DESCRIPTION 0F THREE SELECTED CASES OF PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS
Sector 1 Sector 2 Sector 3 Sector 4 Total
5.3.6 Evaluation Based on Performance Testimonials
In its performance appraisal, DASTA has continued to improve its performance. The results are summarized in the following table.
Table 5.8 Comparative Table of Annual Evaluation of Designated Areas for Sustainable Tourism Administration (Public Organization) for the fiscal year B.E. 2548-2557.
Fiscal Factors 1 Factors 2 Factors 3 Factors 4 Total YearB.E.
2548 4.4294 4.1000 5.0000 3.5563 4.3488
2549 4.5974 5.0000 2.8989 3.6194 4.3211
2550 4.1664 4.6880 5.0000 3.2667 4.3971
2551 3.3030 3.9867 3.5333 3.4571 3.4971
2552 3.5811 4.3016 4.0769 4.1091 3.8306
2553 4.8039 4.8600 5.0000 4.7483 4.8145
2554 5.0000 5.0000 4.3763 4.7778 4.8714
2555 5.0000 5.0000 4.5696 5.0000 4.9483
2556 5.0000 5.0000 5.0000 5.0000 5.0000
2557 5.0000 5.0000 5.0000 5.0000 5.0000
Source: OPDC, 2014b.
From the table above, it is evident that DASTA's performance appraisal scores have improved and have consistently improved. In the fiscal year B.E. 2555, DASTA was selected as best practices in the second group, which was in line with the
objectives and fundamental principles of the Royal Decree and was selected as best practice in various factors. There has been a challenge of measuring the performance of the scoring system and consistency of scores in the past 3 years (1 in 8 POs, B.E.
2557), as well as in the public sector. Corporate Governance as a whole and monitoring and review of the adequacy of critical systems and disclosure of critical information are also monitored and reviewed. In addition, it is evident from the evaluation scores from the office of the Civil Service Development Commission from fiscal years B.E. 2552-2557, the ratings were consistently high and consistently achieved the full five consecutive ratings in B.E. 2556-2557.
Based on performance measurement in Factors 1, the effectiveness of performance, which is a key indicator for measuring Public Organizations. DASTA has achieved a 5-point rating for the fifth consecutive year since fiscal years B.E.
2554-2557. DASTA's certification of performance is consistent with the purpose of its establishment mission and strategy (DASTA 2014a, OPDC, 2014b). The indicators reflect the objectives of the establishment.
1) The success of prototypes and learning centers to promote eco- friendly tourism. (The 6 specialty communities in the area, including 12 communities that have been promoted to participate in the four DASTA Global Warming Measures, that can reduce the amount of carbon emissions emitted by the tourism sector, six special-purpose establishments, 35 of which are intended to be included in the assessment and can be standardized, are environmentally friendly.)
2) Community income increased on average by participating in income generating activities in 6 Designated Areas. In conclusion, the income of 26 participating community-based income generating activities was found to have increased. The increase was 92 percent, such as the Salak Khok House DASTA 1.
The community income increased from sixty thousand baht to one hundred and twenty thousand baht for the market in the city of old Nakorn Chum, its revenues increased from two hundred thousand to six hundred thousand baht.
3) The prototype community has been developed in accordance with the development plan to meet the criteria for certification of community attractions.
4) The community has been developing sustainable tourism in Designated Areas that meet the welfare standards.
5) Use of sustainable tourism knowledge dissemination to outsiders. In the development of tourism protocols in various forms, DASTA has been developed as a guide to transfer knowledge of the development and management of Designated Areas or tourism areas to various agencies to develop. There are examples of development guides as shown below.
Figure 5.13 Knowledgebase on Development and Transfer of Knowledge on Sustainable Tourism Development
Source: DASTA, 2016b.
6) The success of the project is driven by the master plan in the Designated Area allocated to the budget.
7) The success of operations under the World Tourism Organization's Sustainable Tourism Framework (UNWTO) (OPDC, 2014b).
In addition to DASTA's public offerings, the second factor in quality of service, DASTA received the same 5 rating as measured by the success of the satisfaction survey (Designated Area, Nan Old Town and the Designated Area of the ancient city of U-Thong), Sukhothai Historical Park-Si Satchanalai-Kamphaengphet Designated Area) and a level of awareness of brand image sustainable ecotourism for Koh Chang and linking areas. The emphasis is on communication in the Koh Mak area, under the concept of a Low Carbon Destination, by communicating with key target groups, such as people in the community, tourists and the mass media by
making a manual branding through storytelling, creating a brand identity and awareness-raising activities. It has grown in a number of areas, such as in Designated Areas. In particular, the number of tourists in Chiang Kong in 2011 was 260,548, with an increase to 771,400 in 2014. The highlights and good development of DASTA from the performance assessment report has found that "DASTA's top executives have the knowledge, ability, and commitment to manage the organization and build a network of work to achieve its mission. The objective is to establish and prioritize the monitoring and evaluation of performance." Moreover, the data recording is systematically done in complete accuracy, convenience and easy to search, the detailed assessment is complete, all indicators and all topics in the evaluation form for 6 and 12 months. The staff are competent and willing to work under the authority of DASTA, such as coordinating agencies involved in the development of Designated Areas for sustainable tourism, by supporting a master and action plan. There is development of knowledge and promotion for the sustainable development of community tourism, such as the transfer of knowledge on environmental management for sustainable tourism development in Designated Areas, the creation of tourism knowledge in the field of creative tourism and low carbon tourism. They have established criteria for certification of community attractions in Designated Areas for sustainable tourism as well as encouraging the development of community attractions to meet the criteria of organizing sustainable tourism knowledge dissemination to external parties (DASTA, 2014a, OPDC, 2014b).
In addition, DASTA transforms the goals of the strategy and metrics from organizational level to sub-level and individual staff level. This includes linking the performance evaluation system with the goals and performance indicators in a consistent manner. Executives can oversee the workflow of the special and central office more systematically, linking assessment results with salary increases to encourage all parties to be enthusiastic and work together to achieve the goals of the organization, as well as to disseminate important DASTA information and information in both general finance and main mission finances in full, accurate and reliable reporting as a good example. It is reported in the DASTA Annual Report and website to show its social responsibility.
Based on the results of DASTA's Performance Assessment report, DASTA can be considered as a Public Organization that receives a high rating and
demonstrates evidence of its performance. The mission and purpose of the organization have been selected as the Best Practice of Public Organizations in the category of government policy. However, since fiscal year 2558, CSDC is reviewing the results of the review and the continued need for existing Public Organizations.
DASTA is one of six Public Organizations that should be reviewed under the requirements to be dissolved. It has been assigned to the Deputy Prime Minister, or the supervising minister to review. Deputy Prime Minister (Gen. Thanasak Patimapakorn) has asked DASTA and related agencies to provide feedback on how to get and adjust the mission and organization to be clear and not overlapping and to coordinate with the minister closely. The regulator should be a ministry with a similar role to integrate tourism under the same strategy and to benefit the government. As a result of the DASTA performance appraisal, there are questions in society that have resulted in very good results. Therefore, the Office needs to study and review the format of the performance appraisal certification of Public Organization to visualize the performance and the achievement of the objectives of the actual establishment to be consistent and in the same direction.
Summary of the Case Study: “Designated Areas for Sustainable Tourism Administration (Public Organization)” was established by Royal Decree in 2003 up until now, more than 14 years. It has encouraged and supported all development partners to participate in integrated tourism management by setting policies and strategic plans, coordinating with locals or areas for quality tourism with Co-Creation,
“Co-thinking, co-planning, co-responsibility and co-benefits”. In six designated areas, which are Chang Islands and vicinity, Pattaya city and vicinity, historical parks of Sukhothai-Srisachanalia-Kampaengpetch, Loei, Nan old City and Uthong Ancient City under the framework of the Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), tourism has become a way of creating opportunities. DASTA, as a representative of Thailand, has been a member and has proposed Thailand's development policy, such as the tourism policy. This includes the creation of tourism that is a low-carbon tourism policy and is conducive to concrete action and consistent with the UNWTO's four tourism criteria to create sustainable tourism management and make the community of tourism owners the most socially and economically advantageous, to provide the most benefit to the community tourists and cultural heritage.
The intention was to establish DASTA when the government had a policy to develop tourism to increase income and distribute income to local communities. The benefits of DASTA's operation and drive are the development of special-purpose tourism that helps to increase employment and elevates the quality of life and local life. This is a challenge for sustainable tourism development, to ensure that tourism revenue is spread to the community level. As a result, the people in the community have a good quality of life. It is a cornerstone of the country's development and reflects on the Gross Village Happiness in six designated areas.
It is evident that DASTA's mission is to promote the supply side of tourism in order to provide space for tourist attractions and communities in the exclusive areas.
DASTA's outstanding contribution to sustainable tourism promotion and development has resulted in the development of a Designated Area for tourism in each area through the development of sustainable tourism. The "Master Plan for Development of Designated Areas" co-operated with governmental agencies, the community and local residents. The plan was implemented in accordance with the master plan as proposed for the approval of the Cabinet. The budget for the implementation of the local, or regional, action plan will be proposed by the budget, which is included in the proportion of government subsidies allocated to the local governments or government agencies to further develop the area. The prototype of sustainable tourism management and development has been used as a model for community or local development, such as the Creative Tourism model. It is a tourism that learns the true identity of the community. Tourists participate in activities and exchange experiences with the community, such as learning patterns of the world through paintings of the old town of Sukhothai, the original Community Based Tourism. This is an alternative way of managing the community creatively. Standardized learning contributes to the sustainability of the environment, local culture and quality of life, income and benefits to the community. The community is the owner and the villagers take part in determining the direction and decisions. Through the mechanism of tourism development, there is a working team to certify tourist attractions by the community.
There are 13 communities, such as Takian Tia Community, Chon Buri, which is a community of Thai folk art. The Sufficiency Learning Center, or Sukhothai Old City, Sukhothai is a community surrounded by historical heritage filled with tourism. At