DfNH LUb

(1)

HEHIEHClifU B TRAOflOl |

PHl/dNG PHAP TINH TOAN XAC DfNH LUb Ll/dNG, PHl/dNG TIEN VA THdl GIAN ClAJ NGl/dl Bl NAN

TRdNG DAM CHAY NHA CAO TANG

Cing vdi xu ttig phdt tiign kinh tg, ra hfli ttii qud flinh dd ttij hda diln ra vdl tdc dO nhanh chdng, vigc quy hogeh phat trign cdc d^ dn vd ) ^ dgng nha cao l ^ g da vd dang duct tiign khai mgnh md dgc bigt Id d cdc flidnh pt^ va cac khu do ttii Idn, hang logt trg sd Idm vigc, khach sgn, tiung tdm djch vg fliutng mai, nhd 6,... da vd dang dupc ^ dgng n h k i phuc vg cdc nhu cau cDa xa hfli, Idm thay ddi dign mgo dd ttij vd b i ^ tmng cho sfl phdt triln CIB d ^ nu3c.

Sg xu^ hign ngdy cdng nhigu cdc khu dfl ttij mdl, cdc khu Chung cu cao tdng Id mflt tfft ygu n h ^ ddp Uhg nhu Ccki nha d c[a ngudl ddn, NhUhg khi kinh tg cang phat trign, nhu c ^ eta con ngubl ngS^ cdng fing thi keo theo hang loat cac vSn dd n ^ sinh nhu; d nhilm mfli tnJbng, dch ^ giao thflng... trong dd v ^ d l ddm bdo an todn vg PCCC&CNCH Id \^n dg vfl cUig cSip thigt vd cdn phdi dutc quan 1dm.

Nhd cao tgng thubng duipc ) ^ dgng vdi nhidu cdng ndng kgt hdp nhu: tmng tdm djch vg thuong mgi, khach san, van phdng, nhd d... ngn ludn ^ tmng dflng ngubi, vi v ^ , khi xdy ra chj^

cd thg gS^ ra hgu qud nghigm trpng ttil?it hgi vg ngut* va tdi sdn.

M$c du khi ttiidt kg, flii cdng vd dua vao sEr dgng, chb dgu tu cung nhu cdc Cd quan chfl: ndng da chii flong ddh vigc ldp d^it, flang bi hg thdng PCCC, CNCH fl^n theo cdc quy chiih, tidu chi£in hi^n hdnh.

Mdl trong nhiing nhigm vg quan tipng cua Igc lupng Cdnh sat PCCC&CNCH khi dgn cdc ddm c h ^ nha cao tgng la hudng din vd t6 chilic cdc hogt ddng c j l ngud bi ngn. Cdn cir vdo flnh hinh didn bign cua dam chay, vdo sd lupng, tinh trgng ngudl bj nan, vdo trang tiiigt bj, phUJng flgn CNCH, ma chl huy quygt djnh sir ding phucng phdp cdu ngUbi bj ngn cho phu hep va dgt h i ^ qua cao. Lgc lupng Cdnh sdt PCCC&CNCH ti^ hanh cdu ngubi b| nan being hai phUdng phap cd bdn: phutng phap tr\£ flgp va phutng phdp gidn flgp. Khi dp dgng phudng phap cQj ngudi bj ngn trflc ti^, lgc Iflpng Cdnh sdt PCCC&CNCH sir ding cac phfldng flgn, tiiigt bj chuygn dtng nhu: xe tiiang, xe ndng, ttiang, cang, dc^

clij ngn,.. dg cdu ngudi bj ngn, hodc bdng cdch vdc, c»ng, be...

ngubi bj ngn. Ygu cdu ddi vdi hogt dflng dllJ ngubi la phdi kip tiidi, chinh xdc vd ddm bdo an t c ^ ti;/gt ddi cho ngudi bj nan cing nhu lgc lutng cOu ngn. Do dd, vigc fl'nh ban xac dinh tlidi gian, sd lupng cdn bfl, chign ^ vd phuong tign dg t6 chit hogt dflng ciJU ngubi b| ngn flieo phutng phap trdn la mflt flnng nhiing nhigm vg nghign cdu r^ cgn tiiidt cd vg cd sir ly li^ln va thgc tiln cho hogt dflng CNCH cua Igc lupng Cdnh sdt PCCC&CNCH. Trong sd nay chijng tfli gidi thigu 3 phUPng phdp sau

Trung ta, TS. VU VAN THUY Tnidng Khoa 4. Tnidng Dai hoc PCCC Dai uy, TS. NGUYEN TUAN ANH

Pho tn/dng Khoa 3, Tnfdng Dai hpe PCCC 1. Phuong phap tfnli toan thdl gian, stf iuii;nig xe thang, xe ndng cOli ngutfi bj ngn

Khi x ^ ra chE^ d nha cao t ^ g , trong tmbng hqp dudng thodt ngn bdng ch fliang bd bj khdi bao phti, cd Igp th) ^gc trlfn khai cac phutng flgn cfly ngudi Id i ^ cgn tiiigt. Xe thang, xe ndng Id mflt tiung cac phfldng tign cia ngubi lift higu qud vd thupng dupc Igc lUdng PCCC&CNCH sU ding. Khi sEr dgng cac phupng flgn chi^fei dmg nhLf xe ttiang, xe ndng dg cdu nguM bj ngn d ti^n cao, ttidi gian cflu ^ cd ngubi bj ngn tU mgi vj tri khi sfl dgng mdt ddn vj phucng ti^n cOu ngn (T^^) duct tinh theo cdng thCic sau:

Trong dd:

k, - vj tri cd ngudi bj ngn;

kj - sd l§n djch chuygn cDa phudng tign cflu ngudi tir vj tri nkj sang vj tri khde (kj=k,-1);

t^ - thdi gian dua phutng tign vdo trgng thdi ldm vigc d vj tri cgn thigt (tmng binh t, =120 gidy);

t^ - thdi gian ndng va djch chuygn phU3ng tign dgn vj tri c6 ngudi bi n ^ :

, _ h (2)

h - chidu cao djch chi^gn;

V^ - vdn Kic djch chuygn {ttung binh 1 ^ b^g 0,3m/s);

t3 - ttid gian thflc tg SLT dtng phUdng tign dg dua todn bd nguEl bj ngn xudng d ^ flf mflt vi tri:

?3 = Pnhk (3) P - khd ndng \ ^ hanh cua phutxig flgn (bdng 1);

n - sd ngudi bj ngn trong ddm c h ^ d dg cao h, m;

k - hg sdldn th$ flidi gian khi ngubl bj ngn budc vdo ttii^ bj o n nan (bang 1);

Thdi gian thgc tg dg did ngubl bj ngn d ^ tidn xudng bdng xe ttiang t,,:

t^,=6Phk (4)

Thdi gian thflc tg dg dua ngudl bj ngn thfl n >ajdng bing xe

"'^"BW , 3 . = , 3 , + 6 A ( « - l ) * p ) h,=3m - WK^g each giua 2 nguM bi nsn khi xuSng bSng xe thang;

t, - tha gian dich chuySn v i h? phiBng tifn (t,=y;

I J thi _ 68 thang 3/2015

(2)

ts - tha gian chuyin phimg ti^n sang ti?ng thS tnljt {tj=t,);

tg - c h u ^ phutJng ti^n ti/ vi trf nay sang vi tn i<hac:

V

S - l(tio3ng Ciich dich c h i ^ , m;

V - \ ^ tS; dich chiyfc (v = 0,5 m/s).

Sei lugng xe thang, xe nSng thvc hien hoat diiig ctU nan tnmg khcAig tha gian c3n thiSt dS ciu nguM hi nan ktcac vi tn:

(7)

A L = -

T^ - tha gian mOt trong cac y^u ^ nguy hilm cua dam chay tai vi trf c* ngua hi nan d?t gia tri tSc dgng de dga dSn t'nh mang bta ho. DS va ling Snh hubng cu the, gia tri nay co t h i dutc inh toan h(8c Iga chgn can cfl vao kinh nghiSm thic tiln.

Phtftfng tien

Xe ndng Xe thang

Digu kifn v^n hdnh

CLTU nguf^ \ij cisa so COu ngildi tLT ban

cOng

Klid nflng vSn hdnh cua plii/tfng ti$n (s/ngudi.m)

0,4 1,4

thSt (k) 6 3

I HeHIEWCUU"!

Trong d6: /\,=0,1 {ngMphiMigMmiti. \ la hi&i s i 4 tnmg hlnh d l 1 chiSi sy (nguttdtHsSi trong khoSng tha gian 0,1 phdt CO thi dua 1 ngua bi nan (ngittimki sS) 1 met theo phimg thang dOhg xuong duS; h - chilu cao vi trf ngua bi nan so va mSt i B ; N,„ - s6 ngua bi nan cJn duoc cOu b i i g dSy; l(j=2 - h j sd phg thuOc vao tha gian thao dSy buOc nan nhan, ttia gian keo day ien thyc hien hoat dOng tilp theo, tha gian trong tinh trang kho tien doan tnia:; T^ - tha gian cin thilt d l tiln hanh cac hoat ding cdi nan (cuu loan bO ngua bj nan bang day); 0,15 phtt/m - tha gian chien ^ khing sfl dtng thilt bi thd ien 1 m theo phimg thing ding;

Ting tha gian tiln hanh cac hoat dfing cit nan khi huy dfing N s6 chiln w tfnh thpn rmn thfr-

Bimg 1. Khi nSng v^n h^nh dia phuong ti§n 2, Phirmig phap xic dinh Itit lifimg, thU gian cDu n g M bi n^n bing bi$n phap: vdc, cong, b l . ,

Sau khi triln khai flm kilm dutc ngua bj nan, can cfl vao flnh trang cDa ngua bj nan ma lie iiJ;ng CNCH sfl dgng cac bi|n phap d i dua ngua bi nan ra khu vgc an toan. S6 chiln £$ thic hien hoat dfing ciiu noUa bi nan dutc fl'nh theo cong thic:

A,iiM^k, (8)

K,

_-N^f

Trong dfi: A,=1,2 (nguM.phflt/ngi/a.mSt). / \ : ia hi6u su9 tmng binh c k 1 chiln sy {ngoi^ d tiis&j trang khoSng tha gian 1,2 phutcothldlQI ngiil bj nan ( / 7 9 l 0 d m ^ s d } d i c h i ^ 1 met ttieo phutng th§ng dflng xufing duK; h - chilu cao v\ tri ngua bi nan so va mat dlt; Nj„ - sfi ngua bj nan d n d^c ciu; T^ - ttia gian cin fliilt flIn hanh cac boat d ^ g cflu nan (ciiu toan t^ ngua bi nan ra ngi^); f=1 phut/ngubl - h$ so tin ttilt v l ttia gian khi chiln sy di chiyin ttieo thfltgdin va ra kh6i khu vgc t§p kit ngua bi nan va cfi sfl ding thilt lii bao v@ cd quan hfi hSp; l<,=1 - khi chiln ^ khfing sfl ding ttiiet bi ttifi; k,=2 - khi chiln sy sfl dung thilt bi ttifi.

Ting tha gian tiln hanh cac boat dfing ciu nan (tha gian d l difi toan bO ngua bi nan ra khfi tfia nl^) khi hi^ doig N^ c h i ^

^ ttnh ttieo cfing thic;

" K

^{*f,.f^'}

3. Phuong phap xic dinh lgc luVng, Ihdi gian cflu ngilU bj n^n bing bi;n phap sfl dgng dly

Trong mfit s l tmaig hop khi chay xay la dnha cao ilng maxe ttiang khfing ttIp can ditc, h i ^ vfl sii lamg ngua bj nan nhi&

Igc iuaig CNCH CO ttil sfl dgng day d l cflu ngua bi nan. S l chiln

^ ttigc hign boat ding ciu ngua bj ngn dugc tfnh theo cing ttiOC;

.„ AWV..fc*, „

T„-——=3_L + oi ^5/lt, ⁽¹¹⁾ Tai ttong ldn nhit ma chiln sy d n gii} day d l ttiS ngua bi nan an tran ducc fl'nh ttieo cfing ttiic:

P= P^e-' (12)

Trong dfi: P^ - trgng iugng ngua bi ngn, kg; a - goe fim cua day xung quanh carabina; f - h^ s l ma sat cua day vfl carabina (bing 2).

Goe a d n thilt d l thj ngua an loan dutc ttnh ttieo cfing ttiiC:

1

« = p- (13)

•^ P

Sivfing d n thilt d l q i ^ day quanh carabina fl'nh theo cfing ttiOC:

„ = JL (14)

2!T Lo^i day sol tdng hop, kha

sol gai, ktid

Hg sS ma sdt f 0,08 0,12 Bing 2 H$ s6ma sitciad^vS caral}ina

Xac suSt t& v(xig CEB ngUa bj ngn P^ khi hft sdn phim c h ^ dOc hgi trong qua trinh tiid xuQhg (tda nhd bj bao phii bd khoi vd sdn phim ch^) d i ^ flnh theo cdng fliUc:

P - ^ <^^^

''' 24Cr

Trong do: H - dO cao tai khu vgc c6 ngut* bj nan, m; V - \ ^ t6c tha ngubi bj ngn (V > 2m/s); 240 - flid gian ngUbi bj nan d trong khu vgc khoi khi xac s i ^ tif vong Id 1.

Xac SLS ti^vong cua ngubi bj ngn khi vdn t6c ttid V>3nfi/s vd bj va d^p vao b^ m^ cOhg cua ban cdng, lan can CLB cifi sd h c ^ khi ti^p d i dutfc fl'nh theo c&ng thOC:

i^j = 57,2.10"*.r' + 0,9.10-*y -448.10"' ,,„

Xdc s i ^ tir vong khi ngudi bj ngn bj tac dOng bdi mOt flxxig hai y & to tmng cdc cQng thit: (15), (16) dupc fl'nh nhusau T ^ p c i l i Phong cliay & ChiJa chay |^33 |

(3)

HSHIEHCflU B TBAOBCII |

•• — "ivl ••• "nl "tt\^tii2 (17)

V$n tdc tiSuu thd ngubi bjn^fl^dO cao H khi rUrotErvong Id tiiip nh^ ducc tinh ttieo cong ttiit:

V, =4,0748+l,7913J/"-^a-c • ) (18) V|n tdc t£S uu theo c5ng ttiflc (18) Id vdn ^ Wii m|t triifc fia nhd bj nhilm khoi ddy d§c. Vdn Kic V, ttxing ttubng hgp n ^ la vgn t ^ gidi hgn tren. I\l& nong d6 khoi C d mdt ttntc cua tda nha khde so vdi gia trj ndng d6 bgn flvng phong bj c h ^ flii vdn ^ tiS uu thd ngubi co ttig dutt fl'nh ttieo c6ng ttiit sau

Trong dd: V^ - v5n flSc t5i Uu tha nguSi bj ngn tiJ do cao H c6 n6ng do khdi C d mat trUdc tda nhd vdl tJ l | so vdi

n6ng dd 5 trong phong iSy bdng 1.

Tren dSy la mOt trong nhiing phUdng phdp tinh toan t6i Uu xdc dinh thdi gian, s5 luqng can bO, chi^n sy va phUdng tifn chuyfin dgng toi thilu cin huy dOng d l td chiic hogt dOng ciiu ngudi bj ngn trong ddm chay h cdc nha cao tSng. PhUdng phap ndy dUdc tdng hop, phdn tich qua kinh nghifm thuc H vd qua cac thi/c nghiem thuc dia da duttc tig'n hdnh. Tiiy theo tinh hinh diln bien cDa ddm chdy vd tinh trgng cDa ngudi bj ngn tgi cac t^ng, ngudi ch? huy chiia chay, CNCH cd the lua chgn cdc phUdng phdp khac nhau.

Vifc tinh toan nay diidc thuc hi@n d giai dogn khdo sat, Ifp phUdng an chi^ chay, CNCH cho nha cao tSng va cd t h i si!r dgng d l Ban tham mLiu tinh todn nhanh lgc ludng, phUdng tifn can thilt de cuiu ngudi nhim giiip chi huy chQa chdy, CNCH thuc hl|n td't nhifm Vu cDa minh trong khi t6 chirc cdng tdc ciiu ngudi bi nan.a

L i B A N G I A O PHl/CfNG TIEN C H C A CHAY, CUIJ NAN, CLfU HO

Ngay 6/3/2015, Cue CShb sat PCCC&CNCH, B|

cang an va Cgc PCCC va qiiin ly tham hoa tinh Gyeonggi, Han Quffe t l chflc L l Ban giao phicng flgn ChDa chay, CNCH tji Tntng Dai hgc PCCC.

Ta dir c l 6ng Ha - in - Ho - B( thu ttiii nhiS Lanh SI quan Han Quoc tai W Nam; dJng chi Thi& tuOig D6 Nggc Cin - Phd Ting cgc tniirg T&ig cue Chinh tri CAND; ding chl Thilu flidng Doan Vi^t Manh - Cgc t n * i g Cue CSnh sat PCCC&CNCH; Dai ta, PGS,TS.

Ngu/8n Manh Ha - Hi?u tnftig Tmbng Bai hgc PCCC va dai di|n lanh dao Vg kinh t l dH ngoai, BO K l hoach va Diu ti^ Cgc Dli ngoai. Cue Tai chinh, Cgc Quin If this bi 1^ thujt va Trang d p , BO C6ng an cing dai dien cSc Phbng, Ban, thujc Cgc CJnh sSt PCCC&CNCH, Tnftig Dai hpe PCCC...

Day la i<lt qi^ cie chuong trinh hqi giuB Cue Canh sat PCCC&CNCH Vilt Nam ra Cue PCCC va quan 1} tham hpa tinh Gyeonggi, Han Quic trong chuyin tham va iim vi|c tai Han Quic nam 2014. Cue PCCC va quan ly ttiam hpa flnh Gyeonggi, Han QuiSc cd d l nghi Bng iuc i m g CJnh sat PCCC&CNCH Vi^t Nam 02 xe c h i i chay V401 xe ciu thuong da qua sir dgng. Sau l<hi nhan du;t sg d8ng y ve chu traong cia ianh dac B(i Cdng an Vi|t Nam, ngay 3/11/2014 phia Han Quifc da van churln cac xe tr^n v l Cang Vl§t1|am gom 02 xe chtfe chay cia hang HUYNDAI; 01 xe cuu thudng thuong hi8u HUyNDAI GRAND STAREX CVX. Sau Idll hoafl*anh thil tgc nhap khSu va bio dUOng phujng tt?n, ngay 6/2/^015, Cgc canh sat PCCC&CNCH bao can va dutt lanh dao B| duyet cip 02 xe chiia chay va 01 xe cOj ttiimg cho Tnitng Oai hgc PCCC va Phtng CJnh sat PCCC&CNCH - CIng an Bnh Thai Nguyen.

Phat bilu tgi buS 18, ding chi ThiSi ttrftig Dd Nggc Cin khing dinh mS quan h? iau dai va Ki dep g i i i hai dS nuft; ViSt Nam v i Han Qu6c. Ding ttiM nhln manh, dS nudc Vi§t Nam dang trong

qua trinh cong nghiep hca, hien dai hoa, ntiu cau dam bao an toanPCCC hien nay dang tr6 ngn rSt cap bach, vi vay can nhilu su hS tro ttf phia dat nuit va nhan dan Han Qt^. Thay mat ianh dao Bo Cc)ng an, dong chf cam on ve su giiip dd nhiet tinh cia dS nutt: Han Qucc, lanh sLi quan Han Qua: tai Viet Nam va cac Cgc lien quan da h6 tro ctiLMng trinh nay

Ciing tai buoi ll, ong Ha - In - Ho. Bf Ihu thir nhat Lanh sir quan Han Qucc tai Viet Nam cung khang dmh tinb hai nghi giiia hai dat nufK Han QuiK va Viet Nam Ong cung mong muon se cd nhilu hon nife cac chicng trinh bd tip, hep tac grlia hai quic gia.

Tgi buS il, ding chf Cgc mdng Cgc canh sat PCCC&CNCH, BO COng an da trao guyS dinh ban giao xe cho Tmtng Bgi hi^

PCCC va Phdng canh sat PCCC&CNCH - COng an flnh Thai NgivOn.

THAI T H g V I ythane 3