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﻭﺭ ﻦ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﮐ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺕﺎﻴ
ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ
ﻴ ﺩﺮ .
ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻌﺗ ﻴﻴ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻦ ﻭ
ﻬﺗ ﻴ ﺲﮑﻋ ﻪ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻘﻣ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﻴ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺱﺎ ﮔ
ﻴ ﺮ ﻱ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻴ ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﺭﺩ
ﺘﺷﺩ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﻲ
ﺍ ﻳ ﻪﭽﻨ ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻥﻭﺮﺑ .
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻴ ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺍ ﻱ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﻧﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ
ﺎ ﻱ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ .
ﺎﺑ
ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ٥
، ١٠ ، ٢٥ ، ٥٠ ﻭ ١٠٠ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺮﺘﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﺍﻮﻫ ﻲﻳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ
. ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﮔ ﻴ ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺍ ﻱ ﻪﺑ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﺭ ﻲ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻥﺩﺮﮐ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻳ
ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﮏ ﺭﻮﻛﺬﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻌﺗ ، ﻴﻴ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻦ
ﻪﺑ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﺰﺠﺗ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻳ
ﺭﺍﻭ ﻪ ﻳ ﺎﺘﻧ ﺲﻧﺎ ﻳ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺞ ﮔ ﻴ ﺮ ﻱ ﻣﺯ ﻴ ﻨ ﻲ ﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻳ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺞ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻳ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺯﺍ ﮏ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ
ﺎﻘﻣ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻳ
ﺩﺮﮔ ﻪﺴ ﻳ ﺪ . ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺎﺗ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ١٠٠ ﺘﺧﺍ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼ ﻣ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩ
ﻲ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻬﺗ ﻴ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪ
ﺭﺍﺎﻧ ﻳ ﺒ ﻲ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺘﺤﺻ ﻭ ﺖﻗﺩ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺯ ﻲ
ﻣﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﻝﺩﺎﻌﻣ ﻴ
ﻨ ﻲ ﺑ ﺖﻌﺳﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ ﻴ
ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺮﺘﺸ .
ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ
ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ،ﻭﺭ ١٠٠
ﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺖﻗﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮ ﻊﻴﺳﻭ ﺪﻳﺩ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
ﺭﺍﺯ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ .
ﻪﺑ ﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻲ ﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺪﺳﺭ ﻳ ﮑﻔﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﺶ ﻴ
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏ ﻲ ﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﻴ ﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻦ ﻲ
ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺮﺜﮐﺍﺪﺣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺍﺮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱ
ﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﻴ
ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﻓﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺍﺰ ﻳ ﺪﻫﺩ ﺶ .
ﻩﮊﺍﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺪﻴﻠﻛ : ﺲﻜﻋ ،ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ،ﺭﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ،ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ
،ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﺯ
* ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :
ﻦﻔﻠﺗ : ۳۷۱۶۶۵۸
‐ ۰۹۱۱ ﺲﻛﺎﻓ : ۳۳۲۰۰۰۳
‐ ۰۱۷۱ E-mail: [email protected]
٣٥٢
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺲﮑﻋ ﻲﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏﻴﮑﻔﺗ ﺕﺭﺪﻗ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ...
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﺯﺍ
ﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻳ ﮏ ﻦﻓ ﭘ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻴ ﺖﻓﺮﺸ -
ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺯ ﻳ ﺩﺎ ﻱ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﺪﻣ
ﻳ ﺮ ﻳ ﺖ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ -
ﺒﻃ ﻴ ﻌ ﻲ ﻣﺯ ﻴ ﻦ ﺍ ﻳ ﺎﻔ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ . ﻪﺑ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﮏﭼﻮﮐ ﺡﻮﻄﺳ ﻭ
ﻠﺤﻣ ﻲ
، ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻮﻫﺎﻣ
ﻩﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻝﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻴ ﮑﻔﺗ ﺖ ﻴ ﺰﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﮏ ﻳ
ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻢﮐ ﻪﻨ ﻮﺑ ،ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ
ﻳ ﺎﺑ ﻩﮋ
ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻳ
ﺖ ﻬﺗ ﻴ ﻪ ﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻳ ﻟﺪﺑ ﺮ ﻴ ﺮﺤﺗ ﻞ ﻳ ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻢ ﻱ
ﻧ ﺭﻭﺪﻘﻣ ﻴ ﺖﺴ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﮑﻣﺍ ﻭﺭ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ
ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻭﺎﺼﺗ
ﻳ ﺮ
ﻩﺭﺍﻮﻫﺎﻣ ﺍ ﻱ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ
ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﺋﺰﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ
)
Nogami et al., 2001
( . ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻲﺋﺎﻫ ﻪﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ
ﻥﺁ ﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳﺁ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ
ﺍﺮﻓ ﺍﺭ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻭ ﻲﺋﺰﺟ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ
،ﺪﻧﺭﻭﺁ ﻢﻫ ﺰﺋﺎﺣ
ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ .
ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ
ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ
،ﺖﻳﺎﻛ
،ﺎﻤﻴﭘﺍﻮﻫ ﺭﻮﺗﻮﻣ
،ﺭﺪﻳﻼﮔ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺮﻴﻏ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ
ﺲﻜﻋ ﺎﻫ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ
)
(Sky Cam, 2009
ﺎﺑ
ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ
ﺭﺩ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺍ ﻩﺮﻳﺰﺟ ﺖﻛﻮﻓ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻠﻳﺎﺗ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ
ﻜﻋ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺲ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻲﻣﻮﻴﻠﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ
،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻠﻫ -
ﺮﺘﭘﻮﻛ ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ
،ﺪﻧﺍ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻱﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ . ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣﻮﻴﻠﻫ ﺵﺯﺮﻟ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻧ ﺩﺭﺍﺪ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﺖﻳﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺯ
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺖﺳﺍ
.
Lee & Work, 1992)
( ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻫ ﻱﺎ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ
ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ
،ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺍ ﺯ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ
ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﻛ .
،ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ
ﻱﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ) ﺕﻼﭘ (،
ﺵﻭﺭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻭ
ﻦﻓ ﺁ ﻱﺭﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﻛ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺞ
ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺲﻜﻋ
ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ .
)
Piwowar et al., 1993
(
ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﺨﻳ ﺭﻭﺎﻨﺷ ﺪﻨﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺎﺑ
ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﺖﺴﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻪﭼﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ .
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ
ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻴﻟﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺰﻛﺮﻣ
،
)
(Foran & Cellier, 1980
ﺯﺍ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ
ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ
ﺪﻧﺩﺮﻛ . ﺮﻴﺴﻔﺗ ﺲﻜﻋ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﻱﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻲﻤﺸﭼ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ
ﺪﺷ .
ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺲﻜﻋ ﺭﺩ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩ
ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻭ ﺵﻭﺭ
ﺭﺩ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ
ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﻊﺗﺮﻣ
، ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺪ .
ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺏﻮﻃﺮﻣ ﻭ
ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻴﮕﺑﺁ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﺷﻮﻛ
ﻦﭘﺍﮊ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ )
(Miyamoto et al., 2001,2004
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ
ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ
ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ
،ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ ﺪﺷ .
)
Jia et al., 2004
( ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ
ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﻭ ﺏﺎﺗﺯﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﺮﮔ ﻪﺘﻓ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ
ﻲﻣﻮﻴﻠﻫ ﺍﺭ
ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺪﻧﺭﻭﺎﻴﺑ . ﻦﻳﺍ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺖﺴﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ
ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﺍﺭ
ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﺩﻮﻛ
ﻥﮊﻭﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﻲﻧﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ
ﻱﺎﻬﺘﺷﺩ
ﻦﻴﭼ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻫﺩ ) . Vierling et al., 2006
( ﺎﺑ ﺐﺼﻧ
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻲﺋﻮﻳﺪﻳﻭ
ﻭ ﺍﺮﻓ ﻲﻔﻴﻃ ﺮﺑ ﻱﻭﺭ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﺎﮔ ﺭﺩﺎﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳﻮﻛﺍ ﺪﻨﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ
.
)
Hardin & Jackson, 2005
( ﺯﺍ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻤﻴﭘﺍﻮﻫ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ
ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻩﺎﻴﮔ
ﻞﮔ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ )
Sentaurea virgata
( ﺭﺩ ﻚﻳ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﺳ
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﻛ . )
Blumenthal et al., 2007
( ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ
ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺗ ﻂﺳﻮ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻤﻴﭘﺍﻮﻫ ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ
ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻢﺟﺎﻬﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ .
ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ
ﻪﻛ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ
ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ
ﻲﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻳﺰﺟ ﺮﺗ
ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻢﺟﺎﻬﻣ ﺪﻧﺮﺛﻮﻣ .
)
Wundram & Loffler, 2007
( ﻞﮑــﺷ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ
ﺯﺍ ﮊﻭﺮـﻧ ﻊـﻔﺗﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻬﻫﻮﮐ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﺎﮐ ﻳ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮐ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺖ .
ﻥﺁ ﺎـﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺪﻨﺘـﺷﺍﺩ ﻥﺎـﻴﺑ ﺎـﻫ
ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻥﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺎـﺑ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ
ﺚـﻋﺎﺑ ،ﺖـﻴﻔﻴﮐ
ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺵﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺱﺎـﻴﻘﻣ ﺎـﺑ ﻲﻘﻃﺎـﻨﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮـﺑ
ﻝﺪﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳﻮﮐﺍ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ،ﺎﻫﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﺁ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﺍ
ﻱ ﺍ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﻳ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦ ﺭﺩ
ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ
ﻲﮔﮋﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻣ ﻭ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺩﺭﺍﻮ
ﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻝﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﻴ
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻢﻛ ﺺﺼﺨﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﺍﺪﻌﺗﺮﻣ ﺯﺎ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻳ
ﺞ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻫ ﺎ ﻱ ،ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ
ﺲﮑﻋ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﮐ ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
ﻱ ﻪﺑ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻣ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻲ ﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻱ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ،ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺰﻴﺨﺑﺁ ﻭ ﻊﺗﺮﻣ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ۶۵
ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ ، ۱۳۹۱ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺯﺍ ، ۳۵۱
ﺎﺗ ۳۵۹
۳۵۳
ﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻴ
ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ
ﺓ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺯﺍ ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﻣ ﺭﺎﻈﺘﻧﺍ ﻭﺭ ﻲ
ﺳﺍ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘ
ﻳ ﻦ
ﻬﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻴ
ﻗﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪ ﻴ
ﺰﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻖ ﻳ
،ﻢﮐ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻭ ﻪﻨ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺞ ﻲ
ﺪﻨﮐ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ .
ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻝﺍﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ :
‐ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻱ
) ﻘﻣ ﻪﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻴ
ﺳﺎ ﻲ ( ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ، ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ
ﺯﺍ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺍﻮﻫ ﻲﻳ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺤﺻ
ﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﮑﻣﺍ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻳ
؟ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮ
ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﻫ
‐ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺀﺰﺟ
ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﻲﻗﻼﺸﻗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻠﮔ
ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ
۶۰ ﻱﺮﺘﻣﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﻝﺎﻤﺷ
ﻥﺎﮔﺮﮔ ﻭ ۴۵
ﻱﺮﺘﻣﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﻝﺎﻤﺷ
ﻕﺁ ﻼﻗ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺖﺳﺍ . ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺴﻳﺍ ﯽﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ
ﻕﺮﻗ ﺍ ﻳ ﻪﭽﻨ ﻥﻭﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
ﻧﺍ ﻡﺎﺠ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻝﺎﺳ ۱۳۷۳ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ ﻭ
ﻕﺮﻗ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﮐ ﻱ ﻭ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺒﻃ ﻴ ﻌ ﻲ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻠﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ
ﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ﺘﺣﺎﺴﻣ ﻲ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ۲۵ ﺭﺎﺘﮑﻫ ﺖﺳﺍ
)
Khatir-Namani, 1385
، .(
ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﻝﺎﻤﺷ
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﻕﺁ
ﻼﻗ ﻭ ﺭﺩ ۳۷ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﻭ ۱۴ ﻗﺩ ﻴ ﻪﻘ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻟﺎﻤﺷ ﻲ
ﻭ ۵۴ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﻭ ۲۹ ﻗﺩ ﻴ ﻪﻘ ﻮﻃ ﻝ ﻗﺮﺷ ﻲ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺖﺳﺍ
)
Royan, 1389
.(
ﺐﻴﺷ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﻲﺿﺍﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ
ﻲﻗﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻝﺎﻤﺷ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻲﺘﺴﭘ ﻭ ﻱﺪﻨﻠﺑ ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ
ﺢﻄﺴﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ . ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﻳﺭﺩ ۴
‐ ﺮﺘﻣ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﭗﻴﺗ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ
ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ
، ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺭﻮﺷ
Halocnemum strobilaceum
ﺖﺳﺍ . ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ،ﻪﭼ ﺮﮔﺍ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ
Halostachys
caspica
،
Aeluropus lagopoides L.
Aeluropus
littoralis,
ﻭ
Salsola torkomanica,
ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ
)
Reza-Shateri, 1388
( ﺲﻜﻋ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ ، ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ
ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻱ ﺭﻮﺷ
Halocnemum strobilaceum
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ .
‐ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻱ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺩﺎﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ٥
ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ
ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ٥
× ٥ ، ١٠
× ١٠ ، ٢٥
× ٢٥ ، ٥٠
× ٥٠ ﻭ ١٠٠
× ١٠٠ ﺮﺘﻣ
ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ . ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
، ﺯﺍ
ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺖﻴﻟﻭﺩﻮﺌﺗ .
ﺮﻫ ﻳ ﻚ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺮﺘﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻥﻭﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﻛ ﺕﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ
ﺪﺷ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
.
ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﺟ ﺮﻫ ﻚﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺑﻮﭼ ﺦﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ
ﻱﻭﺭ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﺪﺷ . ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ
ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻕﻮﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ
، ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﻱﺎﻫ ﻚﻳ
ﻲﻌﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﺑ
ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ
. ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ
ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﺖﻳﻭﺭ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﺎﻫ ) ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻞﻛ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﺎﻫ ۱۱۵
ﺩﺪﻋ ( ﺲﻜﻋ ﺭﺩ ﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻳ
، ﻥﻮﻣﺍﺮﻴﭘ ﺮﻫ
ﻚﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ
ﭻﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﺪﺷ . ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺭﺩ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ
ﺮﻫ ﻚﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﻲﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ
ﺪﺷ .
‐ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻲﺋﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﺲﻜﺗﻻ ﺲﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﻮﻟﺎﺑ ٤٥٠
ﻭ ﻡﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻮﻃ
،ﺮﭘ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ١٢٠
ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷﺍﻮﻫ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ
ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ،ﺩﺮﻴﮔ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . ﺯﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﺯﺎﮔ
ﺮﭘ ﻡﻮﻴﻠﻫ ﻥﺁ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ
ﻪﺑ ٤٢١ ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ .
ﻱﻮﻜﺳ ﻩﺪﻨﺠﻨﺳ ﻦﻴﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ﻝﺪﻣ ﻲﻣﻮﻗﺭ
SONY DSC-W110
، ٢ / ٧ ،ﻞﺴﻜﻴﭘﺎﮕﻣ
ﺳ ﻴ ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺒﺴﮑﻋ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻢﺘﺴ ﻱ
ﻪﺒﻌﺟ ،ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ
ﻥﺯﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻌﻤﺟ ﻱﮊﺮﻧﺍ ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺪﻣ ٧٠٠
ﻡﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ
ﺮﻳﺯ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﺷ ﺐﺼﻧ )
Royan, 1389
.(
ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﻴ ﻦ
ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺒﺴﮑﻋ ﻱ
ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺭﺩ ١
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ .
٣٥٤
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺲﮑﻋ ﻲﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏﻴﮑﻔﺗ ﺕﺭﺪﻗ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ...
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ١
‐ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻦﻴﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﻲﺳﺪﻋ SONY DSC-W110
ﮏﻴﮑﻔﺗ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ )
Resolution
(
"
٥ / ٢
K per
١١٥
ﻞﺴﮑﻴﭘ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ )
Pixel size
( ٥
/ ٣ ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻣﻭﺮﮑﻴﻣ
ﻲﺳﺪﻋ ﻲﮔﺩﺎﺸﮔ )
Wide angel
( ٣٢
ﺮﺘﻤﻴﻠﻴﻣ
ﻲﻧﻮﻧﺎﮐ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ )
Telephoto
( ١٢٨
ﺮﺘﻤﻴﻠﻴﻣ
ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﻧﺯﻭﺭ )
Aperture
( ٨
/ ٢
f/
ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﻧﺯﻭﺭ ﺪﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﺁ
Aperture (Telephoto)
٨ / ٥
f/
ﮏﻠﭘ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺮﺜﮐﺍﺪﺣ )
Shatter
( ﺮﺜﮐﺍﺪﺣ
: ١٦٠٠ / ١ ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ
ﺲﻜﻋ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
ﺮﻈﻧ ) ٥ ، ١٠ ، ٢٥ ، ٥٠ ﻭ ١٠٠ ﺮﺘﻣ ( ﺯﺍ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ
ﺖﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﺠﻨﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻩﺍﺭ .
ﻞﮑﺷ )
١ ( ﻭ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻳ ﮑ ﻲ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﻩﺪﻨﺠﻨﺳ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
ﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻲ
ﺪﻫﺩ .
ﻒﻟﺍ ﺏ
ﻞﻜﺷ ١
‐ ﻒﻟﺍ ( ﺏ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻦﻴﺣ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ (
ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ١٠٠
ﻱﺮﺘﻣ ) ﻘﻣ ﻴ ﺱﺎ ١:٨٠٠ (
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻧﺁ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ .
ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﺮﻫ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻭ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺲﻜﻋ ﺭﺩ
ﺭﺰﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺶﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺭﺩ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﺋﺎﻤﻧ ﮒ
ﺪﻧﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻣﻮﻗﺭ .
ﻪﻳﻻ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻲﻣﻮﻗﺭ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﻪﺑ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ ﻱﺮﺘﺳﺭ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ .
ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ ،ﺲﭙﺳ
ﺮﻫ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ
ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻱﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻢﻫ
ﻪﻳﻻ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ،ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺮﻫ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﺝﺍﺮﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ
ﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻞﺴﻛﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻡﺮﻧ ﻪﺑ .
ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺎﺑ ﺲﻜﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺶﻳﺎﻤﻴﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺮﻇﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ
ﺎﻘﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻳ
ﻪﺴ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ )
ﻞﮑﺷ
٢ .(
ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ،ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺰﻴﺨﺑﺁ ﻭ ﻊﺗﺮﻣ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ۶۵
ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ ، ۱۳۹۱ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺯﺍ ، ۳۵۱
ﺎﺗ ۳۵۹
۳۵۵
ﺝ
ﺏ
ﻒﻟﺍ
ﻭ
ﻩ
ﺩ
ﻞﻜﺷ ٢ ﻒﻟﺍ ـ ( ﻮﺼﺗ ﻳ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮ ٢٥
ﺮﺘﻣ ﻱ ) ﻘﻣ ﻴ ﺱﺎ ١:٢٠٠ ( ﺏ ( ﻬﺗ ﻴ ﻻ ﻪ ﻳ ﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻪ ﻴ
ﻫﺎ ﻲ ) ﺮﺘﺳﺭ ﻱ ( ﺝ ( ﻻ ﻳ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻪ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﺎﻫ ) ﺮﺘﺳﺭ ﻱ (
ﺩ ( ﻭﺭ ﻳ ﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻢﻬ ﻱ ﻻ ﻳ ﻪ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻴ
ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﺮﺘﺳﺭ ﻱ ﻭ ﻭ ﻩ ( ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﮑﻟ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ ﺝﺍﺮﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ٢
‐ ﺻﻼﺧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻪ ﺝﺎﺗ
ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﮑﻔﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ
ﻴ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏ ﻲ ﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﻴ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦ
ﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻴ
ﺭﺎ
ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ
) ﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﺑ ( ﺲﻜﻋ ) ﭘ ﻝﻮﻃ ﻴ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺴﮑ (
ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ
۵ ۱:۵۰
۰۳ / ۲۷ ۰
۵۴ / ۱۳ ۲۵ / ۱۲ ٥٥ / ١٢ ٤٩ / ١٤
۱۰ ۱:۱۰۰
۰۶ / ۳۰ ۰
۶۳
/ ۲۶ ۴ / ۲۴ ٢٧ / ٢٣ ٨٦ / ٢٥
۱:۱۲۰ ۱۵ ۰۷
/ ۴۴ ۰
۷
/ ۲۱ ۶۸ / ۱۸ ٦٣ / ٢٢ ٨٦ / ٢٢
۱:۱۵۰ ۲۰ ۰۹
/ ٥٠ ۰
۹۱
/ ۲۱ ۹ / ۱۸ ٥٢ / ٢١ ٠٧ / ٢٢
۲۵ ۱:۲۰۰
۱۲ / ۶۲ ۰
۱۹
/ ۲۳ ۰۶ / ۲۰ ٠٣ / ٢٣ ٦٥ / ٢٣
۵۰ ۱:۴۰۰
۲۴ / ۵۵ ۰
۴۵
/ ۳۴ ۴۱ / ۳۱ ٥٤ / ٢٣ ٥٠ / ٢٧
۱:۶۰۰ ۷۵ ۳۶
/ ۹۳ ۰
۳۶
/ ۲۹ ۵۵ / ۲۳ ٣١ / ٢٤ ٥١ / ٢٥
۱۰۰ ۱:۸۰۰
۵۰ / ۱۱۵ ۰
۰۱ / ۳۱ ۸۳ / ۲۴ ٦٢ / ٢٤ ٠٧ / ٢٦
۱۱۵ ۱:۹۰۰
۵۵ / ۱۱۵ ۰
۸۵ / ۳۳ ۸۳ / ۲۴ ١٢ / ٢٥ ٠٧ / ٢٦
۱۳۰ ۱:۱۰۰۰
۶۱ / ١٠٦ ۰
۵۲ / ۳۷ ۰۸ / ۲۴ ٩٩ / ٢٦ ٢٥ / ٢٦
٣٥٦
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺲﮑﻋ ﻲﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏﻴﮑﻔﺗ ﺕﺭﺪﻗ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ...
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ۳
‐ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺻﻼﺧ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ
ﺭﺍﺩ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻱ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻱﺎﻄﺧ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ
ﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ )
(p ﻲﺗﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ F ﺲﮑﻋ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ
۷۳ns
/ ۰
٤/٠٣ ١:٥٠ ٥
٧٣ns
/
٠ ٤/٠١ ١:١٠٠ ١٠
٥٤ns
/
٠ ٣/٩٥ ١:١٢٠ ١٥
٤٩ns
/
٠ ٣/٩٤ ١:١٥٠ ٢٠
٤٦ns
/
٠ ٣/٩٢ ١:٢٠٠ ٢٥
٥٤ns
/
٠ ٣/٩٣ ١:٤٠٠ ٥٠
١١ns
/
٠ ٣/٨٩ ١:٦٠٠ ٧٥
٠٧ns
/
٠ ٣/٨٨ ١:٨٠٠ ١٠٠
٠١**
/
٠ ٣/٨٨ ١:٩٠٠ ١١٥
٠٠**
/
٠ ٣/٨٩ ١:١٠٠٠ ١٣٠
: ns
ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ۹۵ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ
** . ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ۹۹ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ .
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺚﺤﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ
ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ )
۲ ( ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻪﺻﻼﺧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻭﺭ ﻱ ﻣﺯ ﻴ ﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻦ ﻲ
ﺪﻫﺩ . ﻘﻣ ﻴ ﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺱﺎ ﻲ
ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﺯﺍ
ﮑﻔﺗ ﻴ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏ ﻲ ﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﻴ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻦ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ
.
ﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﻦ ﮑﻔﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻭﺭ ﻴ
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏ ﻲ ﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﻴ ﻦ
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
، ﻐﺗ ﻴﻴ ﻘﻣ ﺮ ﻴ ﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺱﺎ ﻲ
ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺯﺍ
ﺯﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻳ
ﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ .
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻱ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻱ ﻣﺯ ﻴ ﻨ ﻲ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ) ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﯼﺎﻫ ۱
× ۱ ﺮﺘﻣ ( ﺍﺪﺣ ، ﭘ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﺮﺜﮐ ﻴ
ﺎﺑ ﻞﺴﮑ ﻳ ﺪ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﮑﭼﻮﮐ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺯﺍ
ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻭﺭ ﻳ
ﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺖ ﻴ ﮑﻔﺗ ﺖ ﻴ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏ ﻲ ﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻴﭘ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﯼﻭ
،
ﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻲ
ﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻲ ﺪﭘ ﻳ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺪ .
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ) ۲ ( ﮑﻔﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻴ
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏ ﻲ ﻮﺼﺗ ﻳ ﻬﺗ ﺮ ﻴ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪ
ﻳ ﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﮏ ﻲ
ﺪﻫﺩ . ﻳ ﭘ ﮏ ﻴ ﺭﺩ ﻞﺴﮑ
ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ۱۳۰
ﮑﻔﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻴ
ﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﮏ ﻴ ﻦ
ﻝﺩﺎﻌﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ۳۶
/ ۰ ﻝﺩﺎﻌﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻳ
ﻡﻮﺳ ﮏ
ﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻪ
ﻣﺯ ﻴ ﻨ ﻲ ﺖﺳﺍ . ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻝﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﻳ
ﺑﺎ ﻲ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﮔ ﻴ ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ) ۱ ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ (
ﭘ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﺮﺜﮐﺍﺪﺣ ﻴ
ﺭﺩ ﻞﺴﮑ ﻮﺼﺗ
ﻳ ﺮ
ﻬﺗ ﻴ ﻣ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪ ﻲ
ﺎﺑ ﻳ ﺪﭘ ﻒﺼﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﮑﭼﻮﮐ ﺪ ﻳ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺪ
ﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻴ
ﻫﺎ ﻲ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ
ﺩﺮﮐ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ .
ﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻳ ﻃ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮ ﻴ
ﻔ ﻲ ﻬﺗ ﻴ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪ ﻩﺭﺍﻮﻫﺎﻣ
ﺎﻫ ﻲﻳ ﻥﻮﭼ
Geo eye
،
Worldview
ﻭ
Quick bird
ﮑﻔﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻢﻏﺭﻼﻋ ﻴ
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏ ﻲ ﭘ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﺯﻮﻨﻫ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻴ
ﻠﺴﮑ ﻲ ﺮﺘﮔﺭﺰﺑ
ﺪﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﻩﺪ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻳ
ﻦ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﮐ ﻭﺭ
ﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻳ ﻃ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮ ﻴ
ﻔ ﻲ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻳ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻊﺗﺍﺮﻣ ﺞ
ﻣ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ،ﻕﻮﻓ ﻪﻟﺩﺍ ﻲ
ﺎﺟ ﻭ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻳ
ﺰﮕ ﻳ ﺍﺮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻦ ﻱ
ﻨﭼ ﻴ ﻦ
ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻬﺗ ، ﻴ ﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻪ ﻳ ﺎﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺮ ﻴﻳ
ﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﭽﻧﺁ ﻝﺩﺎﻌﻣ ﻦ ﻳ
ﻦ
ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻲ
ﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
ﺭﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻛ
) ٢ ( ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ،ﺪﻨﻫﺩ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻠﮐ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﻴ ﺲﮑﻋ ﻪ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﻬﺗ ﻴ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪ
ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺎﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ
١٠٠ ﺮﺘﻣ ) ﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻴ ﺱﺎ
١:٨٠٠ ( ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ
% ٩٥ ﻭ
% ٩٩ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ
ﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ
ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ . ﺁ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥ
ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ١٠٠
ﻲﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ .
ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﻪﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﺎﺳ ﺞ ﻳ ﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﺮ ﻥﺎ ﻧ ﻴ ﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺰ ﻲ
ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻫﺩ ١٠٠
ﺮﺘﻣ ﻣ ﻲ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻴ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻗﺩ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﻫﺎ ﻱ
% ٩٥ ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﺍ ﺞ ﻳ ﻦ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺘﻓﺎﻳ
ﻪ ﻱﺎﻫ
)
knapp et al., 1990
( ﺎﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻴﻳ ﻣ ﺪ ﻲ ﺎﻤﻧ ﻳ ﺪ . ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﺟ
ﺲﻜﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻤﻋ ﺖﻠﻋ ﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ،
ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺖﻌﺳﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺍ
ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﺢﻄﺳ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﭼﺮﻫ ﻊﻴﺳﻭ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺖﺤﺻ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﺗ
ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ،ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺰﻴﺨﺑﺁ ﻭ ﻊﺗﺮﻣ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ۶۵
ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ ، ۱۳۹۱ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺯﺍ ، ۳۵۱
ﺎﺗ ۳۵۹
۳۵۷
ﺭﺍ ﻲﻣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗ ﻊﻔﺗﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
. ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻲﺒﻧﺎﺟ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻫﺩ
ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﻧ ﻩﺪﻨﺠﻨﺳ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺳﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻴ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺰ . ﺑ ﻪ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺳﺭ
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﻧ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺖﺒﺴ
ﺖﻓﺎﻳ . ﻪﺑ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺖﻳﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ
ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ، ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ
ﻦﻴﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺍ ﻭ ﻳ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺕﺎﺒﺛﺍ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﺎﻣﺍ ﻲﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦ .
ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ،ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺖﻳﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﭼﺮﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺮﭼ ،ﺩﺭﺍﺩ
ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻳﺎﭘﺎﻧ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺩﺎﺑ ﺵﺯﻭ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ،ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﺷﺮﻋ ﻣ ﺭﺎﻈﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ
ﻲ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﺵﺯﺮﻟ ﺩﻭﺭ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺡﻮﺿﻭ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ .
ﻲﻣ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺩﻮﺷ
ﻦﻴﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺲﻜﻋ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ
ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ
،
ﺁ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﻮﻣﺯ .
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺪﺳﺭ
ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻦﻴﺑﺭﻭﺩ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ،ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ
ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ .
ﻱﺮﺳﺍﺮﺳ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ،ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺮﻴﺑﺍﺪﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻚﻳ ﺯﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺕﺎﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﺖﺒﺛ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻭ
ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻫ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﺲﻜﻋ ﻚﻴﻳﺍﺯﻮﻣ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻩﺪﻴﺸﻳﺪﻧﺍ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ
.
ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ﻭ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗ
ﻲﻣ ﺽﺮﻓ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﻧﺎﻤﻴﻤﺻ ﻱﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﺩ
ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻩﺯﺎﺟﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻠﮔ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ
ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺴﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ
ﻲ ﻪﭽﻨﻳﺍ ﻥﻭﺮﺑ
ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺣ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺪﻴﺳ ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻱﺎﻗﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺍﺩﺭﺪﻗ ﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺭﺎﻛ ﺕﺎﻴﺋﺰﺟ
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ . ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺟﺭ ﻢﺜﻴﻣ ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻱﺎﻗﺁ ﺯﺍ
ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻧﺎﻳﺎﺷ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ
،
ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﺩﺭﺪﻗ ﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ
. ﻚﻣﺎﻴﺳ ﺱﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻱﺎﻗﺁ ﺯﺍ
ﻣ ﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻜ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻚﺒﺳ ﻕﻮﻓ ﻲ
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻣ ﻥﻮﻟﺎﺑ ﻲﻨﻓ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ
. ﻪﺑ ﻡﺯﻻ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﻛﺫ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ
ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻥﺎﮔﺮﮔ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﻛ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ .
٣٥٨
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺲﮑﻋ ﻲﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﮏﻴﮑﻔﺗ ﺕﺭﺪﻗ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ...
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Journal of Range and Watershed Management, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, Vol. 65, No. 3, 2012, pp.351-359 359
Study of Flight Height and Spatial Resolution of Aerial Photography in Estimating Canopy Cover Percentage of
Shrub Lands
M. Royan*1, A. Sepehry2 and A. Salman Mahiny3
1 MSc. Graduate, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I.R.
Iran
2Associate Prof., College of Range and Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan,I.R. Iran
3Associate Prof., College of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I.R. Iran
(Received: 2010/December/28, Accepted: 2012/January/23)
Abstract
Remote sensing and aerial photographs are used to produce medium to small scale images.
However, for detailed information especially to estimate rangeland vegetation canopy cover there is a need to larger scale images. It is therefore necessary to study the technical applicability of different devices such as short range light airplanes, kites, gliders and balloons. In this research, we focused on suitable flight height for rangeland vegetation canopy cover estimation using large scale balloon images in Incheh Broon area where we conducted field tests in September 2010. The balloons ascended to heights of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 m and higher. Using the taken images, vegetation canopy covers were estimated and compared with those obtained from field measurements. Results show that there is no significant difference between field and image estimation of canopy cover for heights lower than 100 m. We therefore suggest using balloon images acquired from up to 100 m height for estimating rangeland vegetation canopy cover.
Keywords: Remote Sensing, Balloon, Large scale aerial photography, Canopy cover percentage, Shrub land
*Corresponding author: Tel: +98 911 3716658 Fax: +98 171 3320003 E-mail:[email protected]
