NHUNG VAN BE CHUNG VE LjCH SIT D A N G
O A U T R A N H TREN LINH VUC V A N H D A , T U TUD1MG IJ MIEN BAC
THOI K Y 1 9 5 4 - IBBD
NGUYEN TRONG KHUE*
T
hye hien Hiep dmh Gioneva (7-1954), mien Bac nudc ta hoan loan giai phong, budc sang thdi ky khoi phuc kinh te, phat trien van hoa. Cupe dau tranh giai cap d mien Bae tiep tyc dien ra rat gay go, quyet liet. Bpn phan each mang da lpi dyng cho yeu va so hd ciia ta tren ITnh vyc van hoa - nghe thuat de tan cong, liing doan tu tudng, pha hoai ve mat chinh tri.Thdi ky dau khoi phuc kinh te, trudc the each mang len cao, bpn phan dpng chua xuat dau 16 dien, chi ngam ngam chong doi. Khi Dang va Chinh phii ta phat hien sai lam trong cai each nipng dat va chinh don to chirc; khi d mot so nude trong he thong XHCN xay ra mot so vy bao loan phan each mang'; khi quan diem ciia chii nghTa xet lai xuat hien thi nhung phan tii phan dong eho day la thdi co den, da ra sire hoat dpng chong pha each mang. Chung doi chia quyen lanh dao vdi Dang, doi dua ngirdi ciia chiing vao Quoc hpi, doi md rpng dan chii; da kich sy lanh dao cua Dang, gay be phai, am muu lat do Chinh phii.
Mot si phan tir phan dpng cau ket vdi nhau, loi keo van nghe sT, tri thirc, sinh vien bat man, pha
Vien Lich sir Cong an
hoai cong eupc xay dyng CNXH d mien Bac nudc ta. Tren ITnh vyc van hoc nghe thuat, chiing doi van nghe phai tach khoi sy lanh dao ciia Dang, doi "tra van nghe cho van nghe sy"...
Nguy hiem hon, chiing nup dudi danh nghTa
"trung thanh vdi chu nghTa epng san" de chong lai sy lanh dao eong tae tu tudng va ehii truang cai tao XHCN cua Dang. Tren ITnh vyc tu ludng, chiing ho hao "chii nghTa epng san la thien dirdng ciia ty do tu tudng" de doi "Ur do tu tudng" theo quan diem ciia giai cap tu san. Chiing bi mat km hanh sach, bao, van hoa pham doi truy, tai ban mot so sach co npi dung lang man. Chimg nup dudi chieu bai van nghe de tan eong vao mat Iran tu tudng van hoa eiia ta. Tinh hinh do da chimg to cae phan tir phan dpng, nhiing ten tay sai cu eua dich va nhiing ten gian diep cai lai da cau ket vdi nhau ngam ngam chong lai each mang, chong dirdng loi lanh dao cua Dang, chong pha cong eupc xay dyng CNXH d nudc ta.
Lue dau, do nhan thire cua ta doi vdi nhung phan hi phan dpng eon chua that ro rang, chua nam bat kip thai am muu, thu doan ciia dich nen doi pho con cham.
Nhiing hoat dpng ciia cac nhom phan dpng da dupe dl quoc My va tay sai d mien Nam cong
TAP CHI LICH SU BANG-SO 11/2008 19
NHUNG VAN BE CHUNG VE LICH SU B A N G
khai img hp. Dai phat thanh va nhieu bao ehi cua chinh quyen Sai Gon sao chep lai, hiyen truyen nham CO vii, khich le hoat dpng chong doi.
Ngay 6-1-1958, Bo Chi'nh tri Trung uong Dang da ra Nghj quyet so 30 NQ/TW ve viee chan chinh cong tae van nghe. Nghi quyet neu ro: "Tinh hinh tren day la nhirng mieng dat tot eho nhirng phan tir thii dich tien hanh nhiing hoat dong pha hoai nham vao cho yeu ciia mat Iran van nghe, nhat la dua vao sy ma ho ve lap trudng tu tudng eua so dong van nghe sT.
nhirng phan tir pha hoai da tiep tyc hoat dong va tac hai mot each nghiem trpng. Ro rang nhirng phan tir chong doi ehii nghTa xa hpi, chong Dang da nhan cho sa hd cua ta ma tiep tuc tan eong ta ve mat tu tudng dudi hinh thiic van nghe. Sy boat dpng ciia nhirng phan tir pha hoai trong gidi van nghe la mot hien tuang het sire nguy hiem, mot van de cap bach can giai quyet .
Quan triet Nghj quvet cua Bp Chinh tri, nganh cong an da xae dinh nhiem vy dau tranh chong cae nhom phan dpng tren ITnh vyc van hoa - tu tudng, ket hgp chat ehe giua cac hoi van hda van nghe va eae ea quan lien quan vach Iran cac am muu. thii doan ciia chiing. Cong tac chuyen mon eiia cong an la thu thap tai lieu, ehung cir ve hoat dong chong pha ciia chimg de Dang va cac nganh van hoa, klioa hoc, nghe thuat tien hanh dau tranh tu tuong tim ra nhimg to chirc bi mat va cac moi lien he cua chirng.
Thye hien sy lanh dao cua Dang, eae nganh tuyen huan, van hoa da to chirc nhung cuoc tranh luan tren cae tap ehi, noi san vira de vach Iran am muu pha hoai ciia djch, \'ira nang cao lap trudng quan diem cho can bo dang vien. Cac nganh van hoc - nghe thuat dau tranh loai trir nhimg hien tiraim khong lanh manh ra khoi ITnh vuc van hoa
- van nghe, chan chinh, sua doi the le, ehe do kiem duyet, xuat ban, luu hanh sach bao.
Trong eupc dau tranh nay, Cong an nhan dan da phat huy vai tro nong cot trong cong tae nam tinh hinh, ed ke hoach trien khai cae bien phap eong tac, nam nhung phan hi xau trong van nghe sT; tich eye xay dyng ea sd, lam ro am muu, to chiic va hoat dpng ciia bpn phan each mang de de xuat vdi cap uy Dang cd bien phap xir ly phii hop. Mat khae, nganh cong an da phoi hop vdi nganh van hoa to chiic cho can bp, cong nhan vien chiic phat hien va len an nhimg hanh dong eua bpn phan dpng, phat dpng quan chiing cung cap tin tlie, tai lieu; phat hien va dau tranh vdi eae phan hi van nghe sT ed bieu hien chong doi, lam tay sai cho dich.
Bpn phan each mang hoat dpng dien cuong nhat la trong thdi ky Dang tien hanh eong tac sira sai cai each rupng dat va chinh don to chire.
Chiing lpi dyng van hoc - nghe thuat de liing doan ve mat tu tudng, am muu cau ket vdi de quoc My va be lu tay sai d mien Nam, kieh dong quan chiing pha hoai sy lanh dao ciia Dang, lat do chinh quyen dan chu nhan dan.
Thye te eupc dau tranh chong phan each mang tren ITnh vyc van hoa, tu tudng thdi ky nay da chimg minh: d nhung budc chuyen eua each mang, khi cupe dau tranh giai cap trd nen gay go quyet liet thi nhimg the lye phan each mang thudng tim cho yeu, sa hd ciia ta tren ITnh vyc van hoa, nghe thuat de tan eong ve mat hr tirdng.
De dau tranh gianh thang lai. trudc het phai bam sat sy lanh dao eiia Dang, dya vao quan chiing, ket hop tinh tich cyc ciia quan chiing vdi cong tac eiia cac ca quan chuyen mon. Nhd xae dinh diing doi tuong, danh gia dimg am muu, thii doan hoat
(Tiep theo trang 26)
20 TAP CHI LICH SU BANG-SO 11/2008
SUNGHIEPVATUTUONGHOCHIMINH
dan. Lanh dao tuyet d6i khong theo duoi quan chiing nhung phai lang nghe y kien eua quan chiing; phai ban bac vai quan chiing; phai hpe, hoi. hieu va tin quan chiing. Nang lye va vai tro cua Dang cam quyen ehi eo the phat huy dupe khi gan bo vai quan ehung. Mot khi Dang "each xa dan chiing, khong lien he chat ehe vai dan chiing, cung nhu dung la limg giiia trai, nhat dinh that bai"^
Nhiing van de neu tren kh6ng chi eo y nghTa va dem lai thanh qua to Ion truac day ma van con nguyen gia tri ly luan va thye tien trong boi canh hien nay. Trong the giai loan cau hoa, vai tro ciia Dang trong viec xay dyng the ehe kinh te thi truang dinh huong xa hpi chii nghTa eang het sue quan trpng. Neu Dang sai lam ve duong I6i, thieu tri lue. ban ITnh. each lanh dao hop long dan thi sy nghiep d6i mai se gap kho klian Ion. Dang ta nhan manh c6ng cupe xay dimg dat nuac. thye hien myc tieu dan giau. nuac manh. c6ng bang, dan ehii. van minh tren nen tang tu tuong Ho Chi Minh la khang djnh mot mat rat quan trpng thupc vai tro va trach nhiem ciia Dang Cong san Viet Nam cam quyen.
1. Vien Ho Chi Minh; Ho Chi Minh song mdi Irong Irai lim nhdn loai. NXB Lao dong - NXB Quan doi nhan dan, H, 1993, tr. 62
2. Lenin Toan lap, Tiln bo. M. 1978, T.43, tr. 276 3..%/, T44.tr. 189
4. Ho (77/ .\ linh Toctn lap CTQG, H, 2000, T.9, tr. 176 5. Sdd T.8, tr. 228
6. .9^^/, T5.tr. 286.
DAU TRANH TREN L I N H VlTC...
(Tiep theo trang 20)
dpng pha hoai ciia dich; phan tich sy cau ket ciia cae nhom phan dpng vai bpn gian diep cai lai va nhiing ten tay sai ciia dich; ehi ro ranh giai dich - ta, tinh trang mat canh giae eiia mot so nguofi..., hi do Dang ta da uon nan nhirng thieu sot, lech lac, de ra duong 161, phuang cham, chinh sach va bien phap dau tranh diing dan va sang tao, vira thuc hien chuyen chinh vira bao dam dan chii, lanh dao cupe dau franh mot each manh me, vimg chae, can ban lam that bai am muu va hoat dong pha hoai ciia dich.
Hien nay, lpi dyng ehinh sach hpi nhap mo cira, eac the lyc thii dich tiep tyc day manh thye hien am muu "dien bien hoa binh" phan each mang nham xoa bo vai tro lanh dao ciia Dang va ehe dp XHCN a Viet Nam. Chiing lpi dyng van de dan chii, nhan quyen, ton giao, dan toe de kieh dpng, ho trp cho eae phan tu chong doi hinh thanh cac t6 chirc chinh trj doi lap hong gay mat 6n dinh chinh tri - xa hpi.
Nhiing kinh nghiem dau tranh chong phan each mang tren ITnh vuc van hoa - tu Urong trong thod ky khang chien chong My, eiin nuac, nhat la nhiing nam 1954-1960, co y nghTa quan trong trong cupe dau tranh bao ve an ninh, trat ty hien nay, nham mai sac tinh than, dap tan mpi am muu, thii doan ciia cac the lyc phan dpng, thii djch, bao ve viing chae an ninh quoc gia, giir gin trat Ur an toan xa hoi, phyc vy dae lye sy nghiep d6i mai, day manh CNH, HDH dk nuac.
1. Vy bao loan phan each mang a Hunggari va Ba Lan (nam 1956)
2. Vdn kien Ddng, T. Ill, Ban nghien cim long ket Bo Cong an xuat ban nam 1971. tr. 207.
26 TAP CHl UCHSU BANG-SO 11/2008
