K H O A H O C - C O N G N O M E
Khao sat pham chat tinh dich cua lan due giong
L a n d r a c e v a Y o r k s h i r e n u O i t a i t r a i T u a n H o a t h u o c t h a n h p h o B u o n M a T h u p t t i n h D a k L a k
• NGUYEN DUfC DIEN; NGO THj KIM CHI Khoa Chan nuoi Thii y TrUdng Dai hoc Tay Nguyen
T o m t a t
N g h i e n ciiu dtfe/c t i e n hanh tren 6 lofn due gidng Landrace va 4 lofn diic gidng Yorkshire nuoi tai trai chan nuoi Tuan Hoa, thanh phd Buon Ma Thuot, t i n h Dak Lak nhdm danh gia pham chat tinh dich cua lpn diic gidng nudi t a i thanh phd Buon Ma Thudt. The tich t i n h dich, n o n g do t i n h trung, hoat life tinh trung, t d n g sd' t i n h t r u n g t i e n thdng, ty le ky h i n h , sdc khang cua tinh trung va gia tri pH tinh dich cua 1cm Lan- drace lan lifdt la 218,42ml;
85,08%; 237,24 t r i e u / m l ; 44,04 ty/lan; 6,03%; 4800;
7,13 cua ldn Yorkshire lan lifdt la 257,29ml; 84,26%;
253,71 trieu/ml; 55,05 ty/lan;
5,66%; 4700; 7,11. Cac chi tieu nay phu hdp vdi qui dinh cua bo N N va PTNT. Cac chi tieu ve pham chat tinh dich:
The tich tinh dich, nong dd tinh trung, tong sd tinh trung tien thdng cua ldn Yorkshire cao h o n l d n Landrace (P<0,05); cac chi tieu: hoat life tinh trung ky hinh, sdc khang, pH khdng cd sii sai khac giiia hai gidng l d n (P>0,05). Miia vu anh hudng den cac chi tieu the tich tinh dich, tdng so tinh trung tien t h i n g (P<0,05).
S u m m a r y
This study was carried out on 6 Landrace and 4 York- shire boars raised i n Tuan Hoa farm i n Buon Ma Thuot city - DakLak province i n order to evaluate sperm quality of boars raised i n Buon Ma Thuot city. Volume, concentration, activity, total of sperm advancing ahead, heteromorphic rate, resis- tance and p H value of se- men of Landrace pigs are
r e s p e c t i v e l y : 2 1 8 , 4 2 m l ; 85,08%; 237,24 millions/ml;
44,04 billions/time; 6,03%;
4800; 7,13 Yorkshire pigs are r e s p e c t i v e l y : 2 5 7 , 2 9 m l ; 84,26%; 253,71 millions/ml;
55,05 billions/time; 5,66%;
4700; 7,11. Those values are in accordance with the stan- dard of Ministry of Agricul- ture and Rural Development.
Those values: Volume, con- centration, total of sperm advancing ahead of York- shire boars are better than Landrace boars (P<0,05).
Such values as activity, het- eromorphic rate, resistance and pH value are the same (P>0,05). The season has great influences on volume, total of sperm advancing ahead (P<0,05).
1. D A T V A N D E
Chan nudi ldn chiem vai trd quan trong trong nganh
chan nuoi nUdc ta; thit lpn chiem 70% tong san ltipng cac loai thit, Trong cac gidng k m nhap t d nude ngoai t h i giong Landrace va York- shire dupe coi la hai gidng tdt nhat va duoc nuoi rong rai d nhieu trang trai trong ca nUdc. Nam 2005 sd dau lofn cua nUdc ta da la 27,434 t r i e u l d n ddng t h d 2 sau Trung Qudc d khu vUc chau A - Thai Binh Duong (Tong cue thdng ke -2005).
Trong chan nuoi lpn, due gidng co anh hudng rat ldn tdi chat lupng dan con. Do do, viec nghien cufu cac chi tieu ve pham chat tinh dich la mpt trong nhufng co sd khoa hpc de danh gia chat lupng cua due gidng. Bdi vi, pham chat t i n h dich cua lpn dUc giong phan anh kha nang sinh san cua moi ca the, ma kha nang sinh san la dac diem chu yeu danh gia t i n h t h i c h n g h i cua chung ddi vdi dieu kien moi trUdng. Dac diem ve pham chat t i n h dich ket hpp vdi nguon goc va mpt so dac diem khac giup chpn lpc dupe nhufng due gidng tdt, mat khac giup cho cong tac cham soc, nuoi duong, quan ly, sti dung due gidng mpt
each co hieu qua nham khai thac triet de gia t r i cua due giong.
Cho tdi nay, cac nghien cdu ve pham chat tinh dich tren lpn due gidng nuoi tai thanh phd Buon Ma Thupt con rat han che. Nham danh gia sdc san xuat cua lpn due giong Landrace va York- shire nuoi t a i t h a n h pho' Buon Ma Thupt, chung toi thuc hien de tai: "Khao sat phdm chat tinh dich cua Ion
due giong Landrace va York- shire nuoi tai trai Tuan Hoa thupc thdnh phd Buon Ma Thupt tinh Dak Lak".
2. V A T L I E U V A
P H U ' O N G P H A P N G H I E N C U U
2.1. D o i tuWng
Lpn due gidng Landrace va Yorkshire dang trong dp tudi khai thac dupe nuoi tai trai chan nuoi Tuan Hoa.
2.2. D i a d i e m n g h i e n cufu
Trai chan nuoi Tuan Hoa.
Phong t h i nghiem Bp mon Chan nuoi chuyen khoa.
2.2. T h d i g i a n n g h i e n cufu
N g h i e n cdu dUPc t i e n
hanh t d thang 01/2010 den thang 12/2010.
2.4. P h u ' o n g p h a p n g h i e n cd'u
PhUPng phap l a y t i n h bdng tay, dung cu lay tinh dupe vo trung trUdc k h i lay, lay vao budi sang.
+ The tich t i n h dich (V, ml) dupe xac dinh bdng cdc dong thuy t i n h chia vach.
+ Hoat luc t i n h trung (A, 0 < A < 1) dupe xac dinh bang sd t i n h trung tien thang so vdi tong sd t i n h trung quan sat trong v i trUdng cua kinh hien v i vdi dp phong dai 400 lan.
+ Nong dp t i n h trung (C, trieu/ml) dupe xac dinh bang buong dem hong bach cau Newbauer.
+ Tdng sd t i n h trung tien thang (VAC, ty/lan) dupe xac dinh bang tich cua ba chi tieu V, A va C.
+ Ty le ky h i n h (K, %) dupe xac dinh bdng phUPng phap nhupm va soi tren kinh hien v i vdi dp phong dai 400 lan.
+ Sdc k h a n g cua t i n h trung (R) dupe xac dinh bdng phuong p h a p M i l o v a n o p (1952).
K H O A H O C - C O N O N G H E
+ Gia t r i p H tinh dich:
dupe do bang may pH Meter.
2.5. P h u t f n g p h a p p h a n t i c h so l i p u
So' lieu dupe xd ly theo bdng phan mem MS Excel 2003 va Minitab 16 , Cac tham so tinh toan gom co:
Dung lupng mau (n), sd trung binh ( x ), sai sd chuan (SD), gia t r i ldn nhat (Max), gia tri nho nhat (Min). So sanh gia t r i trung binh theo cap bdng phep so sanh Tukey mdc t i n cay 95%.
3. K E T QUA V A T H A O L U A N
3 . 1 . P h a m c h a t t i n h d i c h l p n dtfc g i o n g L a n - drace v a Y o r k s h i r e ,
Pham chat tinh dich lpn Landrace: the tich tinh dich dat 218,42 ml; hoat luc tinh trung dat 85,08%; nong dp t i n h dich dat 237,24 trieu tinh trung/ml; tdng so tinh trung tien thang trong mdt lan xuat tinh dat 44,04 ty tinh trung/lan; ty le ky hinh
la 6,03%; Sdc khang t i n h trimg dat 4800 va gia t r i pH dat 7,13.
Pham chat tinh dich lpn Yorkshire: the tich tinh dich dat 257,29 ml; hoat luc tinh trung dat 84,26%; nong dp t i n h dich dat 253,71 trieu tinh trung/ml; tong so tinh trung tien thang trong mpt lan xuat tinh dat 55,05 ty tinh trung/lan; ty le ky hinh la 5,66%; Sdc khang t i n h trung dat 4700 va gia t r i pH dat 7,11 (bang 3.1).
B a n g 3.1. P h a m c h a t t i n h d i c h cua l p n L a n d r a c e va l p n Y o r k s h i r e
Chi tieu
Giong
Chi tieu Landrace . . .
Yorkshire Chi tieu
N X ± S D Min Max N Z ± S D Min Max
V(ml) 38 218,42b± 35,68 150.00 250,00 35 257,29a± 27,21 200,00 300,00 A (%) 38 85,08 ± 0,49 84,00 86,00 35 84,26 ± 0,92 80,00 85,00 C (trieu/ml) 38 237,24b± 21,52 200,00 270,00 35 253,71a± 8,08 230,00 260,00 VAC (ty/lan) 38 4 4 , 0 4b± 8 , l l 28,05 54,83 35 55,05!'±6,63 42,50 66,30 M % ) 33 6,03 ± 2,46 4,80 20,40 29 5,66 ±0,14 5,60 6.00 R 21 4800 ±2200 2000 8500 20 4700 ± 2000 2000 8500 PH 38 7,13 ± 0.12 6.92 7,32 35 7,1 1 ±0,12 6,94 7,32
Trong cung hang, cung chi tieu, nhOfng gia t r i cd chOf cai khac nhau la sai khac cd y nghia (P < 0,05)
Cac chi tieu tren deu dat chat lupng theo quyet dinh 67 nam 2005 cua Bp N N & PTNT.
Ket qua nghien cdu nay phu hpp vdi nghien cdu cua TrUPng Lang (1995).
3.2. Pham chat tinh dich cua lofn Landrace theo mua
B a n g 3.2. P h a m c h a t t i n h d i c h cua I o n L a n d r a c e t h e o m u a Chi tieu
Miia kho 1 M 6 a m u a
Chi tieu
N X ± SD Min Max N X ± S D Min Max
V (ml) 13 192,30b± 40,03 150,00 250,00 25 232,00a ± 24,49 200.00 250,00 A (%) 13 84,92 ± 0,64 84,00 86,00 25 85,16 ± 0.37 85,00 86,00 C (trieu/ml) 13 239,20 ±21,78 200,00 270,00 25 236,20 ± 1,76 200,00 255,00 VAC (ty/lan) 13 39,04b± 9,02 28,05 53,13 25 46,63a± 6,33 34,00 54,83 K (%) 13 6,65 ±4,18 4,80 20,40 25 5,71 ±0,57 4,80 6,40 R 8 4875 ± 2295 2000 8500 13 4846 ± 224 2000 8500 PH 13 7,12 ±0,11 6,92 7,30 25 7,14 ±0,13 6,92 7,32
Trong ciing hang, ciing chi tieu, nhiing gia t r i co chu" cai khac nhau la sai khac co y nghia (P < 0,05)
Ket qua phan tich cho thay cac chi tieu: the tich tinh dich, tdng sd tinh trung tien t h i n g cua lpn Landrace vao mua mUa lan lupt la 232,00ml; 46,63 ty/lan cao hon d mua kho la 192,30ml va 39,04 ty/lan (P<0,05). Cac chi tieu: hoat luc (A), ky hinh (K), sdc khang (R) va pH d mua khd lan lupt la 84,92; 6,65; 4875 va 7,12 d mua mUa la: 85,16; 5,71; 4846 va 7,14 cac chi tieu nay khdng cd sU sai khac giOfa cac mua. Cac chi tieu chat lupng tinh dich cua lpn Landrace deu dat tieu chuan chat lupng theo quyet dinh 67 nam 2005 cua Bp N N & PTNT.
3.3. P h a m c h a t t i n h d i c h cua I o n Y o r k s h i r e theo m u a
Ket qua nghien cdu ve anh hudng cua mua vu den pham chat t i n h dich cua lpn Yorkshire dupe the hien bang 3.3.
B a n g 3.3. P h a m chat t i n h d i c h ciia l d n Y o r k s h i r e t h e o m u a
Miia kho Miia mua
Chi tieu
N X ± SD Min Max N X ± SD Min Max
V (ml) 20 250,00 ± 2,94 200,00 300,00 15 267,00 ± 30,11 205,00 300,00 A (%) 20 84,25 ± 1,16 80,00 85,00 15 84,27 ± 0,46 84,00 85,00 C (trieu/ml) 20 253,00 ± 7,33 230,00 260,00 15 254,67 ±9,15 240,00 260,00 VAC (ty/lan) 20 53,32 ±5,53 42,50 65,52 15 57,36 ± 7,42 44,77 66,30 K 20 5.62 ± 0,09 5,60 6,00 15 5.71 ± 0,18 5,60 6,00 R 12 4917 ± 1964 2000 8500 8 4375 ± 2326 2000 8500 pH 20 7,10 ± 0,13 6,94 7,32 15 7.12 ± 0,10 6,96 7,31
K H O A H O C - C O N O N G H E
The tich tinh dich, hoat lye tinh trimg, nong dp, tong sd tinh trung tien thing, ty le ky hinh, sdc khang va pH cua lpn Yorkshire mua kho lan lupt la 250,00ml; 84,25%;
253,00 trieu/ml; 53,32 ty/lan;
5,62%; 4917 va 7,10; d miia mua l a n l u p t la: 267ml;
84,27%; 254,67 t r i e u / m l ; 57,36 ty/lan; 5,71%; 4375 va 7,12. Cac chi tieu ve pham chat tinh dich khong co sU sai k h a c gitfa h a i mua (P>0,05). Cac chi tieu chat lupng deu dat tieu chuan ciia Bp N N & PTNT. Cac ket qua nghien cdu nay phu hpp vdi nghien cdu cua Nguyen Tan Anh va LuU Ky (1970).
4. K E T L U A N V A DE N G H I
4.1. K e t l u a n
The tich tinh dich, hoat
luc tinh trung, nong dp tinh trung, tdng so tinh trung tien t h i n g , ty le tinh trung ky hinh; sdc khang cua t i n h trung va gia t r i pH tinh dich cua lpn Landrace dat cac gia t r i l a n lupt la 218,42ml;
85,08%; 237,24 trieu/ml; 44,04 ty/lan; 6,03%; 4800; 7,13 cua lpn Yorkshire lan lupt la 257,29ml; 84,26%; 253,71 trieu/ml; 55,05 ty/lan; 5,66%;
4700; 7,11. Cac chi tieu nay deu dat tieu chuan chat lupng cua Bp N N & PTNT.
Cac chi tieu ve pham chat tinh dich lpn due gidng Lan- drace d cac mua trong nam co sU bien dpng.
4.2. De n g h i
Tiep tuc tien hanh cac nghien cdu, danh gia pham chat dan due gidng qua tdng nam, qua cac the he .
Theo doi kha nang thich nghi, sdc san xuat cua cac due gidng thong qua hieu qua phdi gidng (tong sd lan phdi gidng, sd lan phdi co chda, ty le phdi co chda).
TAI LIEU THAM K H A O
1. Nguyin Tan Anh, Luu Ky, Luang Tat Nha, Nguyen Viet Huang (1985), Mpt so dac diem sinh vat hoc tinh dich Ion va ket qua pha loang bao ton, Tuyen tap cdng trinh nghien cuu chan nudi
1969 - 1984, NXB Ndng nghiep, Ha Npi.
2. Nguyin Thien, Nguyin Tan Anh: Thu tinh nhan tao cho Ion d
Viet Nam - NXB Ndng nghiep, 1993.
3. TrUdng Lang: Sd tay cdng tac gidng Ion - NXB Nong nghiep, Ha Npi, 1994.
4. A. Cciereszko, J.S.Ottbore, J. Glogowski (2000): Effects of season and breed on sperm acrosin activity and semen qual- ity of boar, Animal Reproduction Science 64, 89 - 96.
5. Castro M. L. S., Deschamps J.C., Meinke W., Siewedt F., Cardelino R.A.(1997), "Effect of season of semen collection for ejaculate volume, sperm morlity and semen does in pigs". Animal Breeding Abtracsts 65 (9), ret, 4806.
