KHOA Hpc CdNGNGHl
AlMH HUOIXIG CIJA IXIGUDIXI GOC CA B O M E D £ | \ I SIIXIH TRUOIXIG CUA CA R O [Anabas temtudineus B l o c h ,
1 7 9 8 ) GIAI DOAIXl IXIUOI CA THfT
Duong Tliiiy Yen'
T6MTAT
Nghidn okt nay nhim ti^p tuc tim hi^u anh huong cia nguon g6c ca r6 (Anabas testudienui) h6 me khic nhau, g6m ci ro tu nhiSn thu a Ci Mau (0, D6ngThip 00, Hiu Giang (iii) va ci ro diu vudng Ov) d^n sinh tniong cua din con giai doan nu6i ca thit B6n dong ca c6 cCing 60 ngiy tudi dUQc bd tri ngSu nhifin vao 16 giai (1,5 X 1,5 X 2 m) dat trong cung mdt ao. Ci du^c chpn 100 con d^u co cho mdi giai vi chfinh lech v^
khdi luong ban diu trong cLing mot d6ng dugc xfit nhu anh huong khdi (khdng lap lai). Sau 4 thing, ci rd dau vudng c6 khdi lugmg cao nh^t (20,73 ± 3,95 g) cd y nghia so vdi cic ddng c i tu nhifin (Ci Mau; 17,29 ± 1,99 g; Hau Giang: 12,30 ± 0,67 g va Ddng Thip 10,70 ± 1,23 g) nhung tdc dd tang trudng khac bifit khdng cd y nghla so vdi ca rd Ci Mau (tuong iing 0,130 ± 0,015 va 0,117 ± 0,011 g/ngiy). Trong 3 ddng ci tu nhifin, ca Ci Mau tang trudng tdt nh^t H 1§ sdng vi hfi sd tiiiic Sn khdng cd sij khic bifit giiia cic dong ci.
Trong cing mot ddng, tdc do tSng trudng ciia ca khdng phu thudc vao kich cd ban diu. Nhu viy, ca rd C^
Mau va dau vudng co th^ li nhung ngudn vit lifiu tdt cho cic chuong trinh chgn gidng c i rd.
Tii khda: Ci rd ddng, Anabas testudineus, nudi ca thjt danh gia ddng, kich cd ban diu.
I.GmTHiU
Danh gia bi^u hifen eua e i e d6ng c i khie nhau trong eimg mot di^u kifin nudi la mot tiong nhimg khau quan tipng tiong chpn gi6ng thuy san, n h ^ tim ra nhiing ddng co bi^u hifin tot v^ nhiing tmh tiang mong mudn, phtic vy cho cdng t i c lai t^o v i ch^n lpc. So sinh eie ddng k h i c nhau frong di^u kifin nudi da dupc thue hi^n frfin mot so doi tuong nudi quan trpng nhu torn cing xanh (Nguyen Minh Thanh et al., 2009, 2010), cA chep ( T r ^ Mai Thifin v i Nguyfin Cdng Thang, 1992; tiich hdi Thai TTianh Bmh etal., 2006),...
Doi vdi e i rd dong, mot tiong nhiing ddi tugng c i dong duoc nudi phd bidn hifin nay, viec nghifin ctiu bilu hifin v^ mdt sd d^c dilm quan trpng phtte vu phit tri^n nuoi (nhu tang truang, ti lfi sdng, hi^u qua su dung thiie an,...) eua c i ro tu nhifin v i ea r6 dau vudng ed y nghfe quan frpng. C i rd d i u vudng ban d i u chi c6 khoang 70 con dupc p h i t hi$n tiong ao nudi eiia hd dan b Vmh Thuin Tay, Vj Thuy, Hiu Giang (Phuong Uianh, 2010). Ndu vifie san xu^t gidng v i phit triln dan e i ehi tu sd lirpng it niy sfi dSn ddn vi$c m^t mpt sd gien qua tung thd h^ do q u i trinh hidn doi di truyin ngSu nhifin (genetic drift) v i lai c$n huydt, lim giam str da d ^ g di truyin v i eh^t lupng gidng liu dii (Frankham, 1996; Charleswortii,
' Khoa Thiiy sin, Tmdng D?i hpc C ^ Tha
2009). D l khic phye nhiing anh huong tifiu cue do nguon ca ban dau it ddn eh^t Iupng gidng lau dai, lai tsio Cling loai (nhu gitia c i c ddng hoic q u ^ t h i khic nhau) l i bifin phap quan frpng v i can thilt nhim tao nfin ngudn gidng c6 ch^t lupng cao v i bdn viing cho ngh^ nuoi (FAO, 2008). C i rd h; nhifin a mdi trudng nio do ed bilu hifin tdt tiong didu kifin nudi sfi li ngudn gien qui phue vy cho edng t i e lai tao ndi tifin.
Nghifin ctiu dinh g i i bilu hifin ctia cie ddng ci rd da dupc t h i ^ hifin b giai dpan uong tir c i bdt lfin c i gidng (Duong Thiiy Yfin v i Duong Nhi^t Long, 2013). Kit q u i ban d i u eho tii^y c i rd dau vuong th^
hi^n im dilm ting truong b v i o cudi giai dpan uong nhung e6 ti lfi sdng thfip. Trong khi dd, c i rfi to nhifin c6 ngudn gdc ttr Ca Mau tSng truong tdt v i siic sdng cao hon so vdi ca rd tix nhifin c6 ngudn gdc tir Ddng TTiip v i Hgu Giang. Nghifin ctiu n i y dupc thuc hi§n frfin giai dpan nuoi c i thjt nhiim cung c ^ diy dii tiidng tin hon v l dinh g i i c i c ddng c i rd phye n cho cac chuong tiinh chpn tao gidng.
2. PHUDNG PHJta'IWHfiU CUU 2.1. V4tU$u thi nghidm
Ngudn cA tiii n g h i ^ l i bdn ddng c i rd gidng c6 ciing 60 ngay hi6i da dupc smh s i n nhin tgo tir bdn ngudn c i bd me (4 n g h i ^ tinie), gdm c i i* hi nhito tiiu o (i) C i Mau, (u) Ddng Thip, (iu) H^u Giang vi (iv) c i rd d i u vudng. O giai do^n e i bOt lfin c i gidnfi bdn ddng e i n i y da dupc uong frong eiing mOt diio
78
N O N G NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - K ? 2 - T H A N G 9/2013KHOA HPC C 6 N 0 NGHt
ki^n (Duong Thuy Yfin v i Duong Nhut Long, 2013).
6 giai doan nudi ca thjt, thi nghifim dupc fliuc hi^n tiong 16 giai (kich tiiudc ehilu dii x rdng x cao: 1,5 x 1,5 X 2 m) dupc dat frong cung 1 ao tai Khoa Thuy sin, Trudng Dgi hpc Can Tho. Thdi gian thi nghifim l i 4 tiling (9/2012-1/2013).
2.2. Bd tii till n g h i ^
Thi nghifim dtrpc bd tri theo dang khdi hoan toan ngau nhifin, gdm 4 nghifim thuc vdi bdn lan lip lai. Mdi dong c i (nghifim thiic) dtrpc ehia lam 4 nhdm kieh cd (dtK?c xem nhu anh hudng cua khdi) tir lon ddn nhd (ky hifiu I, II, IH va IV) sao cho c i frong Cling mot giai (100 c i thi/giai) cd kieh ed diu nhau. Muc dich ciia vific chia nhdm nhim dinh g i i inh huong ctia kich cd ban dau (giai doan gidng) din ting trudng cua c i giai doan nuoi thit va d l han chd str eanh franh giiia ea lon va ca be tiong cimg mdt giai.
Ci dirpc eho i n tiiuc an edng nghifip (Hifiu Tomboy) cd ham luong dam 30%, ngiy eho an bdn lin d 2 thing ddu, 3 lin d' thing tilp theo v i 2 lan o thing thu: tu. Lupng thuc i n dupc tinh theo tdng khdi lupng e i frong giai ltic diu thing, dao ddng 8 - 2 % khdi lupng c i v i dtrpc dilu chinh ting 2-5% eu sau mdi 3 ngiy, tuy theo kha ning i n eua ei. Ao c i dupc trao ddi nudc theo thiiy trilu.
2.3. Cic chi tifiu theo ddi
Cic ehi tifiu mdi tnrdng theo ddi bao gdm nhifit dp (do bing nhifit kl), pH v i dam amdn tdng CTAN, dupc do 1 tuin/lin bing bd test kit Sera, Due).
Trong qui trinh thi nghidm, nhi^t dp dao dpng 28,0 ± 0,59°C vio budi sing va 29,4 ± 0,52"C vio budi chilu;
pH tfiay ddi 7,5 - 8,0 va TAN tiling binh la 0,20 ± 0,19 mg/L
Ting trudng ciia ea dtrpc xie dinh bing eieh cin toin bd v i dim sd ca tiong giai moi thing mdt lan.
Khi kdt thuc thi nghifim, ein timg ea t h i c6 frong mdi giai. Cie chi tifiu tang tnrong dtrpc dinh gii bao gdm: khdi lupng dau (Wi), khdi lupng cudi (Wj), tdc dd ting trudng hay ting frpng theo ngiy (Daily Weight Gam. DWG, g/ngiy).
H$ sd tiuic an (Feed conversion ratio, F C ^ dupc tinh dva frfin ti 1§ giiia lupng thuc an d i cho an vi ting frpng cua mdi e i thi.
Miic dp phan dan (dua frfin ti lfi eic nhdm kich cd va hfi sd biln dpng - coefficient of variation, CV)
2.4. Phuong p h ^ xu h^ sd lifiu
Anh hirdng ciia ddng ca v i kieh ed- e i gidng ban diu din eic chi tifiu tang tnrong, hfi sd thiic i n v i hfi sd bien ddng khdi lupng dupc kilm dinh bing phin tich phuong sai (ANOVA) 2 nhan td vdi mdt lin lap lai (dang bd tri khdi). Nlu anh hudng cua nhin td ddng c i ddi vdi mot chi tifiu ed y nghia (P<0,05), so sanh g i i tri trung binh nghifim thiie dtrpc thue hifin bing phep thu DUNCAN. Tdc dd ting tiudng eua c i frong sudt 4 thing thi nghifim dtrpc tmh thdng qua hfi sd gde ciia md hinh ting tnrdng tuyln tinh eiia c i theo thdi gian (W, = a + bt, vdi W^ l i khdi lirpng trung binh (g) Clia ddng ea thii i va t la thdi gian nudi (ngay)). Tuong tu, so sanh hfi sd gde phuong trinh frfin giiia cac nhdm kich cd tiong cung mpt ddng Cling dupc thuc hifin nhim dinh g i i anh hudng cua kich ccr ban d i u khie nhau din tde dp ting trudng eua mdt ddng ei. Tllfi sdng eua e i dupc chuyin ddi sang ehi sd Arsin eho k i t q u i xu ly' tiidng kfi tuong ttr nhu sd gdc'khdng ehuyln ddi (%). V i ^ Idlm dinh thdng kfi dupc thtre hi^n thdng qua chirong trinh R (R Development Core Team, 2009).
8. Kfr QUA lUGHiN CUU 3.1. Tllfi sdng ciia c i
Tl lfi sdng tnmg binh ciia cic ddng c i sau 4 thing nudi khac bifit khdng cd y nghla, dao ddng 69 - 80% (Bing 1). Tl lfi e i hao hvt xay ra o 2 tiling nudi diu do e i bi bfinh xuat h u y l t Sau khi dtrpc chiia tr;, ti lfi sdng Clia eic ddng e i diu dn djnh (Hmh la). Kdt qua v l ti 1^ sdng tiong thi nghifim phii hpp vdi th\ic t l nudi e i rd diu vudng eua nhilu hp din (n = 30) o Hau Giang, ti lfi sdng cua ca nudi dat 70-95% (ghi nhan eua tic gii).
3.2. H | sd thtic i n
Bdn ddng c i cd h | sd thuc i n (FCR) tirong duong nhau (Bing 1), FCR tnmg binh dao ddng 2,49 - 2,84 (F3.9 = 0,39; P =0,77). H§ sd niy tirang ddi eao so vdi kdt q u i nudi c i tiong ao do tdc dO tang trudng cua c i tiong giai chim hon v i khd quin ly thiie an du thira.
NdNG NGHllP VA PHAT TRIEN NdNG THdN - KY 2 - THANG 9/2013 79
KHOA HQC C6NO NOHg
3^. Sinh trudng cua c^
Bing 1: Khft lu(mg c4 ban diu (W,) vk liic thu ho?ch (WD, t6c dO ting traSng theo ngiy CDWG), h$ s^ thiic an (FCR) vA ti 1$ s6ng cia 4 dAng ck
Dong cd CaMau Dong Thip Hiu Giang Bdu vuong Dong c i Kich cdr ban diu
W.fe)
2,70 ± 0 , 9 1 ' 1,52 ± 0,65- 1,78±0,86' 4,18 ±1,89=W,fe)
17,29 ±1,99' 10,70 ±1,23"12,30 ±0,67"
20,73 ±3,95'
DWG (g/ngay) 0,117 ±0,011' 0,075 ±0,015' 0,087 ±0,015' 0,130 ±0,015' Gii tri P khi phin tich ANOVA hal nhin t& voi
<0,01
<0,01
<0,01 0,06
<0,01 0,24
FCR 2,51 ± 0,16 2,49 ±0,43 2,60 ±0,92 2,84 ±0,75 1 lan lip lai
0,78 0,10
T y l $ s 6 n g ( « ) 7 5 ± 8 69 ± 1 0 73 ± 1 4 8 0 ± 7
0,52 0,59
Ghi chd: Cic sd Uiu (tnmg binh ± do lech chuan gida cic lin ldp lai) trong ctjjig mot cot cd ciing cha di thi khic biit nhau Ididng cd j^ nghia thdngki (P>0,05).
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Hinh 1. Ti 1^ sdng (a) vi kh6i lu^ng
Qua 4 thing nuoi, bon d6ng ca d^u th^ hifin xu huong tang tnrong theo thoi gian gidng nhau, trong dd, ca tang trudng d thing thu 2 tuong ddi cham hon so vdi cic thing khac th^ hi^n qua d6 ddc cua dudng tang trudng d hinh lb. Song nhin chung, tang trudng cia cic ddng ci theo thdi gian ddu cd dang dudng thing Wi - a + bt (xem mijc 2.3). He sd xac dinh cfla phuorng Irinh tayia tinh ludn cao hon (R' >0,82) dang him mu (R' dao dang 0,76 - 0,78). So sinh khdi luong giiia 4 ddng ci d timg Ihdi didm cho thiy, liic ban diu cung nhu tai moi thing thu miu, ci r6 dau vudng luon ldn nhit, ddn ci Ca Mau, nhd nhat la ca Hiu Giang vi Ddng Thip (Hinh lb). Sau 4 thing, trong didu kidn nuoi trong giai, ci rd ddu vudng dat khdi Iu(?ng trung binh 20,73 ± 3,95 g, ca ro Ca Mau 17,29 ± 1,99 g, ci Hiu Giang 12,30 ± 0,67 g va ci Ddng Thip dat 10,70 ± 1,23 g. Su khic bifit vd khdi lugrng giua cic ddng ci li cd y nghia thdng kfi (Cic kidm djnh ddu cd Fj,, > 7,0; P <0,01), sau khi trir di anh hudng cua sit chdnh Ifich kich cO ban diu trong cung 1 ddng ci (Bang 1).
(b) cic ddng ci qua 4 thing nudi
Kich c& ban dau anh hudng ddn khdi lui?ng ci cudi thi nghifim nhung kh6ng anh hudng ddn tdc Ai) tang tnrdng (DWG, g/ngay) cua cic ddng ca (Fy - 1,67; P.0,24) (Bang 1). Ddng thdi, su khac bifit vi DWG giiia cac ddng ca cung thay ddi khic vdi khoi luong, tdc do ting trudng cua ci Ci Mau (0,117 ± 0,011 g/ngay) tuong duong vdi ci ddu vudng (0,130
± 0,015 g/ngay) (trong khi khdi lu^ng ci diu vudng cao hon cd y nghla so vdi ci Ca Mau) va ddu cao hon cd jf nghia so vdi ca Ddng Thip (0,075 ± 0,015 g/ngay) vi H4u Giang (0,087 ± 0,015 g/ngiy).
Trong Cling mdt ddng, ca du^c chia lim 4 nhdm kich thudc ban diu, trong dd ci nhdm I B nhung ci thd vuqrt dan nfin cd khdi lu(mg chfinh Ifich vdi 3 nhdm ci cdn lai. Khi so sinh khdi lu(me cua 4 nhdm kich c& chung cho 4 ddng ci thi khS lugmg ci nhdm II, III va IV khac bifit nhau khbng cd -y nghla vi ddu thip hon co y nghia so vdi c4 nhdm I d thdi didm ban diu vi ci 4 lin thu mlu (sd lifiu khdng mmh hpa). Bdn ddng ci ddu thi hidn anh hudmg cua kich cO ban diu ddn kich cJ
80
N 6 N G NGHllP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - KY 2 - THANG 9/2013KHOA HOC C O N G N G H |
thu hoach, e i c6 kh6i luong han dau 16n hon thi kh6i lugng We thu hoaeh eting lon hon (Fag = 3,61;
P=0,06), nhung khong l i m anh hu6ng d^n toe do ting truong giira c i c nhom kich c o trong citng m6t
d6ng. Vi du, t^e d6 tang truong eiia e i C i Mau nh6m I v i nhom II -IV tuong iing la 0,116 v i 0,113 g/ngay va o ca dau vu6ng tuong ung la 0,131 v i 0,133 g / n g i y (Hmh 2).
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Khoang k h 6 i lirorng (g) Hmh 3 : 1 ! 1^ cic nh6m khdi lu^ng cua bdn ddng e i Bing 2: H$ s6 bidn d0ng khdi luipng (CV, %) cua eie
d 6 n g c i
Thai gian nuoi (ngiy) Th5i gian nuoi (ngiy)
Hinh 2. Ting tru6ng theo thM gian cua c i C i Mau (triO v i diu vudng (phii) v6i c i c nhdm kich cJb ban diu khic nhau
>40 g chidm ti 16 r^t it d c i Hiu Giang (0,3%), khdng cd d ca Ddng Thip, so vdi 3,3% d e i C i Mau v i 4,6% d ddng e i dau vudng (Hinh 3).
4. THAO LUAN
Kdt qua quan trpng cua nghiSn cuu da cho thay ca diu vudng tuy cd khdi luong trung binh ldn hon cac ddng e i tu nhidn, nhung tdc do ting trudng b giai doan nuoi thit chua thd hidn su khie bidt so vdi mdt ddng c i tu nhidn tdt nhat, do la c i C i Mau. Ddng thdi, nghidn cuu cung cho thay c i rd cung mdt ddng va cung ngay tudi ed kich thudc ban diu khic nhau nhung khdng khic nhau vd tde dd ting trudng. Tde do ting trudng giiia eic ddng h o ^ giita cic nhdm kich cd duoc so sinh dua trfin hd sd gdc ciia dudng tuong quan tuydn tinh giua khdi lugng c i theo thdi gian cho kdt qua chinh x i e do khdng bi inh hudng bdi kieh cdban dau (Hopkins, 1998; Dunham, 2004).
Uu thd tang trudng nhanh cua c i rd diu vudng so vdi e i rd tu nhidn thay ddi theo giai doan phit tridn. 0 giai dpan uong tii c i hot ldn c i gidng, vdi kieh thudc c i bdt nhd hon c i tu nhidn (ngude gdc d C i Mau, Hiu Giang v i Ddng Thap), cA rd diu vudng ban dau ting tnrdng tuong duong vdi c i rd tu nhidn ddn 45 ngiy uong. Sau dd, chiing ting trudng nhanh hon ed y nghia so vdi eic ddng c i tu-nhidn nhung mtic dd khic bidt so vdi c i >» C i "MdU chi thd hien d didu kidn uong trong bd ldn 1 m' va khdng khic bidt thdng kd khi ucmg d bd nhd (Duong TTiiiy Ydn v i Duong Nhut Long, 2013). O giai doan nudi thjt, e i rd dau vudng cd khdi lupng liic thu hoach cao hon 2096 so vdi c i rd C i Mau chii ydu l i do lpi thd kieh cd c i Ddngc^
C4Mau Ddng Thip H4u Giang Diu vuong
CV(%) 53,4 ±7,2' 37,7 ± 4,6- 40,2 ±5,6' 43,5 ±8,2='' Cic sd lidu trong cdt cd ciing chu cii thi khac bidt nhau khdng cdy nghfa thdngkd (P>0,05) Xdt vd su phan hda sinh trudng giiia cac ca thd trong Cling mdt ddng cho thiy ddng ca ro Ca Mau cd miic do phan dsln (CV, %) cao hom so vdi 2 ddng ca HJu Giang v4 Ddng Thap, nhung khic bifit khdng cd y nghla so vdi c4 diu vudng (Bang 2). Ti 16 nhdm khdi lu(mg 10 -20 g cao nhit trong 4 ddng ca (43,1 - 59,1%). Tuy nhifin, ddng c4 Ddng Thip v i Hau Giang cd ti If c i nhd hon 7,5 g tuong ling chidm ddn 17,8%
vi 4,0%, trong khi ddng c i C i Mau v i d i u vu6ng tuong ung ch! cd 0 3 v i 0%. Nguoc l?i, nhdm c i ldn
N 6 N G NGHliP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - KY 2 - THANG 9/2013 81
KHOA HQC C O N G N 0 H |
trong didu kidn mftt dd nudi (con/m^ khic nhau thi tha ca han diu nhd se thu dupc smh khdi cao hon so vdi tha ci ldn vdi cung mit dd tinh theo smh khdi (kg/m^.
S-KfruMUu
Sau 4 thing nudi ca rd diu vudng ed khdi lupng eao nhat, khic bidt ed y nghla so vdi cic ddng ci tir nhidn nhung tde dd tang tnrong (g/ngay), tuong duong vdi ca rd Ci Mau. Trong 3 ddng ea tu nhidn ca Ca Mau bidu hidn tdt nh^t vd ting trudng. Trong cimg mpt ddng, tdc dp tang tnrdng cua ei khdng phy thupc vio kieh cd ban diu. Ti Id sdng vi hd sd thiic an khdng cd sy khic bidt giiia cie ddng ea. Ci rd Ci Mau vi dau vudng cd thd la nhiing ngudn vit hdu tdt ban dau cho cic ehuong trinh chpn tao gidng.
LOI CAM ON
Nghiin ctru nay la mdt ndi dimg trong di i^
khoa hoc cdng nghi cap Bp (Ma s6 B2012-16-l^
diroc tii tra cua Bd Giao dvc vi Dio tao. Tic gia chSn thinh cim on cic em sinh viin Trinh Hal Long vA Hi Huy Tung di tbam gia chim sdc ci tbi nghiim.
TAIUPinUMKHAO
1. Abdel-Hakun, N. F., Ammar, A. A and Salah, A. A., 2008. Effect of initial stocking size and production cycle on growtii performance of monosex tilapia reared in eartiien ponds. 8th International Symposium on TUapia m Aquaculture 2008.
2. Buekel, J. A., Sternberg, N. D., Conover, D. 0., 1995. Effects of temperature, salinity, and fish size on growth and consumption of juvenile blue fish.
Joumal of Fish Biology 47,696-706.
3. Bungas, K., Arfiati, D., Marsoedi and Halim, H., 2013. Effects of protem levels on the growth of ehmbing perch, Anabas testudineus Galam type, in Peat Water. Intemational Research Joumal of Biological Sciences 2(4), 55-58.
4. Charlesworth, B., 2009. Effective population size and patterns of molecular evolution and variation. Nature Reviews Genetics 10,195-205.
5. Dunham, R A., 2004. Aquaculture and fisheries biotechnology: Genetic .^proaches. 2Dd Edition. CABI.
6. Duong Tliiiy Ydn va Duong Nhtrt Long, 2013.
Anh huong ciia ngudn gdc ci bd me ddn ting tiudng vi ti Id sdng cua ei rd (Anabas testudineus Bloch, 1792) giai do?n uong tu ei bdt ldn cA gidng. Tgp chl
N C N G NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G THON - KV 2 - THANG 9/2013
gidng ldn hon (tiimg binh 4,18 g so vdi 2,70 g). Song,
tdc dd tang tiirdng va ti Id ei tiid cd kich thudc lon giira hai ddng ci nay hiong duong nhau. Kdt qua nay cd y nghia quan trpng trong chpn gidng ci rd. Ca rd hi nhidn Ca Mau vdi nhung dac didm tdt nhu ting tiudng nhanh, ti Id sdng cao... li ngudn glen gdc ed tridn vpng dd phuc vu cdng tic lai tao vdi ca rd dau vudng, trinh duoc nhiing nguy co suy giam chat lupng gidng vd lau dii do sd lupng ci dau vudng ban diu it Hidn tupng ehit lupng gidng suy giam theo thd hd gia hda xay ra rat phd bidn trdn nhidu loai ca nudi crave, 1999; Taniguchi, 2003). Nhidu bidn phip quan ly vi su dung din ei bd me CTave, 1999) va kdt hpp eic phuong phip chpn gidng Cai tao, ehpn lpc.) da dupc dd xuat trong mot sd tai hdu cua FAO CTave, 1999; FAO, 2008).
Khic vdi ca rd Ci Mau, ca rd tu nhidn ed ngudn gdc ttr Ddng Thap va Hiu Giang thd hidn ting truong chim vi ti Id sdng thip ttt giai doan uong (Duong TTniy Ydn vi Duong Nhut Long, 2013) ddn giai doan nudi thit trong cung mot didu kidn uong, nudi. Kdt qua nay phu hpp vdi sd hdu tiiu mau tir tu nhidn, ci Ca Mau cd kich thudc tdi da thu dupc ldn hon va hd sd tuong quan (h) giuta khdi lupng (W) vi chidu dii (L) theo phirong trinh W = aLb lon hon so voi ci Ddng Thip va Hau Giang (Duong Thvry Ydn, sd Ueu ehua edng bd). Su khae bidt vd tang tiudng ciia eie ddng ei rd tu nhidn trong nghidn ciiu niy khie vdi kdt qua ciia mdt nghidn eim d Indonesia, Bungas vi ctv. (2013) eho bidt khdng ed su anh hudng eiia 2 ddng ci rd Anabas testudineus cd ngudn gdc tii hai hdn dao khic nhau 6 Indonesia khi nudi trong ciing mpt didu kidn.
Cic ddng ei rd khic nhau trong nghidn eiiu nay ddu cd kdt qua gidng nhau la kich cd ei ban dau khdng anh hudng ddn tde dd tang trudng. Kdt qui nay tuong ttt nhu kdt qua nghidn ciiu trdn mdt sd loii ei khac. Ci rd phi Oreochromis nlloticus dupc nudi trong ao dat vdi 2 nhdm ci cd khdi lupng ban dau li 1,3 g vi 4,1 g, sau 28 tuin, khdi lupng ci thu hoaeh (hrong img li 264,2 g vi 269,6 g) vi tde dd ting tnrdng (1,33 va 1,34 g/ngiy) nhu nhau giiia 2 nhom ci (Abdel-Hakun et al., 2008). Tuong tu, mdt nghidn Cliu khic trdn ci bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix eho tiiay tde dp ting trudng eiia 2 nhdm ci khic nhau vd kich ed ban dau (2,6 g vi 10,6 g) khie bidt khong ed y nghia thdng kd khi nudi d ckc nhidt dp khie nhau (Buekel et al., 1995). Ndu kdt qua vd anh hudng cua ldch cd ddn tdc dp ting trudng cua ci rd vin diing
82
KHOA HpC C 6 N 0 NOHt
Ndng Nghidp v i Phit tiidn Ndng tiidn. Sd 6/2013, 66-72.
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EFFECTS OF BROODSTOCK SOURCES ON GROWTH OF CLIMBING PERCH (Anabas testudmesu^
OFFSPRING AT GROW-OUT STAGE
Duong Thuy Yen Summary
The study aimed to evaluate the growth at grow-out stage of climbing perch offspring artificially propagated from four broodstock sources including nornial strains of climbing perch collected in (i) Ca Mau, (ii) Dong TTiap, (iii) Hau Giang provinces and (iv) square head climbing perch. Sixty-day old fingerlings were randomly assigned to 16 hapas (1.5 x 1.5 x 2 m) suspended in the same pond. Fish were stocked 100 individuals with uniform size for each hapa. Difference in initial sizes within treatments was treated as block effect After 4 months of culture, square head strain had the significantly highest weight (20.73 ± 3.95 g) compared to wild strams (Ca Mau: 17.29 ± 1.99 g; Hau Giang: 12.30 ± 0.67 g and Dong Thap: 10.70 ± 1.23 g).
However, daity weight gain (DWG) of square head strain (0.130 ± 0.015 g/day) was not significantly different irom that of Ca Mau strain (0.117 ± 0.011 g/day). Ca Mau climbing perch performed the highest growtii rate among wild strains. Survival and feed conversion ratio were similar among 4 strains. Within strains, initial size did not affect DWG, Results indicate that Ca Mau and square head strain can be good genetic sources for further breeding programs of climbing perch.
Ifeywords: Climbing perch. Anabas testudineus, grow-out, strain evaluation. Initial size.
Ngudi phin bidn: TS. Nguydn Hftu Nmh Ngiy nhin bii: 2/5/2013
Ngiy thdng qua phin bidn: 7/6/2013 Ngiy duydt ding: 12/6/2013
N^Nf^ Nr^ui^p vA PUATTDIEKI M A M A T U A M . i r i r ? -TUAMt^o/onii
