KHOA HOC KY THUAT THtJ Y - TAP XVIII - s 6 5 - 2011
NGHIEN CLfU PHAT HliN, XAC DjNH T * LE N H I I M NEOSPORA - LOAI DON BAD KY SINH 6 NGl/dl VA GIA SUC
Nguyen Anh Diing', Ltfu Vifi't Vifin', Nguyin Cdng Thjnh', Nguyfin Thj Ngoc Khanh^
TOM TAT
Bflng phtfdng phap ky sinh triing hpc truyin thfl'ng (ep td chiic, nhudm HE, kil'm tra hinh thai trln kinh hil'n vi) da phat hifin Neospora b phii tang gia siic , b mau san phu say thai (nhuflm Giemsa) va niim nhau thai. Ty II nhilm Neospora b gia siic dao ddng tiiy loai: 51,7% d chd, 38,5% cl dfi va 25,5% b bd.
Bflng phtfdng phap huyfi't thanh hpc (ELISA khang thfi') cho bifi't ty Ifi phdi nhilm d bd la 21,3% , cr ngtfdi (sa'n phu) co tiln stf say tliai va thai chfi't Itfu, dtfdng tinh hoflc nghi ngd cd Neospora. kfi't qua dtfdng tinh la 54,8%.
TiJfkliod: Neo-tpora spp, Gia sue, Ngtfdi, Ty 11 nhilm
Prevalence of Neospora infection - a human and animal protozoan pai'asite in Vietnam
Nguyen Anh Dung. Linj Vi^t Vien, Nguyen Cdng Thinh, Nguyen Thj Ngoc Khanh SUMMARY
Using the classical methods (Histopathology utilizing ordinary stains, detection of tachyzoites or tissue cysts under microscope), Neospora has been detected in animal viscera, in blood of aborted human fetuses (by Giemsa staining) and in the human placenta. The prevalence of Neospora infection varied among animal species to the others 51.7% in dogs, 38.5% in goats and 25.5% in cattle.
In serology (ELISA), the sero-prevalence of Neospora in cattle was 21.3% and in women having history of abortion and still birth was 54.6%.
Key word.''- Neospora spp. Animal, Human, Prevalence.
I, D A T V A N D E ^° quan hfi hp hang, gid'ng nhau v l hinh Binh do Neospora la mdt trong nhtfng ^^ai va kich thtfdc nhtfng cd dflc tinh mifin b5nh ky sinh triing nguy hifim truyin Ifly ''^^"^ ^9'-" ^^^^ "h^"- ^'"^ ^ao Neospora (vl giifa ngtfdi va ddng vflt. Theo tai lifiu cila ^'""^ **^^' *^'*"g ^^ Toxoplasma gondii^.
JICA Nhflt B^n, Neospora spp va " ° ' *^^""g ^° ^^^ " ^ " 8 ^y ^'"^^ '''^ 8*^
Toxoplasma gondii gfly bfinh cho ddng vflt ^'^"h cho nhilu loai ddng vflt mau ndng va
' BO mfln ky sinh triing - Vifln thii y
^ Bfinh vien Phu san Trung iftTng,
78
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y - TAP XVIII - sO' 5 - 2011 ngtfdi. b gia siic, Neospora gfly tdn tliudng
trong ndi md gan, lach, thfln, phd'i, nao, hfi lflm ba va ttf cung. Td'n thtfdng d nao din dfi'n bai lifit, tfl'n thtfdng d hi cung gfly say thai va chfi't Itfu thai. Vfln dl ck\ quan tflm b dfly la bfinh dfi Ifly tii gia siic sang ngtfdi; khi ngtfdi tfly nhifim Neospora, dflc bifit la phu nii mang thai, thai nhi se bj say hoflc chfi't Itfu tliai. Hifin con CO rfl't it thflng tin vl bfinh do Neospora d ntfdc ta; chiing tdi thfl'y c^n Hfi'n hanh nghifin Cliu phat hifin bfinh va btfdc d^u xac djnh ty lfi nhifim Neospora trfin gia sue (dfi, did, bd - nhfl't la bo Stfa) va ngtfdi (san phu) nhflm danli gia nguy cd gfly thifit hai ciia bfinh b gia siic va anh htfdng ciia bfinh dfin stfc khoe con ngtfdi trong cflng ddng.
II. NOI DUNG, NGUYEN LIEU VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU 2.1. Ndi dung
Phat hifin binh do Neospora. xac dinh ty ifi nhilm Neospora trfin mflt sd' vat nudi (gia sue) va ngtfdi
2.1 Nguyen Hfiu
- Mau va phii tang ciia dl, chd, bo thu tit Id
- Mau va mim nhau thai ngudi thu thflp d Bfinh vifin phu san trung tfdng (Ha Ndi).
2.3. Phtfdng phap -Kysinh trunghgc
Chufln bi tifiu ban: bflng phtfdng phap ep td' chtfc , nhuflm H.E (gan, lach, phfl'i, hach, mim nhau tliai) va phfit kinh Hfiu ban mau nhtf thtfdng quy.
Nhuflm Giemsa, kifim tra dtfdi kinh hiffn vi vdi dfl phdng dai 1000 ifln.
- Phan ling huyfit thanh hoc (ELISA) dtfdc thtfc hifin theo htfdng dfln cua nha cung cfl'p.
Dfl'i vdi ELISA phat hifin khang the' Neospora caninuni trfin bd siia New Zealand, sii dung bd Kit phat hifin khang tlifi' dflc hifiu IgG SVANOViK® Neospora-Ab do hang SV ANOVA Biotech AB cung ca'p. Mflu huyet thanli dtfdc pha loang b hifiu gia 1/100, danh gia kfi't qua dtfdng tinh theo chi dfln cua nha san xufl't khi gia tri PP>20% (OD mlu x 100/
OD mflu dtfdng). ( PP la clu si danli gia miu duang tinh (+) hay dm tinh (-) vdi Neospora.
PP > 20 : di/ang tinh ; = 20: nghi ngd; < 20:
dm tfnli).
III. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1. Ty le nhifim Neospora xac djnh bflng nhuom Giemsa
Bang 1. Kit qua xac dinh ty Id nhiem Neospora a mau va phii tang Nguon g6c b^nh ph4m
0§
Cho B6 Ngu-ai*
So miu kiem tia 200 300 47 100
So miu (*}
77 155 12 30
Tylel'/,) 38.5 51,7 25,5 30,0 i^au va mim nhau cua san phu co tidn su say thai va thai chit Ittu.
Bfinh vifin Phu san trung tfdng cac nflm 2004 va 2005).
M^m bfinh Neospora dtfdc phat hifin b bfinh phfl'm la phii tang gia siic (lach chd, gan dfi) (hinh 1). Neospora cung thfl'y b 7/10 Bflng phtfdng phap nhudm Giemsa tifiu
ban mau va ep phii tang, chiing tfli da phat hifin dtfdc mflm bfinh Neospora b cac loai gia siic dfi, cho va bd ; d san phu c6 Hin stf say thai va thai chfi't ltfu (bfinh phflm thu thflp tai
79
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y - TAP XVIII - s6 5 - 2 0 1 1
m3u Mnh pha'm lii mmi nhau thm bo siia ngirii , Neospora dudc IhSV a m.iu san phu New Zealand liSn tifp bj say Uiai (2005 Thanh say thai (hinli 2) va niim nliau thai san phu Hoa- Hi$n t.icgiii vdn htu gii?,inh ihup ), I'l (hlnh "S)
\
Hull) I. I >,H}it (..> iili.iii m.iu i.uigi/i.iii/i/ . U.I .\fii-./>,,/.i I, ong phu t.jiii; dc. cho
NeO'ipord [JALh\/^o{\s)
* - %
Tieu ban maLi nguoi ,~ ,,.,
Hinh 2. Neospora (Tacby yoile) 6 ni.ia AJ/I phu ,sj"i thai
i,»t..l^,A,lli.l^7.'; . i ^ Hinh 3. Neospora (trai) trong niim nhau san phu. (Nhudm H.E, chup qua kinh hid'n vi dd
phdng dai 1000 lan); (phai): hinh anh tham chidu
3.2. Ty lfi dtfdng tinh huye't thanh hoc vdi thanh san phu (cac trtfdng hdp cd bfinh phflm Neospora caninum dtfdng tinh hoflc nghi ngd sau kifi'm tra bflng Chung tdi da xet nghifim huyfi't thanh hoc phtfdng phap nhudm Giemsa), kfi't qua dtfdc 47 mlu huyfi't thanh bd siia va 42 mlu huyfi't Hinh bay oi bang 2.
80
K H O A H O C K Y T H U A T T H U Y - TAP XVIII - SO 5 - 2 0 1 1
Bing 2. Kd't qua duang tinh huyit thanh hoc Neospora d bd va ngUdi MSu
B6 Ngu'6'1
So miu i<i4m tia \ S6mSu(*) j Ty!^(%) 47
42
10 23
21,3 54,8 ELISA p h a t hifin kliang tlifi' dflc hifiu k h a n g
Neospora caninum cho bifi't cd 10 Hong sfl' 47 trtfdng h d p dtfdng tinli huyfi't tlicuili hoc (21,3%) d bo stfa. Dfli v d i cac trtfdng h d p bfinli nhfln say thai hoflc cd Hin sii say thai va thai chfi't ltfu, c6 23/42 trtfdng h d p dtfdng tfnli (54,8%).
Phan ling ELISA t r o n g phtfdng p h a p huyfi't thanh hoc n h a y h d n v a h i l n d a i h d n so v d i phtfdng p h a p t r u y e n tlidhg, klii dtfdc sii d u n g va phuc v u cho n g h i i n ciiu ky sinh t r i m g . Kfi't qua CO stf k h a c n h a u giiia 2 phtfdng p h a p d i ^ d o a n (bang 1 vA bang 2) la d o m i m bfinh Neospora khi m d i n h i l m v a o vflt c h u cd ctfdng d d k h a n g n g u y i n thfl'p, nfin h a m Itfdng khang thfi' Hong huyfi't thcuih thfl'p, d o d o cho 1 sd' ke't q u a s a u p h a n l i n g p h a t hifin k h a n g thfi' chtfa dflc h i l u P P = 20% (nghi ngo).
PhUdng p h a p t r u y i n thd'ng sii d u n g Hong cha'n d o a n bfinh, p h a t hifin mflm bfinh chflm nhtfng chflc chfln va d d i hoi stf giflu kinh nghiem, cd chuyfin mfln sau.
IV. K E T L U A N
1. Bflng phtfdng p h a p k y sinh t r i m g hoc truyin thtfng, d a xac d i n h stf cd m a t ciia Neospora Hong bfinh phfl'm la p h i i t a n g gia siic, d m a u san p h u say thai va n i i m n h a u thai san p h u (say thai).
2. Xac d i n h bflng h i n h tfiai theo phtfdng phap e p t^ chiic n h u d m H E , ty le dtfdng tinh Neospora b gia s u e d a o d d n g t u y loai (cao nhfl't d chd: 51,7%, s a u d o dfi'n dfi (38,5%) va thfl'p nha't d b d stfa (25,5%).
3. Bflng phtfdng p h a p huyfi't thanh hpc (ELISA k h a n g t h ^ , ty lfi dtfdng tfnh cf bd siia la 213%. Dfli v d i cac Hifdng h d p bfinh nhfln say (hai hoflc cd Hin sii say thai va thai chfi't ltfu, ' dtfdng tinh hoflc n g h i n g d cd Neospora b td chiic, da xac d i n h cd 2 3 / 4 2 frtfdng h d p dtfdng , tinhhuyfi't tharJi hoc (54,8%).
j Kien n g h i
J T i ^ hic ngjiifin ciiu thilt lflp phtfdng p h a p huyfi't thanh hoc va cac phtfdng p h a p chfln d o a n
bfinh Neospora, nhflm xac d m h bfinh Neospora b gia siic va ngtfdi; chfi' tao sinh phflm chfln doan dtfa vao ngudn Hr tao, n g h i i n ciiu v l dich t l hoc bfinli d o Neospora lam cd sd khoa hoc cho vific d l ra cac giai p h a p phdng Hi dflc hifiu bfinh Neospora cho d d n g vflt va ngtfdi.
F h d n g bfinh d o Neospora dd'i vdi ngtfdi Theo tai lifiu ntfdc ngoai, dtfdng H u y i n Ifly q u a mifing va H u y I n m a u , tir m e sang bao tiiai p h d n g bfinh Neospora nhtf sau:
- Khflng fln sfl'ng cac loai tifi't canh, nhfl't la tifi't canh chd, dfi, b o . . .
- Trtfdc khi nudi chd, m e o (ddng vat canh gdn ngudi^ va cac loai gflm nha'm...nfin m a n g d d n g vflt dfin cd q u a n thii y kifim Ha cac mflm bfinh H u y I n Ifly Hi gia siic sang ngtfdi.
- Phu nii trtfdc khi cd thai c4n dfi'n den Benh vifin p h u san lam cac xet nghifim v l mau.
- Trtfdc khi lay m a u dfi' t r u y i n m a u , p h a i xet nghifim ngtfdi cho m a u co m a n g mflm bfinh Neospora ( duoiig tmh) khflng.
- Trtfdc k h i sii d u n g san p h a m siia bd ttfdi nfin Hm hifi'u n g u d n c u n g cfl'p.
D i l u Hi:
Btfdc dflu sii d u n g cac thufl'c nhtf dfl'i v d i Toxoplasma.
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O 1 Anderson J.P.Dubey, RI.Holfman 1991.
Neospora-like protozoan infection as a majior cause of abortion in California dairy cattle.J.Ain.Vet.Med.Assoc.im241-244.
2 Dut«y, J.P and D.S Lindray 1996.Neospora caninuman<i Neosporosis. Vetparasttol67.
3 Hantani Makolo (Theo tai Ufiu cua dil an JICA- benh do Neospora b bo) Vifin thii y Nhat Ban.
4 GScharcis BFAV Wustes hausen Gennany,2D(J3.
Life cycle of Neospont caninum.
5 Timbaszier ,2003. Bovine Neosporosis.
6 Jennifer Tranas, Robert A.Heizen 1999.
Serological evidence of human infection with the protozoan Neospora caninum.
