Nguyen Quati Nliu va Dig T?p clli KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 106(06). 5 5 - 5 9
SC DVNG MACH TO HOP K 553 Yfl2 TRONG HOP BO BAO VE 3 n 3 - 1636-M THAY CHO ROLE DIEN Tl/,
DE BAO VE KHOANG CACH TRONG HE THONG DIEN
IVguyen Quan INhu", Nguyen Thj Dieu Tlluy Tntaiig Dai IIQC Ky llnial Cong nghiip - DH I Inn \gnylin T O M T A T
De phgc vy cho cong t^c thi nghiem, nghien ciiu khoa hgc, dSc biet la phyc vu cho cong tic dao lao chuyen nginh He th6ng di?n. Nha trudng da trang bi cho phong thi nghiem N5ng lugng dien mgt hgp bg bao ve khoang cich 3113 - 1636 - M, hgp bg nay chuyen diing de bao ve khoang each cho cic dudng diiy thugc mang cao i p v i sieu cao i p . Hgp bg bao ve niy da irng dung nhieu tien bg khoa hgc ky thuat mdi, die biet li d i su dung cac thiet bj ban dan duoi dang mach to hgp (IC) thay the cho cic tale dien ca, Sau mgl thdi gian nghien ciru chiing toi xin gidi thieu mpt trong nhihig irng dung d6 li viec sii dung mach t6 hop K553 - YA2 trong hgp bg 3 0 3 - 1 6 3 6 - M thay cho rale dien tir d i bao ve khoing cich trong he thong dien, de phiic vu cho viec giang day va tien hinh c^c thi nghiem tren hgp bg bao ve khoang each nay.
Tir kh6a; He thong dien, bdo ve khodng cdch, mang cao dp va sieu cao dp. K553 •- Yff2, 3H3 - 1636 - M
GIOI THIEU C H U N G V E B A O V E K H O A N G C A C H C H O D U O N G D A Y Trong nhu'ng mang dien co eau triic phirc tap, CO nhieu nguon cung cap, bao ve dong eat nhanh, bao ve qua dong dien eo hu'o'ng, khong bao dam eat ehgn Igc ngan mach. De thay ro diem nay ta xet vi du mang vong co hai nguon cung e l p (hinh- la).
Khi ngan mach tren d u o n g day D2 bao ve qua dong CO h u a n g 3 can co thoi gian tac dong nho hon bao ve I, con khi ngan mach tren
d u o n g day Dl n g u g c Iai bao ve 1 can lac dgng s a m han bao ve 3. Bao ve qua dong co h u a n g khong the thoa man yeu cau mau thuan do Ngoai ra cac bao ve nay t h u o n g khong thoa man yeu cau tac d g n g nhanh. Bao ve cat nhanh trong nhieu t r u o n g hgp khong the diing d u g c , con bao ve so lech doc chi co the dat tren cac d u o n g day ngan, bao ve so lech ngang chi co the bao ve cho n h u n g d u o n g day song song
t
t
l.
t„
f
*1,„
1
IRN
Hinh I • Mang vong co 2 ngudn cung cdp va ddc linh htnh thang cua bdo ve khodng cdch
Tel 0983 365 414, Email nqnluidhklcn@gmail com
Nguyen Quan Nhu VH Dig Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 106(06): 55-59 Nhu vay, can phai tim cae nguyen lac bao v?
khac vira dam bao tac dgng nhanh, vira chgn loe \ii CO dg nh^iy lot doi vofi mang plu'rc tap b^l ky Mgt Irong e;ic bao VQ do la bao v?
khoang each dimg rale king Ira eo huang.
Bao v? tac dgng Iri;ii nguyen ly do long Iro tir cho d$I may bien di?n ap do luang ini cho ngiin mach, bai vi long ira nay ly 1? vcri khoang each Iir cho dat may bicn dien ap do luong den cho ngan mach, nen bao v? dirge ggi la "Bao vc khoang caeh", Mac dii bao ve phirc tap hon liao \c qua dong di^n thong thuang nhung no eii nhii'ng dicm uu viet quan Irgng:
- Vimg tae dgng ciia bao vc khong doi khi dong ngan mach lhay doi trong mgl khoang Ion tire la che dg lam vice ciia lirai lhay doi.
- Bao \c CO ilic lac dgng co hirang. de dam bao linh chgn lgc cho nhirng dirang day ke can nhau, thai gian tac dgng duge dat phu thugc vao khoang each den dicm ngan maeh.
Tat ca cac dang ngan mach tren viing I. tii'c la gan voi diem dat bao ve dugc cat ra vol thai gian nhanh nhat ti = (0.02 -^ 0,05)s, ngan mach a vimg liep theo (viing II) cat ra voi thai gian duy tri Ion hon In, ngan mach a
\iing cuoi cimg (vimg III) dugc cat ra voi Ihoi gian duy tri Ion nhat tjii (hinh I b).
Cac role long tro dien co hien nay co sai so tuong doi Ion do
- Co momen ca khi M^i, va cac yeu to khac ban che do nhay ciia rale;
Khung tir va ehinh luu trong cac mach cita role la khong luyen tinh.
De khac phue nhugc diem nay ciia ra Ie long tro Ioai dien co, hgp bg bao ve khoang each
3 0 3 - 1636 - M da sir dgng 2 mach to hgp K553 - Y/12 trong bg ph^n xac dinh khoang each thay cho rale di?n ea.
CAU TAO vA NGUYEN LY T A C D O N G CUA B O PHAN XAC DjNH K H O A N G CACH TRONG HOP B O 3 n 3 - 1 6 3 6 - M Di: dam bao cho dg dai viing dugc bao ve khong phu thugc vao dang ngan mach khi co ng^n mach giiJa cac pha bat ky Irong hgp bo 3113 - 1636 - M sir dgng cho moi cap 3 rale long tra. Phan tir chinh eiia rale long tra nay la khoi xac djnh khoang each trong sa do so sanh thay cho rale dien lir, de xac djnh long trcr tir nai dat bao ve den diem xay ra si; co ngan maeh. Bg phan xae dinh khoang each (hinh- 2) gom 2 tang sir dung khuyech dai thuat loan (vi mach lOY, 20Y sa do chan den duae dua ra cOng tren hinh do) kieu K553 - yjX2 Nguon cap cho bo khuyech dai la ngu6n + 15V va-15V d6i vai 0 (2I1I 13). TSng vao dimg khuyech dai iOY lam nhiem vu co cau nguang. Neu nhu dien ap Iren dau vao 2111/18 2111'13 vugt qua nguang tac dgng U^ (U^p^
60mV) ea cau nguang se tac dgng. Tire la tin hieu dirong so \ai mirc 0 tren dau ra IOY (di^m 10) +(11.5 "=" I4.5)V se dugc lhay the bai tin hieu am -(11,5 "^ 14,5)V nhu \ ay dieu kien lac dgng ciia HU dugc viet duai dang:
| U . | - | U 3 | 2 U ^
Trong do: U| la dien ap la\ lir bien dong dien tai cho dat bao ve, Ui la dien ap lay lir bien dong dien va bicn dien ap do luang tai cho dru bao \ e
2 U J / 1 7
^ 15 V
Hinh 2: Sa dd nguyen ly cua bd phdn xdc dinh khodng cdch
Nguyen Quan Nhu vd Dtg Tap chf KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 106(06). 55-59 T§ng thu 2 la mgt triga smits sir dung
khuySch dai thual toan 20Y tire la trigo voi m6i lien h? cue phat, do la ca cau ngu5ng tac dgng mgt dinh mirc nhSt djnh (d day la mirc am) cua tin hieu vao (chan 4 cua vi mach 20Y) mue nay ggi la nguang nh|.y khi lac dgng.
Ci trang thai ban dau tu dien C^ qua bien tra R2 (mach dat thai gian) dugc nap bai di?n ap duong a dau ra ciia IOY den gia trj +(0,2"^0,65)V, xac djnh boi di?n dp tren diot VD2 ma. Tren dau ra ciia triga smits (chan 10 eua vi maeh 20Y) dien ap se co gia trj (I3'^I5,5)V. Khi tang vao tae dgng va tren dau ra ciia no co dien ap am tu C2 bat dau duo'c n^p lai gia trj - (0,2'^0,65)V xac dinh bai dien ap tren diot ma VDI. Trong qua trinh nap lai dien ap tren tu Ci. dien ap tren dau vao eiia tang thir 2 dat lai dien ap tac dong cua tang nay. Tren dau ra cCia no xuat hien dien ap +(I0,5"^ I4)V Nguyen tac thuc hien so do nhu vay dan den viec tac dgng ciia triga chi phu thuge vao tho'i gian duy tri trang thai tac dgng cua lang thir nhat, chinh xac han la vao ty le giii'a thoi gian 0 trang thai tac dgng va khong tac dgng ciia tang thii nhat. Vi vay do xung dgng cua tin hieu tren dau ra ciia so do so sanh khong anh hudng tai chat lugng lam viec ciia bg phan xac dinh khoang each, khong Iam rung bg phan dau ra ciia no Thdi gian toi thieu cQa trang thai tac dgng lien tuc ciia tang thir nhat xae dinh lac dgng cua bg phan xac djnh khoang each, chgn vao khoang 15ms (lire la Idn ban mgt nira chu ky dao
^ R l 3
dpng cua dien ap c6 tan so cong nghiep). Thdi gian do de hieu chinh tranh cac qua trinh qua dg trong mach sa cap va thir cap.
Dau ra cQa moi bg phan xac djnh khoang each dugc dau vao cue goc ciia tranzilor VTl. C) trgng thai ban dau Iren dau ra cua bg khuyech dai 20Y (diem 10) luon c6 dien ap am. Chi can mgt trong so cac bg phan xac dinh khoang each tac dpng Ihi dien the duong tir vi mach se di vao eirc goe eiia tranzitor VTl, Tranzilor VTl se md va se co dien ap bang 30V dua tdi KLI, rale KLI se tac dpng va cae tiep diem eua no se lam eae thao tac can thiel trong sa do logic. De bao ve tranzitor VTl tranh qua ap xuat hien khi dong va cat dien ap khoi cugn day eiia KLI ta sir dung diol VD4 mac song song vdi cugn day KLI.
So do so sanh trong role tdng trd duoc bieu thi d hinh 3. Gitra cac cue duang ciia cau chinh luu VSI,VS2 dau vao bg phan xac dinh khoang each, bg phan nay tac dpng khi dien ap tren RI4 vugt qua dien ap tren R15 khi bo qua dien ap tren RI3 va R27, gia sii' rang dp nhay ciia bg chi thi khong rat cao la se co duoc dieu kien lac dong ciia bg phan xac dinh khoang each dudi dang sau:
!UI | ^ | U 2 | (I) Doi vdi so do role long tro co hudng vec ta U| dugc thanh lap tir cac vec to dien ap Up va Ip dua den PC theo cong thirc:
U,
• •• ( Z )
=zN II - N I T (3)
Hinh 3. Sa do so sdnh modul cua cdc dai luang dien Suy ra dieu kien tae dpng etta kh6i xae dinh khoang each co dang:
| N , . l p | ^ | N „ . U p - N,.lp| (4)
Nguyen Quan Nhu vd Dig T9p chl KHOA HQC & C 6 N G N G H $ 106(06)155-59 Trong cac bieu thirc tren:
- N„ la h? so ly le phu'c giu'a di^n ap Up va Uj khi dong Ip bang 0.
- N| la h? so ly 1^ phirc giiTa dong Ip va di?n ap U| va Uj khi di^ii ap Up bang 0.
Biem Ihiic (4) co the bieu dicn dudi dang hinh hgc bdi vi ta ehi quan lam ldi sg phiin bo tuang irng giii'a cac vec to, nen mgt vec to co the dat bat ky. Ta se dM mgl vec ta theo Irgc hoanh trong mpt mat phang phirc tdc la.
Ip = Ip-^"
Khi do chiing la co the bang cimg mgt vec la nhirng vdi nhu'ng ty I? khac nhau bieu dien vec ta dien ap va vec ta long trd (hinh- 4).
De CO dugc dac Iinh tae dgng can thiet chung la dat cho he so phu'c N| dang Ni.e"'^ vdi cp = (pi, khi do se co OA = U[ = N|.lp , ro rang vj tri hinh hpe eua nhung diem trong mat phang khi d5ng thuc ] Ui | = | U2 | thoa man la mot dudng Iron co lam lai A bdi vl ban kinh Ul ve d vj tri bat ky tren dudng tron (vi du tai diem B) theo bieu thuc (3) can phai bang hieu N„.Up- Nj.Ip, vec la N„.Up(AB) = OB - OA.
Dat he so phue N„ dudi dang Ni, = N„e''' khi do hudng ciia vee la OB va Up trimg nhau.
Neu chia cac gia tri Ui, U2 ,Un, Up cho dong dien Ip la ciing nhan dugc cae mdi lien he nhu vay nhung dudi dang long trd, nhDng moi lien he do la; OA = N| (don vi la dan vi ciia long trd), OB = N„.Zp, AB = N„.Zp - N,, dudng Iron CO ban kinh AB la dac tinh lac dpng ciia role tong trd, dac tinh nay khong phu Ihupc vao gia tri tuyet doi ciia Up va Ip ma chi phg thupc vao ty Ie giiia chiing. Khi do bieu thiie (4) CO dang nhu sau:
|N, | = |N,.Zp- Nil (4a) Con gidi ban tac dgng se la :
| N | | = |N.,>:cp-N:|(4b) ya CO hudng trimg nhau thi ta co gia in cue dai vec la N„.Up. Vi vay goc (p dugc ggi la goc nhay cue dai ky hieu la tp^ H- va he so Nj se duoc ehgn theo goc gan vdi ipM ^ tii do suy ra rang do dai eiia viing duae bao ve tiJc la tri sd dat cua PC xac djnh theo goc (pw „, la rdt quan trgng bdi vi doi vdi goc tpw,,, thi vec ta:
58
I OC I = 2,| OA t tlic la N„.Zcp= 2.Nj
2.N|
N „
U2=Nu.Up-N|.Ip
Hinh 4. Ddc tinh tdc dpng cua rale long trd Diing khdi xdc djnh long trd Khi lip dat cae gia trj linh loan trudc cua Z^p dugc chinh nhd viec chgn modun (gia tri tuyet ddi) eho cac he so Nu va N|. Tinh khong phu thugc eOa Z^p vao dang ngan mach dugc dam bao nhd \ iec dau CP vao dien ap giiia cac pha (tlic la Up = V^b hoae Ube hoae Uca) va hieu so eae ddng pha tuang iing (Ip = U - !b hoac lb - lc hoac lc - 1,)
Ro rang gia tri cue lieu cCia vec la OB va Zp = 0 (hinh- 3) khi OB = OA tiic ia dac tinh lac dgng ciia rale long trd theo ly thuyet se di qua goc tga do, dieu nay can cho viec dam bao tinh CO hudng ciia rale.
Nhir va\ thuc chat bg phan xac djnh khoang each khong so sanh cac gia trj U| va U2 ma so sanh dien ap tren cac dien trd Ru va R15 dien ap nay khac Ui va U) mgl dai lugng bang dien ap tren Rp, va R^ tiie la dieu kien tac dpng cQa rale se la :
| U R , 4 1 ^ IURISI Neu dien trd Rn va R27 giong nhau thi 2 dieu kien tac dgng la triing nhau. Neu dien trd Rn ldn han R27 nhieu lan thi d gidi han tac dpng eiia bg phan xac dinh khoang each | U| | > IU2I lire la dac tinh lae dgng da dich chuyen ve goc phan tu thli nhdt. Tuang ly neu Rn < R27 dac tinh se djch chuyen ve goe phan tu thir III dieu nay se duac thg'c hien d cap 111 ciia bao ve khoang each. Mac dii theo ly thuyel dac
Nguyin Quan Nhu va Dtg T^p chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 106(06): 5 5 - 5 9 tinh tac d g n g eiia PC khi R ^ = R27 se di qua
goc toa dg n h u n g t h u c te d o tinh khong 6n djnh va khong tuyen tinh cua mgt sd phan tir trong s o do dac linh se bi dieh ehuyen ve goe phan t u Ihir nhat hoac goe phan t u thir III ma doi vdi c a p I va 1! cua bao ve khoang each can phai c6 h u d n g chinh xac. Do vay khi hieu chinh dac tinh se d u g c dich ehuyen ve goc phan tu thli nhat.
De khac phge "vimg c h e t " ta d u a vao mach tae dgng (lam viec) va mach ham mgt suat dien dgng bii phu E,„ Vec l a cua E,, se co h u d n g trimg vdi vec l a N„.Up n h u vay bieu thirc 4 thuc te co dang:
|N,.lp + E „ | ^ | N , , U p - N, l p + E „ | (6) Trong trudng hpp khi N,i.Up » E,, viec dua them En vao Ihuc te khong anh h u d n g tdi
d a n g dac linh lae dgng. T r o n g t r u d n g hgp khi Up nho gan tdi 0 bieu thiie 8 co dang'
lN,.lp + E „ S ^ | E „ - N , . l p l (7) Da d u g c biel rang bieu thire nay la dac tinh tac d g n g ciia rale c d n g suat vdi goc nhay c u e d^i (pMi|, xac dinh bdi he s 6 N |
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O [1]. M.V.Tsernobrovov (1993), Bdo ve rale -Ban dich ciia Trin Dinh Chan, Dau Dinh San, Nxb Khoa hgc va Ky thuat.
[2]. Pham Duy Tan, Nguyen Quan Nhu, Tran Vin Thinh (1992), Bao ve rale vd tu dpng hod, Trudng Dai hgc Ky thuat Cong nghiep.
[3]. Le Kim Hiing, Doin Thj Minh Nggc (1998), Bao ve rale vd tu dpng hod trong He ihong dien, Nhi xuit ban Giio due,
[4]. Nguyen H6ng Thii (1998), Phdn tu lu dpng, Nxb Khoa hoc v i Ky thuit.
[5]. Catalog 3 0 3 - 1 6 3 6 - M S U M M A R Y
T H E U S A G E O F T H E n V T E R A T E D C I R C U I T C A L L E D K 5 5 3 - Yfl 2 IN S E T 3 n 3 - 1636 - M T O R E P L A C E E L E C T R O M A G N E C T I C R E L A Y IN O D E R T O D I S T A N C E P R O T E C T I O N IN P O W E R S Y S T E M
Nguyen Quan Nhu , Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy College of Technology - TNU To serve for exprimental assignment, doing research on crience, especially to create special branch power system. Our university has equiped for electricity energy lab a set distance protect 3113 - 1636 - M,this set consecrate to protect the distance for the line that belong to power network of high pressure and super-high pressure Set protect has applied many new progressive science, especially in using transistorized equipmend under the interated circuit form (IC) to replace for electromechanis relays After researching, I introduce to you one of applications that is the usage of the interated circuit called K553 - Y f l 2 in set 3113 - 1636 - M to replace electromagneclic relay in oder to distance protection in Power system, to serve the teaching and conducting experiments on the protection of this distance.
Key words: Power syslem, distance protect, power network of high pressure and super-high pressure. K553 - Yff. 2, 3n3 -1636- M
Ngdy nhdn bdi. 16/5/2013; Ngdy phdn bien- 12/6/2013; Ngdy duyet ddng: 26/7/2013
Tel- 0983 365 414: Emad. nqnhudhklcn@gmad c,
