NGHIEN cuu-TRAO DOI Ket qua tren hinh 16 the hien dp rung ddng ciia
ddng CO d cac ty le LPG khac nhau. Khi ddng co sir dung luong nhien lieu ludn cho ket qua dp rung ddng cao hon khi su dung don nhien lieu do toe dp tang ap suat Idn va hien tupng kich no. Vdi ty le LPG 10%) cho thay bien dp rung dpng Idn nhat cua ddng co AKAcc cao hon 20,94%>. Khi ty le LPG 30%, gia tri AKAcc da tang len tdi 99,69%) va bit dau xuat hien nhieu dinh cd bien do Idn. Ty le LPG 40% cho ket qua AKAcc cao hon tdi 130%. Trong tmdng hpp nay da hk dau xay ra hien tupng kich no trong ddng co. Khi ty le LPG la 54% thi gia tri AKAcc tang len tdi 300%, nhieu dinh ap suat xuat hien, qua trinh kich no dien ra manh.
5. KET LUAN
He thong dieu khien phun LPG dupe thiet ke cd kha nang dam bao cho ddng co boat dpng dn dinh d tat ca cac che dp lam viec. Vdi ket qua thir nghiem tren dudng dac tinh ngoai cho thay, cd the ling dung LPG tren ddng co diesel vdi ty le 30%, d toe dp thap cd the thay the tdi 40%, tuy nhien, khi ty le LPG cang tang len thi hien tupng kich no cang de xay ra. Vdi ty le thay the LPG len tdi 30% deu cho lupng tieu thu nhien lieu diesel+LPG nhd hon khi su dung don nhien lieu diesel, phat thai CO va dp khdi deu giam, tuy nhien, phat thai NO^ va HC lai tang len do nhiet dp chay cao va hon hpp dong nhat hon. Dong thdi, dp mng dpng cua ddng co cung tang len khi tang ty le LPG do toe dp tang ap suat Idn va hien tupng kich no.»>
Tai lieu tham khao:
[1]. PGS. TS. D6 Van Diing (2002), Trang bi dien & dien tir tren 6 to hien dai, NXB Dai hpc Quoc gia TP.H6 Chi Minh.
[2]. Le Phuang Lan, Hoang Diic Hai (2000), Giao trinh ly thuyit & bdi tap Borland DELPHI, NXB Giao due. Ha Npi.
[3]. Ngo Dien Tap (2003), Ky thuat vi dieu khiin v&i AVR, NXB Khoa hpc va Ky thuat. Ha Npi.
[4]. Pham Minh Tuan (2008), Khi thdi dong ca vd 6 nhiem moi tru&ng,NXB Khoa hpc va Ky thuat. Ha Npi.
[5]. TS. Pham Hlhi Tuyen, PGS.TS Le Anh Tuan, KS.NguyIn The True, KS. Vti Khac Thien (2011), Nghien cuu sir dung lu&ng nhiSn lieu LPG/diesel tren dpng ca diesel. Tap chi Giao thong Van tii so 1+2/2011, ISSN 0866-7012.
[6]. AVL GmbH (2001), Singer cylinder research engine 5402, Austria.
[7]. Blackmer Dover Company (2008), Liquified gas handbook, Bulettin 500-01.
[8]. www.purvingertz.com/userfiles/productsAVorld%20 LPG%20Brochure.pdf
[9]. www.lpgh.com/market.html
^..£
HE THONG MAY PHOY CNC THUC TE - 0 0
(*) TS. NGUYEN NGOC PHirONG Th S VI TRUNG KIEN
KS. NGUYEN VAN SON
T 6 M TAT
Bai bao trinh bay ve xay difng he thong may CNC thiic te ao VRCNC (Virtual Reality-Computer Numericial Controller). VRCNC md phdng qua trinh dieu khien va gia cdng giong het mot may CNC thifc te. Bd dieu khien CNC thi/c te ao nay dupc ufng dung thanh cdng trong viec hpc tap cua sinh vien. Do vay, phien ban VRCNC Lac Hong ra ddi tao dieu kien rat Idn ddi vdi nhQng trUdng dai hpc, cao dang khdng cd kha nang trang bj nhijfng may CNC dat tien cho sinh vien thuc tap, giiip cac cdng ty xi nghiep gieim thieu viec dao tao lai tay nghe cho ngUdi van hanh may, tiet kiem di/pc chi phi va thdi gian rat Idn.
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the construction of the VR- CNC system (Virtual Reality-Computer Numerical Controller). The VR-CNC simulates the control process and process the same as a real CNC machine. This virtual CNC controller has been applied successfully in the teaching of students. The version used by Lac Hong University, version 1.0, was created to facilitate as much for universities, colleges and other educational schools that cannot afford to buy CNC machines. Full CNC machines are too expensive for student to use for practice, so the VR-CNC Lac Hong Version 1.0 is helping companies reduce the cost of re-training for skilled machine operators because up till now graduates only learnt theory but had no opportunity to use the machinery. The program gives them 'real time' skills so they can almost operate the CNC from the first day at work, thus saving money and time.
(*) Khoa Co-Dien, Tniong Dai hoc Lac Hong
TAP CHI Ca KHI VIET NAM V So 7 - Thang 7 nam 2011
NGHIEN cuu-TRAO DOI
1. NOI DUNG
Ngay na\. vdi su phat trien vupt bac ciia cac nganh dien tu, cdng nghe thdng tin, su phat trien manh me ciia cac nganh vat lieu mdi da Idiien cho nganh cdng nghe cao trd thanh mot each mang ky thuat mang tinh thdi dai. Mot trong nhiing linh vuc phat trien manh me do chiing ta can noi tdi linh vuc gia cdng CNC. Tai cac tmdng dai hpc, cao dang cd nhiing phan mem dupc su dung trong qua trinh hpc tap CNC nhu CNC simulator, Master Cam, hay Catia... nhung, cac phan mem nay chi diing lai d miic dp md phdng qua trinh gia cdng chi tiet, cdn md phdng qua trinh thao tac van hanh giong het nhu may CNC thuc te thi chua lam dupc. Vay, cau hdi dat ra, giai phap nao giiip ngudi hpc cd the tiep can vdi cdng nghe hien dai nay, trong khi miic dau tu cho mot may CNC thuc te la rat cao.
Do vay, phan mem VR-CNC ra ddi md phdng qua trinh gia cdng gidng vdi qua trinh gia cdng cua may CNC thuc te, nd dupc cai dat tren nhiing may vi tinh.
Dieu nay giiip cho mdi sinh vien cd the thuc hanh tren mot may CNC ma nhiing thao tac van hanh tuong tu nhu nhiing may gia cdng thuc.
He thong VCNC (Virtual Computer Numerial Controller) cdn cho phep gia cdng mau dau tien, tu do, phan tich cau tnic cau lenh ve mat ngii phap, du bao loi gia cdng ve dudng net, Idi chuyen ddng hpc cua he thong.
Viec thuc thi toan bp he thong giiia man hinh giao dien va bd dieu khien trong viec nghien ciiu dupc thdng qua thu vien EONX 3.0 Type. Thu vien nay cho phep gan vao trong cua so md phdng cua giao dien ao trong chuong trinh Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0. Giao tiep giiia bp dieu khien va giao dien ao dupc dua vao bien dich Idp cau tnic du lieu. Du lieu da phan tich dupc chuyen tu bd dieu khien ao vao giao dien ao cho may VRCNC thdng qua thu vien EONX Type, cac qua trinh chuyen dpng va di chuyen cua he thdng dupc md phdng bang giao dien lam viec EON Studio [1].
Xay dung CAD
Nhirng hinh anh dd hoa trong may dupc xay dung bang phan mem Solidworks. Hinhl dien ta qua trinh phac hpa cac chi tiet cho ma> VCNC [2]. Tung chi tiet dupc thiet ke va do dac ky ludng tmdc khi he thong dupc lap rap hoan chinh [3].
Hinh 1: Xay dung CAD trong phan mem Solidwork
Tiep theo, md hinh dupc dua vao xu ly ve anh sang va tung Idp cau tnic thiet lap trong mdi tmdng EON [4]. Hinh 2 va hinh 3 hien thi md hinh CAD tmdc va sau Idii dupc xu ly.
Hinh 2: Truoc khi xu ly
Hinh 3: Sau khi da xu ly
2. TO HOP HE THONG VRCNC
Viec thuc thi toan bp he thong giua man hinh giao dien va bd dieu khien dupc thdng qua thu vien EONX 3.0 Type. Thu vien Type dupc gan vao trong cua so md phdng giao dien ao bang chuong trinh Visual Basic.
Giao tiep giiia bd dieu khien va giao dien man hinh EON dupc dua vao bien dich lop cau tnic du lieu. Dii lieu da phan tich dupc chuyen tir bd dieu khien ao vao giao dien ao cho may phay thdng qua thu vien EONX
Type[5]. '^
TAP CHI c a KHI VIET NAM V So 7-Thang 7 nam2011
NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI
Hinh 4: Man hinh mo phong VR-CNC sau khi to hop hoan tit
3. CAU TRUC HE THONG VR-CNC
VRCNCMILL3
Phoi gia cong Hien thi lygon ngu Gioi thieu Thoat Tieng Viet
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ P l Tieng Anh
i , LJ V^j Tep NC Cau hinh Chuc nang Duong chay dao
^ ^ K ^ j y ^ ^ ^ ^ . . ^ M H B S H DungNC B
Hinh 6: Giao dien VRCNC - Phien ban Lac Hong Tu phan men thiet ke CAD, khoi hinh hpc dupc
chuyen tdi he thong CAD/CAM, qua qua trinh xu ly va md phdng xuat ra cau lenh NC. Cuter Location (CL) file la mot kieu dupc dinh dang theo mau chuan cdng nghiep, chuong trinh gia cdng dupc dua vao CL file de so sanh va kiem tra. Tai vung "kieu chay dao" chiic nang npi suy theo quy dao dudng thang hay cung trdn. Tu dd, he thong dua ra cac dang dudng tuong ling trong vung "djnh hmh gia cdng" dung cac thuat toan de dieu khien cac true tpa dp. He tmyen ddng gia cdng cd su so sanh va phan hoi, sau dd he thong dua ra ket qua loi du bao. Va cuoi cung hien thi loi nay tren bien dang hinh hpc (Hinh 5).
LOftDTL/2 F F DRAT/ 10000.00. MMPM RAPID
COTO / 0.000. 0 000, S0.000
Kiiu cligy dao
E>\iiL liiuii gin coiig
Dv bAo lot bieu doug
Hinh 5: Cau tnic he thong VR-CNC[6]
4. PHIEN BAN VR-CNC LAC HONG Version 1.0
Viec dau tu may CNC phuc vu trong giang day va thuc hanh doi vdi cac tmdng dai hpc, cao ding, hpc vien... la rat ton kem. De hudng tdi muc dich giiip sinh vien lam quen va thuc hanh may CNC tot hon, nhdm nghien ciiu da xay dung chuong trinh VRCNC vdi phien ban Lac Hong Version 1.0. Vdi giao dien tieng Vi?t, sinh vien se de dang tiep xiic va sir dung thuan tien hon nhieu so vdi tieng Anh.
Phan mem tich hpp sin hai ngdn ngii chinh la
"English" va "Vietnamese" ngudi dung chi can click chpn ngdn ngii phii hpp de tien cho viec giang day va thuc hanh.
De hien thi dupc Phien ban Lac Hong trong giao dien ngudi dung, trong phan mem VCNCM1LL3, ta xay dung co sd dii lieu de luu trii nhieu dac tinh trong mot thu muc cd ten " L a n g v n _eng"[7] de ngudi su dung cd the thuan tien su dung. Luu do giai thuat tdm tat dupc hien thi trong nhung dac tinh ngdn ngir khac nhau dupe the hien trong hinh 8.
ID
"100100"
"100100"
"100101"
Vietaamese
"Bang dieu khien LHU version 1.0"
"Phoi gia cong"
"exl Phay bien dang 1"
English
"Controller pane"
"Workpiece"
"exl Profiler'
Bat dau
i
Doc ma code trong file
^'
Ngon ngu' hien thj
i
K^t thijc
Hinh 7: Luu do giai thuat hien thj ngon nglt giao tiep
TAP C H i c a K H l VIET NAM V So 7 - Thang 7 nam 2011
NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI
l^lhNC
Hinh 8: Giao dien ho dieu khien phien ban Lac Hong
Luu do giai thuat trong hinh 9 khac hpa chuong trinh thuc thi tu ddng cau lenh trong chuong trinh. He thong tpa dp cua may can phai hpp nhat vdi he tpa dp cua phdi [8].
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Hinh 9: Luu do the hien cac buac thuc thi chuong trinh tu dong
Cuoi cung, chiing ta kiem tra san pham da gia cdng ve kich thudc, dudng net dp bdng...hien thi trong hinh 10.Tat nhien, dieu nay la khdng can thiet vi trong phan men cd tich hpp san chiic nang "NC code parser"[9]
kiem tra chuong trinh NC tai chu ky ban dau cua may.
H ^ /
1?
ID
V
<?^^-~^\ / /
33 B , 7 ee
100
T:
F=
„
2
§
Hinh 10: Hoan tat qua trinh gia cong
5. KET LUAN
Phan mem VR-CNC phien ban tieng Viet da duoc kiem tra va sii dung thanh cdng tai Tmdng Dai hpc Lac Hong. Phan mem vdi kha nang md phdng may CNC ao tren may tinh da giiip nhieu sinh vien nang cao ki nang su dimg may CNC d ngoai thuc te. Vdi nhiing ket qua ban dau rat dang ghi nhan, phan mem se cdn dupc phat trien mot each hoan thien hon niia de cd the chuyen giao cdng nghe den cac tmdng dai hpc, cao dSng, hoc vien va cac khu cdng nghiep trong va ngoai nudc.»>
Tai lieu tham khao:
[1] Yung-Chou Kao, Cheng-An Fang, Chang-Yean Wu, Development on Virtual 5- Axis MiUing Machine Tool" Journal of the Chinese Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol.27, No,6, pp.809~815 (2006).
[2] Hong Ming Su, "Study on the IVfachining Turbine Blade Surface Using Five-Axis Numerical Control Machine Tool", Master's thesis. Department of Mechanical Engineering Da Yeh University, Changhua, 2004.
[3] Li Zhang Zhuang, "The Integrated Machining Approach for Centrifiigal hnpeUer", doctoral's thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University,Taipei, 2003.
[4] Zhigeng Pana, Adrian David Cheokb, Hongwei Yanga, Jiejie Zhua and Jiaoying Shia, "Virtual reahty and mixed reality for virtual learning environments," Robotics and Computer-Xntegrated Manufachmng, vol.30, pp20-28,2006.
[5] Y. C. Kao, H. Y. Cheng, Y C. Chen, 'T)evelopmentof a Virtual Controller Integrating Virtual and Physical CNC," 2005 hitemational Conference on AdvancedManufacture, Taipei, Taiwan, 2005.
[6] Yung-Chou Kao and Mau-Sheng Chen, "Virtual Reality Practical Handbook," GAU LIH BOOK CO, 2006.
[7] Wei. Chiao. Chen, "The Research Of The Virtual CPR Learning System," Master's thesis. Department of Mechanical Engineering National Central University, 2004.
[8] K. Erkorkmaz, Y Altintas, C.-H. Yeung, "Virtual Compulei Numerical Control System" Precision Controls Laboratory, Departmfflt of Mechanical Engineering University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada Manufacturing Automation Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
[9] Altintas, Y, Brecher, C , Week, M , Witt, S., 2005, Virtual Machine Tool, Annals of CIRP, 54/2:651-673.
TAP CHi c a KHi VIET NAM V So 7 - T h a n g 7 nam 2011
