DESCRIPTION 0F THREE SELECTED CASES OF PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS
Sector 1 Sector 2 Sector 3 Sector 4 Total
5.2.7 GISTDA Major Performances
The implementation of GISTDA has steadily developed and improved the service, creating a network of public and private sectors both in and outside the country, including a push for research projects to develop space technology and geospatial information in the country. The benefits are summarized as follows.
Basic Public Service. To provide information from space technology and geo- information on a continuous basis so that people can access the service to monitor the situation promptly. Major activities include the installation of LANDSAT 8 satellite system to receive and transmit satellite data from Thai Chot Satellite and other satellites from which GISTDA receives signals and services and to provide a GISTDA TERMINAL System, online image download service from Thai Chot Satellite. In addition, the satellite data can be used for analysis, monitoring situations, including the development of service systems such as a Satellite Information Service (Medium Description) to track the changes of the Earth's surface and hourly weather from various satellites. It has been in continuous operation since 2011 and now has new efficient satellites. Into orbit it provides standard satellite imagery and value added data from Polar Orbit satellites and orbiting satellites (Geo-stationary) to support disaster management planning and modeling of major economic crops in the country as a whole and the monitoring of air volume in the atmosphere, which GISTDA broadcasts publicly.
Moisture Mapping from Satellite Data. Moisture mapping from satellite data is the use of satellite data to support and make measurements in that area in the form of a moisture map. Drought indices are analyzed in conjunction with a field survey to collect soil moisture data to determine drought hazard areas from satellite data, the only physical data using the moisture content of the soil or vegetation obtained from the survey, was collected from the areas of Nakhon Ratchasima and Nakhon Sawan.
Are the agricultural areas that the farmers are planting or cultivating in low-lying areas? If you live in that area, you should avoid planting at that time, or you should choose to plant drought-resistant plants and plan to provide enough water throughout the season.
Development of a monitoring system for crop cultivation in the country.
GISTDA uses space technology and geo-informatics to support the implementation of governmental agricultural land management. The major economic crops are rice, maize, cassava and sugarcane. By monitoring the situation of the four main economic crops for 2 weeks based on satellite data and analysis of planting time of each area, GISTDA has developed a monitoring system for crop cultivation in the country. It is
an online mapping service. Relevant agencies can access and make use of current information to use for effective management.
Forest Change Tracking System: High-resolution satellite imagery was analyzed in conjunction with GIS for tracking and analyzing changes in forest areas, using maps and comparisons of forest areas in the past. The relevant agencies will be utilized to effectively manage forest resources. The system has been expanded to include the extension of the service area from the Dongphayayen-Khao Yai to cover the whole country. Other changes include increasing the Web Feature Service, importing event details, to be able to search by a coordinated tracking system using Google analytics, export and map printing. Moreover, there is forest cover area information based on the Fundamental Geographic Data Set (FGDS). The forest information layer complies with the standard in international standards. This is an analysis and interpretation of satellite imagery or field surveys. It includes the forest cover of both natural forests and plantations. The result of the data compilation of forest cover in Thailand has been completed. They are as follows. The total forest cover is 102,229,048 rai or approximately 163,566.48 square kilometers in 72 provinces (except for Nakhon Pathom, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya and Ang Thong) or 31.88 percent of Thailand (GISTDA, 2015a).
Change of coastal areas in Thailand, this is due to changes in the natural environment and construction activities in coastal areas. It analyzes changes occurring in critical areas and predicts future changes that have applied geo-informatics technology to the related data, such as data from coastal radar systems and field data to support the management of coastal areas of Thailand based on Thailand-based satellite image analysis, Thaioil and LANDSAT. A critical area with an erosion rate of more than 5 meters per year in the first five provinces that encountered the most erosion during 2011-2014 was Bangkok (average 21.5 meter annually), followed by Samut prakarn (19.5 meter annually), Ranong (14 meter annually), Chantaburi (average 11 meter annually) and Trad (8 meter annually).
Support for the implementation of key projects assigned by government policies. In addition to the main missions, GISTDA is also committed to meeting policies such as The Monkey Cheek Project at Nhong Leng Puey. This is a project of the Royal Initiative, by bringing space and geo-informatics technology to support the
management of land and water for agriculture in the area. The area is about 887 rai, located in 3subdistricts and 2districts of Kalasin province that captures approximately 5 million cubic meters of rain per year. It is also home to 3 electric pumping stations.
In the rainy season, the water is full, and the volume of water exceeds the capacity during May to September, but in the dry season, the water is almost dry with insufficient water for agriculture. From the survey, it was found that the sloping surface of the sediment was deposited on sediment thus reducing water storage and creating the need to dredge deeply and broadly. GISTDA has joined the area to support the use of satellite data to help manage land and water for agriculture in the area by using satellite imagery aerial figures (UAV) with mobile mapping from satellite image processing and satellite geospatial services (mobile operating vehicle) with panorama equipment to plan the Monkey Cheek Project to be more effective and cooperate with the Royal Irrigation Department with a study the physical area, such as the height of the area, waterways of the surrounding rivers for management and development of additional water resources. It also provides knowledge about techniques and methods of collecting land conversion data for the volunteers of the Kruatthongpraphat Foundation to provide information on conversion areas to the community to plan water management and future use.
Pilot project in integrated problem solving and area development in Kaen Makrud sub-district, Ban Rat district, Uthaithani province (under Royal Patronage).
They have compiled information from satellite and geo-informatics for management of the area in 4 villages covering 14,454 rai by using data from high-resolution satellites, Thai Chot and geo-related information to be used in spatial management such as base preparation land, using Conversion Factsheet Management and solutions for water for consumption and agriculture and forest change tracking. The result of the project is the people in the four villages in the project area have better food and quality of life, self-reliance by introducing the concept to the community and local development to be an integrated area to solve problems and develop the prototype for use in other areas. Also it is used in sustainable land management.
Moreover, to increase service efficiency, GISTDA has operated the activity of Research and development prototype in management, including making projects to satisfy fiscal year service users such as a LANDSAT application for surface
temperature monitoring was developed using tree-based enumeration of satellite imagery, installation of data storage devices from agricultural plots, spatial modeling program to track the movement of objects on the surface.
Innovation development. For both internal and external stability, GISTDA has focused on working with the partner networks. It also develops the infrastructure and personnel development for GISTDA to support future operations, including the prototype cooperation between the Vietnam satellite system and the Thai satellites.
This will enhance the use of satellite imagery jointly, hosting training with the Thailand Microsatellite Symposium with the topic of “Microsatellite Technology and Its Sustainable Development in Thailand” to be a forum for sharing information. Also providing feedback on the related actions, present and future development in the future. It also organizes activities and projects on space technology to develop researchers, focusing on developing knowledge, adding experience and the capacity building. Researchers participate in and support activities such as CanSat Workshop and Artificial Rocket Camp.
Product and service development. In order to meet the needs of its customers continuously, GISTDA has entered into a business alliance with overseas satellite operators both Satellite and Optical System Details (0.5-1.5 meters) such as Pleiades 1A & 1B, SPOT 6 & 7, KOMSAT 1 & 2 and radar satellite systems, such as TerraSAR-X. In 2557, total sales and services of 157 million baht were free of charge, providing services to government agencies of 123 million baht to promote the use of satellite data in a cost-effective manner. The service is free of charge to government agencies of 95 million baht, and in 2558, the company provided satellite data services, both for sale and free of charge, totaling 95 million baht (government services 87 million baht education institutions 3 million baht, private 5 million baht). In 2559, the company provided satellite data services with a total value 107 million baht (3 million baht, private 6million baht and foreign agencies 17 million baht). Government agencies are using satellite information and geospatial information to take advantage of important factors (GISTDA, 2017) as follows:
1) Water Resources Management, such as the survey of 28 reservoirs of the Bureau of Geological Survey and Engineering, Royal Irrigation Department, oil spill detection at the beach of Ranot District, Songkhla Province, Department of
Mineral Fuels and the beach change project, Satun and Krabi by the National Marine Park Operations Center 3 Trang.
2) Agricultural production planning, such as plantation and oil palm plantation in Prachuap Khiri Khan, Ranong, Chumphon and Krabi by Kasetsart University, survey of rice cultivation area and area in highlands of the Office of the Research Fund and monitoring the rice situation throughout the country.
3) Utilization of land, such as analysis of land use change in Chaloem Phra Kiat National Park area, Narathiwat province, wildlife and plants. Also land use (Department of Social Development and Welfare, Phetchabun), study of changes in land use, Mae Chaem District, Chiang Mai.
4) Urban and social planning, such as geo-informational projects, buildings, public buildings, barricades, phase 2 of the National Housing Authority, preparation of disaster databases and information systems for victims, Thai Red Cross Society relief team or Flood disaster monitoring project of GISTDA.
5) For security purpose, such as the planning of the Intelligence Directorate department in defense of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, used in defense missions, border security along Thailand and the Kingdom of Cambodia at the headquarters of the 6th Infantry Brigade.
Examples of government agencies that utilize non value-added facilities are, the Forest Department for the analysis of forest encroachment areas, the Department of Environmental Quality Promotion for Area Management Planning, Special Situation Center for Drought Prevention at national and provincial levels for use in monitoring disasters of various sectors, for educational institutions such as Geoinformatics, Burapha University to measure the movement of geological faults, the Lanna Rice Research Center, Chiang Mai University to explore the location and areas of rice cultivation in the highland areas. For use of the facilities the tariff is clearly defined and announced such as the ThaiChote satellite data fee for domestic copies and panchromatic data for government agency at 5,000 baht each and 7,000 baht each respectively for private companies and individuals.
The revenue from services provided by GISTDA, which is not budgeted for the fiscal year B.E. 2559, totaled 9.88million baht, such as the sale of satellite data at 31.6 million baht. The consultancy service for the development of the solution was
21.77 million baht, knowledge fee of 5.3 million baht and a service fee 2.53 million baht (GISTDA, 2016a).
Academic services in space and geo-informatics is one of the main tasks for the establishment operated by the Office of Knowledge Development and Transfer. It serves to transfer knowledge to government personnel and private and educational institutions, to upgrade the capabilities of personnel to be available in space technology and geospatial information. Both basic and applied levels cover the use of decision making and management for personnel at all levels and organizations.
Personnel attend annual training courses organized by GISTDA. The average attendance is 200 to 300 people per year from more than 100 units, and training courses for specific groups of about 10 units per year. For example, in 2558, training courses for the national housing Satellite Processing and Interpretation Course for the study of urban expansion in 26 provinces of Thailand, or training courses under the projects of land database in the area of the cooperative to be the center of land registration and registration of the documents of the settlement, in Tha Yang and Cha-am Phetchaburi Provincial Department of Cooperatives. In addition, there are 662 teachers and lecturers from 330 schools, including teachers, geographers, and related persons. In 2016, there were various agencies who sent personnel to jointly develop and enhance skills in the six programs of GISTDA, including 156 units, followed by monitoring and evaluation after the training. Trainees can apply the knowledge to take advantage of their responsibilities. The curriculum is integrated with lectures, field trips and study tours and the use of information technology to take advantage of real tasks (GISTDA, 2017).
It also organizes youth camp activities to promote and encourage learning, understanding, access to space technology and geoinformatics In addition, the development of training courses and research projects has been produced in partnership with academia and the academic networks of international and national organizations to upgrade the capabilities of personnel in both countries and in ASEAN countries, such as cooperation with the five geospatial technology and geospatial centers in the research and development of databases and networks, the Space Technology and Geo Informatics, or coordinating between GISTDA and International Space Science Institute (ISSI) and Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation
Organization (APSCO) to co-host training and developing human resources in “1st Space Science School” course in October 2016. Now, GISTDA will open its own International Space Research and Training Center for Geospatial Technology to support international research training at Space Krenovation Park, Sriracha Chonburi.
Social Services. To give everyone the opportunity to access and use geospatial information in organized activities according to government policy, to develop, promote and support the use of geo-information, such as online information systems.
The focus is on effective data sharing to help reduce duplication of data and to save the overall budget of the country, with its operation. It is fast, and users do not need any programming skills to save money on installation costs and reduce user investment. It also provides open, shared, up-to-date information and a unity of information for the problems and barriers of system availability, such as an infrastructure server. It is not compatible with many users at the same time and the internal data layers must be categorized to be more efficient and knowledgeable for use. The training is currently available to those interested. In addition, the Space Krenovation Park (SKP), which is responsible for promoting and driving innovation in space and management of space for business and commercial applications and innovation in the development of space and geo-information technology between external agencies and operators. It is located in an area that is known as a tourist center of the East and also provides opportunities for students and agencies, both public and private, domestic and international visits to various businesses.