*«n,J.Agh.Sci.2016,Vo..14,No.9:132^1330 Tap chiKH Nong r ^ Vie, N ^ 2016, tfip 14. sd 9:1323-1330
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www.vnua.edu.vn
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VbNB Bfii VA Tt U TAN6 Ttf NHIEN CUA LOAI NHEN NHO BAT MOI
Measeiulusloagispiaosusaans (ACARI: PHnOSEIIBAE) TREN CAC LOAI THflC AN
Lmmg Thj Huyin'*, Nguyin Thu Thu|n^ Nguyin Thj Tuylt Nhung^
Cao Van Chi^ Nguyen Van Dlnh^
'j^/ghient^ sinh Khoa Nong hpc, Hge vien Nong nghiep VietNam
» *H, f *"'» ^""8 hge, Hge vifn Nong nghi^ Vift Nam ' 5 * ^''""S t»m Nghien em vd Phdt triin Cdy ed miii
Email': [email protected]
Ngay gui bai: 08.03.2016 x,,^ . J . . „„
Ngay chap nhan: 07.10.2016
T C M T A T
^ng tfim Nghifin cuu vfi Phfit Win C f i T ^ m t xfi ^ 2 T l . ^ h' ^ ^ . ' ^ ' ' " ' ' * ' " ' " " ^ '^' "^"'^ " ^ " * ' dung Ifi thflc fin t^r nhifin bao gdm 6 lofirnhf^h^i <iv t ^ n r n h A " ^ i " . T ^ '^' " - ' " ' ^''° " ^ '^*- ^^^^^ ^ "
•In d6 hai chfim Tetranychus urticae nhf n a6 son Te ™ , T" "^^ ^" ^^' ' ^ "^^ '^ <^^ = * "'^'••
feae. nhfn 66 cam chanh Panonychosc*, 0 1 , ^ ^ 1 , ^ o ™ * ^ " " " ^ ' ""^^^ ^ ° " ^ " '=''^ O/go/iyc/it/s .vora. Thflc fin thay thfi gdm h a S f n kho- C a t l ^ " i ^ T f " V ' ' ' ' ' " ' * " ^ ' ^ ^^"^ ""^""-pfrcrfa
^ofe. Kit qufi nghifin cflu cho thfiy tai X i f n S d 6 27 5 T^'C ^ ^ T J ' ^ ^ " ' ' ' ' '^ P''^" '^"^ ^^""^
in binh thuerng tren 6 loai thu'c fin ti^ nhiSn t r i I H 1 I * ^ ^ ' ^ am d f 80 ± 5%, lofii N. longispinosus phfit ii N. longispiZus kh6ngtfi"thfinh v6ng d j ^fi c ^ t i S . t f A ^ ^ f ^ ^ " ' ' ° ' ' ""^ ''° ^' ''^" '°' «^i i cua con cfii lofii W. hngispinosusZtiZZln^^^^^tr J"^ ^ ^ " * '^^ ^ ' ^ " ' " ^ " ' '^^i Qian v6ng 6,56 ngfiy, nhfn do cam chan^P d ^ ^ t 6 59 „ ! ; nh* I " f " ^ - ' ^ 6.65 ngfiy, nhfn d6 son 7. cinnabarinus
^vipalpus.p. Ifi 7,47 ngfiy Vfi nhfn rfim vfing P S r a , ' 7 26 nofiv T ° """''".'^ ' • " ' "^'^^ "'^^^ ""^ " ^ ^
•g/sp,>,ost.s nu6i trfin nhfn dfi hafchfim 7 "rtfcae ^ 9 7 ? h l ^^A^' ^ T ^ . " ^ ^ ' ** '^ ' " " ^ ' ^ "'^'^" (^™) ^"« W.
anh P. citri Ifi 0.298, cao hon dfing k f i s o ^ r n u e f t l n h t ^ , - T L T " " ^ " " " ^ " ''•2'^^' "'^^" «* ^a'"
5v*,a/p.s sp. Ifi 0,199 Vfi nhfn rfim v f i n g P o / e t o J l t o l s g ^ °- " " " ^ ^ ' ' " ' ^ ^ ^ "''^^ " * " ' ' ' i Tfl kh6a: Nhfn nho bfit mdi Neoseiulus longispinosus. ty If tfing t^ nhien, thflc fin, vong den.
Life C y c l e a n d I n t r i n s i c Rate o f Natural I n c r e a s e o f t h e P r e d a t o r v Mito A I » „ . • , longispirtosus E v a n s ( A c a r i : P h y t o s e l i d a e ) R V a ^ ^ J S r e S t F ^ ; ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
ABSTRACT
The experiment on influences of different foods on the life cvcle and th» in.ri„ • . . .
Kiatory mite Neoseiulus tongispinosus Evans was conduct^ atthpti^^^J, f T^ "^"""'"' '"^'^^^^ °^"^^
i Development. Chuong My district, Hanoi city Thertura^foo^s w t ^ ° ^ ° ' '^ ^ ' ^ ^ ' ° ' ^^'^ f^^^^^^h .n, tea and citnises. They were two s p o t t e < ^ ' s p i d r m r 7 « ' I ' " ^ " " ^ '"^°^^°^' '"''^ ^P-ies on nabarinus: red spider mite on tea. Oligonychus Zeae SZTZT -l T"^ ^'^^^ ""^^^ ^^'^^"ychus
^vipalpus sp.. and dtnis rust mrte. PhylL^n^ ^ ^ ^ ' T ^ J ^ " ^ ^l^' ''^"""y'^us citri: Scarlet mite rpoglyphus lactis and Tyrophagus pLs,^nllZ7r^Zt>J^V,TT°T " ^ ' ^ * * " ' ' ° ^ ^ P™'^"'=' "^ites:
5±1°C,80±5%RH. the predate^ m i f ^ ^ X l o s l ' T " ^ ^ ^ ^ ' ^ ' f ° ' ^ - ^he results showed that, at
^e Of the predatory mite was no"! c o m p t ^ T t C o » X t " m ^ ^ " ' ' " ' ' " ^ ^ ' ""^"^'^ »^« " ^ /eloped to the protonymph stage. The life cycle o T t t i f p ^ a t o ^ mite f * f ^ ' ^ ' " ' ° " * " P°"^"' »^«V ""'V ne6ann.s. P dtri. O. coffeae. Brevipalpus sp, and P o f e ^ ^ was « 65 d ^ T « ^ '"^""^ ° " ^ ""^^^^^ ^ - a y s a n d 7 . 2 a d a y s . r e s p e c t i v . y . C o . e s p o n d i n g . y , . e l n t r s i - L T n ^ - , f ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
1323
Vdng d M vfi ty If taig t v nhien cua loai nhfn nhd bfit mdi Neoseiulus tongispinosus Evans (Acaii: Phytoseiida^ien cfic k>9 thiJrc an
was 0.2997, 0.2966 and 0.2980 when reared on 7. urtKae. T. cmnabarinus and P. dtri. respectively, signilicait|f higher than rearing on O. coffeae (0.244), Brevipalpus sp. (0.199) and P. oleivora (0.239).
Keywords: Nahaal foods, life cycle, Predatory mite Neoseiulus bngispinosus, the intrinsic rate of natural increase.
L D A T V A N D E
Ho Phytoseiidae la mot ho nhfn nhd bfit mdi (NNBM) quan trong nhfit trong cac loai nhfn hai cay trong ndng nghifp. NNBM cd kich thudc tUdng dUdng vdi nhfn hai cay trong, sdng tu do tren can, tren la, thfin cay vfi dfi't miin (Helle vfi SabeUs, 1985). Lofii NNBM Neoseiulus longispinosus Evans phan bd tai nhieu nudc vfi viing lanh thd thuoc chau A, chau Dai Dudng: Ai Cfip, An Do, Dfii Loan, Hfin Qua;, Hdng Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nga, Pakistan, PhUipin, Thai Lan, Trung Qudc, Uc (Moraes et al., 2004).
Trdn the gidi, NNBM N. longispinosus da dil(}c nghien ciitu vfi anh hudng cua cac mtic nhift df dfh stf phfit trien vfi gia tfing qufin t h i vdi thijic fin ch! lfi mdt lofii nhfn hai cay trdng nhu nhfn dd nfiu che O. coffeae (Rahman et al., 2013), nhfn dd son T. cinnabarinus (Lababidi, 1989) hay trong mft difu kifn nhift dd vfi thflc fin cd dinh nhu nhfn dd hai chfim T. urticae d nhift df 25 - 28°C (Ibrahim vfi Palacio, 1994);
nhfn dd cam chanh P. citri d 28°C (Fuspitarini, 2010). Deleon vfi Corpuz (2005) ciing da nghien cflu vfi thflc fin thay the nhu Tyrophagus putrescentiae, phfin hoa vfi trflng ciia cfic lofii nhfn hai (Tetranychus tnmcatus, Tetranychus kanzawai).
6 nudc ta, NNBM N. longispinosus la mdt lofii ban dia da dUcjc nghien cflu trong phdng chdng sinh hpc nhfn dd hai chfim T. urticae hai dfu dd d 30°C (Nguyin Dflc Tiing, 2009), hai bdng d 27,54°C (Mai Vfin Hfio, 2010), rau fin qua d 25, 30 vfi 35°C (Nguyin Thi PhUdng Thao vfi Nguyen Thi Hdng Van, 2013). Den nay chua cd nghidn cflu cu the ve anh hudng cua thflc Sn dfh si^ phfit triln vfi gia tfing qufin the cua NNBM, vifc nghien cflu de tim ra thflc fin phu hdp cho nhfin nudi tfip trung vfi phdng thich ra ngofii ddng rufng c6 y nghia rfi't ldn trong phdng chdng nhfn hai cay trdng ndi chung vfi nhfn do cam chanh P. citri ndi rieng. Bdi vfiy, miic tieu ciia
1324
nghien cflu la tim ra thflc an phii hdp nhfit ma NNBM N. longispinosus cd thdi gan vdng ddi ngfin, ty If gia tfing qufin thd ( r j cao de sU d^ng nhan nudi tap trung NNBM vdi so lUdng Idn.
2. VAT LIEU VA PHUONG P H A P 2.1. Vat lifu n g h i e n cdfu
Nhfn nhd bfit mdi Neoseiulus longispiDoam Evans;
Thflc fin tu nhien gdm nhfn dd hai chfm Tetranychus urticae, nhfn dd son Tetranychus cinnabarinus, nhfn dd nau chd Oligonychus coffeae, nhfn dd cam chanh Panonychus citri, nhfn dd tUdi Brevipalpus sp. vfi nhfn ram vfing Phyllcxoptruta oleivora;
Thflc fin thay the gdm hai lofii nhfn kho (Carpoglyphus lactis, Tyrophagus putrescentit^
vfi phfi'n hoa Typha latifoUa. I
#
2.2. Phifohig phfip n g h i g n cihi
2.2.1. Nb&n nuoi nguon abSn nbo bit moi N. longispinosus
Trdng cfiy ba bdt (Mallotus floribundii^
trong nhfi lUdi each ly cdn trflng vdi kfch thitdc 15 X 14 m, nhfi ludi dUOc each ly xung quanh bfing ludi nhd 1 x 1 mm. Cfit la bfinh te dft len mifing xdp trong khay nhUa dUdc each ly bfing mdt ldp nfldc. Sau dd tha 100 cfi t h i nhfn dd son T. cinnabarinus len tren la ba bdt, khi nhfn do son phat triln nhilu sfl dimg lfim thflc fin nuoi nguon lofii JV. longispinosus. Khay nudi nh^
thflc fin vfi bfit mdi dfldc dfit tren gia inox (11 0,6 X 1,2 m) rieng bift, bdn ehan dfit trong c4c
khay nUdc nhd de each ly. ' 2.2.2. NghiSn cvtu sif pb&t triin va ty H
tang tyfnhiSn ciia loii JV. longispinosas Nghien cflu sU phfit triln vfi ty If tfing W nhidn theo phUdng phap nudi ca t h i trong dil«
kifn dn dinh v l nhift dfi vfi fim df, thflc fin rt khdng gian Ifi khdng gidi ban (Birch, 1948). T8
^'^.
L^^-ng Thi Huy^n, Nguyfin Tbu TlMifin, Nguyfc TH Tuy^ Nhung, Cao Vfin CW, Nguyin Van Dinh
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Batss tels"'
cac scT hfu nghien cflu se lap dudc bang song ciia NNBM tren cac toai thflc fin, xac dinh d U * cac chl so sinh hoc Od ban cua nhfn nhd bfit mdi bao gom: fy If tfing tu nhien ( r j , he s^ nhan trong mot the hf ( l y , thdi gian cua mot thf he (T TJ gidi han gia tfing qufin t h i (X), va thdi gian nhan' doi qufin t h i (DT).
Nudi ca t h i duoc tifn hanh nudi ttr trflng dfn khi NNBM cfii chft sinh ly trong ldng nudi ca the Munger cai tifn. Ldng Munger cai tifn gom 6 ldp cd kich thudc bfing nhau 4 x 4 cm. Cac ldp dUde CO dinh hai ben bfing kep den 25 cm.
- Ldp tren ding la mfing phim trong day 0 15 cm, d gifla dUdc khoet 16 vdi dxlbag kinh 2,2 cm.'
- Ldp thfl 2 la tfim bdng kfnh d gifla dung kim cdn I r t n g cham 15 18 d l eho khdng khi luu thdng.
- Ldp thfl 3 lfi tfim mica den vdi kich thudc dfiy O^cm, d gifla duoc kho^t IS vdi dfldng kinh 2,0 cm.
- Ldp thfl 4 Ifi mifng la budi, Ifi ba hdt, la chd banh te Ifim thflc fin cho tflng lofii nhen hai mifng la thudng Ifiy phfa cudi la, tranh Ifiy phfin gfin lfi to.
- Ldp thfl 5 gdm 2 - 3 Idp gifiy thfim fim.
- Ldp cudi Cling lfi tfiln mica den dfiy 0,2 cm.
^ Trudc khi thf nghifm 8 gid, dfit mdt doan chl mfiu den vfio dao nuoi NNBM N.
longispinosus. Sau 8 gid nhfic chi d l thu tning
^fNBM dfnh vfio soi chi, rdi chuyin tflng trflng vfio trong ldng Munger cai tifn cd sfin tfl 3 - 5 trudng thfinh cfii cua 1 lofii nhfn hai cay trdng.
Hfing ngfiy theo doi dudi kfnh lup 1 lfin d l xfic djnh trflng nd, sfl chuyin tud'i nhd xac Idt, ty If sdhg sdt, ddng thdi bo sung nhfn thflc fin. Sau 3 ngfiy thay Idng nudi mdi. Khi NNBM chuyin sang tu^i 3 thi dua mot con due vfi mot con cai tnrdng thfinh cho ghfip ddL Hang ngay chuyin hft tofin hd trflng d u ^ de ra ngofii ldng di tranh anh hudng cua mfit df trflng dfn sflc sinh san vfi nudi rieng r§ mdi trflng trong 1 Idng cho dfn khi con cfii thf hf sau de qua trflng dfiu tien.
Chi tifiu theo doi: ngfiy trflng nd, ngfiy Ift xfic. ngfiy de qua trflng dfiu tien. so' trflng de trong 1 ngfiy, ngfiy chft sinh Iy_
2.2.3. Tinb toan va sit ly so lieu (Birch, 1948)
- Ty If tang tu nhien (r J : r„ = dN/N.dt Trong dd:
dN: so luong cua quan thi gia tang trong thdi gian dt.
N: so hrong cua qufin t h i ban dau.
- Hf so nhan ciia mdt the he (RJ:
R. = Zl..m.
Trong do: 1.: ty If song ciia cac tuoi x; m,:
sflc sinh san.
- Thdi gian ctia thf hf: T,,= 5>.l..myR„
Trong d6: x: ngfiy tud'i; T,: Tudi trung binh cua me khi de con, tfnh theo me.
- Thdi gian cua mdt the hf: T = 5>.l,.m,.e • "
Trong do T: Tuoi trung bmh cua me khi de con, tfnh theo con.
- Gidi han phat triln (X): X = e' - Thdi gian nhfin ddi qufin the (DT):
DT = hi(2)/r„
Sfl dung Microsoft Excel vfi IRRISTAT 5.0 di tfnh toan, so sanh vfi phan tfch cac chi s^
smh san, sinh hoc cua NNBM.
3. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1. Kft qua nghign cufu
Thdi gian cac pha phat due cua con cai loai N. longispinosus tren 6 loai thflc fin tU nhien la nhfn dd hai chfim T urticae, nhen dd son T.
cinnabarinus, nhfn dd cam chanh P citri, nhfn dd nau che O. coffeae, nhfn dd tUdi Brevipalpus sp. vfi nhfn ram vfing P oleivora duoc trinh bfiy 0 bang 1.
Kft qua bang 1 cho thfiy thdi gian trudc trUdng thanh cua con cai NNBM JV. longispinosus khi nudi tren nhfn dd hai ch&n lfi 4,97 ngfiy, nhdn do son lfi 4,82 ngfiy, nhfn dd cam chanh lfi 4 94 ng^y, khdng chenh Ifch nhau nhifu. Thdi gian trfl* trudng thfinh cua con cfii NNBM AT.
longispmosus dfii hon khi nuoi trtn nhdn dd nau chfi Ifi 5,25 ngfiy, nhfn dd tUOi lfi 5,29 ngfiy vfi dfii nhfit tren nhfn ram vfing lfi 5,45 ngfiy.
1325
^.J.'Lt.J\';'.-:ESOll.
Vong dM vfi ty If cfic k)^ thuc fin
e taig tv nhifin aia to* nhfn nhd bfit mdi Neoseiulus bngisphosus Evans (Acaii: Phytoseiidae) tr«n
Bang 1. Thdi gian p h a t t r i e n cua con cai NNBM JV. longispinosus n u o i t r e n nuoi t r e n 6 loai thfic a n ttf nhien (nhift do 27.5 ± 1°C, fim do 80 ± 5%)
r«n W
Ttwjcan T. urticae T. cinnabxinus P. ciri 0. coffeae Brevipa^nis sp.
P. oleivora LSDoK
34 34 32 32 34 31
Tning 1,29 ±0,08"
1.44 ± 0 . 1 0 * 1.44 ± 0 . 0 9 * 1.44 ± 0 . 0 9 * 1.62 ±0.08°
1.32±0,09' 0.24
Th£ri gian phat tridn Tudil 0.97 ±0.02"
1.18 ±0.07"
0.95 ± 0,05"
0,97 ± 0,02"
1.03 ±0.05*
0.94 ± 0.03*
0.11
cua con cii NNBM N. tong(spinosus(ngfiy) Tudi 2
1.06 ±0,05"
1.12 ±0.06*
0,95 ± 0,03' 1,31 ± 0.08°
1.09 ±0.05"
1.35 ±0.09°
0.1 B
Tudi 3 1.65 ±0,10°°
1,09 ±0.05"
1,59±0,11°°
1,53 ±0.11°
1,56 ±0,10°
i.84±o,or 0.26
Tru<>cTT 4.97 ±0,10*
482 ±0.15*
4.94 ± 0.06*
5,25 ±0,09°=
5,29 ±0.11' 5.45 ± 0.09"
0,30 Ciii cbii: n: Soca the tbeo doi; TT: Truing tbinb; Trong cUng mot cot, cac gia tri c6 cha cai theo sau giffng nhau thi khing kbic bi^t CO y nghia tbong keamUc dV
Bang 2. Thdi gian p h a t trien cua NNBM JV. longispinosus nuoi t r e n thOfc a n thay the (C. lactis va T. putrescentiae) va phafn hoa Typha (nhift do 27,5 ± 1°C, fim dp 80 ± 5%)
Ttn>cdn
Th&i gian phat triln cOa NNBM N. longispinosus (ng^y)
Tn>ng Tudil Tudi 2 Tudi 3
Tnjng T. putrescentiae Cdc pha T putrescentiae Tning C. lactis Cte pha C. lactis Phfin hoa Typha tSOam
52 50 55 49 48
1.96 ±0,08°
2.22 ± 0,08' 1.91 ±0.07°
2.20 ± 0.08' 1,54 ±0.08'
0.22
1.94 ±0.10°
2.14 ± 0 , 1 1 "
2,31 ± 0.08°
2,06 ±0,10'°
1.96 ±0,10"
0,27
0.07 ±0.04"
0.10 ±0,04' 0.16 ±0,05*
0.12
Ghi cbi: n: So ca thi tbeo doi: -: Khong pbit trien: Trong cOng mpt c6t. cic gii tried cbH cii tbeo sau giong nhau tbikhiag kbic bift c6 y nghia thing keamUc 5%.
Khfic vdi thflc fin tU nhien khi nuoi tren thflc fin thay the lfi hai lofii nhfn kho (C. lactis va T. putrescentiae) vfi phSh hoa thi NNBM JV.
longispinosus chi phfit triln dfn tudi 2 vfi khong cd cfi t h i phfit trien dfn tudi 3 (Bang 2).
Ket qua cho thay, khi nuoi NNBM N.
longispinosus vdi thflc fin lfi trflng T.
putrescentiae, cfie pha T. putrescentiae, trflng C. lactis, cfic pha C. lactis vfi phfih hoa Typha c6 thdi gian phat triln cua triing lan lUdt lfi 1,96;
2.22; 1.91: 2.20 vfi 1,54 ngfiy. NNBM phat trien dfn tuoi 2 vdi thflc fin la trflng T. putrescentiae (0,07 ngay), cfic pha T. putrescentiae (0,10 ngfiy), trflng C lactis (0,16 ngfiy). Vdi thflc an la cac pha C. lactis vfi phan hoa Typha, khdng cd cfi t h i NXBM nfio phat trien den tudi 2.
1.326
Qua ket qua bang 1 vfi 2 cho thfiy NNBM JV. longispinosus chi phat triln khi nudi bfing thflc fin la nhen hai cay trdng ddng rudng, cdn vdi thflc fin thay the la nhfn hai kho vfi phfa hoa chiing kh6ng t h i hofin thfinh vdng ddi.
Thdi gian de trflng, vdng ddi vfi sflc sinh san cua con cai NNBM JV. longispinosus vdi thflc Sn Ifi 6 lofii nhen hai tU nhien dfldc trinh bfiy i bang 3.
Thdi gian vdng ddi ciia con cai NNBM X longispinosus vdi thilc fin la 3 loai nhfn dd hai chfim, nhfn do son va nhfn dd cam chanh lin Ifldt Ifi 6,65; 6,56; 6,59 ngay vfi khdng ed si;! .-^n khac cd y nghia. Tuong til, vdi ba loai thflc an cdn lai thi thdi gian vdng ddi cua con cai NNBM Cling khdng cd sfl sai khac co y nghia nhflng diii
LiATng Thi Huydn, Nguyin Thu Thufin, Nguyin TW Tuyft Nhung, Cao Van Chi, Nguyin Vfin Drnh
hdn dang k l so vdi 3 loai k l tren. Cu t h i thdi gian vdng ddi cua con cai NNBM vdi thflc an la nhfn dd nau chd Ifi 7,41 ngfiy, nhen dd tuoi la 7,47 ngfiy, nhfn ram vfing la 7,26 ngay.
Ddi cua NNBM song dfii nhfit khi nuoi tren nhfn do tuoi la 31,85 ngfiy; sau dd dfn nhen dd cam chanh la 24,50 ngay, nhfn dd son la 23 97 ngay nhen dd nau che lfi 23,28 ngay, nhen dd hai chfim la 22,53 ngay vfi ngfin nhfit khi'nudi tren nhen ram vang la 21,32 i^fiy. Sf triing trung binh cua con cai NNBM N. longispinosus
cao nhfit nudi bfing nhfn do son la 32,09 qua;
sau dd deh nhfn dd hai chfiin, nhen dd cam chanh, nhfn dd tuoi, nhfn dd nau che Ifin luot lfi 29,32; 28,97; 25,74; 25,09 qua vfi thfip nhfi^t la nhfn ram vang chi dat 20,87 qua.
Tii ket qua theo doi hang ngay, ty If sdng sdt (Ix) vfi sflc sinh san (mx) cua con cai NNBM tren tiing loai thfle an dUdc trinh hay tai hmh I va tfl ket qua tfnh toan hang sdhg flife table), cac chi so sinh hoc cua con cai NNBM JV.
longispinosus dflOc trinh bfiy d bang 4.
f Z t ^ ^ ^ " ^ ' * ' ^ ^ ' " ° ° ^ ' ' * ' ' ^^ ^°«^y> - ^ - - " h - ° - a con cai NNBM
Thiic an r. urticae T. cinnabarinus P. CiM O. coffeae Brevipalpus sp.
P. oleivora 1-SDo.os
34 34 32 32 34 31
Thoi gian theo ddi cua con ca NNBM N. longispinosus (ngiy) Jn^ai Sana* Oe tning
1,68 ±0,12*
1.74±0,11*
1,66 ±0,09"
2,16 ±0,10°
2,18 ±0.08°
1,81 ±0.12"
0,2S
4,24 ± 0,48°
4,44 ± 0,62°
5,97 ± 0,51' 3,91 ± 0,30°°
4,35 ± 0,45°
2,74 ± 0,28' 1.27
11.65 ±0.22"
12,97 ± 0,78°
11,94 ± 0 , 2 8 * 11,97 ± 0 . 2 1 * 20.03 ± 0.48' 11.32 ±0,34"
1,23
vang dm 6.65 ±0,15"
6.56 ± 0,20"
6.59 ±0,11"
7.41 ±0,14 7.47 ±0.12°
7,26 ±0,14°
0.41
Bin
Tning/con cfii (qua) 22,53 ± 0,48*
23.97 ±1,05"
24,50 ± 0,49' 23,28 ± 0,37°°
31.85 ± 0,34"
21,32 ± 0.38"
1.64
29.32 ±1,10°
32,09 ±1,76' 28,97 ± 0,83°
25,09 ± 0,65°
25,74 ±1,39°
20,87 ± 0,62 3,23
Ox)P.cUn
> (Ix)T.urticae
*• (IxJT.cinnabarinus
• (lx)0.coffeae -—^ (lx)Brevipalptts sp.
*• (IxJP.oieivora (mx)P.citri (mx)T.urticae (mx)T.cinnabahnus (mx)0.coffeae (mx)Brevipa^us sp.
(mx)P.oleivora 1 3 5 7 9 1! 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35
Ngiy tudi (x)
Hinh 1 . 1 ^ If scTng sot (Ix) va s*c sinh san (mx) cua con cai NNBM JV. longispinosus nuoi tren 6 loai th&c an ttf nhien
1327
Vdngaerivfitylftaigti/nhifinaialoanhfnnhdbamdi Nfeosewfas forigi^ffidsus 6\raris (/tean: Wiyibseiiaae) trfin cfic k>ai thirc fin
Bang 4. Cac chi so sinh hoc cua NNBM A. longispinosus nuoi t r e n 6 loai thufc a n ttf nhiSn (nhiet dp 27.5 ± 1°C, fim do 85 ± 5%)
Thiic an T. urticae T. cinnabarinus P. ciri 0. coffeae Brevipa^ius sp.
P. oleivora LSDnos
Ro 20.42 ± 0.78' 23.70 ± 1,30"
19.86 ± CSS"
17.28 ± 0.45°
16.94 ± 0.92°
1434 ± 0.42*
Z30
Chi sd sinh hoc cua con K
1,35 ± 0.007*
1.35 ± 0.013°
1.35±0.007' 1.28 ±0,005°
1.22 ±0.005"
1.27 ±0.005°
0.02
Te 11,28 ±0.18"
11,91 ± 0 , 2 8 * 11,25 ±0.17"
12.94 ±0.16' 17,32 ± 0,34"
12,40 ± 0.22"
0,66
cai NNBM N. longispinosus T
10.06 ±0.16"
10.66 ± 0.27°
10.04 ±0.15' 11,68 ±0,16' 14,04 ± 0,22"
11.14 ±0,20"
0,55
DT 2,33 ± 0,04"
2.43 ± 0,09"
2.34 ± 0.04' 2.86 ± 0.05°
3.53 ± 0.07*
2,92 ± 0.05°
0.»6
Tm
0.2997 ± COOS' 0.2966 ± 0,009°
0.298 ± 0.005*
0,244 ± 0,004' 0.199 ± 0.004' 0,239 ±0,004'
0,016 Ghi cbii: H# so nhin cua mot tb^bi tR J: Gidi ban gia ting quin tb4 (!}; Hidi gian cua mdt thg hi (T.TJ: Tbdi gian nhin da quin tbi (DT): Ty If ting tti nhien (rj. Trong dag mdt cot. cic gii tried cbd cii theo sa u gid'ng nhau thi khdng khic bift cd) nghia tbdng ke d mUc 5%.
Nhin vfio hinh 1 cho thay ty If song sdt (be) ciia con cai NNBM N. longispinosus duy tri
100% den ngfiy thfl 17 dfi vdi thflc fin Ifi nhfn dd hai chfim, ngfiy thfl 13 ddi vdi nhfn dd son, ngfiy thfl 20 vdi nhfn dd cam chanh, ngfiy thfl 18 vdi nhfn dd nfiu che. ngfiy thfl 26 vdi nhfn dd tuoi vfi ngfiy thfl 15 vdi nhfn rfim vfing. Tuong ti^, vdi sflc sinh san (mx) ciia con cfii NNBM cao nhfi't trong 1 ngfiy thu duoc doi vdi thflc fin lfi nhfn dd son (3,54). sau do dfn nhfn hai chfim (2.99). nhfn dd cam chanh (2,41), nhfn dd nfiu chd (1,66), nhfn ram vfing (1,59) vfi thfi'p nhfi't lfi nhfn dd tUdi (1,05).
Qua bang 4 cho thfi'y NNBM N.
longispino.ms cd ty le tfing tu nhien (rj cao nhfi't khi nudi trdn nhen dd hai chfim lfi 0,2997, sau d6 den nhfn dd cam chanh lfi 0,298 va nhfn dd son Ifi 0.2996 nhUng chenh Ifch nhau khong dang k l vfi cao hdn hfin khi nudi bfing nhfn do nfiu chd lfi 0,244, nhen ram vfing lfi 0,239 vfi thfi'p nhfi't lfi tren nhfn dd tuoi la 0,199. Hf sf nhfin cua mft the hf (R„) cua NNBM khi nudi tren 6 l o ^ thflc fin t4 nhien deu c6 sU sai khfic c6 i nghia. Hf sf nhan cua mdt thf he dfii nhfi't khi nudi bfing nhfn dd son (23,70), sau do dfn nhfn dd hai chfim (20,42), nhfn dd cam chanh (19.86). nhfn dd nfiu che (17,28), nhfn dd tUdi (16,94) vfi thfi'p nhfi't lfi nhfn rfim vfing (14,34).
3.2. Thao luan
NNBM N. longispinosus (ten khac .4m6ivseiu/us longispinosus) lfi loai thien dich 1328
phd bien d nUdc ta vfi nhieu nfldc trong vdng.
Kft qua nudi sinh hoc cho thfiy chiing phat triln vfi hoan thfinh vdng ddi tren tfit ca 6 lofii nhfn hai cfiy trdng la nhflng thflc fin tfl nhidn sfin cd tren ddng rudng. Ket qua nudi NNBM N.
longispinosus bfing 2 lofii nhfn kho (C. lactis vk T. putrescentiae) vfi phfih hoa Typha, chflng chi phat triln dfh tudi 1 vfi sang tudi 2 lfi chdt, phfi hdp vdi nghidn cflu cua Deleon vfi Corpuz (2005) vdi thflc fin chi cd trflng T. putrescentiae thi NNBM A. longispinosus chi sdng 2,56 ngfiy vi tren phfi'n hoa Ifi 2,00 ngay, khdng cd ca thi nfio phat triln dfh tudi 2. Ket qua tren day cho thfiy lofii NNBM JV. longispinosus thudc nhdm (type) II chl fin thflc fin tu nhien, khdng fin cfic lo?i thflc fin thay thf vfi thflc fin nhan t^o theo nhU xep hang cua McMurtry et al. (2013).
Vdi cflng loai thflc fin nhUng dieu kifn thf nghifm khac nhau nen cac chi tieu theo doi ciia NNBM JV. longispinosus cung cd sfl chdnh Ifch gifla cac nghien cflu.
Thdi gian vdng ddi cua NNBM N.
longispinosus khi nudi tren nhfn dd hai chfiin trong nghien cflu nfiy Ifi 6,65 ngfiy, xfi'p xi vdi nghien cflu cua Mai Vfin Hfio (2010) (6,77 ngfiy) d nhift do 27,54''C, fim dd 72,71%; cao hdn 0,77 ngfiy so vdi nghien cflu cua Nguyin Thi PhUdng Thao vfi Nguyen Thi Hong Vfin (2013) (5,88 ngay) d nhift do 30°C.
Sd trflng/con cai ciia NNBM vdi thflc Sn 14 nhfn dd hai chfim trong nghidn cflu nfiy lfi 29,32 qua, thfi'p hdn 6,28 qua so vdi nghidn cflu cua
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B a n g 5. Cac chi so s i n h h o c c u a n h e n n h o bfit m^i A. longispinosus (tbeo cae ngbien evlu)
Cfic chi s6 sinh hoc cua NNBM W. tong^MMSos
Vfin Wnh
Ngudn 10,06 11,28 a33 Nghien a i u nfiy 10.66 11,91 2.43
10.04 11.25 2.34 11.68 12,94 2.86 14.04 17.32 3.53 11.14 12.40 2.92
^•°° 1-'0 Ibrahiinva Palacio (1994) 12.178 2 55 Nguyin Oiic Tung (2009)
13'25 Mai VSn Hfio (2010) N»iy4n Thi Phuong Thfio vfi Nguydn Thj HAng Van (2013) Puspitarini (2010) 3.20 Rahman etal (2013)
Nguyin Thi Phuong Thao vfi Nguyin Thi
^ Hdng Van (2013) (35,6 qua) d dieu kien nhidt dd ,_30'C vfi 13,98 qua so vdi nghien cflu cua
„ „ « " ' " ' ' " " ''^ ^^^^"° (^^'») W3,3 qua) d nhiet dd tA&^T^; "^^ *"*" *" '* " ' ' ^ " ^° ^" ^ trflng/con M I '"* ^ ^ ^ ^ '* ^^'°^ ''"^' "'^'P h''" 16.71 qua
so VOI nghien cflu cua Lababidi (1989) (48,8 qua)
^'d nhift do 25"C. Khi nudi bfing nhen dd cam ta^'chanh, NNBM de duoc 28,97 qua, cao hon 3,07 - qua so vdi nghien cflu cua Puspitarini (2010) m§:H25.90 qua) d nhift df 28°C, fi"m df 85%. Vdi liaiilmthflc fin lfi nhfn dd nfiu ehe, NNBM de 25,09 liiiisqua, trong khi dd d nghien cflu cua Rahman et
al (2013) chung de duoc 60,90 qufi d difu kifn jj ^ ^ h i f t df 30 C. fim do 75 ± 10%. cao hdn rfi't
^ p n h i e u so vdi ket qua cua chiing tdL
;; :• Trong nghidn cflu cua chung toi, ty le tfing ,:, ,.-»u nhien (r„) cua NNBM .V longispinosus khi
^.^xnudi bfing nhfn dd hai chfi'm, nhfn dd son, nhfn
^Hfcam chanh lfin luot lfi 0.2997: 0,2966: 0,298.
, If. Trong khi do cflng nuoi bfing nhfn dd hai chfi'm.
nghidn cflu cua Ibrahim vfi Palacio (1994) lfi .,,s0.40, Nguyen Dflc Tflng (2009) lfi 0,2719, Mai
^y A'fin Hao (2010) lfi 0.287, N^^uyln Thi Phuong
Thao va Nguyin Thi Hdng Van (2013) la 0,204.
Khi nuoi bfing nhfn dd cam chanh, ty le tfing tu nhien cfla NNBM trong nghien cflu cua Puspitarini (2010) Ifi 0.255; nhfn dd nfiu chfi trong nghien cflu cua Rahman et al. (2013) lfi 0,268. Vfi cac chi tieu sinh hoc khfie duoc trinh bay d bang 5.
4 . K E T L U A . \
NNBM .V. longispinosus hoan thanh vdng ddi khi nuoi tren 6 lofii nhfn hai cay trdng Ifi nhfn dd hai chfi'm T urticae, nhen dd son T.
cinnabarinus, nhfn dd cam chanh P. citri, nhen do nfiu che O. coffeae, nhfn dd tuoi Brevipalpus sp.. nhfn ram vang P oleivora. Chung khdng hoan thanh vong ddi khi duoc nuoi bfing thflc fin thay thf la nhfn kho tC. lactis vfi T putrescentiae) vfi phah hoa Typha.
Thdi gian vong ddi cua con cai NNBM V longispinosus nuoi tren nhfn dd hai chfim, nhen do son. nhfn do cam chanh lfin ludt la 6 65 ngfiy 6.06 ngfiy vfi 6.59 ngfiy, trong khi dd thdi gian vong ddi cua chung nuoi tr«n nhen dd nau chfi
1329
V6ng doi vfi ty If tfing t i / nhifin oia toai nhfn nhd b f l mdi cfic loai thuc fin
nhfn dd tuoi vfi nhfn ram vang dfii hon hfin, tuong flng la 7.41 ngfiy; 7.47 ngay vfi 7.26 ngfiy.
Sd trCtng de tanmg binh ciia mdt con cai NNBM .V. longispinosus nuoi tren nhfn do hai chfim, nhfn dd son, nhfn dd cam chanh, nhfn dd nau chfi. nhfn dd tuoi va nhfn rfim vfing tuOng flng la 29.32: 32,09; 28,97; 25,09; 25.74 vfi 20.87 qua.
Ty If tfing tfl nhien ( r j cua NNB.M .V.
longispinosus cai nuoi tren nhfn dd hai chfim, nhfn dd son, nhen dd cam chanh, nhfn dd nau chd, nhfn dd tuoi vfi nhfn ram vang tUdng fliig lfi 0,2997: 0,2966; 0.298; 0.244: 0.199 va 0,239.
NNBM .V. longispinosus nuoi tren 3 lofii nhfn hai lfi nhfn dd hai chfi'm, nhfn dd son vfi nhfn dd cam chanh c6 ty If tfing tU nhien cao nha't, cao hdn hfin 3 lofii cdn lai. Nhiing loai nhen hai cfiy trdng nfiy ed t h i dfldc sfl dung d l nhfin nudi NNBM trong phong chfng cfic lofii nhfn hai tren cfiy c6 miii vfi tren cfiy chd.
Ldi CAM ON
C h u n g tdi xin chfin thfinh c a m On Bd mdn Cdn triing, Khoa Nong hgc, Hgc vifn Nong nghifp Vift N a m vfi T r u n g t a m Nghidn cflu vfi Phfit t r i l n Cfiy cd mui, Vifn Nghien cflu R a u qua da giflp dd vfi t a o difu kifn d l chiing tdi hofin thfinh nghi§n cflu nfiy.
TAI LifiU T H A M K H A O
Birch. L.C. (1948). The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. Joumal of Animal Ecology, 17: 15-26.
Deleon and Corpuz (2005). Survival, Consumption and Reproduction of Amblyseius longinspinosus (EvansXAcari: Phytoseiidae) on Various Food Items and Its Comparative Biology on two Species of Spider Mites. The Philippine Agricultural Scientist, 88(1): 7 2 - 7 7 .
Helle, W. and M.W. Sabelis (1985). Spider mites, Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Craitrol. World Crop Pests, Vol.IB, ISBN 0 - 444 - 42374 - 5.
Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
Neoseiulus bngispinosus cvans tncan:
Ibrahim, Y.B. and V.B. Palacio (1994). Life history^
demography of the predatory mite. .AmWysaBs longispinosus Evans. Joumal Experimental i .Applied Acarology, 18(6): 361 - 369.
Lababidi, M.S. (1989). Development, life span. fecin%
and sex ratio of the predatory mite Amfalyseus longispinosus(Evans) with Tetranychus cinnataite (Boisd.) as prey. German: Indicator for customer pea, crop protection, environmental protection, 62(11
14-18.
Mai Vfin Hao (2010). Nghi&i cuu bien phap quan ly tdng hgp nhfn do hai cham Telrartychtis urHcai Koch hai bong vu ddng xuan tai Nam Trung BQ.
Lufn an Tiln sT Nong nghifp, Dai hpc Nong nghiep Ha Noi.
McMurtry, J.A., G.J.D. Moraes and N.F. Sourassw (2013). Revision of the lifestyles of phytosad mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and implications fer biological control strategies. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 18(4): 297 - 320.
Moraes, G.J.d., P.C. Lopes and L.C.P. Femaado (2004). Phytoseiid Mites (Acari: PhytoseiidaeXof Coconut Growing Areas in Sri Lanka, wiih Descriptions of Three New Species. J.Acarol. Soc.
Jpn.. 13(2): 141 - 160. j Puspitarini, R.D. (2010). The Biology and Life Table of
Predator Mite Amblyseius longispinosus Evans (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Agriculture Faculty, Brawijaya University. Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia. The 8"" Intemational Sympositim on Biocontrol and Biotechnology.
Rahman, V.J., A. Babu, A. Roobakkumar and K.
Perumalsamy (2013). Life table and predation of Neoseiulus longispinosus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Oligonychus coffeae (Acari: Tetranychidae) infesting tea. Experimental and Applied Acarology, ISSN 0168-8162,60: 229 - 240.
Nguyin Thj Phuong Thfio vfi Nguyin Thj Hong Vai (2013). Anh huong ciia cfic nguSng nhi?t df leii dfic diem sinh hgc vfi bfing sdng ciia lofii bA Ul moi Amblyseius longispinosus (Acari:
Phytoseiidae). Tap chi Sinh hgc, 35(2): 169 -177.
Nguyen Due Tiing (2009). Nghien ciiu djc d i ^ sink vft hpc vfi khfi nfing khdng chl nhfn hai diin Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidil ciia nhfn bit mdi Neoseiulus longispinosus (Ev«n«) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Hfi nghj khoa hgc toin qui vl sinh hgc vfi tfii nguygn sinh vft iSn thir 3, ir.
1745-1750.
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