X U LY CHAT K I C H T H I C H SIIMH TRUOIMG V A V I LUOIMG T R U i l C T H U H O A C H D E CAI THIEIM CHAT LUOIMG V A
T U O I T H O B A O QUAlM IMHAIM HUOIMG CHI
Nguydn Thj Bich Thiiy^
T6MTAT
Nghien cuu dupe tien hanh tren gidng nhan Huong Chi voi mue dich tim hieu anh hudng cua vi^c xir ly chat kich thich sinh truong va vi lugng den chat luong va tuoi tho bao quan cua qua nhan. Nhan sir dung cho thi nghiem dupe thu hoaeh trfen nhung cay da duoc xir ly che pham Kiviva - la hon hgp chat kich thich sinh trudng thuc vat (GA-j) va vi lugng (B, Mg, Mn) theo quy trinh phun 4 lan vao cac thai diem nhan nd hoa rp, qua moi hinh thanh (nong dp 25 ppm), qua dang phat trien va truoc thu hoaeh 2 tuan (50 ppm) va cay nhan ddi chiing, sau do bao quan d nhiet do thuong va 5°C. Ket qua cho thay xir ly Kiviva truoc thu hoaeh da duy tri dupe chat luong va keo dai tuoi thp bao quan cua qua nhan thong qua vi^c han che hao hut khdi lupng tu nhifen, lam cham qua trinh bien ddi ham luong chat kho h6a tan, ham lupng dubng tong sd va vitamin C, dong thai giam ban ty le thoi hong cua qua sau thoi gian bao quan.
Tir kh6a: Nhan, Kiviva, GA^ bo, magii, mangan, bao quan.
I. DAT VAN DE
Nhan {Dimocarpus longan Lour.) loai qua cd gii tri dinh duong vi gii tri kinh td eao. Do ciy dd trdng, tudi thp eao, it mic cic benh nguy hiem, cho ning suat eao, thu nhap khi ndn ciy nhan rat dupe ndng dan ua chudng. Vi vay nhan da trd thanh mdt trong nhirng ciy an qua chiem gitr vi tri quan trpng trong vide ehuydn ddi ea cau ciy trdng ndng nghidp, gdp phan tich cue trong vide lim phong phu vi da dang hoa san pham hing hoi, tic ddng tich cue tdi vide ehuyen ddi ea cau kinh te nong nghidp ndng thdn. Khi dien tich trdng nhan cung nhu sin lupng nhan d Vidt Nam tang rat nhanh trong nhimg nim gan day thi van de tieu thu loai san pham niy cung trd nen khd khin hon. Do thdi vu thu hoaeh nhan khi tip trung vi ddn dip, neu khdng ed phuong phap bao quan phii hop, qua nhin nhanh chdng bi mat nude, khd vd vi vd qua bi tham niu sau khi thu hoaeh (Siriphanieh vi cdng sir, 1999; Lm vi cdng su, 2001). Sir suy giam nhanh chdng gii tri dmh duong va cam quan lim giam dang ke gii tri thuong pham eua qua. Giai quyet nhirng khd khin tren li mdt ydu cau cap bich cua cic viing san xuat nhan tap trung nhim ning eao thu nhap. on dinh ddi sdng ndng din.
Chat lupng vi thdi gian bao quan eae loai qui ndi ehung eiing nhu bao quan nhan ndi ridng khdng ehi phu thudc vio cic yeu td sau thu hoaeh nhu dp chin, cic bidn ddi sUih ly, hda sinh cung nhu cic
'Khoa Cong ngh? Th^rc pham, Trudng D?! hpc Nong nghi?p Ha Npi
phuong phip vi didu kidn bao quan m i edn phu thudc rat Idn vio eae bidn phip ky thuat tie ddng tren ciy trdng d giai doan trude thu hoaeh. khien cho cic die didm eua qua dupe cii thidn. cac bien ddi sinh ly. hda smh dup^ didu chinh. lim tidn de tdt cho cdng tic bao quan. Trong cic bidn phip ky thuat, vide dieu khien cic qui trmh sinh trudng, phit tridn ciy trdng thdng qua ip dung chat didu hda suih trudng ngoai sinh vi bd sung mdt lupng dinh duong phii hpp cho ciy trdng vio nhirng thdi didm can thiet di dupe ehung mmh li ed kdt qui tdt. Chat kich thich sinh trudng (KTST) vi chat khoing vi lupng bd sung cho ciy trdng nhim cai thidn khi ning bao quan da thu dupe nhirng kdt qua kha quan trdn mdt sd loai qua nhu sa ry (Looney vi Lidster. 1980), cam (Grierson vi cong su, 1986). tao (Wang vi Stephens, 1987). dio (ZUkah vi cdng sir. 1997)...
Khi xu ly chat kich thich smh trudng vi vi lupng trude thu hoaeh Idn ciy nhin Huong Chi thi d i cd tic dpng tich cue trong vi^c cai thidn ning suat vi chat lupng qua (Nguydn Thj Bich Thuy vi cdng su. 2(X)6).
Nghidn cim niy tidp tuc xic dinh inh hudng eua chat kich thich sinh trudng vi vi lupng xu ly trude thu hoaeh den chat lupng vi tudi thp cua qua nhin Huong Chi trong thdi gian bio quin.
L VAT UBI VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU
1. Vit Udu, phuong phip nghi6n cuu
Thi nghiem su dung qui nhan Huong Chi dupe thu hoaeh trdn nhirng ciy ed eiing dd tudi 8 den 9 nim, dupe trdng tai vudn tip doin nhin - Vidn Nghidn ciru Rau qua, nhung ed ehd dd dinh duong trude thu hoaeh khie nhau. Nhirng eay nhan ddi chimg (DC)
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 6/2011
29
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
ehi dupe cham sdc theo qui trinh binh thudng (bdn day du N, P, K theo qui dinh), trong khi nhimg cay thi nghidm (TN) dupe bd sung them che pham Kiviva trong sudt qua trinh smh trudng vi phat trien cua qua.
Che pham Kiviva bao gdm chat kich thich sinh trudng thuc vit vi vi lupng d dang bdt. la che pham thir nghiem dupe san xuat tai Bd mdn Cdng nghd Sau thu hoaeh - Khoa Cdng nghd Thue pham - Trudng DH Nong nghiep - Ha Ndi. Trong 1 gdi che pham 3 gam ed ehua 0,5 g chat kich thich sinh trudng thuc vat (GA3) va 2,5 g chat khoang vi lupng B, Mg, Mn,... Che pham da dupe dimg de xir ly theo quy trinh phun 4 lan vio cic thdi diem nhan nd hoa rd, qua mdi hinh thanh vdi ndng dd 25 ppm vi phun len qua dang phat trien vi trude thu hoaeh 2 tuan vdi ndng dd 50 ppm.
Khi da dat den dd chin (vd ehuyen sang miu niu sang pha ving, mdng vi nhin, qua mem, eiii ed vi tham, hat cd mau den hoin toan), qua nhin eiia hai nhdm ciy DC va TN dupe cat theo chiim bang keo ehuydn diing, xep vio spt tre ed Idt li de van ehuyen ve phdng thi nghidm trong thdi gian ngin nhat. Sau dd nhan dupe phan loai va lira chpn de loai bd nhirng qua sau thdi, dap, nirt rdi budc thanh ehiim vi cho vio tiii PE diy 0,03 mm. Mdi tiii cd khdi lupng 1 kg.
Thi nghidm dupe bd tri nhu sau:
Cdng thire D C l TNI DC 2 TN2
Xir ly Kiviva trude thu hoaeh
Khdng Cd Khdng
Cd
Nhidt dp bao quan
32 32 5 5
Sd lan lip lai
3 3 3 3
0.5
^ 0.4
H 0-3
X 0.2
!- 0.1
•DC1-32C
•Kiviva-32C
0.39
0.35
0 2 4 Thdi gian bao quan (ngiy)
Tien hanh lay mau dinh ky 2 ngiy mdt lan ddi vdi nhan bao quan d nhiet dp tiiudng vi 7 ngay mot lan ddi vdi nhin bao quan d 5°C. Mdi cdng thue lay mau 30 qui. Miu niy diing dd do mau vi phin tich cic ehi tidu hoi sinh.
2. Cic chi tidu nghidn ciiu
Xac dinh hao hut khdi lupng tu nhien bang phuong phip can khdi lupng qua, sir dung ein dien tir cd dd chinh xic 0,001 g. Ty le thdi hdng tinh tiieo phan trim sd qua hdng tren tdng sd qua dua vao thi nghidm.
Xac dinh him lupng chat khd hda tan bang chiet quang ke cam tay ATAGO - Nhat Ban; dudng tdng sd bang may do quang phd theo phuong phap cua Nguyen Van Miii, 2001; ham lupng vitamin C bing phuong phap chuan dd idt 0,01 N.
Phuong phip xir ly sd lidu bing chuong ti-inh Excel vi xu ly thdng kd bing chuong trinh Minitab.
So sinh gii tri trung bmh eua cic cong thue thi nghiem bing phep phan tich ANOVA
UL KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
1. Anh hudng cua ch^t kich thich sinh trudng vi vi lupng xir ly trude thu hoaeh ddn su hao hut khdi lugmg tu nhidn ciia qua nhin tuoi trong qui trinh bao quan
Hao hut khdi lupng tir nhidn la hien tupng khdng the tranh khdi trong qui trinh bao quan eua rau qua tuoi. Cd hai nguyen nhan din den sir hao hut niy la sir thoat hoi nude sin cd trong qua nhan tuoi ra mdi trudng (sir hao hut vat ly) vi qui trinh hd hap (hao hut sinh hpc) ddu lim giam chat lupng eua qua.
Hinh 1. Ty Id hao hut khdi \\xqmg tu nhifin ciia nhin bao quan or nhidt dd thudng
5
^ 4
HHKLTN
la-
•>>
^ 1
0
—•—DC2-5C -»-Kiviva-5C
0 7 14 Thdi gian bio quin
21 (ngiy)
4.06
3.47
28
Hinh 2. T^ 1$ hao hyt khdi lugmg txf nhidn ciia nhin bao quan b nhi^t dd t h ^
Qua hinh 1 vi 2 ed thd nhan thay sir hao hut khdi lupng tu nhien cd xu hudng ting len trong qui trinh bao quan nhan d tat ca cac cdng thirc thi nghiem, trong ea hai dieu kien bao quan. Ddi vdi nhan dupe bao quan d nhiet dp phdng (32"C), sau 4 ngiy bio quan thi hao hut khdi lupng tu nhien cua nhan TN thap hon nhan DC, tuong img li 0,39 vi 0,35 {P<0,05). Ddi vdi nhin dupe bao quan d nhiet dp thap (5°C), sir bien ddng ve hao hut khdi lupng tu nhien eua ea hai cdng thiic sau nhimg tuan bao quan cd khac nhau. Neu nhu nhan TN cd sir hao hut khdi lupng cao hon nhan DC d hai tuan dau tien, thi lai giam thap hon so vdi DC d hai tuan tidp theo. Trong khi dd, khdi lupng eiia nhan DC lai tang nhe sau tuan dau rdi mdi giam di d tuan sau dd. Sir khae biet ro ret nhat ve hao hut khdi lupng eua hai cdng thue the hien ro d tuan thir tu. Kdt qua la nhan TN hi hao hut 3,47% trong sudt 4 tuan bao quan trong khi eon sd hao hut d nhan DC la 4,06%, giam hon so vdi nhan DC li 0,59%.
Sir hao hut khdi lupng tu nhiSn ciia rau qui trong bao quan phu thude vio nhidu yeu td ndi tai va ngoai canh nhu: Cau tao vi trang thii md bi bao \t, mire dp hio nude ciia he keo trong td bio, dp chin thu hai, dae diem va mire dd dap ea hpc, dd am vi nhiet dd mdi trudng xung quanh, tdc dd luan ehuyen ciia khdng khi, thinh phan khi quyen bao quan, phuong phap bao gdi, thdi han tdn trir,... Nhin bio
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
•DC1-32C
•Kiviva -32C
63.6
0 2 4 TMx gian bao quin (ngiy)
quin thudng bi mat nude nhanh chdng mic dii vd qua khong cd nhieu khi khdng hay Id vd, khien cho mau ma qua trd ndn kdm hap din chi sau 3-4 ngay sau khi thu hoaeh (Su vi Yang, 1996; Jiang vi Li, 2001). Vi vay cau tnie vi dp diy vd qua nhin that su ed y nghia trong vide han ehd su thoat hoi nude ciia qua. Vd qua nhan cau tnie chu yeu tir xenluloza cd tic dung bao v^. Nhung sau thu hoaeh. xenluloza trong vd se bi ehuyen hda dudi tie dung cua enzym xenluloza, khien cho cau tnie kdm bdn virng hon (Ziang vi edng su, 2002), ddng thdi protopeetin trong vd cung ehuyen hda thinh pectin hda tan khien cho Uen ket te bio trd ndn Idng leo, vd qua mem hon (Nguyen Manh Dung. 2000). vi vay su thoit hoi nude cd the didn ra manh hon. Che pham Kiviva xir ly trude thu hoaeh vdi thinh phan GA3 di cd tic ddng keo dii thdi gian sinh trudng eua qua, lim cho vd qui day, cimg hon (sd lieu khdng trinh biy) nen lim giam su thoit hoi nude eiing nhu han che eudng dp hd hap ciia qui nhan tuoi trong thdi gian bio quan.
2. Anh hudng dia ch^t kich thich sinh trudng vi vi lupng xu ly trude thu ho^ch ddn ty Id thdi hdng cua qui nhin tuoi trong qui trinh bao quin
Ciing vdi sir hao hut khdi lupng tu nhidn. hidn tupng thdi hdng ciing li mot nguydn nhin quan trpng gay tdn thit khdi lupng va chat lupng eua qua nhan tuai trong thdi gian bio quin.
i?
OS
• 0 B
.c
X O
5
4 V
•>^
H 100
90 80 70 60 SO 40 JO 20 10 0
•DC2-5C
•Kivivn-SC 64.3
35.0
7 14 21 28 Thjri gian bao quin (ngiy)
Hinh 3. Ty Id tiidi hong etia nhin bio quin b nhi$t dd Hinh 4. Ty 1$ thdi hong ciia nhin bao quin b nhidt dd thudng
Qua hinh 3 vi 4 ed the thay ea nhan DC vi nhan dupe xir ly Kiviva d giai doan trude thu hoaeh deu hi hu hdng sau mdt thdi gian vi ty Id thdi hdng ting dan trong thdi gian bao quin. Tuy nhien mire dp hu hdng
tii^p
d eae edng thirc TN vi DC la cd khae nhau trong cic dieu kien nhidt dd bao quan khac nhau. Vdi nhin dupe bao quan d nhiet dd thudng. ty le thdi hdng qua la khdng dang kd sau 2 ngiy bao quan d ca hai cong
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 6/2011
31
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
thire. Nhung sau 4 ngay bao quan thi ty Id thdi hdng ting manh. Tuy vay. ty Id qua hu hdng eiia nhan TN la 38.1%, tiiap han 25,5% so vdi nhan DC la 63,6%
{a=0,05). Vdi nhan dupe bao quan d 5''C, do nhiet dp thap cd tie dung ire che sir phit trien eua vi sinh vat ndn chat lupng qua nhan van cdn rat tdt, ehua ed hidn tupng thdi hdng sau hai tuan dau bao quan. Sau dd ty le thdi hdng ting len d tuan thir ba vi ting manh sau 4 tuan bao quan. Q giai doan niy, ty le qua hdng ciia nhan TN ludn d mire thap hon nhan DC.
Sau 4 tuan bao quan, ty le hu hdng cua nhan TN la 35,0%, tiiap han 29,3% so vdi DC la 64,3% {a=0,05).
Ben canh anh hudng tich cue eiia nhidt dp thi chat kich thich sinh trudng vi vi lupng d i cd tie dung tdt trong viec lim day lap vd qua nhan vi lam cham qua trinh chin cua qua khi dup'c xir ly d giai doan trude thu hoaeh. Vi vay d i lam tang sire de khang eiia qua Cling nhu han che dupe sir xam nhidm eua vi sinh vat trdn be mat vd qua.
Mdt trong nhiing yeu td quan trpng ban che kha nang bao quan nhan li su gay hai ciia vi sinh vat.
Nhan li loai qua rat min cam vdi sir giy hai cua vi khuan vi nam sau khi thu hoaeh. Trong dd nam Botryodiplodia sp. vi Geotrichum candidum dupe xem li nhirng ddi tupng nguy hiem (Li va Li, 1999).
Khi nghien cuu anh hudng eua GA3 xir ly trude thu hoaeh tren cam, Greany va edng sir (1994) da khing dinh ring GA3 lam cham qua trinh gia hda vd qua, nhung khdng anh hudng den chat lupng ben trong qua ddng thdi lam giam tinh min cam eua vd qui ddi vdi rudi due qua vi bdnh nam. Cd dupe hieu qua tich cue niy li do cac chat xir ly d i lam tang dd tre hda eua te bao khien cho tinh min cam cua vd qua vdi sir xim nhidm cua nam giam di ddng thdi true tiep ngan chin su nay mam vi sinh trudng eua bio tir nam trdn vd qua. lindhout vi cdng su (2008) cung khing dinh
• O C : i - 3 2 C - K i v i v i i - 3 2 < r
I t i ^ l iclun t>do q u d n (nicAy)
Hinh 5. Bidn ddi HL ch^t khd hda tan ("Bx) ciia nhin bao quin b nhidt dd thudng 4. Anh hudng cua ch^t kich thich sinh trudrng vi vi lupng xu ly trude thu hoaeh ddn su bidn ddi him
hieu qua cua GA3 trong vide lim giam hidn tupng nut vd va keo dii tudi thp quan cam. Kdt qua nghien ciru eua de tai niy cung phii hpp vdi nghidn ciru trdn. Tuy nhidn Shi (1990) lai edng bd ring xir ly cho qua nhan sau thu hoaeh bing kinetin vdi ndng dp 20 ppm thi cho ket qua bao quan tdt hon, trong khi su dung GA3 vdi ndng dp 50 ppm thi khdng keo dii tiidi gian bao quan nhin.
3. Anh hudrng cua ch^t kich thich sinh trudng vi vi lupng xir ly trude thu hoaeh ddn su bidn ddi hira luc^ng ch£t khd hda tan ciia q u i nhin tuoi trong qui trinh bio quin
Chat khd hda tan bao gdm dudng, axit hiru ea.
vitamin, mdt lupng nhd protein, glueozit, polyphenol, chat miu,... hda tan trong dich qua. Mdt sd thanh phan, trong dd ed ea chat chinh eua qua trinh hd hap, thudng bien ddng trong thdi gian bao quan.
Kdt qua d hinh 5 vi 6 cho thay ham lupng chat khd hda tan trong thit qui nhan giam dan trong thdi gian bao quan d ea nhin DC vi nhan dupe xir ly Kiviva trude thu hoaeh. nhung mite dp giam thi cd khie nhau. Sau 4 ngiy bio quan d nhidt dp 32°C, nhan DC ed him lupng chat khd hda tan thap han so vdi nhan xir ly Kiviva. cu the la 18.2 vi 18.7 °Bx, trong khi gii tri him lupng chat khd hda tan tuong ung la 14,5 va 16,3 °Bx tren nhin bao quan 28 ngay d nhiet dd 5"C {a=0,05). Cd the thay ring viec xir ly bd sung Kiviva trude thu hoaeh da lam giam tdc dd hao hut chat tan trong qua, lim cho chat lupng qua nhin bien ddi cham hon. Ngoii ra, nhiet dp cung cd anh hudng tich cue trong viec lam cham qui trinh hd hap, vi vay mi bien ddi chat lupng qua nhan d nhidt dp bao quan 5"C cham hon so vdi bao quan or nhiet dp phdng 32''C.
\ 2 0
1 8
1 6
1 4 2 0 . 6 2 0 . S
- 0 0 2 - 5 0
1 4 .
ir..3
•^ « 4 2 1 2 H
Hinh 6. Bidn ddi HL c h S khd hda tan ("Bx) cua nhin bao quan b nhi^t dO th^p
luprng dudng tdng sd cua qui nhin tuoi trong qui trinh bio quin
Dudng tdng sd li thanh phan chii yeu eiia chat khd hoa tan trong qua nhin tuoi. Ham lupng dudng cd the dao ddng tir 12.38 - 32.55% tiiy theo gidng.
- • D C 1 - 3 2 C -•• Kivivii - 3 2 C
A'hiyi f>ian l>ilo <|udn (nfii&y)
Hmh 7. Bidn ddi HL dudng TS (%) cua nhin bao quan d nhidt dd thudng Do nhin khong ed kha nang chin them sau thu hoaeh nen trong thuc te. ham lupng dudng trong thit qua se chi giam mi khdng ting them. Xu hudng va tdc dp giam eua ham lupng dudng tdng sd d nhan DC va thi nghiem eiing tuong tu nhu sir giam cua chat khd hda tan. Sau khi ket thiic bao quan, ham lupng dudng tdng sd d nhan dupe xdr ly Kiviva trude thu hoaeh ludn cao hon so vdi nhan DC, nhat li vdi nhan bao quan lanh d nhidt dp 5"C, sir chenh lech ve ham lupng dudng la 1,7% sau thdi gian bao quan. Nguyen nhan chu yeu cua sir giam dudng didn ra rat manh trong nhan bao quan bdi vi dudng la thanh phan ehii yeu tham gia vao qua trinh ho hap. Ngoai ra, ham lupng dudng trong qua edn bi giam do hoat ddng eua eae loai vi sinh vat cd tren be mat va trong thit qua gay ra.
Neu ham luong dudng tdng sd bj giam qui nhieu thi se khdng chi lim giam gii tri dmh duong eiia qui
Ham lupng dudng trong qua nhin tuoi li thinh phan bidn ddi manh me nhat.
jj. n o y 100 - 90 .• 80 Z 70 : 60
* 50
— ^ - 0 0 1 - 3 2 0 ^ v .
0 2
ThA'l gian b i o quin ( n g * y |
31 "•'
^ ^ 6 1.6
4
Hinh 9. Bidn ddi HL vitamin C (m%) ciia nhin bao quin b nhidt dO thudng
Sd lieu phan tich d hinh 9 vi 10 cho thay him lupng vitamui C trong thit qua nhin Huong Chi khi cao. Trong qui trinh bao quan, do vitamin C hi phin buy mi him lupng vitamm C ciia qui nhin giam ro rdt theo thdi gian. Cd the nhan thay dii bao quan trong didu kidn nhidt dd nio thi mire dp giam cua vitamin C eiia nhan dupe xir ly Kiviva trude thu
» P C 2 - S C - • I K l v i v s - 5 C
T l i j v i g i a n bAo q u & n C ^ S ^ y )
Hmh 8. Bidn ddi HL dudng TS (%) cua nhan bao quin b nhidt dd thip
nhan tuoi ma edn lam giam chat lupng cam quan (vi ngpt) ciia qua. Vi vay, tdn trir qua nhan d nhiet dd thap vira cd tie dung duy tri chat lupng qua, keo dai thdi gian bao quan ddng thdi giam su gay hai eua vi sinh vaL Theo eae nghien cuu thi nhiet dp tdi uu cho bao quan nhan trong khoang 1- 5"C tiiy gidng va didu kidn trdng trot (Zhou va cdng sir, 1997; Jiang, 1999).
5. Anh hudng ciia chat kich thich smh trudng vi vi lupng ddn su bidn ddi him lupng vitamin C cua qua nhan tuoi trong qui trinh bao quin
Vitamin C thudng ed mat trong nhieu loai rau qua tuoi. Trong qua nhan, ham lupng vitamin C ed thd bien dpng tir 43,12-163,70 mg% trong ciii qua eua cac gidng nhan khae nhau. Day cung la mot trong sd nhirng vitamin bi tdn that nhieu trong bao quan.
- no
J' 100 0 90 .! 80 Z 70
•• 60
« 50 J
—•—DC2-5C ^ t —
—4k— l<rii.ii.n ^ P "
0 7 14 21
ThM gian b i o quin ( n g i y ) 6 ^ 7
•
28
Hinh 10. Bidn ddi HL vitamin C (m%) ciia nhin bio quin b nhidt dd th^p
hoaeh ludn thap hon so vdi nhin DC (chenh lech 5,9 mg% vdi nhan bao quan d nhiet dp thudng va 7,3 mg%
d nhan bao quan lanh).
IV. KET LUAN
Qua nghien ciru tren, ed the ket luan ring ehd pham Kiviva vdi hai thanh phan chinh li chat kich
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 6/2011 33
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
thich sinh trudng (GA3) va mdt sd khoang vi lupng, (B, Mg, Mn) ed tac ddng tich cue den viec cai thien chat lupng va thdi gian bao quan qua nhan d giai doan sau thu hoaeh. Viec cung cap them mdt lupng chat kich thich sinh trudng va vi lupng d giai doan trdng trpt da gdp phan cai thien dupe mdt sd dac diem cau tnie eua vd qua, ddng thdi han ehd hoat ddng sinh ly eiia qua nhan d giai doan sau thu hoaeh khien cho hao hut khdi lupng it hon. Do dd da duy tri chat lupng dinh duong, giam dang ke ty le thdi hdng (25,5% vdi nhan bao quan trong dieu kien thudng va 29,3% vdi nhan bao quan lanh), giiip keo dii tudi thp bao quan qua nhan Huong Chi. De dam bao gia tri thuong pham eua qua thi ehi ndn bao quan 3 ngay d nhiet dd thudng va 21 ngay d nhiet dd 5"C.
TAI UEU THAM KHAO
1. Greany, P. D. et al, 1994. Use of gibberellie acid to reduce citrus fruit susceptibility to fruit flies.
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USING PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR AND MICRONUTRIENTS TO IMPROVE QUALITY AND EXTEND STORAGE UFE OF 'HUONCXHr LONGAN FRUITS
Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy Summary
This research was carried out in 'Huongchi' longan variety to investogate the effect of plant growth regulator and micronutrients on the quaUty and storage Ufe. Longan fruits used for this experement were harvested in the trees which were treated by Kiviva contained plant growth regulator (GAJ and micronutrients (B, Mg, Mn) according to the process of 4 spraying times at the stage of fuU blooming flowers, fruit set (25 ppm), developing fruit and 2 weeks before harvesting (50 ppm) and the control trees. It was shown that pre-harvest treatment of Kiviva could maintain the quaUty and extend storage Ufe of longan fruits in term of the decrease of weight loss, slowly change of the total soluble soUd, total sugar and vitamin C content, and the decrease of fruit rot after storage time.
Keyword: Longan, Kiviva, GAj, boron, magnesium, manganese, storage.
Ngudi phan bidn: TS. Hoing Thj Ld Hing
