Tap chi DlA CHAT, loar A ^ ;52-354 7-n/7nn^ .^ •., H " ^ P |
LICH SlT TIEN HOA MEN TAO GIAI DOAN PALEOZOI MUON - MESOZOI SOfM TAY NAM VIET NAM VA VUNG KE CAiN
DAO VIET CANH', PHAM HUY LONG', DO V A N L I N H '
'Tong cong ft lham do Khai thac Dau khi (PVEP), 12 Tdn Trdo. Q. 7. Tp. Ho Chi Minh
•Lien doan Ban do dia chat mien Nam. 200 Ly Chinh ThSng. Q.S, Tp. Ho Chi Minh Tom tit: Binh do edu true Tdy Nam Viet Nam vd vimg ke cdn vdo cuoi Mesozoi sdm gom 4 dan vi kien tgo chinh: Sibumasu, Chanthaburi. Tonle Sap - Sdi Gon vd Indochina. Ranh gidi giUa chimg Id cdc dai khdu Klaeng (Chanthaburt) - Bentong Raub. Sa Kaeo - Hon Chuoi vd Tdv Ninh. Lfch sir tien hoa kien tgo gigi dogn Pgleozoi mupn - Mesozoi s&m Tdv Ngm Viet Nam vd nmg ke can dd trdi qua 5 thai ky: 1) Tir Devon din ddu Carbon mufin khdi luc dja Indochina dupe tdch ra vd di chuyen, trdi dgt khoi sieu luc dfa Gondwana.
tgo Paleo-Tethys: 2) Tir Carbon mudn din ddu Permi, vo dai duang Paleo- Tethys bl hut chim dudi khdi luc dia Indochina, tgo ria luc dia tich arc (kiSu Sunda) vai bien sau aing Hon Chudi: 3) Vdo Permi - Trias giiia, khong chi cd cung dao nui Ida Chanthaburi md ed vi luc dia Tonle Sap - Sdi Gon dupe tdeh khot l^oi lyc dia Indochina, tgo bien sau eung Sisophon - Hd Tien chdng len bien Hon Chuot va bien Ro Vieng - Td Thiet (kiiu aing ddo Nhdt Bdn) Vao M^^TZr,] ? " ''if."'""!'"" ? - ^ ^ * ° ' - • - '^c dia GondwaL. tt^o Meso-Tethys 4) Tu aioi Trias giUa den Trias mupn, vd dai duang Paleo- Tethys. bien Sisophon. Hd Tien vd Ro Vieng- Td Thiit bf htit chim v7fieubl ChuKl^lZ ' T - ^ ^ f " * - • • '" ^ « - - ^"-PO' - Hon Khoai. Atta^ui thu Klin. 5) Qua tnnh ghep not. va mdng va tgo nui giUa edc khSi luVdia Sibumasu^ Chanthaburi. Tonle Sap - Sdi Gon vd Indoehfna vdo Tri^ mupnta
srirr,f;zx7't-''''1*?"°^ *''^" ^'''"""' '"* ^'•'- -^"s
ttinh nghifin cuu cfta Kudriavsev v i nnk [15]. Vifc khdi phye tiin hda kiin tao ciia cac cdng ttinh nay dftng trfin quan' diim hpc thuyfit Dia ming vdi chuyin dpng thang dung l i chu y i u (sut lun; nang lfin va nghieh dio kiin tao). Sau nam 1969, cic cdng ttinh khdi phye tiin hda kiin tao vung nghifin cftu ndi rifing, Ddng Nam A noi Chung, vfi c o ban diu dua trfin quan
<liem hpc thuyit Kiin t^o Ming thach quyen. Cho tdi nim 1998, kit qui nghifin cuu cua cac cdng trinh [3, 10, 12, 16, 17]
oeu cho rang ddi khiu Nan-Uttaradit - Sa Kaeo Bentong Raub Ii ranh gidi khfip kin Paleo-Tethys gifta khdi lyc dja Sibumasu va hidochina (Ddng Duong).
VO'I ke. qua cua hing loat nghifin cftu t i ^ Vung nghifin cftu gdm Tiy Nam Vif.
Nam, phan Idn lanh tfid Campuchia v i Nam Thai Lan, chu yfiu thupc hai khdi luc d|a Ion Sibumasu v i Indochina, ttong do
2 ' ^ I T - " ^ ^^' '^' ^^ '"«^«=hina da
^ g b, phan tich tfiiri, c i c vi lyc dia Chantfiabun v i Tonle Sap Sai Gdn cd
w^Hirf,."'" '""^ "^"-^ ••«-'-
d o T t " ' ' ^ ' '''^" '^° "^"8 nghien cftu da J ^ d e _ c . p trong nhifiu Cdng trinh tnrdc
•^^tiinhdaki'/ni^USS
noi neng Ddng Nam A ndi c h S r d u ^ de c ^ m p , each ,dng hpp nhi, .ron'g cdng
theo den nam 2002 118, 19, 36-39], Naii- Uttaradit dupc cho li ddi khiu khep kin bdn sau cung giiia Indochina vdi Simao, cdn Sibumasu khep kin Paleo-Tethys dpe ddi khiu Chiangmai. Cic cdng trinh nghifin cftu vi tdng hpp cho tdi nam 2013 [11, 20, 21, 31, 33, 34] da dua ra kit luin rang cic ddi khiu Changning - Menglian, Chiangmai Inthanon, Klaeng (Chanthaburi^ vi Bentong-Raub li ranh gidi giua khdi luc dia Sibumasu, khep kin Paleo-Tethys, vdi cung nui lfta Lmcang,
Sukhotfiai, Chanthaburi v i Ddng Malay;
cdn cic ddi khiu Jinghong, Nan Uttradit, Sa Kaeo la ranh gidi gifta cung nui lfta Lincang, Sukhothai vi Chanthaburi, khfip kin bdn sau cung Sisophon, vdi ria tiy Indochina cd tadi khdng sdm hon Trias giua. Khi nang kfio dii cfta ddi khiu Sa Keo d ddng nam Thii Lan [21] sang lanh thd Campuchia vi dia hii phin Vift Nam sau dd da dupc dfi cap ttong cdng ttinh [7], tao tainh ddi khiu Sa Keo - Hdn Chudi.
M ™ ! l F * V i ( i - l > - l
• K M lpc 4|i Tir Wfii IMCn
• KUUvdiiTNBanKa
• CMtpcdpiaySMMi S B K ^ Nc * i I M l * Si • LncoM
•6 M: dp N *ci<> hte ti«« KZ
«« dp dWiV IR (Ej. NI > vi NI >)
OkMkktaUicn«KKhASon.NfQcIW. • O M 9rfL Saig UL ft(iiV • T n ^ teiMn (TK I.
- • • rmc^-En
— K^lMlMWitlHw»<fcKdfcMii
Hinh 1. Viing nghien cm tren so do phdn ving hen lgo lanh thd Vift Nam vd vimg ke egn.
Dua vio hpc tauyfit kifin tao Ming tfiach quyfin vdi phuong phip liy mdi suy cu [14], cic tic gii phin tich cic tii lifu hifn cd [1-2, 4-6, 8, 9, 21-24, 26-28, 30, 34, 35], tiin hinh khio sit thvrc dia vi phin tich miu, minh giii dja chit mpt sd
myin dia chin 2D, phin tich kiin mic (udn nfip, dirt gay), bifin hdi bin dd dia chit (Hmh 2A, B), phin chia cic td hpp th^ch kifin tao, khdi phuc cic bdi canh kifin tao vi mdi lifin hf cua chiing theo khdng gian vi tadi gian (Hinh 3) di khdi
phuc ljch su tifin hda kifin teo vung nghifin cftu cho giai doan Paleozoi mudn Mesozoi sdm (D-J2) (Hinh 4).
Ljch sft tifin hda kifin tao khu vuc nghifin curu da trii qua 4 giai doan chinh:
cic giai doan ttudc Paleozoi mupn, Paleozoi mupn - Mesozoi sdm, Mesozoi mupn \a Kainozoi vdi cac chfi dp dja dpng luc khic nhau (Hinh 3). Trudc Devon li cic giai doan tao mdng Tiin Cambri cua sifiu luc Gondwana vi Idp phli tram tich luc nguyfin kifiu ria luc dia tfiu dpng tadi Cambri Ordovic - Silur.
Giai doan ttr Devon dfin Jura gifta bao gdm
cac tfldi ky tao Paleo-Tetfiys (D-Cj); hut chun vd dai duomg Paleo-Tetfiys vdi ria luc dia tich cue kieu Simda (C2-P1); kifiu Nhit Bin (P1-T2); hut chun, tifiu biin v6 dai duong Paleo-Tetfiys vi cic bdn sau cung (T2-T3C); va ming, tao nui (Tj n-J,.,).
Tft Jura mupn din Krete li giai do?n hu, chun biin Ddng cd d ria ddng nam khoi Iuc dja Indochina. Giai doan Kainozoi gdm 3 thdi ky: nang lfin, bdc mdn (Ei-E^);
tao bdn kfio toac (E3-N1'); tfiim ria lyc (fla tfiu ddng d vjnh Thii Lan (N|^-Q), t^ niii kfim tfieo lu basalt d khdi lyc dja hidochina (Ni^- Q).
•M
Hinh 2B. Chii gidi Bdn do d/a chdt Tdy Nam Viet Nam vd ving kecgn
Hinh 3. Cdc boi cdnh kien tgo vd moi lien he cua chung theo khong gian va thdi gian Tdy Nam Viet Nam vd vUng ke can.
Trong khudn khd cua bii bio niy, cic tic gii di eip chi tiit tdi cic di chi cua 5 thdi ky tiiupc giai doan tft Devon din Jura gifta vdi cic boi canh kiin tao khac nhau nhu ria Iyc dja thy dpng, biin khoi, ria lyc dja tich eye kifiu Sunda, ria lyc dja tich eye kifiu Nhit Bin, va ming va teo nui (Hinh 3,4).
II. THdl K t DEVON OAU CARBON MUON (D-C2):
Thdi ky Devon - diu Caibon mupn Ii thdi ky tich md va phifiu di khdi lyc dja Indochina khdi sifiu lyc dja Gondwana, tao vd dai duong Paleo-Tetfiys (Hmh 4A). Di chi thdi ky niy li cic td hpp tfiach kiin t^o ttam tich bifin kboi tren vd dai duong
Paleo-Tetfiys, ria luc dja thy ddng trfin ria Tiy khdi Iyc dia Indochina vi sifiu Iyc dja Gondwana (Hinh 2A, 2B, 3). Td hpp thach kifin tao gdm da vdi, sihc chua trftng tia, basalt ciu gdi, sifiu mafic vi serpentinit d khu vuc Tay Klaeng [13, 21] Ii di chi cua vd dai duong Paleo-Tethys. Td hpp thach kifin t^ ria luc dja tfiu ddng trfin ria Tiy khdi lyc dja E>dng Duong gdm cic trim tt'eh luc nguyfin Id ra d cic khu vuc niii
Hon Chdng vi quin dio Bi Lya (hf i_„^
Hdn Heo) [26, 35], luc nguyfin vi carbon*
d khu vuc Bic Ddng Bic Kampot, By Bic Campuchia, Tiy vi Tiy Nam Sa Kaeo [30]. Td hpp tfiach kiin tao gdm cac da phifin sfit, silic, cudi kit vi cit - hpt kit dupc hinh thinh ttpng giai dogn nay hifn nay phin bd chft yiu d khu vuc Nam Thai Lan [1] la di chi cfta ria lyc dja tfiy dpng tt-fin ria sifiu luc dja Gondwana.
" C l
c , ' i !
S
E S ]
rv^^
•IKtSSriSS*'"'
ears-.
M
riet Nam va vung ke egn (A-E).
PEI.ICTP,'? '"^^"^ ""0"
DAUVio tfldi ky Caibon mupn - diu Pernii
« y ra qui ttinh hut chhn vd d^i duong Paleo-Tethys xudng dudi ria Tiy khii lyc 4a hKtodima, .,0 ria lyc dja tich eye kiiu 4 ^ n . .• *" '"" "=™« "'^" <^*^' (Hinh 4B). p , chl cua qui ttinh niy li cic tfiinh
«»o phun ttao andesi, kiim vdi ttidi Carixm Z T ^ . ^ " ^ Ph^ bi ipng rai d khu
„ ^ ^ S ' e m Reap cung mpt vii khdi]
nho xam nh?p gnmit, granodiorit cd biotit-J
horblend, diorit, gabi thanh t^o tram andesit, sfit kit.
iiu I [30]; cic niii Ilia, hif
IV. I H O I Kir P E R M I TRIAS GIU'A (P-T2):
Vio thdi ky Permi - Trias gifta, luc dja Sibumasu tich vi phifiu di khdi sifiu lyc dja Gondwana, tao Meso-Tethys. Paleo- Tethys tiip tyc bj hftt chim tao ria luc dja tich cue kifiu Nhit Ban [14] vdi cic dom vj kifin true nhu sau: cung dio nui lfta Chanthaburi, bifin sau cung Sisophon - Hd Tiin, vi lyc dja Tonle Sap - Sdi Gon, biin Ro Vieng - Td Thiit (Hmh 4C). Di chi cua cic qui trinh niy la cac to hpp thach kiin tao: thfim lyc dja thy ddng ttfin khoi lyc dja Sibumasu, vd dai duomg Paleo- Tethys, bdn trudc cung Chanthaburi, cung dao Chanthaburi, thfim ria luc dja thy dpng va ttim tich bien khoi tren vd dai duong Sisophon - Ha Tien vi thim ria luc dja thy dpng biin Ro Vifing Ta Thiit (Hinh 2A, 2B, 3). Cho din hifn nay, cdng tic nghien cftu di chi cua cic td hpp thach kifin tao ttong thdi ky niy cdn d cic mftc dp khac nhau. Di chi cua thim ria lyc dja thy dpng tten khdi luc dja Sibumasu ttong ,hdi ky niy li ,0 hpp thach kiin tao gom di vdi, da phifin silic cd tudi Permi Ip ra d khu vye Tiy Ratcha Buri [1]. Td hpp th^ich kiin tao dai ducmg Paleo-Tethys gom cac thinh tao silic chfta trung tia, basalt ciu gdi, sifiu mafic vi serpentinit, xen kfp cd da vdi, phan bo d khu vye Klaeng [21].
Td hpp thach kifin tao bdn trudc cung ttong thdi ky nay gdm phan dudi ciia td hpp cac di cit kit, cit kit tuf, tuf ryolit, tuf andesit, set vdi, phien set, phiin silic Ip ra d khu vye tiy bic Chanthaburi [1].
Di chi cua cung dio tren Chanthaburi li phin dudi cua to hpp thach kiin tao gdm cac di phun trio ryolit, andesi, kiim vdi chii yiu Ip ra d khu vye bic tay bic Chanthaburi, tay nam Sa Kaeo va Ko Chang [I]; cung nui lua pluton kiiu 1 phin bd d ddng ban dao Malaysia [18,
22]. Td hpp thach kifin tao bdn sau cung Chanthaburi, thfim ria Iuc dja thy ddng vi trim tich bifin khoi ttfin vd dai duomg Sisophon Ha Tifin gdm cic thanh tao carbonat thfim mdi Permi sdm-giiia d khu vye Sisophon vi H i Tifin (hf ting Hi Tifin Id ra d Kifin Luomg, Hdn Chdng, Hi Tifin); tram tich Iuc nguyfin thinh tao ttong mdi trudng bifin, mdi Permi mudn, d Tay dio Cft Tron thudc quan dio Nam Du (hf ting Dit Dd); cic thinh tao carbonat phan ldp diy den dang khdi (hf ting Minh Hda) Id ra d Bac dio Hdn Nghfi vi trim tich lyc nguyfin phan ldp mdng dang flysh (hf ting Hdn Nghf) Id ra d Tiy Bic dio Hdn Nghf [27, 28, 35]
(Anh 2A, 2B); cac trim tich lyc nguyfin Ip ra d cic khu vuc Kampong Spueu, Krache, Tay Bac Krache vi carbonat Id ra d Tiy Bac Krache [30]; vi cic khdi sifiu mafic Ip ra d Ddng Nam Sa Kaeo, Tiy Nam Pousat va Bic Kampot [1,8, 24, 25- 28, 30, 35]. Td hpp thach kiin tao niy cd thfi kfi thfim tdi cac di 'phun trio mafic bj phong hda' (87 mfit, chua cd phan tich chi tifit) bat gap dudi ttim ticb Kainozoi tai gifing khoan d Id PM5 thudc bi Malay (gin kinh dp vdi Hdn Chudi). Cic thanh teo nay cd tiifi coi la mp. ttong nhimg di chi bd sung tfifim cho su kfio dii cua ddi khau Sa Kaeo - Hdn Chudi vi phia Nam.
Td hpp .hach kiin teo .him ria lyc dja thy ddng biin Ro Vifing - Ti Thiit gdm ttim tich lyc nguyfin va carbonat tudi Permi mudn - Trias sdm, phan bd d thupng ngudn sdng Sii Gdn vi vung Ta Thiit (cic hf ting Ta Ndt, Hdn Quin, Sdng Sii Gdn) [26, 30, 35]. Ngoai ra, kit qui phan tich mdt sd miu trong khdi grabo d Tay Ninh [25] vi mdt sd khdi xam nhap (mafic) d tay bic Stoeng Treng [30] cd thfi li nhiing di chi vd dai ducmg cua biin Ro Vifing Ti Thiit. Tuy nhifin, vin di niy cin dupc tiip tyc nghifin cftu thfim.
^ IIM
V. TH(n KY CU6l TRIAS GIUA - TRIAS MUON KY CARNI:
Vio tfldi ky niy, Paleo-Tetfiys tiip ttic bj hut chun xudng dudi ria tiy cung dio Chantiiaburi; tiip tuc chi dp ria lyc dja fliu ddng d khdi lyc dja Sibumasu, bdn ttvdc cung vi cung dio Chanthaburi (Hinh 4D). Chi dp ria luc dja thy ddng d ddng khdi lyc dja Sibumasu dk Iai di chi Ii cic da ttam tich lyc nguyfin - carbonat, phan bd d Nam Thii Lan vi Tiy Malaysia [I] (Hinh 2A, 2B, 3). Di chi cua bon ttvdc cung la phin ttfin ciia td hpp cac di cit kfit, cat kit mf, hif ryolit, mf andesit, set vdi, phiin set, phiin silic Id ra d khu vuc tiy bic Chantfiaburi vi di chi cua cung dio Chantfiaburi li phin ttfin cua td hop phun ttao ryolit. andesit kiim vdi chu yiu Ip ra d khu vuc bic tiy bic Chantfiaburi, tay nam Sa Kaeo vi Ko Chang [1]. 6 ria ddng sau cung dio Chantfiaburi tiip tyc ling dpng cic ttim tich biin Sisophon Hi Tifin gdm cit kit ttif, phiin sfit silic;
ttam tich lyc nguyfin, carbonat, phan ldp mdng, phin nhjp tdt, phin bo rdng rii d khu vuc ddng bic Chantfiaburi [1].
Cung nui lfta pluton Sa Kaeo - Kampot Hdn Khoai va Attapeu - Chu Klin diu kfio dai tfieo phuong TB-DN. Co chi thinh tao hai cung nui Ifta niy cdn cd nhifiu y kifin khic nhau. Phan tich lich sft ttfin hda kifin tao, ghfip ndi cic bdi cinh ki^Sn t^o khac nhau vung ki can ttong binh do cd kifin t?o, cftng vdi kit qui phin tich miu tfiach dja hda d Hdn Di Bac, chung tdi nghifing vi y kiin cho ring cac cung nui lfta pluton niy li di chi cua qua ttinh hut him va tifiu biin vd dai duong vio cudi Trias giua Trias mudn cua biin Sisophon - Hi Tien va biin Ro Vifing - Ta Thifit. Td hpp tiiach kiin tao cung nui lfta Sa Kaeo Kampot - Hdn Khoai li cic khoi xam nhap granit (kiiu I) Id ra d Hdn Da Bac, Hdn Khoai (vi cd thi gdm dii granit bat gap dudi ttim tich Kanozoi tai cac gifing khoan cd cung kinh do d bi Malay); cac tfiinh tao phun ttao vi xim
nhap ttidi Trias Ip ra d khu vye bic Kampot; cic tfiinh tao phun bao \ a xam nhap d khu vye Pailin; vi cic tfiinh t^o phun ttao vi xim nhap d khu vye tay tiy nam Sa Kaeo [1. 2, 26, 27, 30, 35]. Ti hop tfiach kiin ,ao cung nui lfta Attapeu - Chu Klin gdm cic tfiinh ,ao ttim ,ich, phun ttio Ip d khu vye ddng bic dien tich nghien cftu (Attapeu - Moray - Chu Klin) [2, 26, 30, 35].
VI. THeri KY TRIAS MUQN K t NORI BeNJURAGlO'A(T,n-J,.j):
Vao thdi ky Trias mupn ky Nori din dau Jura, vd dai duong Paleo-Tetiiys, biin Sisophon - Ha 'Tifin vi biin Ro Vifing - Ta Thiit bj tieu biin, xay ra va ming va .90 nui sau va mang giua cic khoi Sibumasu, Chantfiaburi, Sai Gdn Tonle Sap vi hidochina, tao tfiinh cic ddi khiu Klaeng, Sa Kaeo Hon Chudi vi ddi khiu Tay Ninh, phit ttiin cic ttiing ttudc mii va giua mii tudi Jura sdm-giua vi dai granit kifiu S chua tfiiic d Nam Thii Lan - TSy Malaysia (Hinh 3, 4-E).
Di chi cua vd dai duong Paleo-Tetfiys giua khdi lyc dja Sibumasu vdi cung Chanthaburi li td hpp th?ch kiin t?o ophiolit (di chi vd dai duong) gdm cac thinh .^o di vdi, silic chfta ttiing tia, basalt cau gdi, sifiu mafic va serpentinit phin bd d khu vye Klaeng [13, 21]. Quan frpng hon, di chi cua qui ttinh va mang vi t^o mii sau va mang giua khoi lyc dia Sibumasu vdi cung Chantiiaburi li cic khdi xam nhap granit kiiu S phin bd rpng rai d nam ddng nam Chon Buri, tay bic Klaeng, nam Thii Lan, tay Malaysia, va ddi bifin chit dpng lyc (mylonit, gneis) dpe ddi khau Chan,haburi [6, 32, 34]
(Hinh 2A. 2B). Cic khdi grani, kiiu 1 cd ttidi Trias mudn Jura sdm frfin cung Chanthaburi dupc cho la he qui .in du cua qui ttinh tifiu biin vd d?i duong Paleo-Te.hys dudi cung dio Chan.haburi.
Dl chi cua qui ,rinh khep kin biin Sisophon-Hi Tifin, va mang vi ,90 mii sau
m^^ va mang giua cung dio Chanthaburi vdi
^ vi lyc dja Sii Gdn - Tonle Sap Ii cic khdi H|,' sifiu mafic Id ra d bac Kampot, tay nam 1,,-' Pousat, ddng nam Sa Kaeo [30]; ddi xio ttpn (melange) chu yiu gdm di vdi, di sihc chfta triing tia, serpentinit va basalt dpe ddi khiu Sa Kaeo [28, 34]; he dut gay nghjch phuomg TB-DN cim vi Tiy Nam tei Thach Ddng (Hi Tifin) giua di vdi cd moi Permi sdm-giixa chdm phu ttfin ttim rich Iuc nguyfin, phun ttao cd mdi Trias (Anh I): ddi xao frdn d moong Katera (bai Chi Vi, Kifin Giang) vdi cac di phun ttao andeshodaci. din lyoli., cic da xam
nhip diori. cung vdi cic di phiin silic phin ldp mdng dang dii, andesi.odacit, mf ryolit, ryolit, d i vdi vi set vdi bj xiit ep vdi nhifiu mat trupt cd gdc ddc Idn [7];
ddi dam kit di vdi phia nam khdi di vdi hf ting Mmh Hda Cr2a mh), phia bic hf ting Tiy Hdn Nghf (T2I tn) a bic dao Hdn Nghf (Anh 2 A-C); cic tiianh tao phun trio ryolit, it cit kit ttif, phin bd rpng rai d khu vye ven biin Hi Tifin - Bai dt, quin dio Bi Lya, quin dio Nam Du (kfit qui phin tich tfiach dja hda mpt sd mau d quan dio Nam Du duac tfii hifin d Hinh 5).
'^pl^ff^ ^"^ "^^^'''"'"Tl ^"' ^^' - ^""^ '''""•'^' ^•"'' ^"S (Hd Tiin) giOa dd vdi cd tudi Permi sam-giua (he lang Ha Tien) chdm phi tren trdm rich luc nguyen. phun trdo cd tudi Trias
(he tdng Hdn Ngang) (Anh: Ddo Viet Cdnh).
L^>
T,a nth
ikff.
AiA 2_ DOT ddm kitdd voi phia nam khdi dd vdi hi ldng Minh Hda a^a mh)
*,a boc he tang Tay Hdn Nghe 0"^ m) a hic ddo Hdn Nghe (.4nh. Ddo Viii Canh).
Hinh 5. Kel qud phdn tich thgch dia
Ngoii cic td hpp di h-im tich lyc nguyen vi carbonat ttidi Permi mudn Trias sdm phin bd d thupng ngudn sdng Sii Gdn vi vung Ti Thiit (cac hf ting Ti Ndt, Hdn Quan, Sdng Sii Gdn); Tft kfit qui phin tich mpt sd mau frong khoi grabo d Tiy Ninh [25] vi mft sd khdi xim nhip (mafic) d tay bic Stoeng Treng [30] cin tiip tyc tim kiim thfim cic di chi cua bifin Ro Vifing - Ti Thiit bi khfip kin giira vi lyc dja Sii Gdn Tonle Sap vdi khdi lyc dja Indochina. Td hpp tfiach kien tao trimg ttirdc nui (foreland) gim cic thtoh tao cd ttidi Jura sdm giua phin bd d khu vye Sttoeng Treng (Hinh 2A, B). Cic tiiinh tao cd ttidi Trias mupn - Jura sdm-gifta Ip ra d phia ddng dio Cu Tron thupc quin dio Nam Du, khu vuc Ti Pa va ddng nam Pailin [26, 27, 30, 35j cung cd thi xip vio td hpp th^ch kifin t?o ttiing ttirdc nfti. Trong khi dd, cic tfianh t?o cd hidi Jura sdm gifta phin bd d ddng Sisophon, ddng bic Siem Reap, Ko Kot [1, 30] vi cic thi dia chit da dupc minh giii va lifin kit vdi cic thinh tdo CO hidi Jura sdm - gifta ttfin tii lieu dia chin frong bdn ttung Mesozoi mupn Phu Qudc thifin vi cic td hpp thach kifin tao hiing gifta nui.
hda mQt so mau d qudn ddo Nam Du.
Vll. KtT LUAN
Binh dd ciu ttiic Tay Nam Vift Nam vi vung ki cin vio cudi Mesozoi sdm fliupc 4 don vj kiin t?o chinh: Sibumasu, Chanthaburi, Tonle Sap Sii Gdn v4 Indochina.
Trong khu vye Tiy Nam Vift Nam vi vung ki cin, ranh gidi giua Sibumasu vi Chantfiaburi li ddi khau Klaeng Bentong Raub, giua Chantfiaburi vi Tonle Sap - Sai Gdn li ddi khau Sa Kaeo - H6n Chudi, gifta Tonle Sap Sai Gdn vi Indochina li ddi khiu Tiy Ninh. Tuy da CO mpt sd di chi cfta ddi khiu Sa Kaeo - Hdn Chudi d phia nam vi ddi khau Tay Ninh, song cin tiip tyc tim kiim tfiem chftng cu.
Ljch sft tiin hda kiin tao giai do?in Paleozoi mupn Mesozoi sdm Tiy Nam Vift Nam vi vftng ki can da frii qua 5 thdi ky: 1) rtr Devon din diu Carbon mupn, khdi lyc dja hidochina dupc tich ra vi phifiu di khdi sifiu lyc dja Gondwana, tao Paleo-Tethys; 2) rtr Carbon mupn din dau Permi, vd dai duong Paleo-Tetfiys bj hut chim dudi khoi lyc dja Indochina, t?o ria lyc dja tich eye (kiiu Sunda) vdi biin sau cung Hdn Chuoi; 3) vio Permi - Trias
giua, khdng chi cd cimg dao nui lfta Chanlhaburi mi ci vi lyc dja Tonle Sap - Sdi Gon dupc tich khdi khoi lyc dja Indochina, tao bifin sau cung Sisophon Hd Tiin vi biin Ro Viing - Td Thiit (kiiu cung dio Nhit Bin). Vio cudi Permi sdm, khdi luc dja Sibumasu tich khdi sifiu lyc dia Gondwana, tao Meso-Tetiiys; 4) ttr cudi Trias giira dfin Trias mupn, vd dai duong Paleo-Tetfiys, biin Sisophon - Hi Tifin va Ro Vifing - Ti Thiit bj hut chun va tifiu bifin, tao cac cung nui Ifta Chanthaburi, Sa Kaeo Kampot Hdn Khoai, Attapeu - Chu Klin; 5) qui ttinh ghfip ndi, va ming vi tao nui giua cic khfii luc dja Sibumasu, Chantiiaburi, Tonle Sap Sai Gdn va Indochina vio Trias mudn la nguyfin nhan tao bi ttim tich Phli Qudc kifiu giua nui ttioi Trias mupn din Jura giua va dai grani, kiiu S chfta thiic nam Thii Lan Tiy Malaysia ttidi Trias mupn ky Nori.
VAN LIEU
1. Bin di dja chit Thii Lan, ty le 1:1.000.000, 1999. Department of Mineral Resources. Bangkok, Thailand.
2. Biii Minh Tam (Chd bien), 2010.
Ho?, dpng macma Vif, Nam. Luu trir Dia chdt. Hd Npi
3. Bunopas S., 1981. Paleogeographie history of Weslem Thailand and adjacen, parts of Soutfieas, Asia - A pla,e-,ec,onic in,erprete,ion. Ph.D. Thesis, Victoria Univ of Wellington. Nen'Zealand.
4. Cao Dinh Trieu, Pham Huy Long, 2002. Kifin tao dut gay linh ,hd Vift Nam. Nxb Khoa hpc Ky thugt Hd Nm.
5. Cao Dinh Triiu, Phaim Huy Long, Do \ i n Linh, Le Van Dung, Cao Dinh Trpng, 2014. Dja dpng lyc hifn dai lanh flio Vif, Nam. Nxb Khoa hpc Tu nhiin vd Cong nghp. HdNpi
6. Cobbing E.J et al, 1995. The granites of tfie SE Asian Tm Bel,. Joumal
of the Geological Soeien- of London 143:
537-550.
7. Dao Viet Cinh, 2015. Cic ddi khiu kiin tao ria tiy khdi luc dja Ddng Duong.
Tgp chi Dau khi. so 4/2015. 28-33.
8. Fontaine H. Tran Quynh Anh, Faure C. Tran Thi Ngoc Bich, Saurin E., 1968. Viet Nam. Dia Chdt Khdo Luc No. II. 13. 14.
9. Fromaget J, Saurin E., Fontaine H., 1971. Bin dd dja chit Vift Nam Kampuchia - Lio, ty If 1:2.000.000.
10. Gatinski lu.G., 1986. Phan tich diy ngang kiin true - thiitfi hf. Matxcava.
11. Kara H. et al, 2010. Geological and geochemieal aspects of a Devonian siliceous succession m northern Thailand:
Implications for the opening of the Paleo- Tethys. Palaeo-geography, Palaeo- climatology. Palaeo-ecology 297- 452- 464.
12. Hutchison, C.S., 1989. Geological Evolution of South-East Asia. Clarendon Press. Oxford.
13. Kamata. V & nnk., 2012. Middle to Late Devonian Radiolarians from Klaeng of Rayong Province, Southeast Thailand. Acta Geoseientica Sinica 33(1) p.33-35
14. Khain V.E., Lominze M.G., 1995.
Kien tao vi ca sd dja ddng lyc. MGU, Matxcava.
15. Kudriavsev G.A., vi nnk, 1969.
Dja chit Ddng Nam A. Nxb Nedra, Leningrad.
16. Metcalfe 1., 1994. Gondwanaland origin, dispersion, and accretion of East and Southeast Asian continentel terranes.
Joumal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 7. Nos 3/4. pp. 333-347
17. Metcalfe I., 1998. Palaeozoic and Mesozoic geological evolution of the SE
Asia region: muliidisciplmary consttaints and imphcations for biogeography.
Backbuys Publishers. Leiden. The Netherlands.
18. Metcalfe I., 2000. The Bentong - Raub Suttire Zone. Joumal of Asian Earth Sciences 18: 691-712.
19. Metcalfe L, 2002. Penman tectonic framework and palaeo-geography of SE Asia. Joumal of Asian Earth Sciences 20: 551-556.
20. Metcalfe I., 2012. Tectonic Evolution of tiie Malay Peninsula.
Joumal of Asian Earth Sciences.
21. Metcalfe I., 2013. Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion: Tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of eastern Tetiiys. Joumal of Asian Earth Sciences 66:1-33.
22. Metcalfe I., 2013. Tectonic evolution of tfie Malay Peninsula. Joumal of Asian Earth Sciences 76. 195-213.
23. Nguyin Hiep (Chu bien), 2005.
Dm chit vi Tii nguyfin diu khi. Nxb Khoa hpc vd Kv thudt Hd Npi.
24. Nguyin Ngoc Hoa (Chu bien), 1991. Ban dd dja chi, ti lfi 1:200.000 Nhdm td Ddng Bing Nam Bp. Luu tru Liin dodn Bdn do Dfa chdt mien Nam TpHoChiMinh.
25. Nguyin Thi Cdng, Nguyin Kim Hoing, 2014. Die difim tiiach hpc, thach dia hda vi khoing hda sit cua cic thinh t^o magma xim nh|p sim miu khu vye Tin Hda, Tin Chiu, Tiy Ninh. Hpi nghi KH ldn DC, Trudng DH KHTN - DH Quoc Gia Tp. Ho Chi Minh.
7nn<fJ^^"''*" ^"^" ^"^ ^<^*« *'^«>'
2000. Kien tao vi Sinh khoing Nam Vift Nam. Luu trir Liin dodn Bdn do Dia chdt miin Nam. Tp. Ho Chi Minh.
27. Nguyin Xuan Bao (Trudng ban Hifu dinh), 1996. Ban dd Dia chit vi Khoang San ty lfi 1:200 000 (Cac td Cdng
Pdng Cham Ldc Ninh, Chiu Ddc, TP Hd Chi Minh, Phu Qudc - Hi Tifin, Long Xuyfin, My Tho, An Bifin Sdc Trang Tri Vinh Cdn Dao, Ci Mau - Bac Lifiu).
Luu tru Liin dodn Bdn do Dia chdt mien Nam. Tp. Ho ChiMinh
28. Nguyen Xuan Bao, Vu Nhu Hung, 2000. Dja ting ttvdc Kainozoi d Tay Nam Bd. Dja chit Tii nguyfin Moi ttirdng Nam Vift Nam. Ltni trir Lien dodn Bdn do Dia chdt miin Nam. Tp. Ho Chi Minh.
29. Pham Huy Long, Ta Thj Thu Hoai, 2003. Ljch sft phit ttien kiin ,ao lanh tfio Vift Nam va vung ki cin. Etja chdt tdi nguyin moi truang Nam Viet Nam.
30. Phan Cjr Tiin (Chu bien), 2009.
Bin dd Dja chit Campuchia, Lao, Vift Nam ty If 1:1.500.000. Luu tru Dia chdt Hd Hpi
31. Saesaengseerung D. et all, 2008.
Discovery of Middle Triassie radiolarian fauna from the Nan area along the Nan- Uttaradit suttire zone, northern Thailand.
Paleontological Research: 12: 397- 409.
32. Searle M.P., 2012. Tectonic evolution of the Sibumasu-hidochina ten-ane collision zone in Thailand and Malaysia: consfraints from new U-Pb zircon chronology of SE Asian tin granitoids. Joumal of the Geological Society 169: p. 489-500.
33. Sone M., Metcalfe I., 2008.
Parallel Tethyan suhires in mainland Southeast Asia: New insights for Palaeo- Tethys closure and implications for tfie Indosinian orogeny. C. R. Geoscienee 340: 166-179.
34. Sone M., Metcalfe I., Pol Chaodumrong, 2012. The Chanthaburi terrane of southeastern Thailand:
Stratigraphic confirmation as a dismpted segment of the Sukhothai Arc. Joumal of Asian Earth Sciences 61:16-32.
35. Tong Duy Thanh, Vu Khnc, paleogeographie reconsttiiction of tiie 2005. Cic phin vj Dja ting Vift Nam Cimmerian continent. Geosciences Nxb Dgi hpc Quoc gia Hd Npi, 519 tr. Joumal 4:160-163.
36. Ueno K^ 1999. GondwanaA^etfiys 38. Ueno K., 2002. Pennian divide in East Asia, solution from Late fiisulinoidean faunas of the Sibumasu and Paleozoic Foraminiferal Paleo- Baoshan blocks, tfieir imphcations for tfie biogeography. In: Ratanastfiien, B., Reib, paleogeographie and paleoclimatie S.L. (Eds.). Proceeding of the reconsttiiction of the Cimmerian
Intemational Symposium of Shallow continent. Paleogeography.
Tethys. Dept Geological Science, Faculty Paleoclimalology, Plaleoecology . of Sci. Chiang Mai Uni. Thailand, pp. , „ „ ,
45.54, 39. Wang Xiaofeng, Metcalfe and nnk, 2000. The Jinshajang-Ailaoshan 37. Ueno K., 2000. Permian suture zone, tectono-sttatigraphy, age and fiisuhnacean faunas of the Sibumasu and evolution. Joumal of Asia Earth Baoshan blocks, implications for tfie Seciences 18:675-690.
SUMMARY
Tectonic evolution of southwest Viet Nam and adjacent areas In late Paleozoic - earty Mesozoic
Ddo Viit Cdnh, Phgm Huy Long. Do Vdn Linh Southwest Viettiam and adjacent areas in late Early Mesozoic belonging to four main tectonic blocks, namely: Sibumasu, Chanthabmi, Tonle Sap - Sai Gon and hidochina Theu boundaries are Klaeng (Chantfiaburi) - Bentong Raub, Sa Kaeo - Hdn Chudi and Tay Ninh tectonic suttues, respectively. The Late Paleozoic - Early Mesozoic teConic evolution of tfie region undergone five steges: 1) From the Devonian to early Late CariwniJerous: tfie hidochina continentel block rifted and drifted apart fixim Gondwana openmg Paleo-Tetfiys; 2) From tfie Late Carixmiferous to Eariy Pennian, the Paleo- Fethys oceanic cms, subduCed beneatfi hidochina, fonning active continentel margin- 3) Dunng tfie Penman to Middle Triassie, not only tfie Chanthaburi arc but also Tonie Sap -Sat Gon block separated from hidochina, fonning Sisophon - Hd Tien back-arc and Ro Vieng - Td Thiit basins bettveen ,hem. In tfie late Early Pennian, the Sibumasu dispersed Stom Gondwana, opening Meso-Tetfiys; 4) Subduction of tfie Paleo-Tethys T'.^Z'fr'' ^'*,='°^'"8 Sisophon - Hi Tifin and Ro Vifing - Ti Thiit basins from the late Middle ,0 early La,e Triassie fonning Chantfiaburi, Sa Kaeo - Kampot - Hdn Khoai and Attapeu - Chau Thoi volcanic arcs; 5) Amalganation and collision of Sibumasu Chamhabun. Tonle Sap - Sii Gdn and hidochina m Late Triassie caused the Phu Qudc toreland mtennontane basm in Ute Triassie - Middle Jurassic and tfie S-granite tm belt m souih Thailand - wes, Malaysia. There are some relics of ,he Sa Kaeo - Hdn Chudi ex,ending soutfiward and Tay Ninh suttires, however, i, is necessary ,0 have additional smdies on tins.
Ngudi biin tgp: Nguyen Xudn Bao.
