Mobile Apps Design for Parking System
EDMUND HO SHEAU TONG
Bachelor of Applied Arts with Honours (Design Technology)
2016
Faculty Of Applied And Creative Arts
MOBILE APP DESIGN FOR PARKING SYSTEM
EDMUND HO SHEAU TONG
This project is submitted in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Applied Arts with Honors (Design Technology)
Faculty of Applied and Creative Arts UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK
2016
i UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK
Grade: _____________
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Final Year Project Report Masters
PhD
DECLARATION OF ORIGINAL WORK
This declaration is made on the 8th day of JUNE 2016.
Student’s Declaration:
I EDMUND HO SHEAU TONG, 40067, FACULTY OF APPLIED & CREATIVE ARTS (FACA) hereby declare that the work entitled MOBILE APP DESIGN FOR PARKING SYSTEM is my original work. I have not copied from any other students’ work or from any other sources except where due reference or acknowledgement is made explicitly in the text, nor has any part been written for me by another person.
24 JUNE 2016
____________________ EDMUND HO SHEAU TONG (40067)
Date submitted Name of the student (Matric No)
Supervisor’s Declaration:
I NOORHASLINA BINTI SENIN hereby certifies that the work entitled MOBILE APP DESIGN FOR PARKING SYSTEM was prepared by the above named student, and was submitted to the
“FACULTY” as a * partial/full fulfillment for the conferment of DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF APPLIED ARTS WITH HONOURS DESIGN TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMME, and the aforementioned work, to the best of my knowledge, is the said student’s work.
Received for examination by: NOORHASLINA BINTI SENIN Date: 24 JUNE 2016 (Name of the supervisor)
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i
Verification
The project entitled “Mobile Apps Design for Parking System” was prepared by Edmund Ho Sheau Tong and submitted to Faculty of Applied and Creative Arts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a degree of Bachelor of Applied Arts with Honours (Design Technology).
Received for examination by:
______________________
(Miss Noorhaslina Senin) Date:
______________________
ii
Acknowledgement
This final year project was to fulfill a part of the requirement for degree of Bachelor of Applied Arts with Honours (Design Technology). I was grateful to be able to work, learn and kindly helped by people around me.
First of all, I would like to express my warmest thanks and deepest gratitude toward my project supervisor, Miss Noorhaslina Senin, who gave guidance and advices on developing my project.
My appreciation also goes to the graphic design lecturer Miss Salmiah bt Abdul Hamid for her valuable knowledge. My sincere gratitude also goes to my fellow course mates for always being there to share knowledge, ideas to solve problems, support and cooperation in various ways.
Lastly, special thanks to my family and housemates for their patience, support, and encouragement.
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CONTENTS
Page
Title page Declaration
Verification i
Acknowledgement ii
Content iii
List of figures viii
Abstract x
Abstrak xi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Problem statement 7
1.3 Research Questions 8
1.4 Objective 8
1.5 Scope of Study 9
1.6 Limitation of Research 9
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Parking 10
2.2 Service Design 10
2.3 User Experience 11
2.3.1 Physical Feel 11
2.3.2 The Standard Control 12
iv
2.4 Interface Design 13
2.4.1 Layout 13
2.4.2 Colour 13
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Primary Data 17
3.1.1 Journey Map For User 17
3.1.2 Journey Map For Service Provider 18
3.1.3 Interview 18
3.1.4 Observation 19
3.1.5 Validation 20
3.2 Secondary Data 20
3.2.1 Journal 21
3.2.2 Books 21
3.2.3 Visual Reference 21
3.3 Data Analysis 22
CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.1 Introduction 23
4.2 Journey Map For User 23
4.3 Journey Map For Service Provider 27
4.4 Participant Interview 29
4.5 App Designer Interview 30
4.6 Observation 31
4.6.1 Visual Analysis On Different Parking System 33 CHAPTER 5 DESIGN PROPOSAL
5.1 User Task For Parking User 36
v
5.1.1 Parking 37
5.1.2 Session 37
5.1.3 Topup 38
5.1.4 Find Car 38
5.1.5 Setting 39
5.2 Service Provider Task Model 39
5.2.1 Fine Deliver 40
5.3 Usability Test 40
5.4 Barriers 41
5.5 Design Suggestion 41
5.6 Site Map 42
5.7 Visual Design Proposal 44
5.7.1 Logo Design 44
5.7.2 Button and Icon Design 45
5.8 Interface Design 49
5.8.1 App Guide 50
5.8.2 Launch Image 50
5.8.3 Main Page of Each Feature 51
5.8.4 Side Features Interface Design 53
5.8.5 Home Page Icon Design 55
5.8.6 Software Used and Prototyping 55
5.9 Parking Management App Interface 56
5.10 Validation 58
5.10.1 Usability Test and Validation 59
CHAPTER 6 RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
vi
6.1 Recommendation 60
6.2 Conclusion 60
REFERENCES 62
APPENDIX
Appendix A: Questionnaire 64
Appendix B: User Interview 66
Appendix C: Designer Interview 67
Appendix D: Advertising In Facebook 68
Appendix E: Advertising In App Store 69
Appendix F: Web Banner In iTunes 70
Appendix G: Parking App Poster 71
Appendix H: Parking Management App Poster 72
Appendix I: Signboard 73
vii
List of Figure
Figure 1.1: Logo paybyphone Figure 1.2: Paybyphone signboard Figure 1.3: Logo MobileNow Figure 1.4: MobileNow signboard Figure 1.5: Parkmobile logo Figure 1.6: Parkmobile signboard
Figure 1.7: Parking coupon Kuching MBKS Figure 1.8: Over parking notices
Figure 3.1: Research methodology chart
Figure 4.1: Demographic particulars of the participant Figure 4.2: Journey map of Mr. Ho
Figure 4.3: Journey map of Mdm. Tin Figure 4.4: Journey map of Mr. Ng Figure 4.5: Journey map of Mr. Tin Figure 4.6: Journey map of Miss. Ho Figure 4.7: Parking process observation
Figure 4.8: Visual analysis on different parking system
Figure 5.1: A task model showing the behavior a user complete the parking step Figure 5.2: A task model showing the behavior a user checking and stop the session Figure 5.3: A task model showing the behavior a user top up for the account
Figure 5.4: A task model showing the behavior a user finding the car location Figure 5.5: Task model for setting
Figure 5.6: Task model for information
viii Figure 5.7: Task model for fine deliver
Figure 5.8: Top up has been added to the main feature to solve the barrier Figure 5.9: User Site map
Figure 5.10: Service provider site map
Figure 5.11: Logo design option for ParkNow
Figure 5.12: Final choice of logo design for ParkNow Figure 5.13: Navigation shortcut bar of ParkNow Figure 5.14: Parking icon
Figure 5.15: Session icon Figure 5.16: Topup icon Figure 5.17: Find car icon Figure 5.18: setting icon
Figure 5.19: Other icon under setting
Figure 5.20: Other buttons design used in the application Figure 5.21: App guide of the application
Figure 5.22: Launch image of the application
Figure 5.23: Interface design of main page for each main feature Figure 5.24: Parking session page
Figure 5.25: Interface design of option under setting Figure 5.26: Information page
Figure 5.27: Fine page
Figure 5.28: Home page icon design of ParkNow Figure 5.29: Logging page
ix Figure 5.30: Home page and penalty page
Figure 5.31: Zone selection and log out page Figure 5.32: Result of validation
x
Abstract
There are 3 different type of parking system available in Malaysia which is Parking coupon, electronic parking system lots, and parking meter. Kuching as the capital in Sarawak, Malaysia offer the parking coupon payment method by Kuching South City Council (MBKS).
This parking system is inefficient, wasting of time, and troublesome. The objective of this research is to identify the problem with current parking system at MBKS and analyze the most suitable solution for the existing problem through the parking app design. The parking app prototype will propose and validate to the user and service provider in MBKS. The method used in the research is journey map, interview, observation, and validation. The findings from the research method shows that user are facing different type of problem and caused a lot of unnecessary waste on time and money. The service provider also spend a lot of man power and time in the inspection part. By using the parking app, user and service provider can minimize the parking and inspection step to achieve their goals.
Keywords: Parking system, MBKS, parking app
xi
Abstrak
Terdapat 3 jenis sistem letak kereta yang berbeza yang disediakan di Malaysia iaitu kupon letak kereta, sistem letak kereta elektronik, dan meter letak kereta. Kuching sebagai ibu negeri di Sarawak, Malaysia menawarkan kaedah pembayaran kupon letak kereta oleh Majlis Bandaraya Kuching Selatan (MBKS). Sistem tempat letak kereta ini adalah tidak cekap, membuang masa, dan menyusahkan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti masalah sistem tempat letak kereta di MBKS dan menganalisis kaedah penyelesaian yang paling sesuai melalui reka bentuk aplikasi letak kereta. Aplikasi prototaip tempat letak kereta akan dicadangkan kepada pengguna dan pembekal perkhidmatan di MBKS. Kaedah yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah peta perjalanan, temu bual, pemerhatian, dan pengesahan. Penemuan daripada kaedah kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengguna menghadapi pelbagai jenis masalah dan menyebabkan bazir dalam masa dan wang. Pembekal perkhidmatan juga menghabiskan banyak tenaga kerja dan masa di bahagian pemeriksaan. Dengan menggunakan aplikasi tempat letak kereta, pengguna dan pembekal perkhidmatan boleh mengurangkan langkah letak kereta dan masa pemeriksaan untuk mencapai matlamat mereka.
Kata kunci: Sistem letak kereta, MBKS, aplikasi letak kereta
1 Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Background:
This chapter begin with a overview of background of the smartphone. The problem statements currently face by public parking user are identified through this research. With the problems, the research objectives are derived and closely related to the statement of the problem.
Next, the research questions, and scope of the research are examined in the research.
According to Nielsen 2012 Smartphone Insights study, (May 2012), there are 7 million Smartphone users in Malaysia to date. Malaysia Smartphone penetration rate is at 27% in first quarter this year, of which 36% are aged 25 to 34. The Nielsen 2012 Smartphone Insights study, in 23 countrieswhich surveyed 35,000 mobile users, showed that out of 58% Malaysian mobile users who were likely to upgrade their phones in the next six months, 79% of them plan to buy a Smartphone.
The study also shows that the importance of apps as a criteria for user in purchasing a Smartphone, whereby more than 35% claimed that availability of a large choice of apps, carried the most weight in their choice of model. Mobile applications are now critical for marketers in providing content. Apps centred on social network, location-based and games generally get a better response.
2 Symbian, with its presence in the mobile phone industry acquired 34% of global market share in terms of smartphone operating system (OS) brands in the first quarter of 2012. Android finished a close second with 28%, followed by iPhone OS (18% ) and BlackBerry OS (11%).
There are several apps design for parking system in different country.
Figure 1.1: Logo paybyphone
Figure 1.2: paybyphone signboard
In United Kingdom, PayByPhone parking app is design for their parking system.
PayByPhone is an app that lets user pay for parking in a few step. PayByPhone allow drivers to pay for their parking with their phone without using a meter. User can add additional time without returning to the vehicle.
3 Figure 1.3: Logo MobileNow
Figure 1.4: MobileNow signboard
MobileNow is a parking app use in United State. MobileNow is a digital parking transaction and management system enable mobile phone payment. User can park and pay by mobile phone whenever there have a MobileNow signboard in a parking area or on parking meters. User can also add additional time without returning to the vehicle.
4 Figure 1.5: Parkmobile logo
Figure 1.6: Parkmobile signboard
Parkmobile is another parking app use in United state. Parkmobile provide a new and better way to pay for parking using smartphone. With Parkmobile app, the parking transaction takes just a few seconds. If user driving a different car, they can quickly change the license plate number and activate their parking session. User can receive notification 15 minutes before the parking session expire.
There are 3 different type of parking system available in Malaysia which is Parking coupon, electronic parking system lots, and parking meter. User need to scratch of the parking coupon when they are parking in the public parking space. For the electronic parking system lots,
5 user are able to pay the parking fee with several payment method using the machine that installed in the parking zone while the parking meter is installed in the parking slot that need to insert the coin into the parking meter. The parking charge is different in every state and zone in Malaysia.
Figure 1.7: Parking coupon Kuching MBKS
Kuching as the capital in Sarawak, Malaysia offer the parking coupon payment method for Kuching South City Council (MBKS).User have to decide on how long they wish to park when they reach at a parking space. Then they are required to scratch off the 5 relevant tabs (year, month, day, hour & minutes) and show the coupons on the dashboard in front the car. Parking coupons that are available in parking coupon booths are RM0.20, RM0.50 and RM0.80. For the 1st half hour of parking, user can use RM0.20 parking coupons, the RM0.50 parking coupons is use for the following 2nd half hour and the RM0.80 parking coupons is use for the 3rd half hour and every subsequent half hour.
6 Figure 1.8: Over parking notices
For those user who only display a RM0.20 parking coupon while parking and when they have over parked, parking wardens will issue over parking notices (OPN) which they will have to pay in three working days after the date of the OPN is issued at parking coupon booths with a fine of RM10.00 together with the over parking fee.
User need to tear of a piece of coupon for display at the dashboard and not the whole booklet as the heat from the sunlight will making the coupon hard to scratch off later. It take time and will waste it when they accidentally scratch wrongly on their coupon. People also hard to estimate their time when they running their own matter. So they have to return back and update
7 their parking coupon when it expired. There is no way for Kuching public car park user to have the convenience on faster parking while user of public parking in other country is having it.
1.2 Problem statement:
Current parking payment in MBKS are only using parking coupon. This parking system is inefficient, wasting of time, and troublesome because user have to make sure they have the
parking coupon before parking. The parking coupon are sell only at the parking booth. Therefore, people need to purchase the coupon at parking coupon booths that located in certain area before parking. The only method to extend the parking session is to come back and scratch a new parking coupon. Fine received by the car owner must be paid at the Parking coupon booths if driver over parking. There is lack of visual communication and convenience to inform the driver regarding the overdue parking time. Hence, a convenience parking system should be available for devices that are popular, such as mobile phone and tablet.
8 1.3 Research Questions.
The problem statement of the research generates research questions such as:
What are the design criteria to be considered when converting a conventional parking into a parking apps?
How can the parking apps link the driver to the car park operator and vice versa?
What is the most effective way to simplify the process purchase, extent, and fine payment?
What is the responds from the target user regarding the prototype design?
1.4 Objective:
1. To identify the problem with current parking system at MBKS.
2. To analyze what is the most suitable solution for the existing problem through the parking app design.
3. To propose a parking app prototype for user and service provider for MBKS.
4. To validate the prototype of the parking app to the target user.
9 1.5 Scope of Study
This research focus on the visual design for Kuching parking coupon on mobile application and look into the usability of the application.
Research will be conducted the area of Kuching, Sarawak. It is capital city of Sarawak which handle a huge amount of parking system. Over 193500 population under MBKS. Kuching is place that full of heritage and culture. Many tourists from other state in Malaysia and other countries came and visit Kuching for their own purposes. A good parking app for Kuching MBKS is a way to simplify the process of payment for local citizen and the visitors instead of using parking coupon.
1.6 Limitation of Research
Programming and coding is needed for create a mobile application. It requires various expertise from different fields such as visual artist, programmer, project planner and etc. Various technique and skills have to be explored and learn. Because of the time limitation, the mobile app will be design up to prototype level only. This research is only focus at Kuching South City instead of other places because it is the largest parking system in Kuching.
