KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
AiVH HUOlXiG CUA THOI VLI GHEP DEIV TY LE SOIVG VA SIlXlH TRUQIVG CLIA CAlMH GHEP CLIA IVIOT SO
GIOIXIG IXIA IMHAP IMOI
Nguyen Tin Thu Huong^ Nguy6n Qude HungS Nguyfin Ti^n Huy^n^
T6MTAT
Nghien cuu bi^n phap ley thuat nhan gidng mot sd gidng na nhap noi bang phuoTig phap ghep nhkn muc tieu xac dinh dugc thoi vu ghep thich hop cho gidng na 03 va na Dira de kip thai dua gidng na mm vao san xuat. Nghien cihi diroc thuc hien tir nam 2017-2019 tai Vien Nghien cini Rau qua. Thi nghiem dugrc bd tri theo khdi nglu nhien hoan toan (RCBD), mdi cong thiic 200 cay, nhac lai 3 1^. Thi nghiem duoc thuc hien voi 8 cong thiic, td hop tir 4 thoi vu ghep: 15/9, 15/11, 15/1, 15/3 va 2 giong na- na 03 va na Diia. Thi nghiem su dung gidng na 03 va gidng na Diia ghep tren gidng na dai bang phuong phap ghep doan canh.
Ket qua nghi&n ciiu thu duoc cho thay, gidng na 03 va na Diia dupe ghep tien gidng na dai (Annona squamosa) voi phuong phap ghep doan canh co then vu ghep thich hpp khac nhau. Gidng na 03 co thai vu ghep thich hpp vao 15/1, cho thoi gian bat mira sau ghep ngan, ty 1& cay bat mdm cao, dat 85,6-87,3% sau ghep 30 ngay, thoi gian cay dii tieu chuan xuat vuon dat 60.8-65,5 ngay va ty le cay xuat vuon dat 80,2-84,2%.
Gidng na Diia co thai vu ghep thich hpp vao 15/3, cho thai gian bat mam sau ghep ngdn, ty le cay bat mdm cao, dat 90,7-92,3% sau ghep 30 ngay, thai gian cay du tieu chuan xuat vuon dat 58,3-66,0 ngay va ty le cay xuat vuon dat 87,7-88,1%.
Tiikhba: Nhan gidng, thoi vugbep, na 03, na Diia, gidng nhap noi.
I.DATVANDE
Nhiing nam gan day, difen tich tidng na b Viet Nam tang ldn kha nhanh, hinh thanh cac vung san xuat na tap trung d cac tinh nhu: Lang Son, SOTI La, Ha Nam, Bac Giang, Quang Ninh, Ba Ria - Vung Tau,... vdi cac gidng dja phuong la na dai va na bd va da cho hieu qua kinh te cao cho ngudi san xuat na.
Tuy nhien, tai cac vimg tidng na, ngudi dan chu yeu tiong bang hat nen cay tidng hi phan ly, qua khong ddng ddu, nang suat chat luong qua cdn thap (Vu Cdng Hau, 1996; Nguyen Van Ke, 2014). Ngoai ra, gidng na dai va na bd cd thdi gian thu hoach gidng nhau nen gay ap luc cho viee tieu thu san pham.
Ngoai san xuat xuat hidn mot sd gidng na nhap noi cho hieu qua kmh te cao, tiong dd gidng na 03 duoc Vien Nghien cuu Rau qua tuyen chpn, khao nghiem va da duoc Bo Ndng nghiep va PTNT cong nhan la gidng san xuat thii d cac tinh phia Bac. Ngoai ra, gidng na Dua nhap ndi dang duoc Vien Nghien cuu Rau qua danh gia la gidng cd trien vgng, gidng cd khdi lugng qua dat tien 500 gam va chat luong qua tdt, dd bnx dat tien 25%. Hai gidng na deu ed kha nang phat tiien md rpng dien tich san xuat cho cac tinh phia Bac. 6 cac tinh phia Nam, nhan gidng na ehu yen ap dung phuong phap ghep ap tien cay me
' Vien Nghien ciiu Rau qua - Truang Cao dang Nong nghiep Nam bp
va ghep quanh nam (Nguyfen Van Thu va cs, 2008), cdn d cae tinh phia Bac viec ghep na la bien phap ky thuat mdi, ngudi dan chu ydu sit dung phuong phap nhan gidng bang gieo hat. O An Do, thdi vu ghep na tiiich hop la thang 4 va tiiang 8 Goshi, P. S, 2011), la thang 5 vdi mat ghep dang d giai doan ngu nghi (Sunil Kumar va A K. Shukla, 2012). Vi vay, ciing vdi viee tuyen chpn gidng, Vien Nghien cihi Rau qua da tien hanh nghien cuu xac dinh thdi vu ghep thich hop cho eac gidng na nhap noi tien de kip thai nhan nhanh gidng phuc vu san xuat d cac tinh phia Bac.
2 . VAT UEU VA PHUDNG PHAP NGHIBU CUU 2.LV|itMu
Vat lieu nghien cuu gdm 2 gidng na nhap noi:
gidng na 03 va gidng na Diia va gdc ghep la gidng na dai. Cay gdc ghep dupe gieo hat tiong tiii bau kich thudc 13 X 15 cm va dupe trdng thanh ludng d vudn uom nhan gidng cay an qua ctia Vien Nghien cuu Rau qua.
2.2. Phirong ph^p nghi6n cijtu
Su dung phuong phap ghep doan canh cho tat ea cac thdi vu ghep thi nghiem. Tien hanh ghep khi cay gdc ghep cd dudng kinh gdc dat 1 cm tid len va duoc ghep each mat ban 20-25 cm. Su dung canh ghep 7-9 thang tudi, cd dudng kinh canh dat 0,8-1,0 cm, khdng bi sau benh hai.
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 5/2020
KHOA HOC C 6 N 6 N B H t Thi nghiem dugc bo tri theo khoi ngiu nhien
hoan toan (RCBD), g6m 8 cong thiic, m6i cong thtic 200 cay, nhac lai 3 lan. Thi nghiem dugc bo tri voi 2 nhan to, voi 4 nhan td thai vu: 15/9, 15/11, 15/1 va 15/3; 2 nhan td gidng: na 03 va na Diia. Nghien ciiu dugc thuc hien tu thing 1 nam 2017 den 7 nam 2019 voi 8 cong thirc (CT):
CT 1: ghep 15/9, gidng na 03; CT 2: ghep 15/11, gidng na 03; CT 3: ghep 15/1, gidng na 03; CT 4:
ghep 15/3, gidng na 03; CT 5: ghep 15/9, gidng na Diia; CT 6: ghep 15/11. gidng na Diia; CT 7: ghep 15/1, gidng na Diia; CT 8: ghep 15/3, gidng na Diia.
Chi tieu theo doi: thdi gian cay bat diu bat mim sau ghep, ty le cay bat mam a thdi diem sau ghep 10 va 30 ngay; tdc dp tang hnidng chi^u dai canh ghep d thdi diem sau ghep 1 thing va 3 thing, thdi gian cay
gidng du tieu chuan xuat vuon. ty le cay gion« ''"
tieu chuan xuat vutm sau ghep 3 thing, chieu dai cinh ghep.
Cac sd liSu nghien ciiu thu dugc duoc xu ly T ' "
phin mem Microsoft Excel vi chuong i™^
IRRISTAT5.0.
3.KngUAVATHA0lUAN
3.1. Anh huong dia thoi vu ghip d& ty It sdng cua cay gidng na 03 vi gidng na Diia nhip nd>
Kha nang thinh cong buoc dau ciia viec nhin gidng mdi loai cay trdng noi chung vi cay na noi rieng la ty Ie cay bit mim sau ghep. Ty le ciy bit mim cing cao cho khi nang thinh cong vi hieu qua kinh td trong sin xuit cay gidng cang cao. Ty le cay bat mam sau ghep cua cic gidng na g cic thdi vu ghep khic nhau dugc trinh biy o bang 1.
Bing 1. Anh hudng cua thdi vu gh6p den ty 16 sdt
Gidng
Na03
Na Dua Trung
binh gidng Trung binh thdivu
ghep
\ Chi tieu
Thdi vu g h e p \ 15/9 15/11 15/1 15/3 15/9 15/11
15/1 15/3 Na03 NaDiia 15/9 15/11
15/1 15/3 CV(X) LSD„a,(G) LSD„„s (TV) LSDgiifi ta^nl
Thdi gian ciy bit diu bat mam sau ghep (ngay) Nam 2017- 2018 14,3 12,5 8,6 7,8 15.4 10,3 6,4 6,1 10,8 9,6 14,9 11,4 7,5 7,0 12,1 2.8 3,2 4,4
Nam 2018- 2019 14,5 12,6 8,8 7,7 15,3 10,0 6,5 6,2 10,9 9,5 14,9 11,3 7,7 7,0 10,8
2,2 3,8 4,5
ig ciia ciy i yidng na 03 v i gidng na Diia nhap nOi Tyle ciy b i t m i m
sau ghep 10 ngiy (%) Nam
2017- 2018 2,2 15,5 45,4 48,5 3,4 14,6 51,8 58.7 27,9 32,1 2,8 15,1 48,6 53,6
Nam 2018-2019
2,5 16,2 46,8 49,0 2,8 13,5 52,0 59,7 28.7 32,0 2,7 14,9 49,4 54,4
Ty le ciy b i t mam sau ghep 30 ngiy (%) Nam 2017
-2018 15,7 36,2 85,6 75,3 16,8 29,9 89,8 90,7 53,2 56,8 16,3 33,1 87,7 83,0
Nim 2018- 2019 15,0 38,2 87,3 71,4 16,3 27,6 80,5 92,3 53,2 54,2 16,2 32,9 83,9 81,9
Ket qui nghien cuu thu dugc d bang 1 cho thay, thdi gian niy deu giim din tii thoi vu ghep 15/9 g^^
thdi gian cay bit diu bat mam sau ghep khong cd su thai vu ghep 15/3. O thoi vu ghep 15/1 va 15/3^ o^^
khac biet co y nghia thdng ke d miic tin ciy 95% giiia gian bit diu bat mim sau ghep g giong „g QJ ^^
2 gidng na thi nghiem. Trtn cung 1 gidng thdi vu gidng na Diia ddu ngin hon so voi o then vy ^^^^^
ghep khac nhau cd inh hudng ro ret ddn thai gian 15/9 vi 15/11. 6 cic Ihoi vu ghep 15/1 vi 15/3^ ^ ^^
cay bit diu bit mim sau ghep. O ci 2 gidng, khoing 2 gidng na cinh ghep da ning li. trii qua thin ky ^^^
12 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G THON - KY 2 - THANG S/ZQJQ
KHOA HOC C 6 N G N G H £
nghi vi chuan bi ra lpc moi, do viy thdi gian bit mam sau ghep ngin vi ty le bit mim cao hon so vdi cic thdi vu ghep 15/9 vi 15/11.
Bdi vdi gidng na 03 d ci 2 vu ghep (nam 2017- 2018 vi nam 2018-2019), ty le bit mam g cic thdi diem theo doi sau ghep 10 ngiy tang dan tir thdi vu ghep 15/9 den thm vu ghep 15/3. Ty 16 bit mim dat tii 2,2 vi 2,5% d thdi vu ghep 15/9 den 48,5 vi 49,0% d thdi vu ghep 15/3. 6 thdi diem sau ghep 30 ngiy, ty 16 bit mim dat cao nhat d thdi vu ghep 15/1, dat 85,6% vi 87,3%, hep theo d thdi vu ghep 15/3, ty le cay bit mim dat 75,3% vi 71,4%.
Ddi vdi gidng na Du:a, ca 2 thdi diem theo doi 10 vi 30 ngiy sau ghep g ci 2 vu ghep nam 2017-2018 vi nam 2018-2019, ty le ciy bit mam sau ghep ddu tang dan tir thdi vu ghep 15/9 den thdi vu ghep 15/3. O thdi diem 10 ngiy sau ghep, ty le bat mim dat 3,4%
vi 2,8% g thdi vu ghep 15/9 va dat cao hon vdi 58,7%
vi 59,7% d thdi vu ghep 15/3. 6 thdi diem 30 ngiy sau ghep, ty 16 bit mim chi dat tir 16,8% vi 16,3% d thdi vu ghep 15/9 den 29,9% vi 27,6% d thdi vu ghep
15/11. Tuy nhien, sang cic thdi vu ghep 15/1 va 15/3, ty le ciy bit mam sau ghep deu dat dugc rat cao d ci 2 nam nghien cuu, ty le ciy bit mim sau ghep cua cic cong thiic ghep dat tir 80,5% den 92,3%.
Trong dd, d thdi vu ghep 15/3 gidng na Diia cho ty Ie ciy bat mam sau ghep dat dupe cap hon, dap dgng tii 90,7-92,3%
Tir cic kdt qui nghien ciru thu dugc d tren da chp thay, ci 2 gidng na 03 vi na Diia ghep tren gidng na dai (Anona squamosa) deu cd ty 16 ciy bit mam cap, dat 85,6-87,3% b-en gidng na 03 d thdi vu ghep 15/1 vi dat 90,7-92,3% d gidng na Diia d thdi vu ghep 15/3. Ket qua nghien ciiu thu dugc nay la phii hgp vdi cic nghien ciiu tnroc diy da dugc cong bd ring loii Anona squamosa cd the su dung lim gdc ghep cho cac loii Anona squamosa vi Anona atemoya (A Cde Pmto aia/, 2005).
3.2. Anh huong cua thdi vu ghdp d^n khi nang ting trudng chi^u cao cinh ghdp cua cic gidng na nhip nOi
Bing 2. Anh hudng cua thdivu ghdp ddn khi niiig ting trudng chi^ cao cinh ghdp dia cic gidng na nhip npi Gidng
Na03
Na Diia
Trung binh gidng Trung binh thdi vu ghep
^ ^ ^ X h i ti6u Thdi vu ghep ^ ^ ^ ^
Ghep 15/9 Ghep 15/11 Ghep15/1 Ghep15/3 Ghep15/9 Ghep 15/11
Ghep15/1 Ghep 15/3 Na03 NaDiia
15/9 15/11 15/1 15/3 CV(%) LSD„„(G) LSDo„ (TV) h^ilam icn.!
Chidu cao cinh ghep sau ghep 1 thing cm) Nam 2017-2018
10,2 11,2 15,2 15,7 10,8 10,5 16,7 17,8 13,1 14,0 10,5 10,9 16,0 16,8 12,7 2,6 1,5 3,5
Nam 2018- 2019 11,5 12,7 16,5 16,0 9,7 11,2 16,8 18,3 14,2 14,0 10,6 12,0 16,7 17,2 15,4 3,4 2,8 3,4
Chieu cao cinh ghep sau ghep 3 thing (cm) Nam 2017-
2018 42,2 42,4 59,7 59,6 40,5 41,3 55,9 57,8 51,0 48,9 41,4 41,9 57,8 58,7 14,7 2,8 3,7 4,2
Nam 2018- 2019 42,8 43,4 48,7 57,2 41,2 43,5 54,8 58,6 48,0 49,5 42,0 43,5 51,8 57,9 15,2 1,7 2,9 4,8
N 6 N G NGHIEP V A PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 5/2020
KHOA HOC CONG NGHl Ket qua nghien ciiu thu dugc d bang 2 cho thiy,
k h i nang tang trudng chidu cao canh ghep cua cic gidng na nhip ndi khong cd su sal khac cd y nghia thdng ke g miic tin cay 95% d cic thai diem theo doi.
Tuy nhi6n, g c i hai gidng na nhip npi dugc nghien ciiu, thdi vu ghep khac nhau ngoii cho thdi gian bit m i m sau ghep va ty Ie bit mim khic nhau, k h i nang tang trudng chidu cao canh ghep cung rit khic nhau.
Kha nang tang h-udng chieu cao cinh ghep d thdi diem sau ghep 1 thing cua mdi gidng, d c i 2 thai vu ghep 15/9 v i 15/11, chidu cao canh ghep dat thap hon thdi vu ghep 15/1 vi 15/3, sai khic cd y nghia thdng ke d miic xic suit 95% d ca 2 vu ghep.
Sau ghep 1 thing, chieu cao canh ghep d gidng na 03 v i gidng na Diia d vu ghep nam 2017-2018 dat
lan lugt li: 10,2 cm vi 10,8 cm (thdi vu ghep l 5 / ^ \ ' 11,2 cm v i 10,5 cm (thdi vu ghep 15/11): 15.2 '='" " "
16,7 cm (thdi vu ghep 15/1) v i 15,7 cm vi 17,8 cm (thai vu ghep 15/3). Chidu cao cinh ghep ogionB " ' ' 03 v i gidng na Diia d vu ghep nam 2018-2019 dat lan luat li: 11,5 cm vi 9,7 cm (then vu ghep 15/9'' 12,7 cm va 11,2 cm (thdi vu ghep 15/11); 16,5 cm va 16,8 cm (thdi vu ghep 15/1); 16,0 cm v i 18,3 cm (thdi vu ghep 15/3). Kha nang sinh hucmg cua cinh ghep dat dugc hiong hr d lan theo dpi 3 thing sau ghep, chidu cao cinh ghep d ca 2 gidng deu dat cao nhit d cic thdi vu ghep 15/1 v i 15/3.
3.3. Anh huong cua thdi vu ghdp ddn (hdi gian xuit vudn va chat lugng ciy gidng ciia cic gidng na nhip nOi
Bang 3. Anh hudng cua thdi vu ghep den thdi gian xuit vudn va chat luong ciy gidng cua cac^gidng
Gidng
Na03
Na Diia
Trung binh gidng Trung binh thdi vu ghep
^ \ Clii tieu
Thai vu ghep ^ ^ Ghep15/9 Ghep 15/11
Ghep 15/1 Ghep 15/3 Ghep 15/9 Ghep15/11 Ghep 15/1 Ghep 15/3 Na03 NaDiia
15/9 15/11 15/1 15/3 CV(%) LSD„(G) LSDo,o, (TV) LSD0DS(Q.Y\i
Thdi gian cay dii tieu chuan xuit vudn (ngiy) Nim 2017- 2018 101,5 100,5 65,5 71,7 102,4 102,6 72,5 66,0 84,8 85,9 102,0 101,6 69,0 68,9 15,7 3,6 4,2 4,5
Nam 2018- 2019 105,2 106,6 60,8 69,5 103,5 105,7 58,2 58,3 85,5 81,4 104,4 106,2 59,5 63,9 13,5 4,8 3,4 4,8
Ty 16 ciy dat tieu chuan xuit vudn sau
ghep 3 thing (%) Nam
2017- 2018 13,5 31,4 84,2 74,1 13,7 26,3 81,3 87,7 50,8 52,3 13,6 28,9 82,8 80,9
Nam 2018- 2019
12,2 30,5 80,2 69,3 12,6 24,4 78,5 88,1 48,1 50,9 12,4 27,5 79,4 78,7
nanh^nOi Chieu cao cinh ghep khi ciy xuit vudn
(cm) Nim 2017
-2018 45,3 47,0 41,5 44,3 45,8 42,3 41,4 42,7 44,5 43,1 45,6 44,7 41,5 43,5 11,5 3,5 3.0 3,8
Nim 2018- 2019 45,2 45,3 48,0 41,6 45,1 47,7 43,3 41,7 45,0 44,5 45,2 46,5 45,7 41,7 12,5
a5
0,3 4.1 ru;, . . . . , , , . ^ u ,u • vu ghep thich hgp se cno ly le cay gnep song cao Chat lupng cay giong khang nhung phu thupc ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^ ^^ y^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x u j , ,^,o„ „ g j ^ ^ |. • vip kha ning tiep hpp cua cinh ghep vi gdc ghep ma ^^^ ^^^ ^ j ^ ^ ^ ^^^ , , , j ^ cao vi giam dugc chi phi cdn phu thudc vio c i thdi vu ghep. Chpn dugc then ^^^ ^ ^ ^^^^ ^.jy p ^ „ g Tuong tu nhu mot sd cay an' 14 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 5/202o
KHOA HOC CdNG NGHE qua khac, cay gidng na khi cd chidu cao canh ghep
dat tu 40-60 cm trd len va toan bo la da thanh thuc la dat tifeu chuan xuat vudn (Cay gidng ba - Yeu cku ky thuat,TCVN 9301:2013).
Trong Cling thdi vu ghep, thdi gian hr ghep den xuat vudn khong cd su sai khac cd y nghia giira cac gidng na nhap npi. Nguoc lai, thdi gian tii ghep ddn xuat vudn hi anh hudng ro ret bdi cac thdi vu ghep khac nhau tren cimg gidng na thi nghiem.
O cac thdi vu ghep 15/1 va 15/3, hai gidng na nhap ndi deu cd thdi gian tir ghep den xuat vudn ngan hon b cac thdi vu ghep 15/9 va 15/11 va sai khac cd y nghia thdng ke b miic tin cay 95% d ca 2 vu ghep (nam 2017-2018 va nam 2018-2019). Thdi gian cay du tieu chuan xuat vudn dat 65,5-72,5 ngay d ca 2 gidng na b cac thdi vu ghep 15/1 va 15/3, trong khi d cac thdi vu ghep 15/9 vk 15/11, sau ghep 100,5-105,7 ngay cky gidng mdi dii tieu chuan xuat vudn. Vdi ca 2 gidng na, thdi gian cay du tieu chuan xuat vudn d cac thdi vu ghep 15/1 va 15/3 tuong tu nhau d ca 2 vu ghep va khong cd su sai khac cd y nghia thdng ke d miic tin cay 95%. Nhu vay vdi gidng na 03 thdi vu ghep 15/1 thdi gian tir ghep den xuM vudn da nit ngan duoc 36,0-44,4 ngay va gidng na Diia thdi vu ghep 15/3 thdi gian tir ghep den xuat vudn da nit ngSn dup€ 36,6-47,4 ngay.
Ty le cay dii tieu chuan xuat vudn la mpt trong cac chi tieu danh gia hieu qua cua bien phap nhan gidng, b ckc thdi vu ghep 15/1 va 15/3 cho ty le cay xuat vudn dat rat cao, gidng na 03 dat cao nhat d thdi vu ghep 15/1, dat 84,2% (nam 2017-2018) va 80,2%
(nam 2018-2019); dat thap hon d thdi vu ghep 15/3, dat 69,3-74,1%. Gidng na Dira cho ty le cay xuat vudn dat dupe cao nhat d thdi vu ghep 15/3, dat 87,7-88,1%
va dat thap hon vdi 78,5-81,3% d thdi vu ghep 15/1.
Cac thdi vu ghep 15/9 va 15/11 cho ty le cay dat tieu chuan xuat vudn chi dat 12,2-31,4% d ca 2 gidng na qua 2 vu ghep nam 2017-2018 va nam 2018-2019.
Vdi ket qua cac chi tieu chinh duoc danh gia cho thay, thdi vu ghep thich hpp cho 2 gidng na nhap ndi tren gdc ghep la gidng na dai trong didu kien vimg ddng bang sdng Hdng la hi thang 1 den thang 3 trude khi cay bat loc. Trong dd, thdi vu ghep thich hop nhat cho gidng na 03 la 15/1 va cho gidng na Dtra la 15/3. Cac thdi vu ghep nay cd thdi gian hi khi ghep den bat mam, tir ghep den du Ueu chuan xuat vudn ngdn va ty le cay xuat vudn cao hon so vdi cac thdi vu dupe nghien cuu khac trong nam.
4. KET LUAN
- cac thdi vu ghep khac nhau anh hudng ro ret ddn thdi gian bat chdi sau ghep, chidu cao canh ghep va thdi gian tir ghep den xuat vudn ddi vdi gidng na 03 va na Dua nhap npi dupe ghep tren gdc gidng na dai (Annona squamosa). Ckc thdi vu ghep 15/1 va 15/3 cho chat lupng cay gidng dat dupe cao hon so vdi cac thdi vu ghep 15/9 va 15/11.
- Gidng na 03 cd thdi vu ghep thich hpp nhat vao 15/1. Thdi vu ghep 15/1 cho thdi gian bat mam sau ghep ngan, ty Ie cay bat mam cao, dat 85,6-87,3% sau ghep 30 ngay; cay dat tieu chuan xuat vudn sau ghep 60,8-65,5 ngay va ty le cay xuat vudn dat 80.2-84,2%.
- Gidng na Dua cd thdi vu ghep thich hpp nhat vao 15/3. Thdi vu ghep 15/3 cho thdi gian bat mdm sau ghep ngdn, ty le cay bat mam cao, dat 90,7-92,3%
sau ghep 30 ngay; cay dat tieu chuan xuat vudn sau ghep 58,3-66,0 ngay va ty le cay xuat vudn dat 87,7- 88,1%.
TAIUEUTHAMKHAO
1. Vu Cong Hau (1996). Trdng cay an qua d Viet Nam. Nha xuat ban Nong nghiep. Ha Noi.
2. Nguyen Van Ke (2014). Cay an qua nhiet ddi.
Giong - Ky thuat trdng va cham sdc mot so' cay an qua dac san, Nha xuat ban Nong nghiep, thanh phd Hd Chi Minh.
3. Nguydn Van Thu, Mai Van Tri, Biii Xuan Khoi (2008). Kit qua budc diu xac dinh biin pbap nhan gidng thich bop cho cay na a Bdng Nam bd. Ket qua nghien ciiu Khoa hpc cong nghe rau hoa qua 2006 - 2007, Vien Cay an qua midn Nam. Nha xuat ban Nong nghiep, thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, trang 87- 91.
4. Sunil Kumar and A. K Shukla (2012).
Standardizahon of Bench grafting custard apple {Armona squamosa L.). HortQora Research Specthiim, 1 (2), 149-152.
5. Joshi, P. S., Jadhao, B. J., Chaudhari, G. V.
(2011). Studies on vegetative propagation in custard apple, Asian Journal of Horticulture. Vol.6 No.l, 261- 263.
6. A. C. de Pmto at al., (2005). Annona species, Intemational Center for Underrutilised Crops, University of Southampton S017, IBJ, UK.
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 5/2020
7. TCVN 9301:2013. Cay giong ba - Yeu cau ky thuat
EFFECTS OF GRAFTING SEASON TO THE BUD FLUSHING RATE AND GROWIH OF GRAFTED PLANTS OF SOME INTRODUCED SUGAR APPLE VARIETIES
Nguyen Tlii Tliu Huong, Nguyen Quoc Hung, Nguyen Tien Huyen Summary
Determining the effects of grafting season to the living ratio and growth of some introduced sugar apple vaneties m order to identify suitable grafting season for sugar apple 03 vanety and sugar apple "Dua variety for production. The study was conducted from 2017-2019 at the Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block (RCBD). each formula had 200 trees with 3 replecation. The experiment was conducted with 8 treatments combined 4 grafting season (15/9,15/11, 15/1 and 15/3) widi two vaneUes (sugar apple 03 and sugar apple "Dua"). The roostock was sugar apple "Dai" variety by branch grafting method. The research results showed that in different graftmg seasons, with the branch grafting method, the mtoduced sugar apple vaneties grafted on sugar apple "Dai , varieties have different suitable grafting seasons. Sugar apple 03 has a suitable grafting season on January 15, giving short bud flushing time after grafting, high bud flushing rate, reaching 85.6-87.3% at 30 days after grafting, reaching seedling standard at 60.8-65.5 days after grafting with die rate of 80.2-84.2%. Sugar apple
"Dua" has a suitable grafting season on March 15, giving short bud flushing time after grafting, high bud flushing rate, reaching 90.7-92.3% after 30 days after grafting, reaching seedling standard at 58.3-66.0 days after grafting with the rate of 87.7-88.1%.
Keywords: Propagation, grafting season, sugar apple 03, sugar apple "Dua", intioduced vanety.
Ngudi phan bi^n: TS. Nguyen Van Vupng Ngay nhan bai: 26/3/2020
Ngdy thdng qua phan bi^n: 27/4/2020 Ngay duyet dang: 4/5/2020
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 5/202o
