NGHIEN Cufu & TRAO D O I
1»90|PGS.TS. VO PHUdC TAN & ThS. PHAM XUAN THU
1. Dat van de
The manh va Ipi ich Idn nha't cua VN sau hai nam gia nhap WTO cbinh la moi trUdng kinh doanh dupc cai thien theo budng cdi each ddi mdi de phat trien va huy dpng cd bieu qua cac ngudn lyc trong va ngoai nUdc. Gia nhap WTO, VN co thi trudng xuat khau rpng Idn vdi ban 150 t h a n h vien, thud nhap khdu cac nganh bang se dupc cdt giam dan theo Ip trinh, cac bieu phap phi thue quan cung dupe Icai bd thee nghi diuh thu gia nhap ciia cac thanh vien ma khcng bi phan biet doi xd. Dd dau tu va xuat khau tang nen tbi trudng npi dia cung dupc md rpng, taa t i l n d l cho cdc doanh nghiep cong nghiep - thuang mai va dich vu phat trien, trong dd cd cac doanh nghiep det may VN.
Nganh det may VN vdi t r e n 2.000 doanh nghiep dang sd dung ban 2 trieu Iao dpng sdn xuat mdi nam han 10.000 t a n bong xa, 50.000 tan xa tdng hap, 260.000 tdn xa sdi ngdn, 150.000 tan vai det kim, 680 trieu tan vai det thoi, tren 1,8 ti san pham det may, trong dd xuat khdu chiem den 70%. Nam 2007, kim ngach xuat khdu cua nganh det may dat 7,85 ti USD, tang 31% so vdi nam 2006, den nam 2008 kim ngach xuat khau det may tiep tuc dat d mdc cac vdi 9,12 ti USD, tang 54%
so vdi nam 2006, dua VN tif vi tri thd 16 cua the gidi len 10 nude bang ddu va viing lanh thd xuat khau d^t may Idn nbdt the gidi. Nhung ndi Ie cua
nhieu deanh nghiep det may la viec thieu byt ngudn Iao dpng cd tay nghi, ti Ie bien dpng lao dpng d cac doanh nghiep Idn td 15 den 20%, con d cac doanh nghiep nhd va vda tbi ti Ie nay la 20 deu 30%, cac doanh nghiep cd von dau tu nudc ngoai ti Ie nay len deu 40%-.
Trong bdi canh dd, van d l nghien cdu "Phat t r i l n ngudn nhan lyc chat lupug cao cho nganh det may VN" la bet sdc cap thiet de nganh det may tie'p tuc pbat trien b i n vung, tao ra nbilu gia tri kinh td, gia tang sy canh tranh bdng nang suat va chat lupiig sdn phdm tren thi trUdng qudc te va quoc npi.
Bai viet su dung phuong phap phan tich, nhan dinh, ddi chieu, tho'ng ke va phuang phap tdng hpp so sanh; cd nghien cdu ket qua cua cac tai lieu thd cap, cac ngudn thdng tin dd lieu cua nganh det may VN.
2. Xua't khau va thj phan cua nganh det may VN Det may la mpt trong nbdng nganh cong nghiep chu lyc cua VN trang nbdng nam qua vdi mdc tang trudng xua't khau binh quau qua cac nam trong giai doan 2003 - 2008 la 22,4';, tdc dp tang trUdug trung binh bang nam cua gia tri gia tang ma nganh det may mang Iai dat 11,9'-;, vUpt tdc dp tang trudug GDP tdi 7,8%. VN la nUdc xudt khau hang may mac vao My Idn thd hai the gidi chi sau Trung Qudc, vUpt qua cd Mexico va An Dp.
Nam 2008, trong kbi hdu het cac nganh cong
Phat trien kinh te - Thang Mudi Hai nam 2009
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NGHIEN Ctfu & TRAO D O I
nghiep VN deu chiu dnh budng thi nganh det may lai cd cuoc bdc pha ngoan muc dat 9,120 ty USD gia tri kim ngach xudt klidu. Trong thi trUdng xua't khau. My van la nUdc nhap khau h a n g ddu cac sdu phdm det may cua VN, chie'm 58,1% th phdii xua't khdu tUdng dug vdi gia tri 5,3 ty USD cdc nudc chau Au (EU) ddug thd hai vdi 18,1% tbi phan tuang dug 1,65 ty USD; thi trUdng N h a t chiem 9,3% vdi 844 trieu USD.
3. Ihiic trang cua nguon nhan li/c nganh det mayVN
N g a u b det may cd khoang 2.000 ddanh nghiep daug boat dpng, thu dung khodng 2 trieu Iao dpng (tuy iihien so' lao dpng thyc te ed the cao ban rat n b i l u vi cd chUa ke vd sd ca sd "ve tinh" lam gia cdng Iai cho cac doanh n g h i e p may mac). Lyc lupng Iao dpng troiig n g a n h det may hieu chiem t r e n 6% tdng sd lyc lUpug lad ddng ca nUdc va
Hinh 1: Kim ngach xua't khau hang d^t may VN giai doan 2000-2008
Kim ngach xuat khau hang det may Viet Nam giai doan 2000 - 2008
3
- Tong gia trj XK
• M y Nhat EU
• Thj tripd>ng khdc
Nam 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Ngu6n:T6ng hdp td Tap doan Det May Viet Nam (VINATEX) va Tong cue Thdng ke
Nganh det may hieu nay dang cung cap den 85% san phdm cho sau xua't va xua't khau vdi thi phdn chie'm 2,67% cua the gidi, thi phan cJa tbi trudng My 5,4'/f, Canada kbddng 3% va EU kliddug 1%. Thi trUdng rpng Idn trdiig iiUdc vdi khdang 86 trieu dau nbifng iiganb d§t may chi cung cap khodng 15% sdn pham, phdn Idn tbi phan tai VN la cac sdn phain td Truiig Qudc vdi kbddng 70% lUdiig sau phdm tai cdc cua bang t i i u thudng, phdn ecu Iai la sdu phdm td Thai Lau, Campuchia, v.v..
Vdi diiih hudng phat trien tbi trudug the gidi va cung cap cho thi trudug npi dia vdi ban 80 trieu dan cho nlidiig nam tdi, nganh det may can phdi cd nhieu ud lyc vdi quyet tam cao.
chiem ban 20% lyc lupng Iao ddng toan nganh cong nghiep. Nbdng dac thu cua nganh det may VN hien nay la:
- Tuy la nganh t h a m dung Iao dpng nbifug lyc lupng lad dpng trdug n g a n h rat p h a n t a u vdi bdn 70% cac ddanh nghiep det may vda va nhd cd sd lao dpng dudi 300 ngudi, khodng 20% doanh nghiep cd sd lac dpng td 300 deu 1.000 ngudi va chi kbddng dudi 10% ddanh nghiep cd tren 1.000 lae dpng. Tinh t r a n g p h a n t a n trdug luc lupng lac dpng se la trd ngai cho viec pbat trien ciia nganh.
- Vdi toe dp p h a t t r i l n cac cua nganh treng cac nam qua ddu den cau lae dpng trong n g a n h hien dang t a n g iihaiih. Ne'u iihu trong n a m 2004 tdng sd lao dpng trdug nganh kbddng 1 trieu ngudi tbi vae nam 2008 da thu hut kbddng 2 trieu ngudi; sd lae dpiig t a u g n h a n h chu yeu t a p trung vao cdc
Phat trien kinh te - Thang MUdi Hai nam 2009
N G H I E N CTfu & TRAO D O I
KOOgCBKyig*det may cd nbyng dac dilm sau:
- Ngudn nhan lUc cbdt lUpug cao cua iigaiib det may hien vdu con r a t yeu va thie'u. Can cd vao uhu cau thyc te can nang cao kien thdc de dap dng uhu cdu treng nganh det may la klioang 2.000 quan Iy cao cdp, 3.750 can bp marketing va t a i chinh, 5.000 chuyen vien cdng nghe va thiet ke sdu pham va klioang tren 32.500 cdng nhan ky thuat.
Hinh 2: Nhu cau nang cao kien thifc cho dpi ngu hlf n tai cua nganh d^t may (nam 2008)
40000
^ 30000-
I 20000-
M 10000-
doanh nghiep ngoai qudc doanh va cac doanh nghiep cd vdn dau tu iiudc ngoai. Hai loai binh doanh nghiep nay daug thu hut 2/3 sd Iao dpng trong toan nganh, nhung chu yeu qua hinb thdc tuyIn dung chd khong qua binh thdc dao tao.
- Nganh det may cung la nganh r a t dac thu vdi khoang 75% Iao dpng la nd, phdn Idn Iao dpng d do tudi tif 20 - 34 (chiem 85% tdng so' Iao dpng).
Theo sd lieu tdng hpp va thd'ng ke td Tap doan Det May, Hiep hpi Det May VN
va Tdng cue Thdng k e , n a m 2006, toan nganh hien cd treu 2 trieu Iao dpng vdi chat lupng ngudn nhan lyc dUpc phan bd la khoang 37c cd trinh dp dai hpc va tren dai hpc (neu ke ludn trinh dp cao ddug thi vao khoang xap xi 47t); khoang 15%
Iao dpng thong qua dao tao n g h i (trung cap va cdng n h a n ky thuat), 52% la Iao dpng cd tay nghe bac 4 trd xudng va khodng 29'/r la lao dpng phd thdng. Ty le lao dpng gian tiep treu tdng so lao dpng yeu cau la vao khoang 10'/^.
- Nganh det may la nganh co
sU bien dong vl lao dpng cao, ubUng mdc dp bien dpng phu thuoc vao quy md va mdc dp dn dinh trong boat dpng cua doanh nghiep. Thdng ke cho tha'y, nbdng doanh nghiep Idn vdi dan hang du dinh thi ty Ie bien dpng lae dpiig la khodng 15- 20'>;, con nbdng doanh nghiep nhd ban thi ty Ie nay la 20-30';. Rieng trong cac
doanh nghiep cd vdu ddu tU nUdc ngoai (FDI) thi con sd nay leu den 40'/!. Do tdc dp phat t r i l n nhaiih ciia nganh det may, cung vdi chinh sach canh tranh khong lanh manh trong thu hut Iao dpng va tam ly ngai dao tao do sp lao dpng bd qua eac doanh nghiep kliac khien cho mdc dp bien dpng ngay cang ldn. Ngoai ra, do la nganh Iao dpng thee miia nen cung a n h budng den viec bien dpng lad dpng trdiig nganh.
Ddi vdi chat lupng ngudn
nluin lyc chat lUpng cao, nganh Ngudn: Tap doan Det May Viet Nam (VINATEX)
Quan ly cao cap Chuyen vidn msiVeting Chuyen vien cong v^ tai chinh ngh$ vd thiei ke
Nguon: Tap doan Det May Viet Nam (VINATEX)
Cdng n U n ky ttiu^t
- Nhu Ciiu bd sung cho ngudn nhan lyc chat lupng cao la 750 qudn Iy cao cap, 2.000 can bp marketing va tai cbinh, 2.000 chuyen vien cong nghe va thiet ke san phdm va khoang treu 67.500 cong nhan ky thuat.
Hinh 3: Nhu cau dao tao cho dpi ngu hi#n tai cua nganh det may (nam 2008)
67500
Quan ly cao cap Chuyen vien Chuyen vien cong Cong nhan Ity thuat marketing va tai chinh nghe va thiet lie
Phat trien kinh te - Thang Mi/6i Hai nam 2009
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NGHIEN CLTU & TRAO D O I
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- Do nguon n h a n lyc cd ky uang con r a t thieu trdug tat cd cac khau va hien chUa dap dug dUpc cac yeu cau cho sdu xuat va trang diiu b a n h quan ly nen ndng suat Iao dpng hieu tai cua VN cdn rat tha'p. N a u g sua't Iao dpng binh quan cua ugUdi Nhat caa gap 135 Idu ugUdi Viet, cdu cua ngudi Thai cac gap 30 Ian, ngudi Malaysia la 20 lau. Gia nhan ccng lad dpng tai VN trdiig linh vye det may dypc xem la canh t r a n h nha't the gidi vdi mdc binh quan kheang 75USD/ thang, chi phi Iao dpng cho 1 san pham la 25 Cent, trong khi dd, tai Thdm Quyen, mdc luang la 150 USD/thang, ubuiig cbi phi Iao dpng chi cd 15 Cent. Hau bet cae doanh nghiep dUpc khao sat diu lang phi trdiig viee sd dung ngudn lyc vdi miic t r e n 20%, treng dd dan ddu la cac deanh nghiep det may.
- Trong chudi cung dug hang boa cua nganh det may vao thi trUdng the gidi, ty Ie cua ngudn Iao dpng chat lupng cao vao sdn pham cdn thap. Chi kbddng 30% gia tri xua't khau cua n g a n h la cd tham gia td khau ddu la thiet ke y tudng s a n pham, ecu Iai xua't khdu dudi binh thdc san xuat, gia cdng.
4. Danh gia ngudn nhan life nganh det may VN
• Lfu diem vd the mgnh cua ngdnh det may VN
- Det may la met nganh kinh te Idu cua VN vdi treu 2.000 deanh nghiep, sU dung bdn 2,5 trieu lad dpng, kim ngach xua't klidu xep bang 2 sau ddu khi, chiem 15'/^ kim ngach xuat khau
- VN gia nhap WTO da md ra ca hpi rat ldn d l nganh det may pbat t r i l n kim ngach xudt khdu (td 5,927 ty USD nam 2006 da taug leu 9,130 ty USD vao nam 2008)
- Viec hudug deu thi trudug npi dia la mpt treng nbdng chieu lupc phat t r i l n va md rpng thi trudng cua nganh det may VN. Cac deaub nghiep Idu da cd y thufc va t a p trung naug cac chat lUdng sdn pham, cdi tieu mdu ma phu hpp vdi thi hie'u tieu dung, ap dyng ccng nghe hieu dai d l t a u g u a n g sua't du sdc canh t r a u b vdi san pham cua Trung Qudc cung Icai va dupc hudng Ipi the t r e n sau nha vdi chu truang "Ngudi Viet Uu tieu dung hang Viet"
• Nhifcfc diem vd hgn che cua ngdnh det may VN
- Nganh det may VN khong the tie'p tyc phat trien theo each bien nay la dya vao sy tham dung lad dpng, gia n h a n cdng re, tay n g h i khea leo, ma
phdi t i n b tdi viec chuyen hUdng sdu xuat kinh doanh sang mpt giai doan mdi dd la khai thac cd bieu qud p h a n gia tri gia t a n g trong sdu phdm
- De khai thac tdt n h a t phdn gia tri t a u g them trong sail p h d m thi dieu tieu quye't Id phdi ty thiet ke mau ma, xay dUug thuong bieu va td chdc tot k i u b doanh h a n g t h a i trang. NbUng thyc te hieu nay dpi iigu thiet ke thai t r a u g cdn mdng, sdn pham thiet ke cdn n a n g ve trinh dien, thieu tu duy dng dung va tinh thue t i l n chua cao
- Ngudn nguyen lieu phuc vu cho u g a n h det may chu yeu van la h a n g iibap khdu, ti trpng chiem t r e u 90% lam cho gia ddu vao cao, bieu qua sdn xuat tha'p. Vi vay viec tinh toan ba gia thanh sau pham de canh t r a n h vdi sdn pham nUdc ngoai la van d l nan giai ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep det may VN
• Nguyen nhdn cua cdc mat ton tgi - Gia n h a p WTO, N h a nude k h d n g cdn can thiep vao boat dpng cua doanh nghiep det may va sU bd trp ve tin dung Uu dai theo nghia trp cap cho ddu tu p b a t t r i e u se khdng cdn nda. Cac doanh nghiep phdi ty t h a n van dpiig de vuan len
- Sdn xua't gia cong la chinb, n a u g sua't lae dpiig ecu tha'p, thu n h a p k h d n g cac la nguyen n h a n co ban lam khan hie'm lae dpng nganh may va Itbd thu hut can bp quau Iy gidi tang cUdug cho nganh de dap liiig muc tieu p b a t trieu
- Ngudn n h a n luc cho n g a n h dupc dao tao tif cac trudng dai hpc, cao dang eon thien vl sd lUpug, uang ve kieu thdc, b a n che v l ky uang, thieu tU duy dot pha nen chat lupng n h a n lyc chua cao.
- Dan b a n g va Iao dpng la bai m a t khd nhat cua nganh det may td trUdc tdi nay, kbi khong cd dan bang doanh nghiep phdi thu hep sdn xua't, cdt giam Iao dpng, nhung khi cd dan bang tbi gap khd k h a u trong t u y l u dung Iao dpng.
- Myc tieu chien lupc p b a t trien ngudn nhan lyc cho nganh det may chua dupc cy the che tifng giai ddan nen tinb t r a u g thieu but dpi ngu can bp qudn Iy tre cd tai ndng d l quau Iy deaub nghiep daug dieu ra d cac deanh nghiep Idn treng nganh.
Viec dad tad dpi ngu can bp ke can k h e n g theo kip vdi to'c dp p b a t trien.
5. Cac giai phap phat trien nguon nhan i^c chat lUigrng cao trong nganh det may VN
De dam bdo mdc dp tang trudng 14 - 15',^/nam, dap dng nhu cau cho tbi trUdng npi dia va quoc te, nganh det may can phdi co nbdng giai phap mang
Phat trien kinh te - Thang Mifdi Hai nam 2009
NGHIEN Cifu & TRAO D O I
tinh chien lupc, tinb dot pha va ddng bd, phu hpp vdi sy phat trien treng nbifug nam tdi cua nganh, trong dd gidi phap cho ngudii nhan lyc chat lupng cao can dupc Uu tien bang ddu trong viec dau tU.
• Gidi phdp thd nhdt: Cdn daub gia Iai chudi cung dng cho nganh det may d l td dd xac diuh gia tri tifng cdng doan va myc dp tham gia cua cac doanh nghiep VN. Cd sy ddu tu va chudn bi dung nhan lUc trong tifng cong doan.
Chudi gia tri det may dupc chia lam 4 giai doan, cu the:
- Sang tao y tudug thiet ke va thiet ke y tudug:
La khau cd ty sua't Ipi nhuan cao trong chudi gia tri thi Iai la khau ye'u nha't cua uganh may mac VN.
- Phat t r i l n cac uganh cong nghiep phu trp:
Kiid nang cung cap nguyen phu lieu, ubuug day cung la khau cdu rat yeu cua uganh det may VN, den nay ban 70';^ nguyen vat lieu dau vae phai nhap khau.
- San xua't (gia cong): Khau san xudt cd ti sudt ldi nhuan tha'p nhat chi chiem 5-10'/^. Nganh det may hien nay Iai chi daug tap trung khai thac vao cong doan nay.
- Phan phdi sau pham: Kha uang thuang mai hoa d cac thi trudng, dac biet la kha uang xac dinh thi trudng, dinb vi san phdm, marketing, PR cung nhy viec xay dyng thuang bieu cho sdn pham. Day chinb la mpt trong cdc khau lam gia tang gia tri cho sdn phdm cung uhU tim thi trUdng tieu thu. Chiem den 30'/r gia tri, khau nay cua nganh det may ecu rdt yeu ke ca trong iiUdc va xua't khau.
Trong 4 giai dean cua chudi cung dng sdu phdm det may deu rat can ngudn nhau lyc cd ky udng va tay nghi, dac biet la d iilidug chudi mang lai gia tri cao cho sdu pham.
• Gidi phdp thdr hai: Day manh viec pbat trieii ngudn nhan lyc chat lUpng cao cho ngaub det may.
Cu the nbu sau:
- Trien khai cac chiub sach khuyen khich cac thanh phdn kinh te trong iiudc va uUdc ngoai dau tu vao viec phat trien ngudn ulian lyc cho uganh dc't may thdng qua viec gidm thue cho dao tao, iiiieii thue ddi vdi dao tao ngudn n h a n lyc chat lupng cao, hd trp vl cho vay, thue dat d l pbat trien cac trung tam dao tao iigbl, dao tao ky nang chuyen mon cho nganh.
- Nha iiudc cdu lam ddu mdi va tao dieu kien cho cdc chuang triuh dao tao ngudn nhan lyc chat lupng cao cho nganh det may thdng qua cac chuang hpp tdc, lien ket vdi eac cbinh phu Nhat, Singapore, My...
- Lien kdt cac nha sau xua't trong cliUaug trinh dao tao ngudn n h a n lyc chat lupng cao cho uganh det may. Nha iiUdc, cac trudng dao tao va cac deanh nghiep trong ngaub det may cdu td chdc cac mo binh lieu ket mpt each chat che: troiig dd Nha iiUdc ho trp ve cbinh sach, mat bdng va traug thiet bi, cac doanh nghiep bd trp vl ky thuat, tai chinh (hpc bdng) va cam ket sU dung Iao doug, cdn cac trudug dae tao phai cam ket thyc bien va dao tao dung chat lupng theo yeu cau sd dung.
• Gidi phdp thdr ba: Can tien banh ngay viec khdo sat va dy bao ngudii nhan lUc cua cac doanh nghiep trong nganh det may, nhdm xac dinh r5 nang lyc san xua't, t i i m iiang phat trieu cung nbu cd nhUng daub gia chinh xac vl chat lUpug nhan lyc, ty dd hoach dinh chieu lUpc dao tao vd phat t r i l u ngudn nhan lyc trong cac doanh nghiep cung nhu chien lupc pbat trien tdng the ngudn uhau lyc cua toan nganh.
Cac tieu cbi khdo sat ueu tap trung vao:
- Tam nhin va khd nang lanh dao ciia ngudi ddng ddu doanh nghiep;
- Tdng the vl lyc lupng Iao dpng tai cdng ty;
- Chat lupng ngudn nhau lyc thdng qua: ky nang, kien thdc, trinh do, thai dp ngudi Iao dpng;
- Daub gia mdc dp hai long cua nhan vien va cac cam ket cua hp ddi vdi doanh nghiep;
- Cdc quy trinh, quy chudn bien dang ap dung tai cong ty uhu: SA 8000, ISO 14000...;
- Daub gia cac chUdiig trinh phat trieu ngudn nhan lyc bien cd tai deanh nghiep;
- Danh gia cac cbinh sach vl tuylu dung, dai ngp, thang tien ddi vdi nhan lyc, dac biet ngudii nhan lyc chat lupug cao thdng qua: tham nien, ket qua cdng viec, gia tri cdng viec.
Qua viec khdo sat se giup cho cac doanh nghiep cung nbu uganh det may danh gia Iai ngudn vdn con ngudi va cd nbyng chien lupc, chinb sach thich hpp ddi vdi ngudn nhan lyc.
• Gidi phdp thd tif: Cdu dau tU manh me cho cac vien, trudng dao tao vl ngudn nhan lyc cho ngaub det may.
. Phuaug thdc thyc hieu la:
Phat trien kinh te - T h a n g Mi/di Hai nam 2009
E C C T O C C B B J I B t i
NGHIEN CiJu & TRAO D O I
I
- Xac diuh sd lupug trudug, vieu va cac trang thiet bi, cdng ughe trong gidng day cdu dau tU;
dac biet vl ca sd ha tang cho cac cbuyeii vieu thiet ke, ky su cdng ughe;
- Dau tu vao chat lUpug cua gidng vieu: thong qua tdm nhin chieii lupc va nhu cdu dao tae can gdi gidng vien di dao tac nudc ngdai tai cac hpc vien thdi trang qudc te tai My, Siiigapere, Phap...
- Xay dyng cac chudug triiib hpp tac lieu ket gida cac trUdng, vien vdi cac ddi tac iidi tie'ng va cd kinh nghiem trong va ngdai nudc treng viec dao tao uhau lyc chat lupng cao cho cac doanh nghiep;
- Ky ke't va cam ket ve viec cung cap so' lupng va chat lupug dung theo yeu cdu cua doanh nghiep. Xay dyng eac chuang triuh lien ket dao tao giiJfa trudng, vieu vdi cac doanh nghiep. Cac doanh nghiep can dua ra yeu cdu vl chat lupng, sd lupug theo nhu cdu va ket hpp cung vdi cac trudng trong viec dao tao. Cac trudng, vien can tham gia vdo thyc te sdn xuat bang each gui gidng vieu xud'ng cac doanh nghiep tham gia, khde sat, daub gia trong viec xay dyng chuang trinh ddo tao cho phu hpp thyc te. Doanh nghiep ddu tu vao qua triuh dao tao ngay td trong nha trudng vl tien, trang thiet bi, cdng ughe, phdi hpp thyc t a p san xua't.
• Gidi phdp thd ndm: Cac doanh nghiep can xac diuh ro ddu tu vao ngudn nhau lyc la yeu td song cdu cho viec tdu tai va p h a t trieu doanh nghiep.
Cuoc khung hcang kinh te the gidi bien nay chd thay chi cd cac dcaiib nghiep ddu tu tdt vae nhan lyc mdi cd the ten tai va nhanh chdng budc ra khung hddng. Cac ddanh nghiep cdn thyc hien:
- Xac diuh va dy bae uhu cdu ngudn nhau lyc chd tdng cdng doan sdu xuat, Uu tien dae taa can bp quau Iy, chuyin trudng, qudn ddc phan xudng, naug cap bac tay n g h i cho uhau vieu;
- Xay dyng chuang trinh va ke beach dao tao cu the chd t b l che tdng khau: dad tad ben ngeai, lieu ket, dae tad tai ndi lam viec. Xay dung chudug trinh lien ket t h e n g qua binh thdc ky ket vdi cac vien, trUdug vl dao tae can bp qudn Iy, ky su ccng nghe, chuyen vien thiet ke va marketing, dad tad n g h i bac cac qua cac cam ke't ve cung cap sd lupng, chat lupng cua n h a n lyc dap dug dung yeu cau ddi vdi cdng viec.
- Tao dieu kien thuan lpi cho n h a n vien tham gia cac khda dao tao mpt each hoan chinh, dung
Phat trien kinh te - Thang Mi/6i Hai nam 2009
sd trudng, ky naug, khuye'n khich ngudi Iao ddng ty dao tao thdng qua hiiib thdc bd trp ve thdi gian, tien bac; thudug cho n h a u vieu ty bpc n a u g cao bac tay nghe, n a n g cao ky n a u g chuyen mdn, kha u a n g qudn Iy.
- Xay dung uguoii vdn cho quy dao tao mot each thich dang, phu hpp vdi uhu cau cua doanh nghiep. Xem ddu tu cho con ngudi la ludn cd lai.
Quy ddu tu cd the dupe xem nhU cbi phi san xua't, cd the tricii td Ipi nhuan cda doanh nghiep.
- Cd cac chiub sach gid chan iigUdi tai, nhan lyc chat lupng cao hop Iy. Cham Io va cdi thien ddi sdng cho iigudi Iao doug, cd ehinh sach thea daug d l bdi dudng va thu but n h a n tai lam viec cbc cbc deaub nghiep.
• Gidi phdp thd sdu: N h a nudc. Be, uganh can tao mot lieu ket chat che t r e n g viec dae tao va su dung n h a n luc cua cac deanh nghiep treng nganh.
6. Ke't luan
Kliuug hdaiig tai chiiib d My va suy thdai kinh te toan cau da khieu b a n g det may cua cae iiudc xua't kliau treng dd cd VN vac tbi trudng My va EU gidm manh. Tuy nhien, neu cac doanh nghiep det may kheo xoay sd, biet t a n dung thdi co vang d l ca'u true Iai doanh nghiep, td chdc dao tao va dao tao Iai ngudn u h a u lyc cd tay n g b l , khai thac tdt tbi trudng npi dia va md rpng tbi trUdug xuat klidu, chdc chdu klii u l n kinh te the gidi hdi phuc, nganh det may VN se cang klidug diuh vi the tren thi trudug det may the gidi"
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Tap doan Del may VN (VINATEX), Bao cao tinh hinh hoat dong kinh te VN nam 2008, phuong hudng kmh doanh nam 2009
2. VITAS (2007), Nguon nhan luc nganh det may VN khi gia nhap WTO. Ha Npi ngay 30/11/2007.
3. Tap doan Det may VN (VINATEX);
4. Hiep hpi Det May VN (VITAS):
5. Tdng cue Thdng ke (2008), Nien giam thdng ke nSm 2008. NXB Thdng ke.
