NHUNG GIA TRj VAN HOA
L A N G CO DCDNG SON
N G U Y £ N BiCH THUC
oang Son Id ni$t Idng zi ll£u bl^u cua xijr Thanh n^m ngay bfin hiiru ngan sfing Ma.
Ling duoc bd) a^p bdi phu sa sflng Ma vd sflng Chu. song cdnh quan noi dfly lal dan xen ril rdc nhie'u nui dd, niil dfl'l bao Quanh Idng, tao lh6' vtimg chai cho mOt thung lung vd cii nhin vdo (htf ddt, thfl nui, thK sflng CQng dik thd^y nguoi Dflng Son xua da chgn dja dl^m qudn cu d mOt vj trf hfli silrc c6 y nghia cd vfl' mdl kinh tfl', qudn su iln cbfnh trj.
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ung quanh langEWng Son la day nui Rdng (thudng ggi la nfli sau lang), nui CuOe, nui Mudn vl phia Ddng; mii Voi, nui Trang Tiln, ddng Ngugc va mot bai bdi chan ngfl phia bde. Phia nam lang duge khdng chi bdi nfli Ma Yen, tilp la nui Vang, nui canh Tien. Phia tay khdng ehd bdi canh ddng Ddng giap lang Ddng Thd (Hac Oa), xa Ddng Cuong. Phai ehang nhutig nggn nui nay chinh la noi cung cap nguyen lieu g6, da diing irong san xua't, xay dung. Va xua kia, noi day da ed hoal ddng san bSn Ihii rimg, phat triln chan nu6i.
Phia thugng ngudn va ta ngan sdng Ma la nhimg dai da'l bang phang eung ra't thuan tgi cho viee eanh lae ndng nghiep. Mdt yeu td khae, ngudi Ddng Son cu trfl rai g^n vdi bd sdng Ma nen nghi danh ea kha quan trgng trong nln kinh t l lai thdi dilm dd.
Khdng nhihig ihe, sdng nude ta phucmg tien giao ihOng truyin thdng eita ngudi Vi|t cd. Tfl dia dilm nay nlu Igi dung nudc ihiiy trilu va gid mfla thi ngudi ta cd thl eheo ihuyin nguge ddng sdng Ma
ten tan cac tang, ban vung eao dl giao luu, trao ddi hang hda vdi cac t6c ngudi khae. Hoac cd thl xudi ddng ra biln mdt each de dang.
Nhflng efl lieu ciia khao ed khai quat dugc tai khfing gian cua lang cd Ddng Son diu cho tha'y, manh da't nay da ddn nhan si; xuai hien cua eu dan tfl rat sdm, each day hang ngan nam - nhiitig ngudi da gdp phdn xay dung nln van hda thdi dai kim tchi rue rd d luu vuc sdng Ma (1).
Lang Ddng Son hien nay dugc tai lap tfl hai trang Ddng Cuong Thugng va Ddng Cuong Ha vao khoang nam 1740-1780, Ngudi lang Ddng Son ddi nay qua ddi khae truyin tung lai rang, trang Ddng Cucmg Ha ddng d khu vuc Ba Khe (noi nay da'u tich kha md nhat), trang Dong Cuong Thugng, tai khu vuc dong Ra, tua lung vao nui Voi, noi day van edn mdt sd md ma cua nhung ddng hg tdti tai ddng Thong, ddng Thang, ddng Ngugc giap tang Duong xa. Do hai trang ddng d doi da'l hep, Iai quay mat hudng ddng bac nen theo thuat phong thiiy, hudng nay khi hau khdng tdt. Viee sat nhap
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T H d M C T I M V A N HOA NGHI^ THUAT
hai trang la cdng eua Tham hoa Trinh Thd Lgi.
Vao nam 1740, phung su vua Le vl xfl Thanh tim dat xay dung chien ichu, ehdng lai ke thu xam tuoc, dng da khao sat vflng da't nay, nhan tha'y day ta vflng da't dep, lai la noi phu hgp cho viec lap ehil'n khu, dng da ban vdi hai trang cung vl lap tang mdi - lang DOng Son.
Vl tri lang cd Dong Son cdn dugc xem la mOt dia dilm ihuan loi vl an ninh, qude phdng.
Lang dugc bao bgc bdi nhimg sudn nui dde va ddng sdng Ma. Khi dflng tren dinh cac nggn nui, chiing ta ed thl dl dang quan sat ca canh ddng rOng Idn. Day thue su la ylu td thuan lgi trong phdng thu, dam bao an ninh eho nhirng tde ngudi sdng d day. Them vao dd, nhilu loai vu khi nhu mui dao, mfli ten, kilm ngdn ehilm da sd trong nhirng hien vat khai quat duge d vflng ditt nay. Bdi thl hge gia O.Lov Janse eho rang nhflng vfl khi nay dugc ehi tao ngay tai lang hoac d nhflng vflng lan can phue vu cho mue dieh phdng ve.
C) vi tri dae dia, Imh thieng, thuan lgi giao ihOng thuy bd, song su thuan lgi ay lai phai chflng kidn nhilu canh tang tde, dau thuong, ly tan trong sudl thdi gian ehiln tranh ehdng ngoai xam cung nhu nOi ehiln vdi cae thl luc phong kiln DSng Trong - Dang Ngoai. Cu dan sinh sdng d day da chiu r^t nhilu tdn that, phai ly lan di noi khae hoac khOng cdn tdn tai. Sau khi nude Viet thai binh, nhd edng eua thi ve Trinh Thi Lgi lang Ddng Son duge tai lap ngay trln manh da't ngudi Ddng Son ed da lu cu hang ngan nam trude. Nhu vay, nhung tu lilu lieh sfl va da'u vli khao ed hge cho phep ngd rdng hai trang Ddng Cuong Thugng va Ddng Cuong Ha ed thl la mdt bd phan hau due eua eu dan E>dng Soncd.
Ngudi lang rit tu hao vl que huong minh, manh da'l da duge eae thd hi Uin bdi lao dung nen. mdl truyin thdng van hda dam net nhSn van, dugc minh chflng bang nhfltig thanh td van hda truyin thdng phong phu.
Van hoa v^t the d lang cd Dong Son Nhflng gia tri nay dugc thl hiln d quin thl di tich lich su van hda nhu: dinh, din, ehfla, mi^u, di chi khao ed, nha ed... vdi nhilu net dOc
dao va rieng biet. Cac cdng Irinh kidn trflc cd xua nay trong mOt khdng gian sinh boat cdng ddng ludn mang dam ban sdc cua mdt lang Viet thuSn nOng va d^u ah eua mdt nln van minh tda nude. Tieu bieu nhu dinh va din Dfle Thinh Ca tflc Chang at Dai Vuong, milu IMhi thd Thinh Hoang lang Cam hoa thi ve Trinh Thl Lgi, din Miu va gieng Dinh, ehfla Ddng Sc^ (ehiia Pham ThOng). Dua theo eae cau ehuyen dugc dl cap trong Nam ong mong Itic cua HI Nguyen Trtoig vl nha su Quan Vien ehfla mdl cho vua T r ^ Anh Tdng trong giic mdng ciing nhu mdt sd bai tho nhu: Vgng Ddng Son lUu nhiin am (Tran Nghe Tdng), Ddng Sffn tu h6 thugng Idu (Pham Su Manh)... dugc luu fliiyln eho din ngay nay thi ehfla cua lang ed ten \k van Am tu, cdn cd ten Bd Dl lu, Quan Vien tii, ed thl duge xay dung vao khoang cudi thdi L^, diu thdi Trin tren dien ti'ch gin S.OOOm^, phia eudi tang vl phia bic, dugc xem nhu eanh ciia lang hudng ra sdng Ma.
Van chi, v5 ehi duge dat tren mdl nggn ndi iron nhu bat iip (mOi doan eo ciia nui Rdng).
Ngdi d vi tri nay cd thl quan sat thiy tau thuyin nguge xudi tren ddng s6ng Ma. Tren dinh niii ed mdt phien da dugc ggi deo phang nhu mil cii ban, ben canh la cay but da nggn bflt chia len trdi, uy nghi giua trdi dit. Van ehi la nil van hda dep, cdt each, yen hda. Tuong truyin rang noi day la ehd danh ed, binh van, ngim canh eua eae van nhan, tbi nhan khu vue miln Trang vao eac ngay dep (dai cii). Tren cay biil da vdn edn nhihig chfl nho: mat ddng (hudng ra sdng Ma) cd 4 chfl dao qudn cd kim, dich la dao xua va nay bit bien; mat bde (quay vao lang E)dng Son), ed 7 ehfl lumig lanh nguy, nhien thdnh vu trii, dieh la nui Voi cao Idn, thanh cua vu tru;
mat nam (quay ra qudc Id lA) cd 8 chfl nit nhi bdt truy. ma nhi bdt lan, dieh la nhuOm mi chang den, mai ma chang mdn. Cac bic tiln bdi khang dinh Dao Khdng khOng bao gid biln mit, eao Idn nhu nui Voi, bin vfltig nhu Ihinh cua vu tru, dfl ed nhudm cung ehing den, c6 mii eung ching mdn (2).
Ndi bat nhit chinh Id gia tri eua di ehi khao cd hgc Ddng Son, dugc phit hien nim 1924
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bdi sir nglu nhien cua dng ndng din Nguyin van Lam ngudi ling EWng Son. Khi dd nhflng dd ddng vfla tim duge d day bi lgi vio lay mOt sd ngudi ngoai qudc nhu A.Pouyanre, L.Pajoi, ngay sau dd Trudng Viln Ddng Bac Cd (Louis Finol) liln iiy nhiem cho Pajot - vien thuong chuih tinh Thanh Hda lue dd - liln hanh nhflng cudc dao lim cd vit lien tue tfl 1924 din 1928 d Ddng Son, dac biet la dgc theo hflu ngan sdng Ma.
Mdt sd Idn hien vat ddo duge d Ddng Son da duge bin eho Trudng Viln DOng Bae C6.
L.Aurouseau, Giim dde Trudng Viln Ddng Bic C6 Iflc dd du dinh nghien cuu mdn tai lieu da suu tap duge vi edng bd cic hiln vat, nhung nam 1929 dng mil nen khdng kip thuc hien kd hoach. Tilp sau L.Pajoi. nam 1934 trong khi dSn d&u mdt ehiln dich khao ed do eie Vien Bdo ting d Paris phdi hgp vdi Trudng Viln Ddng Bie Cd eflng bao trg, Ong George Ctoedes, biy gid Id Giim ddc Trudng Viln DOng Bic Cd, da uy thic eho O.Janse nhd khao cd hgc ngudi Thuy Diln, tiln hinh nghidn cflu dia dilm Ddng Son. Tfl thing gilng nim 1935 cho ddn nim 1939, O.Janse da tidn hdnh 3 dgt khao sit vi khai quat tai Ddng Son. Bao cao eua nhflng lin khai quat b day da dugc O.Janse cdng bd trong tip III cOng trinh Nghiin cdm Khao cd hgc a Ddng Dudng (3).
Di chi khao cd hgc DOng Son qua 7 lin khai quit chinh thfle vd nhilu lin dilu tra thim sat da dem lai mOt khdi lu lilu phong phfl vl cic loai hinh di tich tfl eu tru (nha san, bdp dun...) cho ddn md ting. Hdng van hiln vit dOc dio tfl nhflng trdng ddng Ddng Son bilu trung eua thu llnh vflng ddn nhflng hdn chi ludi ciia ngudi ndng din dinh c i , lfl nhihig hiln vat cua cic vflng miln xa xdi tren thd gidi ddn nhflng manh gdm dugc nung ddi trln chinh dit £>dng Son, tit ea da phan inh mdt cich sinh ddng khich quan trlnh dd cua ddi sdng vil chit, tinh thin cua ngudi Ddng Son. Diy ehinh la vflng dit irung tim cua vin hda Ddng Son loai hinh sdng Ma (4).
Trai qua bao thang trim, £>Ong Sdn vin luu giii hinh anh cua mdl ngdi ling cd Viei Nam
T i n i R J TRONIC Nlffin vdi mai dinh, gilng nudc, ao sen. Cac edng trinh kiln true cd xua trong mot khong gian sinh boat eOng ddng mang dim ban sie eiia mot Idng thuin nOng va diu in cua mot nln van minh lua nude. Lang Dong Son ndi liing vdi 13 ngOi nha ed tren 100 nam tudi, cd ngoi 200 nam tudi. Trong dd, ngOi nha cd eua Ong Luong Trgng Dul cd lfl thdi Nguyin, each diy hem 2(X) nam, dugc cong nhin di tich cap tinh nar.
2006, hien nam tren mot Ichudn vien da't dai doc lap vdi dien lich 470 m^. Tuy nhien sd nha cd a'y hiu hdi da hu hdng, hoac dugc chu nha tu cai lao, nln da mit din nhung net kiln true cd, trd nen hien dai nhu nha mdi.
Van hda phi vit the d lang cd Ddng Son It Idng que Viet Nam nao ed bl day lich sfl hang nghin nam va cd qua trinh phat triln lien tue nhu lang ed DOng Son. I^ng cd Ddng Son duge xem nhu met nien bilu vl su phat triln liln luc lfl thdi Van Lang - Au Lae eho din thdi hien dai.
Tdi lieu khao cd hgc cho bidt tfl thdi cac vua Hflng dung nudc, tren dia phan lang DOng Son ngay nay da hinh thanh mOl lang nOng nghiep phit triln, ed vi thd irong tchu vuc. Viec phat hien di tfeh lang cd DOng Son tren 2.500 nim da md ra nhilu hudng nghien cflu vl mOt nln van minh thdi ky dung nudc. Sau eie gia tri vin hda vat thl, eae gii tri van hda phi vat thl eua lang cd DOng Son da cung cac gia tri van hda vung sdng Ma hda vao nln van hda dan tgc Viet Nam nhung vin lip linh nhirng mang mau dep va khic biet.
Diu tien phai kl ddn tin ngudng thd thanh hoang lang. Vdi mOl lang cd diln hinh nhu lang Ddng Son, diu vdt thd ihanh hoang lang eang rd net. Thanh hoang lang DOng Son la Cihfi hoa Trinh Thd Lgi, mOt thi ve trilu Le da cd c6ng chgn di't va sap nhip hai trang Ddng Cuong Thugng vd Ddng Cuong Ha, lai lip nen lang DOng Son nhu hien nay. Ngai sinh nam 1705, mit nim 1780 thg 75 tudi, vl lang DOng Son nam 1740 Iflc 35 tudi. Khdng thiy eie tai beu chip vl que quin, gia dinh ngai d diu, chi nghe ngudi dan trong lang truyin lai ngai lam quan dudi ihdi hau Ll. Nhd ed edng trong viec sap
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T H 6 M C TIM VAN H6A NGHP THI IAT
nhap bai thdn dl cd lang DOng Son nhu ngay nay, dan lang da tOn ngai la thanh hoang lang, va thd tai milu Nhj, Hien vin cdn cac sdc phong dugc luu gifl eiia trilu Nguyin lfl ddi vua Thanh Thii 1906, Duy Tin 1909 den Khai Dmh 1924. phong eho ngai la Due Bdo trung hung. Doan Tdc ton than, giao eho lang Dong Son thd eflng.
Ll hdi, ll net 0 lang DOng Son eung kha da dang, diln ra trong ca bdn mua. Thanh phong luc va nghi ll, ngdy mung 1 let, dan tang lin lugi din phu, ehfla, milu ding ll ciu an, ciu phiic, ding cung td lien. Ngay miing 2 la ngay dinh eho thim va chflc let ben ngoai. Nhflng ngudi con gii da liy chdng duge giao dang ed gia tien ben ngoai, hien cdn nhilu gia dinh vdn gifl duge tue le nay cho den 5-7 thl he. Tel d day keo dai din hit miing 7 thing gieng, vdi nhilu trd choi, trd diln diln ra d sin dinh ciia ling, dd la net dep truyin thdng trong bdi canh thdi ky hien dai. Ngoai ra, mOt sd ngdy ll khae cung duge ngudi dan trong lang coi trgng: let E)oan ngg (5-5 am lieh), 11 Vu lan (ngay rim thing 7), le'le tai Van Thanh (noi thd Khdng Tfl vd 72 bgc trd cua ngai), ll t l Tam Sanh tai nui Van Chi (tfl mflng 1 din mflng 5 tdi Nguyen dan). Trudc kia khi nha vua td Nam Giao d ed dd, eiu eho mua thuan gid hda, miia mang bdi thu, da't nudc duge an binh... thi Lang Van tai lang DOng Son td ehfle te' vgng tai Van Chi, ll t l chuih tai nui Vo Chi (mii DuOi Rdng). Tfl nam 1947 tbi khOng lam nfla.
Cung cin diem de'n ll hgi K5' Yen, mOt ll hoi dugc coi la dOe dao nhil d lang ed Dong Son. Theo tue le xua, ll hOi Ky Yln khOng cd ngdy ed dinh. Hang nim, ngay ll duge chgn la ngay tdt trong thing 2 im lich, cd hang can la ngay Dinh, hang chi phai la ngay dai cat. Ll diln ra khi trdi bit diu tdi den dem Ichuya (tfl 18 de'n 23 gid), do thiy eung ehu tri, cung trdi di't, xin quy thin xong thi lam ll eim, ll nay lien quan ddn con xe, eon phao, va thudng giao cho thanh nien trong lang ed sfle khoe, ngudi Om eon phao chay vl hudng bie, ngudi dm con xe chay vl hudng nam, cim vdo hai hdn di da dugc dinh sin diu tdng vd eudi lang. Thuc chit.
le nay mang am hudng cua ll ciu mfla, cdu mua thuan. gid hda, trdi yen, biln ling... dung v^
khit vgng eua eu din nOng nghiep lua nudc.
Nlu le thl hien nilm khit vgng vi tOn knih tbi hoi lam tang them mdi quan he linh lang.
nghia xdm. doan kit trong cOng ddng. HOi ling DOng Son dugc td chflc trung vdi ll tilt Thanh Minh (3-3 am lieh), day eung la ngdy gid Diic thanh ca Le Uy nen din lang ning len thanb ngay hdi Idng. Theo thin pha trong din thi Dflc thinh ca Le Uy la ludng nha Ly, nhd lai cao, dflc rOng duge vua giao trgng irich cim quan chdng giac Chiem Thanh va da lap nen nhilu ehiln edng hiln hach. Trong mdt tran chiln, do quin giac qua ddng, thl giie manh, Ong bj thuong nang va da phi duge vdng viy cua giic vl din thugng trang DOng Son, nay Id lang DOng Son, thi by sinh. Ghi nhd cOng lao ciia Ong, nhan din da lap din thd va Ihudng xuyen huong khdi.
Ngay hoi Idng dugc ngudi dan td chflc long trgng, diy y nghia nhan van. Trong tam thflc mdi ngudi con lang ed diu hudng vl ngay hdi vdi nhung tri an dae biet ddn cic bic tiln bdi, ngudi ed cong, ngudi mang lai hanh phfle im no eho lang. Cung trong ngay nay, cic ddng ho d lang cd DOng Son cflng td chflc tibg (5). Viec ea lang te hg cflng mOt ngay eho thiy su gin bd, doan kdl cua nhin dan tang ed. Bin canh viec t l hg edn ed lue kit cha vdi cic lang trdn, lang dudi: lang Giang Hin, lang Tfl Quang..., nhflng nam kdi eha, ca lang thdng nhit id hg vdo ngiy mung 2. dl mflng 3 vao viec ling. Hdi lang DOng Son mang linh cOng ddng sau sic. Id dinh cao cua su hda hgp, doan ket, eflng ehung mdt ude vgng, ciu mong cho ngay mai tdt dep hdn.
Ngudi dan ling cd edn gifl lai nhilu phong tue tap quin ed xua diy f nghia. Ndp sinh hoat d lang hien nay vin duy tri thOng qua ban huong ude duge vilt bang chfl NOm va chil Hin. Cae dilu trong huong ude thl hien su trii tu, quy cii va mang ti'nh bao quit loan bd boat ddng ciia din lang: hdi ddng i6c bilu, quan ly cdng dien, hOn thu, lang II, tdtu, tue kit cha...
Ben eanh dd, nghi ihflc quy trgng ngudi cao tudi vin dugc duy tri. Dan Ong ddn 59 ludi dugc
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di ndm cd lao. nghia la, eho du eO mimg len lao dinh eho cac cii 60 ggi la vgng lao. Tuy nhien, cung ed le trilu dinh dung tudc, nghia la khi cd viec cha, viec ling d dinh Trung tbi ai ed pham him chflc sdc mdi dugc hgp ban. Tiidi cao ma khdng cd phim ham chflc sdc, ggi la tao mde, thi ehi dugc ngdi hai ben ta mac ma nghe. Phu nfl trudc day khdng dugc tham gia ban.
Tue kdl hg ban vdn edn dugc duy tri. Trong ling nhihig ngudi dan dng bang hoac hon kem nhau mOt vii tudi, nhung hgp linh, quy min nhau cd thl kit thanh hg ban. Da kdl thdnh hg ban Ihi xem nhau nhu anh em ru6t thjt. Hg ban cflng ed quy udc rieng, lip quy tuong trg bang thde hoic bang tiln, quy udc thfl tu liy hg hang nam. Trudng hgp ngudi nio cd viec cd the bao dl liy trude. Nhung ngudi choi hg vdi nhau deu ggi nhau bing bac (trfl trudng hgp hg hing thi ggi nhau theo thfl tu ddng hg). Hg ban tucmg trg nhau khi dm dau, hoan nan, giup nhau viee hieu hy, lam nhi. Mdt phong tue dep, hihi ich dang duge Iran trgng, khuydn khieh idn tai. Thuc te hien nay, hg ban chi duy tri d nhung bac cao nien, Idp ire vi trung nien khOng thiy choi hg, dilu ndy ra't ding tide. Chung lOi thiy ring, trong lich sfl Idng cd nhihig ngudi irong eac hg nhu Luong Ba, Luong Trgng, Luong Tri. hay hg Nguyin diu thiy lip nen nhflng hg ban nay.
MOt net van hda dep ma ngudi din ling cd nudi tile mdi khi nhae din, dd la tiae kit cha vdi ling Hl^n (edn ggi la Qiing Hdn) d tdng Duong Xi xua (nay Id xa Thilu Khanh, huyen Thieu Hda). Tfl ling Ddng Son di qua mOt bai bdi, qua ling Giang Ngoai, Giing Ndi din Giing Hen, hai ling cich nhau khoang 5 km. Dilm ehung Id. hai ling diu nim ven bd nam sdng Ma.
Hdng nam ngiy hOi eha la ngdy trgng dai cua ling, vile td chflc rit trang trgng va ehu dao.
Vile di eha vi ddn eha diu do lang dung ra td chflc. Ngudi di cha phai li ngudi khdng vi pham cic ll giio irong ling, khdng di tat, khdng trong thdi gian chiu tang, in ndi phai dflng dan, phai d tudi ihdnh dmh trd Iln. Hdng nim vio ngiy mflng 3-3 im lich (ngdy hdi Idng), hai ling efl dai dien sang ling ben td 11.
nam nay EWng Son sang Giing Hin t l ll thi
T L f L l g U T R Q N t ^ N t J C ? C
nam sau Giing Hin lai sang DOng Son te ll.
Den nam thfl 3 Dong Son rude kieu sang Gidng Hin te le, 3 nam sau Giang Hdn lai rude kieu sang DOng Son t l ll. Khi di cha cd kieu, phai td ehfle ddn lir diu lang va hat cau mdi chao. Khi kieu eha vl cflng lien tdi diu lang va hat ciu liln biet. Trong hgi cha cdn cd td chflc ca mua, hat boi. MOt net trong ket cha li eon trai, eon gii hai lang khdng bao gid dugc liy nhau.
Khi gap nhau ngudi din hai lang xung hO mOt tieng ngai tOn kinh. Hgi cha gifla hai lang Ddng Son - Giing Hin kl tfl nam 1954 khOng cdn nfla. Tfl nam 2007 lai day mOt sd lao nien trong ling da gip nhau, kl lai ehuyen xua. cd nguyen vgng hai ling khOi phuc tai truyin thdng cua Ong cha.
MOt ngOi lang ed ed bl diy lieh sfl hang nghin nam, ngudi dan DOng Son tfl xua da ed truyin thdng hidu hge. cd nhilu ngudi hge gidi, dd dat cao. Trong qua trinh khao sat. ehung tOi khOng thiy trong gia pha, pha tgc cua cic ddng hg \dn ciia ling DOng Son ghi hge vin ciia con chau minh qua cac ddi, ehi cd mdt sd sic phong cua trilu Le, Nguyin cho ngudi tham gia vao quin dgi, chinh quyln, khdng thiy cic sie phong vl hge vi, hge ham, eac vj tiln bdi trong lang cung khOng duge truyin lai. Tuy nhien trong cac gia pha vin thl hien trieh nhiem cua gia dinh va cOng ddng ling xa ddi vdi cong tic giio due, khuyin hgc, ddng vien con chau cd ging hgc hinh dl thanh danh va nhan duge phin thudng cua ling. Lang trudc day cd Van Thanh thd Khdng Tfl nhdm khuydn khich hgc hanh eho eon chau trong tdng. Hien nay da cd hang tram ky su, bae sT, nhi bio, nha doanh nhaa... dang lim viec lai que huong Thanh Hda eflng nhu eac dia phuong khic, cac ddng hg trong ling diu cd quy khuyin hgc dl khuyin khich viec hge tip cua eon em trong hg minh.
Bao tdn, phat huy vin hda truyen thdng lang cd Dong Son
Di dat dugc muc tieu phat huy cie gia tri vin hda ling ed DOng Son, giai phap eo ban li kien tri bao tdn va lim gidu ban sdc van hda truyin thdng. Lang cd Ddng Son nim trong khdng gian cua TP Thanh Hda, li trgng dilm
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THbUCTIIIVAN H 6 A N(3HI^ T H U A T lua ehgn triln khai phong trao xiy dung nOng ihOn mdi. Trong quy hoach tdng thl bao tdn, tOn tao vi phat huy gia tri di tich lich sfl van hda Ham Rdng, Thanh Hda, thl ting cd DOng Son dugc xem Id tam dilm quan irgng, mot muc lieu vfla bao tdn, vfla phat huy bang viec khai thac cho cic boat dOng du lieh tuong lai.
Tfl thue liln, ehung tOi nhin thiy cin ehu y mOt sd vin dl.
Cin phai tinh toin lai quy hoach khOng gian Ham Rdng rOng tdn hon theo khOng gian Ham Rdng xua (liy mdc tfl thdi ky Hiing Vuong dung nude, bao gdm ca Quy Chfl, Hoing Ly, Thieu Duong. Thieu Khinh ngay nay). Hien nay, cd thl xem khdng gian Ham Rdng chinh la dia phan cua TP Thanh Hda, trong dd, liy lang cd DOng Son Idm hat nhin, Viec diu tu tdng thl se giup cho cac nha hoach dinh ehinh sach, eae nhd quan ly ed tim nhin tich hgp he thdng, ed nhu vay lang ed DOng Son mdi ed co hOi bao ve trgn ven.
Xay dung nOng thOn mdi ti hoat ddng da khia eanh. Ngoii phat triln kinh te, quy hoach CO sd ha ting, thi vin hda dugc xem la mOl ylu td quan trgng trong phat triln bin viing, Lang cd DOng Son cd bl day van hda truyin thdng, trong cOng eude xiy dung nOng thdn mdi ein coi trong edng tie xiy dung gia dinh van hda, ling van hda, loan dan doin kit xiy dung ddi sdng van hda. Tilp de'n, trong eie muc tieu xiy dung nOng thdn mdi, cung cin thilt phai khoi phuc lai cac gii tri vin hda truyin thdng da mai mdt bing ehinh viee hiln nay ehung la dang diu lu xiy dung he thdng thilt che van hda Iheo dung ehudn eua xiy dung nOng ihOn mdi. Linh hdn cua he thdng thilt ehe li cic hoat dOng van hda, trong dd uu tien eho hoal ddng van hda truyin thdng. MOt sd te hOi mai mOt nhu ll hoi KJ Yen, tue kit cha... cin khdi phue trd lai, bd sung vio hoal dOng van hda truyin thdng cua ling.
Tinh bin vihig cua mdi ling Viet ed cin phai dugc xay dung tren ehinh nln mdng van hda eua lang. Cd nghia, phat triln kinh te phai hai hda vdi phat triln van hda, md d dd cic gii tri van hda truyin thdng ddng vai trd quan
trgng. Cd thl tidn hinh mOi sd cOng tie quan IJ mang tuih ddt phi d l vfla hoan thinh cOng cuOc xiy dung nOng thOn mdi, vfla bao tdn tdt nhSt eac gia tri van hda truyin thdng: cin bd quan IJI dia phuong ein cu Ihl hda cic quan dilm chi dao ciia Dang, Nhi nudc, cua linh d l nhin dan dl hilu, de nhd, d l lam thOng qua cae ehuung trinh luyen truyin. He thdng thOng tin dai chflng eua tinh cd quy mO vi cd vai trd hdng diu nhdm quang bi, thOng tin, tuyen truyin, giao due nhihig hilu bill vl ling ed Ddng Son.
Cae di san, eie gia tri, ban sic van hda cfla Idng cd Ddng Son phai duge truyin tai hang ngiy din ngudi dan Thanh Hda, vfla phue vu nhu ch tim hilu, nang cao nhan thfle, dan tri, lfl dd lim cho ngudi dan hilu vl van hda truyin thdng cfia qui hucfng minh.
Trong xa hOi hien dai, cdn khuyin khich su tham gia true tilp va lieh cue eua thl he ah biA di san hay truyin thdng lu6n gin liln vdi qufi trinh trao truyin, k l tue gifla cic thl he. Dl cl thl phd cip nhflng hilu bill vl vin hda lang c6 Ddng Son, mot ddi tugng quan trgng trong viftc trao truyin van hda gifla eie thl be, tbi phai dua kiln thfle giio due van hda truyen thdng vio gid ngoai khda trong nha trudng. Van hda Idng ed Ddng Son ed sfle sdng trudng tdn, vugt qua nhilu thu thich khie nghilt eua lieh sfl. Chung ta cin tuyen truyin, cd dOng ning cao nhin thflc ciia ngudi din Thanb Hda vl eie gii \n van hda truyin thdng lang Viet cd, ddng thdi tao mdi trudng tdt, thuan lgi cho vide lim gidu va phat huy cac gia tri vin hda lang ed Ddng Son trong thdi ky mdi •
N.B.T
1, 2. Luong Dai Dung. Ldng cd Ddng Scm, Hfli VHNTcac dan tdc Ihi^u s6 Viei Nam, 2009, Irl4. 91-92 3. Bao lang tdng hap linh Thanh H6a, Thanh H6a di tich vd danh thdng, lap KI, Nxb Thanh Hoa, 2004.
tr.16-18.
4. Pham Huy "niOng, Chinh nhd chdng Hdn Dudng ta mdi laildUi, Tap chf Khao cdltoc. stf 1-1980, lr.2-3.
5. Cic dia phinmg khiSc \i ho ihirfmg vao ngiy rim thing gieng. Day li mOl di^m die biet.
niSd347 lilil Thang 5-2013
