THAIVH PHAIM V E S A U ( H O I V i a P T E R A : C I C A D I D A E ) H A I CA P H E U T A Y IMGUYEIM V A JVIOT S D BIEIM P H A P
PHdiMG T R U
Pham Thi Vugng', Nguyin Thi Thuy^
T6MTAT
Ve sau (Homoptera: Cicadidae) duoc ghi nhan la dich hai tren ca phe tai Viet Nam tu nam 2005, Chung biing phat va gay hai bang ngan ha ca phe cila mot so tinh Dak Lak, Lam D6ng, Gia Lai.., thuoc Tay Nguyen, Vai tro gay hai ciia chung kha ro a cac vuon ca phe dang trong thoi ky cho qua. Tmoc tinh hinh gay hai ciia ve sau, nhieu loai thudc hoa hpc da dugc ngu'oi dan sir dung de phong trii voi lieu luong gap tu 2-3 lan so voi khuyen cao, Ket qua nghien cii'u cho thay, eo tcri 6 loai ve slu hai ca phe tai Tay Nguyen, 3 loai CO mat do eao gay anh huong lon toi sinh truoiig va phat trien cua cay ca phe la loai: Dundubia nagarasagna, Pomponia daklakensis va Purana pigmentata, trong do loai Pomponia daklakensis max dupe phat hien, Ket qua nghien cuu con cho thay au triing ve sau cua tat ca cac loai phan bd chu yeu a dp sau tu 10-40 em va tir 20-70 em duoi mat dat. xung quanh gdc va theo bl rpng ciia tan cay ea phe. noi tap trung chu yeu cua bp rl eay ca phe. Cac thuoc bao ve thuc vat dugc thii nghiem trong qua trmh nghien ciiu deu eho hieu qua phong tni thap doi voi au triing ve sau. Bien phap phong tru thii cong bing che phii ni long co hieu qua trong phong trir ve sau truong thanh khi chiing chui tir duoi len khoi mat dat de lot xac rp vao thang 3- 7 trong nam.
Tir khoa: Ve sau (Homoptera: Cicadidae), che phu ni long, Dundubia nagarasagna, nin'rc voi. Pomponia daklakensis, Purana pigmentata.
I. OAT VAN OE
Cung vol d c dich hai nghiem trgng thudng xly ra tren ca phe nhu rep sap, gi sit., thi ve slu
(Homoptera: Cicadidae) xult hien voi mat do cao, gay hai manh da trd thinh sau hai nguy hiem ttr nam 2005 tai cac viing sin xult c l phe ti-gng dilm cua cac tinh Tay Nguyen. Tinh hinh gay hai cua ve slu tren ca phe CO chieu huong gia tang nam sau cao hon nam truoc.
Neu nam 2006 co tren 45.000 ha c l phe hi ve sau gay hai tai Dak Lak, Gia Lai va Lam Ddng thi den thang 6/2009 chi tinh rieng Dak Lak da cd tdi 15. 258,26 ha ca phe bi hai do ve slu va mat do au triing cao nhlt tU' 524,8-544 con ve slu/gdc, mat do trung binh khoing 74,75 con/gdc, mat do thap 7,6 con/gdc [1]. Tai Viet Nam cho din thdi diem nly cac kit q u i nghien cun vl ve slu hlu nhu chua cd tac gia nIo d l cap din, chua CO bien phap phdng trir bun hieu phuc vu san xuat.
Bai vilt nay nhlm cung d p thong tin ve thanh phan ve slu hai cl phe va buoc diu d l xult mot sd bien phap phong trii' ve slu phuc vu sin xult.
II. VAT UEU VA PHUONG PHAP I\IGHIEI\I CUU
1. vat li^u nghien cuu
- Cac loai ve slu dugc thu thap tir d c •vudn c l phe cua mpt sd tinh d Tay Nguyen nhu: Dak Lak, Lam Ddng va Gia Lai.
Vien bao ve Ihiic \at
Cac vuon ca phe vdi kinh doanh va kiln thiet ca bin.
Cac dung cu thu miu theo quy dinh dieu tra con trung dlt,
Cac vat lieu che phu nhu m long, voi bot, bay dinh va mot sd loai thudc hlo ve thyc vat su dung trong nghien cun.
2. Phuang phip nghien cuu
a. Phuang phdp thu thap thanh phdn ve sdu Thu thap d c loli ve slu ngay sau khi chung vu hda a d c 'vai'dn ca phe cua cac tinh Dak Lak, Gia lai, Lam Ddng vao thdi diem vu hda rd tu thang 3 den thang 7,
Llm mau: d m kim ddi voi con trudng thanh, doi voi sau non va tning ngam trong dung dich Hinh thai cua trudng thanh va lu triing dugc mo ta dua tren nhirng dac diem thich nghi va nhung dac diem cd gil tri <3inh loai.
Cac chuyen gia d truong Dai hoc Bany - Bang Florida - Hoa Ky da dinh loai cac mau thu thap duoe.
Nghien cun thoi dilm xult hien va xac dinh tin suit bit gap: Tu thang 3 den thang 7 khi ve slu tru'dng thanh xult hien rg, tien hanh dilu tra thu thap cac loai ve slu bing vgt theo phuong jij-nn dieu
22 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO 1 - THANG 1 / ^
tra ty do, tai mdi dilm dilu tra tien hanh dim va phan loai cac loai ve sau thu thap duoc. Mirc do xult hien cua cac loai dugc danh gia bing chi tieu tin suit bit gap.
So lln bat gap ea the ciia moi loai Tan suat bit gap = x 100
Tong sd lan dieu tra
Trong do: ++4-+.- Tdn xuat bdt gap rdt cao > 50%; +++:
Tdn sudt bdt gap cao 30- 50%; ++: Tdn xuat bdt gap trung binh 20-30%;+: Tdn sudt bdt gap it 10-20%,; - Tdn sudt bdt gap rdt it 5-10%,
b. Nghien cuu su phdn bd cua du triing ve sdu trong ddt
Vudn c l phe da chgn dugc chia thanh cac bang deu nhau (mdi bang d c h nhau 2 hing), dieu tra theo kilu cudn chilu tinh tiln khong lap lai. Tren mdi bang dilu tra 5 dilm, theo dudng zich zlc ( mdi diem dilu tra 3 cay), eho din khi k i t thuc dilu tra, thi cdng vua tinh tiln h i t vudn (dilm dilu tra each bd 2 hang ca phe).
Tai mdi cay gat nhe dlt, dim sd Id ve trudc khi dao.
Mdi lln dilu tra theo 1 huong khac nhau, d l xac dinh cac hudng diu theo tan cay. Thu thap va d i m sd lu triing ciia tiing ting sau ciia dlt ( 0-10 cm, 10-40 cm va > 40 cm), va doan rong theo bin kinh gdc d i n tan cay (tir gdc ra 20 cm; tii 20-70 em va tii 70-120 cm) d l xac dinh k h i nang phan bd cua ve slu, tii do tinh mat do ve slu ( con/gdc).
c. Phuang phdp nghien cuu cdc bien phdp phdng trit ve sdu
Phong trit du triing ve sdu len lot xdc bdng bien phdp che phu ni long.
Thi nghiem dugc tiln hanh tren 1 vudn khoing 1000 m^ chia lam 2 phln, mot phln dugc che phu ni long (ni long dugc bao quanh gdc), phln con lai lam ddi chung.
Bien phdp thu bdt du triing ve sdu bdng phuang phdp do nuac voi a cdc nong do khde nhau
Thi nghiem gdm 4 cong fhiie: Cong third: ndng do nuoe vol 0,6%; cong diue 2: ndng do nuoe voi 1%; ; cong thiie 3: nong do nuoe voi 2 %; cong thirc 4: ddi chung.
Thi nghiem dugc bd tri theo kilu khdi nglu nhien hoan chinh (RCB), nhIc lai 3 lln.
Phdng trir du triing ve sdu len lot xdc bdng bien phdp bdy dinh
Thi '' .nem dugc tien hanh voi mot sd vat lieu dinh: Cong thiie 1: dung bang dinh; cong thue 2:
diing keo dinh chugt, cong thue 3; keo dinh co; cong thiic 4: mo (boi xe); cong thirc 5: ddi chung
Thi nghiem dugc bo tri theo kieu khdi ngau nhien hoan chinh (RCB), nhIc lai 3 lln, theo doi hieu lye sau 1, 3, 5 ngly
Bien phdp phong trit ve sdu bdng bien phdp thudc bdo ve thue vdt
- Thi nghiem dugc tiln h i n h voi mot sd thudc hda hgc nhu Polytrin 440EC, Sagosuper 3 G, Diaphos lOG, Motox 5 EC, Actara 25WG, dau khoang vl sinh hgc (che pham Vimetarzimm 95 DP).
- Gat nhe dat de hd Id ve, sau do hoa tan d c loai thudc h o i hgc trong nuoc theo ndng do khuyin cao, tudi 4 lit nuoc thudc/gdc. Cac loai thudc hat va thudc sinh hgc Metarhizium rIc vao gdc c l phe sau do tudi du nude d l thudc ed t h i n g l m vio cac Id co ve slu.
- Thi nghiem dugc bd tri theo kieu khdi ngau nhien holn chinh (RCB), mdi cong thiic 5 cay c l phe, nhIc lai 3 lln, dinh gia hieu lye cua thudc sau 3, 7, 14, 21, 45 ngly xir ly.
- Hieu lye ciia thude dugc hieu chinh theo Henderson tillton. CIc sd lieu diu dugc xu ly theo chuong trinh IRRISTAT.
ill. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
1. Thinh phln ve slu hai c l ph6
Kit q u i nghien cun da xlc dinh dugc 6 loli ve slu gay hai tren c l phe tai cac tinh d Tay Nguyen la:
Dundubia nagarasagna Distant, Haphsa bindusara Distant, Pomponia daklakensis Sanborn nom.nud, Haphsa opercularis Distant, Purana samia Walker, Purana pigmentata Distant. Trong do tai Dik Lik va Lam Ddng xult hien c l 6 loli, cdn d Gia Lai chi cd 3 loli la Dundubia nagarasagna Distant, Pomponia daklakensis Sanborn nom.nud, Purana pigmentata Distant. Trong sd 6 loai, cd 3 loli cd y nghia kinh t l hon c l la Dundubia nagarasagna, Pomponia daklakensis, va Purana pigmentata; loli Haphsa bindusara va loli Purana samia cd mat dd thap hon
(bing 1).
Pomponia daklakensis Sanborn nom.nud II loai ve slu moi dugc phat hien tren the gioi [7],
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON-SO 1 -THANG 1/2010 23
Bing 1. Thinh phln loli ve s l u (Homoptera:
Cicadidae) hai c l phfe tai Tly Nguyin (2008-2009)
Khi theo doi thdi gian xult hien cua cac loai, ket q u i nghien ciiu cho thIy, thdi gian xult hien cua mdi loli la khac nhau, loli Dundubia nagarasagna xult hien nhilu tii thang 3 d i n thang 5 vdi mat do rat cao;
loli Haphsa bindusara va Purana samia xuat hien rli rIc tir thing 3 nhtmg mat do r l t thap, loli Pomponia daklakensis, Purana pigmentata xult hien rg tu' gitia thing 4 din thang 6 cung voi mat do rlt cao
(bing 2).
Ghi chu: +++ : gay hai ndng; ++: gay hai trung binh;
gdy hai nhe; -: gay hai khong ddng ke
Bing 2. Thdi gian xult hi6n rd cua e l c loli ve slu trudng thinh hai c l ph6 tai Tly Nguyfen (2008-2009) TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
T6n khoa hpc
Dundubia nagarasagna Distant Haphsa bindusara Distant Pomponia daklakensis Sanbom nom.nud
Haphsa opercularis Distant Purana samia Walker Purana pigmentata Distant
Muc d6 hai
+4-+
+ +++
++
-
-h-H-
Thang 3 4 5 6 7
Dundubia nagarasagna
-I-++
++
++
-1-
-
Haphsa bindusara
+ +
4-
-
Pomponia daklakensis
++-^
-H- -H- +
Haphsa opercularis
-n-
-H- +
Purana samia
- - - + -
Purana pigmentata
- +++
++
• H -
+
Ghi chu: ++++.• Tdn xuat bdt gap rdt cao > 50 %; +++: Tdn xuat bdt gap cao 30- 50 %,; ++:
20- 30%; +.' Tdn xuat bdt gap it 10- 20%o; -: Tdn xuat bdt gap rdt it 5-10%,.
Tdn xuat bdt gap trung binh
2. Tip tinh sinh sdng v l g l y hai ciia ve slu Ve slu la loli con triing chich hiit thugc hg Cicadidae bg Hemiptera. Ve slu thugc loai hinh biln thii khong holn toln vdi 3 pha phlt due II: trimg, sau non vl trudng thinh [ 5, 2]. Trudng thinh ve slu de trimg tren than cay, d n h cay d p 1, 2 cua cay e l phe. Sau khi ve slu nd (lu trung mdi nd) roi xudng dlt, ngay lap tiic chiing tim d c h chui ngay vio trong dat vl tim din r l cay d l chich hiit nhya va b i t diu ehu ki sdng dudi dlt trong sudt pha l u triing vl chi ngoi len mat dat trudc khi -vu h o i trudng thinh khoing tii 20-30 phiit.
Au triing sau khi chui xudng dat, dio cac Id dgc theo cac r l chinh thing xudng dlt d dd sau tir 10-100 cm (tap ti-ung chinh d do sau 10-40 cm) hiit dich tii r l cay thong qua vdi chich hiit. Kit q u i dd da gay nen 2 tac hai cho cay c l phe; tic hai thii nhlt II hiit dich r l cay, tac hai thii 2 quan trgng khong k i m II do trong qua trinh dao Id da gay ra hien tugng dirt toln bd r l to cua cay ca phe, Inh hudng din q u i trinh hiit dinh duong vl nude cua cay trdng [3, 4].
VIo giai doan tii thing 3-7 l u triing ve slu dly siic chui len khdi mat dlt leo len than cay, cle vat t h i phia ti-en xung quanh gde, d l lot xac, hda trudng thinh (vQ hda vao budi tdi tu' 6-7 gid din 11-12 gid dem). Sau khi hda trudng thinh, chiing bay d i n elc cay to d l ghIp doi giao phdi, sau dd quay lai d c vudn cl phe de de tning vio d c cinh hoac than cay
phln banh te, cd ke mrt. Ve slu d i sir dung dng de triing elm vio Idp vd eay, d n h d l de trimg, trimg duge de rdi rac timg q u i theo timg d, mdi d co tren 10 trung, mdt eay ed the cd tir 1- 10 d. Sd lugng d trung phy thude vao sd lugng vl kich thudc canh ca phe d p 1, 2.
Bang 3. Su phln bd cua l u trung ve slu ( d c loli cd kich thudc nhd) trong dlt
Thang dilu tra 12/2007 1/2008 3/2008 5/2008 7/2008
Td
0 -10 cm 54,44 55,12 58,50 54,06 60,27
i n g d l t ( % ) 10-40 cm
32,78 31,15 32,48 28,36 23,54
>40cm 12,78 13,73 9,02 17,58 16,19
Chilu rpng tan ciy (%) 0- 20 cm
14,44 11,50 13,27 17,46 15,21
20-70cm 60,00 56,70 58,64 56,32 59,43
> 70 em 25,56 31,80 28,09 26,22 9,17 Ghi chu: cdc loai co kich thudc nho la loai: Purana
samia vd Purana pigmentata
Bang 4. Su phln bd ciia l u trung ve slu (cic loli cd kich thudc ldn) trong dlt
Thang dilu tra 12/2007 1/2008 3/2008 5/2008 7/2008
Ting dlt (%)
0 -10 cm 29,15 40,10 24,37 21,69 24,68
10-40 cm 58,81 41,72 49,21 47,86 53,67
>40 cm 12,04 18,18 26,42 30,45 21,65
Chilu rdng tan cay (%) 0 - 2 0 cm
29,00 19,48 39,78 22,01 22,01
20-70cm 48,57
_683lJ
39,47 54,35 54,35
> 70 em 22,43 12,21 20,75 23,63 23,63 Ghi chu: cdc loai co kich thuac lan Id: Dundubia nagarasagna, Haphsa bindusara, Pomponia daklakensis, Haphsa operculari.
24 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO 1 - THANG 1/2010
Ve slu trudng thanh chgc vdi vio canh vl than cay c l phe hut dich nhya cay, noi cd mat do tnrdng thanh cao gay hai cho cay (M. S. Moulds,1989 va J.
M. Waller, M. Bigger, R. J. Hillocks, 2007 ) [5, 6].
Kit q u i bing 3, 4 cho thay l u triing ve slu.sdng tap tnmg d do sau tii 10- 40 cm, va d do rong cua tan cay II tir 20 - 70 cm; day II ting dat r l cay e l phe phlt triln vl tap trung nhilu nhlt. Au trimg loli ve slu cd kich thude nhd cd xu huong sdng a ting dlt nong hon loai cd kich thuoc lon.
Bing 5. Kit qua phdng tni l u trung ve slu
O nhtrng vu'on ca phe co xuat hien mat do au triing ve slu cao thi cay thudng phlt trien kem, cay cdi cgc, II biln vang va rung, nhiing canh non khong the phlt triln dugc dan biln vIng....
3. Mdt sd biln phip phdng trir ve sau
a. Phdng trie ve sdu bdng bien phdp che phu ni long Thi nghiem phdng trir ve slu trudng thanh bing bien phip che phu nilong dugc tiln hanh vao giai doan lu triing ve slu bd len vii hoi, k i t q u i thu dugc tai bing 5.
lln vQ hda bang che phii ni ldng tai Dak Lik -2008 Dia diem
Thanh pho Buon Ma Thuot
Thang 3 (con/gdc) 11,79
Thang4 (con/goe)
9,25
T h a n g 5 (con/gdc)
3,05
Thang 6 (con/goc)
24,09 Kit qui cho thay: moi gdc trung binh cd tren 20
ve slu trudng thinh khi chui tir dudi dlt len bi chan lai bdi ni long che phu v l chit. Ngoli tic dung diet ve slu, bien phip che phii ni long cdn ed tac dung ngan chan lu triing ve slu ngay sau khi nd tren cay.
roi tir cay xudng dat, khong co dilu kien xam nhap vio dat vl chit.
b. Phong trit du triing ve sdu bdng bien phdp sic dung voi bot
Cong thuc
Voi hot Voi bot Voi hot Nuoe la LSD 0,05 CV (%)
Bang 6. Hi6u qui ciia vdi bpt trong phdng trir i
Nong do ,. (%)
0,6 1 2
Lilu lugng (lit/gdc)
5 5 5 5
Mat do ve slu (con/gdc)
48 51 55 39
iu trimg ve slu ^ a k 1
Hi6u qua sau 3 phiit (%) 16,67a 19,05a 26,67b 0,00 12,33 29,90
^ , 2 0 0 7 )
Hi6u qua sau 5 phiit (%)
16,67a 28,57ab
40,00 c 0,00 13,26 23,60 Khi xu ly bing dung dich voi hot d ndng do 2%
vio giai doan thing 7-8 eho fhly khoing 26,67- 40%
sd lu triing ve slu ngoi len khdi mat dlt tir 3-5 phut, vi vay nong dan ed fhl tudi 10 gdc lien tilp, sau dd quay lai thu bit ve d l llm thiic an nuoi gl, hoac fhl
ga, vit... Sau khi chui len dugc 5-10 phut nlu khong bat thi lu triing lai chui xudng dat, chung diing chan gat dlt va lip mieng hang lai (au trimg ve sau khong chef do voi hot).
c. Phong trit ve sdu trudng thanh bdng bdy dinh Bang 7. Thu nghiem mdt sd vlt lifeu dinh trong thu bat ve slu trudng thinh (Bak Lak, 2008)
vatiifeu
Diing bang dinh Keo dinh chu6t Keo dinh c6 Ma (boi xe)
Sau 1 ng^y Tong so xac
thu duoc 5 7 4 9
Ve sau dinh bay
0 0 0 0
Sau 3 ngiy Tong so xac
thu duoc 14
9 10
8
Sd ve dinh bay
0 0 0 0
Sau 5 ngiy Tong so xac
thu duoc 7 6 5 6
So ve dinh bay
0 0 0 0 Tit c l d c vat lieu dinh d i u khong cho hieu q u i
thu bat au trimg dly siic khi chui khdi mat d l t len Idt xlc d l hda trudng thinh vi nhung ly do sau day:
Hlu h i t diu nghi ring bit ve b i n g vat lieu dinh dugc, thi phdng trir ve slu cung cd hieu q u i nlu sir dung nhirng chit lieu dinh. Tuy nhien thyc t l lai
khong dung nhu vay. Khi ve slu chui ra khdi dlt, leo len than cay hoac d c vat lieu tren mat gdc c l phe d l Idt xac h o i trudng thanh, vet nirt cua xac d vi tri tren lung ve, vi vay d c vat lieu dinh cd k h i nang giu xac ve lai, tham chi giup qua trinh lot xac dugc d l ding hon, khong bit dugc ve slu khi lot xlc.
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO 1 - THANG 1 /2010
25pi.
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H , : , F ^ ' . - ,
• \:
a
S - ' \ ^ | i a n h khi chung quay trd lai vu'on ca phe dc trung
•\^ *^if:.y- ^ " <3ang tilp tiic nghien cuu).
.1 d. Bien phdp phong trif bdng mot sd thudc BVTV -• :'•::, .".^i Nguoi dan da diing rlt nhilu loai thudc boa hoc
- - ••.,41 phong tru' ve slu, nhung hieu qua khong cao, dac :. .. Hiet da gay 6 nhilm nghiem trgng do phai turn xuong dat mot lugng thudc tru sau lon gap 2-3 lan so voi Ve sdu l()t xdc tren vdt lieu dinh
Ve slu sau khi lot xac bay len khu cay cao de giao phdi. quay trd lai vu'on ca phe de trung tren canh d p 1, 2, Vi vay bien phap ma mot sd tac gia khuyen cao la: su dung bay dinh de thu bat ve slu len lot xac la khong hieu qua (Tuy nhien phuong phap sii' dyng mot sd vat lieu dinh de thu bit trudng
Bang 8. Hieu luc ciia mot sd thudc bao v§ thuc vat trong phdng trir ve sau (tai Phudc An Krong Pac - phong ti-ir cac loai dich hai tren mat dlt. Truoc tinh hinh dd da tien hanh thir nghiem hicu qua mot sd loai thudc bao ve thuc vat de phong tru au tning ve slu, k i t q u i dugc the hien d bing 8.
STT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Dik La]
Cong fhiic
Polytrin 440EC (10 ml/goc) Sago super 3 G (12 g/goc) Diaphos 10 G (20 g/gdc) Motox 5EC (lOml/goc)
Aetata 25 WP + Dau khoang (1 g+20 ml/goe) Dau khoang (40 ml/goc)
Supracide 40 EC + Dau khoang (10 ml+20 ml/gdc) Metarhizium (250 g/goc)
Metarhizium (500 g/goc) LSD 0,05
CV (%)
k- 2008)
3NSXL 10,5
0 0 0 0 0 14,07
0 0 1,19 24,80
Hieu
7NSXL 15,18 0 35,00 16,38 0 22,22
0 0 3,05 17,90
qua sau xu 14NSXL
38,34 15,26 27,22 47,24 18,67 0 28,57
0 0 3,11 9,30
y(%) 21 NS.XL
56,12 32,00 40,44 51,00 34,11 0 38,15
0 0 2,83 5,90
i
45 NSXL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19,00 37,00 1.89 17,60 Ghi chii: + NSXL: Ngdy sau xtr ly; + Nguon nam: Ndin Metarhizium duac san xuat tai Trung tdm Nghien rim San xuat cdc che pham sinh hoc - Lien hiep cdc hoi Klioa hoc Ky thudt Viet Nam.
Nhin chung cac loai thudc bao ve thyc vat diu CO hieu qui thap trong phong trir au trung ve sau hai ca phe. Cao nhat la Polytrin 440EC dat hieu qua 48,34 - 56,12% sau 14 va 21 ngay xir ly, Motox 5EC dat 47,24-51% sau 14 va 21 ngay xir ly, cac loai thudc cdn lai hieu qui dat tren duoi 30% sau 21 ngay sau xir ly.
Chi pham Vimetarzimm 95 DP d 2 lieu lugng 250 g va 500 g/gdc, sau 45 ngay mdi co hieu qua, nhung
- Au tning ve slu tap trung chu yeu d tang dat tu 10-40 cm va d do rpng cua tan cay la tu 20 - 70 cm, day la tang dat re cay c l phe phat trien vl tap trung nhicu nhat. Chung chich hut dich cay, d tuoi cudi chung bd len cay lot xac boa trudng thanh giao phdi de tning.
- Bien phap phong t m au trung ve slu khi bo len hieu qua cung chi dat 19- 37%. Diu khoang khong lot xac boa ti-udng thanh bing vat lieu dinh khong co cho hieu qui phdng ti-fr ddi voi au tning ve slu. hieu qua,
IV. KET LUAN _ ^^^ thudc bao ve thyc vat thu nghiem diu td ra - Da thu thap va xac dinh dugc 6 loai ve slu hai kem hieu qua ddi voi lu tning ve slu. Tuy nhien bien c l phe tai Tay Nguyen, trong dd 3 loai co mat do cao phip phdng tru- thu cong bing che phu ni long va va anh hudng nghiem trgng din sinh trudng va phat dung nuoc voi co hieu qua trong phong tru ve sau trien ciia ca phe la Dundubia nagarasagna, Pomponia trudng thanh khi chiing tii duoi dat len lot xac va au daklakensis, va Purana pigmentata. Lodi P. trung ve sau trong dat.
dalakensis la loai moi phat hien.
26 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - SO 1 - THANG 1 /2i
TAI UEU THAIVl KHAO nghiem phong ti-u' chung bang mot so loai thuoc bao 1 ri-ii ^,>., 13.^^ , - TU -^ • f- I, / T A„, FiAnrr vc thttc vat. Tap chi BVTV SO 4 - 2007. 1. c m cue i^ao ve Ihyc vat cac tinh ( Lam Oong, '
Gia d i , Dak Lak) nam 2008-2009. Bao cao tinh hinh 5. J. M. Waller, M. Bigger, R, J. Hillocks, 2007, sau benh hai ca phe. Coffee pests, diseases and their management.
2. Nguyin Van Thudng (2006). Nhung dieu con \\^\^V.cabi.org.
it biet ve ve slu. Thong tin KHKT Nong Lam nghiep - 6. M. S. Moulds (1990). Australian cicadas. New Vien KHKT Nong Lam nghiep Tay Nguyen, sd 1, tr. South Wales, Po Box 1 Kensington NSW Australia 26-31, University press-1990.
3. Phan Qudc Sung (2007). Ve sau co gay hai 7, Ellen F, Sanborn (2009), Two species of tren cay c l phe hay khong, Bao Lam Ddng thu 2 cicadas from Vietnam ( Hemiptera: Cicadoidea:
ngay7/5/2007. Cicadidae), htt])://w\v\v, Sciencedii-ect,com/scien?
4, Pham Thi Vuong. Nguyin Thi Thuy, Le Xuan Ob=ArticleURL& udi=B8JJN-4WV15YR- Vi (2007). Tinh hinh ve slu hai ca phe va k i t q u i thu
COMPOSmON OF COFFEE CICADAS (HOMOPTERA; CICADIDAE) IN CENTRAL HIGHLAND TAY NGUYEN, VIET NAM AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF CONTROL
MEASURES
Pham Thi Vuong, Nguyen Thi Thuy Summary
Cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae) emerge with high density and have become serious pest on coffee since 2005 in main coffee areas of Central Highland, Tay Nguyen, Vietnam. Their damage situation has tended to increase year by year. It has been damaging thousands ha of coffee. There are 6 cicada species on coffee has been identified. Among them there are 3 species Dundubia nagarasagna, Pomponia daklakensis, and Purana pigmentata have was high density and severse damage on coffee. Each species has different emerge time of adult, such as species Dundubia nagarasagna was mainly active from March to May with vei-y high density, but the species Pomponia daklakensis, Purana pigmentata were mainly active from April to June, Nymphs is leaving in butt of coffee plant and concentrating maily at soil layer from 10-40 cm and 20-70 cm. All tested pesticides for controlling cicada nymphs have low efficiency, Polytrin was the most effective, its efficacy reached from 38,34% tn 56,12 % at 14 and 21 days after treatment, respectively, Vimetarzimm 95 DP at doses 250 and 500 gr was only from 19- 37% at 45 days after treatmented. Measures of nylon mulching and powdered lime should be used because of not pollutting environment and improving soil
Keywords: Cicada (Homoptera; Cicadidae), Dundubia nagarasagna, nylon mulching, Pomponia daklakensis, powdered lime, Purana pigmentata.
Ngudi phln bifen: GS.TS. HI Quang Himg
