KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
AMH HU6]\IG CUA X U LY l-IUETHYLCYCLOPROPEIXIE D £ | \ ] C H A T LUOIXIG QUA S A U RIEIXIG JVIOMTHOIXIG
Nguydn M ^ Hieu\ Nguyfin Thi Tii QuynhS D5 Tliu TrangS Ld Thi mkn\ Ph?m Anh Tudn^
T6MTAT
Bai bao trinh bay ket qua xu ly sau thu hoach vdi qua sau rieng (Durio zibetbinus Murray), gidng Monthong. Danh gia anh hudng cda 1-MCP d cac nong dp (250 ppb, 500 ppb, 750 ppb) va thai gian (6 gid, 12 gid va 24 gid) xu ly vdi ddi chung khong xir ly d nhiet do 25°C, sau do bao quan 6 nhidt do 15°C d^n kha nang bao quan thong qua cac chi tidu: kha nang chin, thm gian bao quan, kha nang chin sau bao quan, ty te hao hut khdi lugng, ty Id thoi hdng va chi sd nut vd qua da duoc tien hanh. Chat lupng sdu ndng sau bao quan cung dupc danh gia bao gdm cac chi tidu: do cimg, su bidn ddi mau sdc (AE) ham lupng chat kho boa tan (TSS), ham luong dudng tdng sd (TS), chat luong cam quan. Ket qua cho thay xiily 1-MCP vdi ndng dp thap 250 ppb chi c6 kha nSng bao quan den 14 ngay. Xii ly 1-MCP vdi ndng do cao (750 ppb) co thd keo d^
bao quan den 21 ngay nhung ty le hong do khong chin ldn den 25%. Xu ly 500 ppb trong thdi gian 12 gid. d nhiet do 25°C cho ket qua keo dai thdi gian bao quan 21 ngay va thdi gian luu thdng sau ram chin 5 ngay.
Ttr khda; Sau riing, 1-MCP, bao guan, ram chin.
1.DATVANUE
Theo sd lieu thdng kfi ciia Td chiie Ndng Ijiong the gidi (FAO) nam 2018, didn tich frdng sdu ridng cua Vifit Nam khoang 47.000 ha. san lupng xuat khau tang rat nhanh. bi 820 tan nam 2013 Ifin 105.537 tan nam 2017, diing thii 4 thd gidi sau Thai Lan, Indonesia. Malaysia, vdi cac thi trudng ldn la Tmng Qudc, Dai Loan, My. chau Au, Smgapore, Canada, Brunei, Uc va Nh^t Ban. Tuy nhien, frong luu thdng phan phdi qua sdu ridng gap phai mdt vai van de nhu:
chin khdng ddng deu, ehat lupng den tay ngudi tidu diing thap, khdng dn dinh (Karolien, 2016), thdi gian bao quan va su dung ngdn (Amomputti va CS, 2014).
Dieu nay ddi hdi phai ed giai phdp bao quan keo ddi thdi gian luu thdng eiia qua sau ridng.
1-metiiyleyelopropene (1-MCP), cdng thiie hda hpc CaH, Id chdt khi cd tinh dde thap, ed kha nang lie che canh franh ethylene khi ket vdi cdc co quan thu cam etiiylene (Sisler. 1997). Khi 1-MCP lien ket vdi cac eo quan thu cam, ethylene hi ngan khdng eho lifin ket ddn ddn bat hoat eae co quan thu cam (Zhang. 2017), ldm cham qua tiinh ehin, keo dai thdi gian bao quan (Sisler, 1997). Ket qua nghien ciiu frdn ba gidng sau ridng: Arancillo, Duyaya va Puyat eua Amomputti va CS (2014) eho tiiay: xu ly 1-MCP ndng dp 1000 nL L-1, frong 6 gid giup keo ddi thdi gian bao quan sdu rifing hon 4 ngdy so vdi ddi ehung, edn vdi gidng Monthong. xii ly 1-MCP ndng dp 500 nL/L frong 12 gid' tai 25°C kdo ddi hon 5 ngay ddi vdi edng
' Vi^n Co di?n Nong nghiep va Cong nghe sau thu hoach
thiic ddi chiing (7-11 ngay d nhidt dp 25°C va 18-30 ngay dnhidt dp 15°C).
2 . VAT UEU VA PHUDNG PHAP NGHIBV CUU 2.1.V§tlieb
sdu ridng {Durio zibetbinus Murray) gidng Monthong dupe frdng tai huydn Cho Lach, tinh Ben Tre, thu hoach vao thdi diem 110 ngdy ke bi ngay dau qua, cac mdu Idy ngdu nhidn bi vudn theo TCVN 9017:2011. Qua dupc lua chpn ddng deu ve kich thudc dat hang dac biet hoae hang I theo TCVN 10739:2015, xu ly nam bdnh bang each nhiing frdi frong hdn hop ehe pham Agrifos 400 (hoat chat Phosphonate frong hdn hpp 2 mudi KH2P03-Mono- potassium phosphonate - vd KaHPOrDi-potassium phosphonate - san xuat tai Ue-Cdng ty DONA- TECHNO vdi nong dp 1000 ppm + Atilora 48EC (Prochloraz 48%) - san xudt tai Israel vdi ndng do 500 ppm sau dd de khd bJ nhidn. Qua dupe ddng thimg carton (6 qua/thiing) va dupc van chuyen bang dudng hang khdng (frong 12h) d nhidt dp 15°C, tir huyen Chpf Lach, tinh Ben Tre den Phdng thi nghiem Vien Co dien Ndng nghiep va Cdng nghe sau tiiu hoach, 60 frung Kinh, Trung Hda, Cau Giay, Ha Ndi.
2.2. B 6 tii thi nghiem
Trude het. bd tri thi nghiem xde dinh nong dp 1 - MCP thich hop vdi cde cdng tiiiie 250, 500 va 700 ppb frong 12 gid a nhiet dp 25+2°C va ddi chiing khdng xu ly, mdi cdng thiic 9 qua lay ngdu nhidn bi cac mau da dupc ma hda. Sau khi lua chon duoe ndng dd thieh hpp, tien hanh bd fri thi nghiem xae dinh tiidi gian xu ly tiiieh hpp vdi cae ngudng 6. 12, 18 va 24 gid d nhidt dp 25±2°C cimg ddi chimg khdng
39
xii ly 1-MCP. Toan bd sd qua thi nghiem sau khi dupc xu ly dupc xep frong thimg carton va bao quan d nhidt dp 15°C. dp am tiiong ddi 90+5%. Trong qua trinh bao quan, mdu sau ridng dupe phan tieh 7 ngay 1 ldn de lam chin bang khi ethylene ngoai smh vdi nong dp 200 ppm frong thdi gian 24 gid, d nhiet dp 25°C, dp am 90+5%RH. Trudc khi phan tieh eae ehi tidu ehat lupng qua dupe rdm ehin va danh gia eac chi tifiu kha nang ehin sau bao quan, ty Id nut qua, ty Id thdi hdng, dp eiing thit qua, eac ehi tidu mau sac thit qua, chat lupng dmh dudng, chat lupng cam quan. Tat ca cac thi nghifim dupe lap lai 3 lan.
2.3. Phuong phdp xii Iy 1-MCP
1-MCP dupe tao tii SmartFresh® (3,3% 1-MCP, AgroFresh inc.) bdng each thfim 1 g SmartFresh®
frong 20 ml kaU hydroxit 2% (KOH) frong chai thuy tinh kin khi (750 mL) frong khoang 30 phut (Able &
CS, 2002). Ndng dd 1-MCP frong chai thuy tinh se dupe do bang phuong phdp sde ky khi ion hda ngon lua (GC-2014, Shimadzu Crop.) (Moradinezhad &
CS, 2008). Khi 1-MCP d ndng dp tiieo ydu cau dupc bom vdo budng xu ly sau ridng thdng qua ndp cao su va luu trii d 22X frong thdi gian xu ly edn thifit
2.4. Phuong phdp phan tieh
Ty lfi hao hut khdi lupng frong qua trinh bao quan dupe tinh dua frdn sir hao hut khdi lupng nude t ^ thdi difim thu ho^ch so vdi khdi lupng tai thdi didm lay mdu phan tich.
Ty le thdi hdng frong qud trinh bdo quan duoc tinh bang ty Id qua hi thdi, hdng va khdng chin duoc sau khi rdm ehin frdn tdng sd qua eua timg mdu thi nghiem.
Chi sd mit qua dupc xac dmh frdn 9 qua mdi mdu (9 ldn lap lai) theo md ta ciia Khurnpoon va CS (2008) vd Thongkum (2018) (Hinh 1) vdi edng tinic ti'nh.
Hmh 1. Diem ddnh gid chi sd nut qua Ghi chd- 0 didm ~ khdng nut; 1 diem ~ vetnut<
^ chieu dai sdng qua; 2 didm ~ vet nut < 1/2 chieu dii sdng qui: 3 didm ~ vdt nut < % chieu dal sdng qua; 4 diim ~ nut doc hit theo chiiu dil sdng qua Crhongkum,2018).
Kha nang chin eua sdu ridng sau bao quan dupc tinh theo sd ngay tir khi hai khdi eay (hoSe ngay bd mdu ra khdi kho luu fru) cho ddn khi qua ehin an dupe khi dfi chm tu nhidn d ngodi mdi frtrdng (hoSc hodn thdnh qud frinh rdm chin).
Xae dinh thdi difim ehin dupc xae dinh khi co cae dau hidu sau: khi bat dau xudt hidn miii thom thoang thoang dae trung eiia frdi sau ridng; eudng frai chuyen mfim; mau vd qua ehuyen hoi vdng so vdi mau sdc ban dau.
Xae dinh mdu sdc bdng may anh ky thudt sd (Canon EOS 450D). dp phan giai 12.2 Megapkel.
Cae hinh anh dupc chup bang each dat timg mdu bfin frong budng kifim fra frong dd cd camera vd hfi thdng ehieu sang. May anh dtrpe dat thdng diing d khoang cdch 20 - 40 cm (khoang each nay cd thfi dieu ehinh) so vdi mdu. Trong budng chup, mdu vat dupc chifiu sang bang each su dung bdn den ehiia hai ong huynh quang (Osram L 18W/965 BIOLUX), vdi nhiet dp mau 6500K vd chi sd mau (Ra) ldn hm 90%. Gde giiia true eua dng kinb va ngudn chieu sang khoang 45 do ke tii khi phan xa khufich tan tao mau xay ra. Anh thit qua sau ridng duoc phan tich dudi dang gid tri RGB bdng phdn mfim ImageJ (Treeamnuk va CS.. 2018).
Dp dp Cling dupe xae dinh bang thiet bi "Fruit Hardness Tester FR 5120".
Hdm lupng chat khd hda tan tdng sd (TSS) dupe xae dmh bang chiet quang ke ky thudt sd ATAGO (Atago, Tokyo, Nhat Ban).
Ham lupng dudng tdng sd dupc xac dinh bdng phuong phap Bertrand.
Danh gia cam quan bang hdi ddng chuydn gia (10 - 12 thdnh vidn) da qua ddo tao chuydn mdn d cac linh vuc lidn quan (cdc thudc tinh chat luong qua -Meilgaard va CS., 2007; phuong phdp md ta phan tich -ISO 1993; Lawless va Heymann, 1999.).
3. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1. Anh hudng ciia ndng dd 1-MCP dfin khd nang bao qudn vd chdt lupng sdu ridng
3.1.1. Anh hudng ciia ndng do 1-MCP din kha ning bio quan siu riing
Cdc mdu sau neng dupc xii ly 1-MCP vdi cdc ndng dd khac nhau: 250 ppb; 500 ppb, 750 ppb frong thdi gian 12h d nhidt dp 25°C va cdng thuc khdng xii ly 1-MCP lam ddi ehung (phan 2.3). Kha nang bdo
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 3/2020
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
quan dupc ddnh gia dua frdn cde chi tidu: thdi gian khdi lupng, ty le thdi hdng va chi sd nut vd qua, ket bao qudn, kha nang ehin sau bao qudn. ty le hao hut qua dtrpe thfi hien d hinh 2.
li SMHUII I ?ll
KJia ii^iig Hao liut Ty le Chi so Klia naiig Hao luit Ty I? t In so chm klioi tlioi. hong iiutvo chin klioi thoi. lioiig iiirt\o ] (ngay) liioiig (Vo) (%) qiia (ngay) luoiia ("ii) ("/o) qiia
Sau 7 ngay BQ
hf250ppb
Sau 14 ngavBQ
•500ppb
KJia naiiR Hao luu Ty le Chi so chin klioi tlioi. hone mit \6 (ngay) lirong ("b) (%) qua
- •'50ppb
Hinh 2. Anh hudng nong dp 1-MCP Ket qua trinh bay d hinh 2 eho thay:
Kha nang ehin eua qua sau ridng phu thude vao ndng dp 1-MCP xu ly. Ndng dp xu ly 1-MCP eang cao thi eang keo dai thdi gian ehin sau khi dupe xu ly ehin bang ethylene ngoai sinh. Kha nang chin sau 7 ngay bao quan dao dpng tii 7,0 den 13,7 ngay d eae cdng thiie ddi chung va xu ly 1-MCP tii 250 -750 ppb.
Sau 14 ngdy bao qua kha nang chin cua sdu ridng tang Ifin tii 4,0-10,3 ngay. Sau 21 ngay bao quan, qua d edng thue ddi ehiing va xii ly 1-MCP ndng dp 250 ppb dfiu bi hdng nen khdng tiep tuc theo gidi cae chi tidu khac. Kha nSng chin eua qua d cdng thiic 250 ppb va 750 ppb tirong ling la 5 va 8,1 ngay.
Ty lfi hao hut d cae cdng thiie xu ly 1-MCP va ddi chimg dao dpng frong khoang tii 20,75% den 23,85%;
ty le thdi hdng a edng thue xu ly ndng dp 500 ppb nam d miic thap nhat (5,30%) va eao nhat d cdng thiic 750 ppb (115,15%), do thdi gian chin keo dai ciing vdi mdt sd qua khdng thfi ehin dtrpe. Kfit qua nay hoan toan phu hpp vdi danh gia vfi kha nang ehin ciia qua sau bao quan d frdn.
Xu ly 1-MCP gdp phdn giam chi sd mit qua, cu thfi: edng thiie ddi chung chi sd mit qua tang tii 4,41 sau 7 ngay bao quan ldn 6,52 sau 14 ngay bao quan.
6 cdng thiie xu ly 1-MCP vdi nong dp cao 750 ppb, ehi sd mit qua khdng khac bifit ed y nghia a miic a=0.05 frong qua trinh bao quan 21 ngay, dao dpng bi 2,21 den 2,48. Chi sd nut qua d cdng tinic xu Iy 500
dfin khd nang bao quan qua sdu rifing
ppb tang nhe tii 2,31 sau 7 ngay bao quan ldn 3,67 sau 21 ngay bao quan. Kfit qua nay cho thay xtr Iy 1- MCP lam tang kha nang bao quan qua sau ridng.
3.1.2 Anh hudng ndng dd 1-MCP din chat luong sau riing sau bao quan
Ddnh gia anh hudng ciia ndng dp 1-MCP den chat luong sau ridng sau bao quan dua frfin eae ehi tidu cam quan. dp ciing. mau sdc, ham lupng ehat khd hda tan (FSS), ham lupng dudng tdng sd (TS) dupc the hifin d hinh 3.
Tir hinh 3 eho thdy:
1-MCP cd tac dpng duy tri dp eiing cua thit qua, d edng thiie xu ly vdi ndng dd eao (750 ppb), sau khi bao quan va ram ehin dd cung giao ddng tir 4,27 kg/cm^ dfin 4,72 kg/em^. Sau 21 ngay bao quan dp cung eiia cdng thiie xii ly 1-MCP vdi ndng dp 500 ppb d miie 2,8 kg/em^ thap hon so vdi cdng thiic xii ly 1- MCP vdi ndng dp 750 ppb d miic 4,34 kg/cm^, Tuong ung vdi dp ciing, su bifin doi mau sdc d edng tiiiie xir ly 1-MCP vdi ndng dp cao (750 ppb) didn ra cham hon so vdi edng thuc 500 ppb, cde gia tri AE tuong ling la 7,91 va 4,03. Ket qua nay eho thay, ngay ea khi chin, mau sdc qua a cdng thiie xir ly ndng dd eao (750 ppb) it bifin ddi hon so vdi cdng thiic xu ly 500 ppb. Mat khae. khi xu ly ndng dp cao (750 ppb) dp Cling eua qua dat d miic eao (4,34 kg/em^), dfi ddn dfin hien tupng supng frai.
KHOA HOC CdHG NGHl
Tirong tu nhu mau sde va dp ciing, eac chi bdu ham luong chat khd hda tan CTSS) va ham lupng dudng tong sd (TS) cua qua xu ly d ndng do 1-MCP 750 (18,9° Brbc va 15%) thap hon so vdi cdng tiiiie xu ly 500 ppb (16.96 "Brix va 11,87%). Su khac nhau ve cac ehi tidu hda sinh va eo ly qua ddn den su khac bidt ve ehat lupng cam quan giira eac edng thiic xii ly. Sau 21 ngay bao quan difim cam quan eua cdng thiic xu ly 1-MCP ndng dp 500 ppb (19,4 difim) eao hon han so vdi edng thiie xu ly d nong dp 750 ppb (15,2 difim). Chat lupng sdu rieng d edng thiic xu Iy nong dp 1-MCP thap (250 ppb) va ddi ehiing khdng ed su khac biet cd y nghia sau 7 va 14 ngay bao quan (kfit qua earn quan va cac ehi tifiu khac khdng dupc
danh gia d cdc cdng thiic nay sau 21 ngay do mdu da hdng).
Tdm lai, ede kfit qua tiinh bdy frdn day cho thdy 1-MCP da cd anh hudng dfin kha nang bao quan sau ridng sau thu hoach. Xu Iy vdi nong dp tiiap (250 ppb), qua ehi bao quan dupc frong vdng 14 ngay frong liic xu Iy vdi ndng dp cao (750 ppb) cd thfi kdo dai dfin 21 ngay, tuy nhifin ty lfi hdng do khdng chin khd cao (25%). Do vay. xu ly 1-MCP vdi ndng dp 500 ppb cho ket qua tdt nhat vdi ty lfi thdi hdng 9,09%. chi sd mit qua thap (3.67), kha nang chin sau 5 ngay hoan toan phii hpp vdi ra kho ldm chin va Itm thdng den tay ngudi tidu dung.
fii llli'
Cam E>p Cling Mau sAc TSS OociingMausac TSS
(kg''cni=0 (AE) CBrix) durmg quan (kg'on') (AE) TS(%) (dia •
•A =^ll
Cam OociingMausac TSS HL C^rix) dit6ng quan (kg cm-) (AE) ("Brix) dirong quan
TS{Vo) (diem) TS(*i.) (dUm) Sao 7 ngay B Q ^ £)(-• • 250i^b^''°s^^S 500ppb » y ^ t / p ^ ^ y ^ ^ Hinh 3. Anh hudng ndng dO 1-MCP dfin chdt lupng qud sdu ridng sau bao qudn 3.2. Anh htrdng ciia thdi gian xu ly 1-MCP dfin
kha nang bao qudn vd chdt lupng sdu rifing sau bao quan
Be xac dinh thdi gian xu ly 1-MCP phii hpp, tifin hanh xu ly qua sdu ridng bdng 1-MCP nong dd 500 ppb a 20C vol cae cdng thiic thdi gian xii ly khae nhau nhu sau: 6 gid, 12 gid. 18 gid, 24 gid.
3.2.1. Anh hudng cua tbdi gian xu ly 1-MCP den kha nang bao quan qua cua sau riing
Kfit qua ddnh gia anh hudng cua thdi gian xii ly 1-MCP tdi kha nang bao quan, ciia trdi sdu ridng thfi hidn dhinh 4.
Kha nang '.
chin CngaM
Sau 7 a ^ y BQ
Hao hul Thoi, hongClu s(
:h6ilui7ng {%) vot {^«
Sau 14 ngay BQ
t Kbaning Haa hui Tboi.hoiwCliiioaM chm khoilupng {^) v6qui i
SS 6 h • 1 2 h :^ 1 8 h • 2 4 h
Hinh 4. Anh huong thdi gian xir ly 1-MCP dfin kha nang bao qudn qud sdu ridng
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 3/2020
KHOA HOC CONG NGHfi
Qua ket qua frinh bdy d hinh 4 cho thay: Xti ly qua sdu ridng vdi nong dp 500 ppb frong thdi gian 6 gid, sau 21 ngdy bao quan, ty lfi hao hut (23,59%) va ty lfi thdi hdng (16,67%) cao hon ban eae cdng thiic cd thdi gian xii ly 12 gid, 18 gid vd 24 gid, frong dd, thdi gian xtr ly 12 gid ed ty Id thdi hdng thdp nhat (9,85% so vdi 10,61 va 11,26% a eae edng thue xu ly 18 gid va 24 gid). Difiu nay eho thdy xu ly 1-MCP d nhifit dd cao (20°C) frong difiu kidn km hodn toan vdi thdi gian keo ddi (tir 18 dfin 24 gid) cung lam tang su thdi.
hdng qua sau ridng.
Sau 21 ngay bao quan, ehi sd mit qua a cdc cdng tiiue xii ly vdi tiidi gian 12 gid. 18 gid va 24 gid khdng ed su sai khae nhau d muc y nghia a=0,05, dao dpng tu 3.41 den 3.76. Cdng thuc xii ly 6h cd chi sd mit qua cao nhat (8,16) va khae bidt cd y nghia so vdi 3 cdng thiie neu frfin.
3.2.2. Anh hudng cua tbdi gian xu ly 1-MCP din chit Iirpng qui siu riing sau bao quan
Kfit qua dupc frinh bay d hinh 5.
: " i -
•
] 3
9
/
s 5\
5\ <
\ \
\ \
N S S
\
N N N S N
\
;3 2i I S ' IJ 16 52 , j ^ , ^
c
> "-x
V 2 N S N S S S S S V S
s s
V
«1
\
s
\
>
s
>
s
>
«*
V
*. >
•v
\ •^
\ mi m
TSS HL Cam Dp Cl CBn^) dirong quan (kg c
TS (%) (diem) •
\
N S
>
N
>
\
S S N
\
N
>
>
S S
•>.
\
N S
\
N S
>
IS. ^
2 v, s s. s s s s s s s
>
\ >
s s s60lC
c N
\
S
"*
s s s
\
>
\ >
\ >
Si
>
N N
s.
S
s s
\ \
s
\
>,
s s s
>
s
>
s
>
5 5
>
s s
\ \
^ ^
t
s s s s s s s
5
i N S
>
S
>
1*5 ^ " ^
J J
I
>
s
\
N S
>
S
>
>
5 5
>
>
S
>
s
Sau 14n8ay BQ I l 2 h M S h
Sau 21 ngay BQ
Hinh 5. Anh hudrng thdi gian xii Iy Nhan xet dupe nit ra tii hinh 5 cho thdy:
O ea 3 dpt ram chin bang ethylene ngoai sinh (7, 14 vd 21 ngay sau bao quan), ham lupng dudng tdng sd d edng thtic xtr ly 12 gid cao hon cac cdng tinic xu ly 6 gid, 18 gid vd 24 gid. Vdd ehi tidu tdng ehat rdn hda tan (TSS), edng thuc xtr ly 6h thap hon cae cdng thiic edn lai frong qua tiinh bao quan. Su bifin ddi mdu sde ciing tang ddn theo thdi gian bao quan, tuy nhidn giira cdc cdng thiic xii ly 1-MCP vdi thdi gian 12 gid, 18 gid va 24 gid, su sai khac la khdng cd y nghia d muc a=0,05. chi sd AE tirong ung 7,97; 8,03 va 8,11. Tuong tir tdng diem earn quan cua 3 cdng thiic xtr ly 1-MCP eung khdng cd su sai khac rd rfit vdi miic y nghia a=0,05. Nhu vay. khoang tiidi gian XLT ly 1-MCP 12 gid dupe coi la phii hpp ddi vdi bao quan qua sdu ndng.
4. KET LUAN
- Xti ly qua sau ndng gidng Mothong bdng 1- MCP vdi nong dp 500 ppb frong thdi gian 12 gid, d
1-MCP dfin chdt lupng sdu ridng
nhifit dp 20°C da keo dai thdi gian bao quan dfin 21 ngay d nhifit dp 15°C. Sau dd ram chin bdng khi ethylene ngoai sinh vdi ndng dd 200 ppm d 25°C qua ed the keo dai thdi gian luu thdng thdm 5 ngay vdi chi sd nut qua va thdi hdng sau bao quan tiidp (3,67 va9,09%).
Mac dil ty lfi hao hut khdi luong tu nhidn eiia sau ridng d miie kha cao (frdn dudi 20%) nhung sau khi xtr ly vd ram chin, ehat Iuong dinh duong vd ddnh gid cam quan ciia qua deu dat d miic tdt.
TAI UEU THAM KHAO
1. Sinpom Amomputti. Saiehol Ketsa, va Wouter G. J. van Doom (2014). Effect of 1- methyleyclopropene (1-MCP) on storage hfe of durian fmit. Postharvest Biology Technology, sd 97, fr. 111-114.
2. FAO (2018). Food Outiook. Biannual Report on Global Food Markets, Food and Agriculture Organization, sd July 2018, tr. 68-73.
43
KHOA HOC CbWG NGHE
3. Bais KaroLen (2016). Why Thailand is the 8. Thongkum, M., McAtee P. M., Schaffer R J,, leading exporter of durian, mangosteen and other Allan A. C , Ketsa S. (2018). CharacterizaUon and tropical fruits. differential expression of ethylene receptor genes 4. Mard (2019). Ky vong muc tieu xuat khau during fruit development and dehiscence of durian trai cay dat 3,6 ty USD vao nam 2020, [cited 2019 (Durio zibetbinus). Scientia horticulturae, 240: pp.
25.51. « 2 3 « 0 -
5. MeUgaard M., CiviUe G. V. and Carr B. T. ^- Youryon P., Rattanapbon J., Supapvanich S, (2007). "Sensory Evaluation Techniques," 4th Krairiksh M. (2017). Physicoehemieal factors related Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton. to'Monthong-durian ihnt matunty. in IV Asia
Symposium on Quality Management in Postharvest 6. Moradmezhad, F., Sedgley, M., Klieber, A., gystg^ij 1210.
Able, A.J., (2008). Variability of responses to 1-
methylcyclopropene by banana; influence of time of l"' Z ^ f f • >- Cheng D., W a i ^ B., Khan 1., Ni Y, year at harvest and fruit position in the bunch. Am>. (2017)- Ethylene control technologies m extending ADDI Biol 152 223-234 postharvest shelf life of eumactene fruit Joumal of agricultural and food chemistry, 65(34): pp. 7308- 7319.
7. Tawarat Treeamnuk, Teerawat Chuenatsadongkot, Krawee Treeamnuk (2018).
Evaluation of "Monthong" durian maturity using color value from image analysis. Thai Society of Agricultural Engineering Journal, 24(2), pp. 10-10.
EFFECT OF 1 -MCP TREATMENTTO THE QUALITY OF MONTHONG DURIAN FRUITS Nguyen Manh Hieu, Nguyen Thi Tu Quynh, Do Tliu Trang, Le TTu Hien, Pham Anh Tuan Summary
The aim at proper utilization of chemicals for dunan fruit post-harvest freatment, a study on the effect of 1- MCP Willi different concenfrations (250; 500 and 750 ppb) and different durations freated (6; 12 and 24 h) at 24*'C before preservation at 15°C to the shetf-Iife and quality of Monthong dunan fruit presented by natural npen abibty (duration from fruits harvested or taken out the stock to ripen), storage duration; post-storage ripen ability, the loss rate, percentage of spoilage; crackuig peel index, fruit hardness, color variation (AE) content of soluble solids (TSS), total sugar content (TS), sensory quality assessment were conducted.
Results showed that Monthong dunan fruits treated with 1-MCP at low concenfration of 250 ppb were preserved for a maximum duration of 14 days only whereas high concenfraUon of this chemical (750ppb) could preserved fmits in a period of 21 days vrith high losses because of unnpen ones (up to 25%). The most appropriate freatment of 1 - MCP was recorded at the concentration of 500ppb for 12 hours, at 25°C indicated by storage duration prolonged (21 days in preservation and 5 days in delivery).
Keywords: Durian, 1-MCP, preserved, ripen.
Ngudi phdn bi^n: GS.TS. Vu M ^ Hai Ngiy nh§n bAi: 10/12/2019 Ngiy thdng qua phan bi^n: 10/01/2020 Ng4y duyet dSng: 17/01/2020
