su KIEN/BiNH LUAN
Tiem nang nuoi ca tam o* Viet Nam rat to'n
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Ph6 TGD T^p (JoSn ca t^m VN Nguyen Dinh Hiln
NHAN CHUYEN CONG TAC CUNG DOAN D A I BIEU TINH SON LA D I THAM VA HOC HOI KINH NGHIEM NTTS 6 DBSCL VA TAY NGUYEN, PHONG VIEN TAP CHI T H L C O N G MAI THUY SAN DOAN TRAN OUY DA CO DIP TRAO D 6 I V a i ONG NGUYEN DINH HIEN - PHO TGD PHU TRACH SAN XUAT C O A TAP DOAN CA TAM VI^T NAM.
PV. Xin ong cho biei ky thudt vd phuang phdp nudi mot lodi cd nuac lanh nhu cd tdm a Viit Nam co khdc biit vd kho khdn hem so vdi cdc lodi thuy sdn khdc khong?
Phd TGD Nguyin Dinh Hiln (PTGD NDH). Ky tiiugt nudi ca tam diing la hoan toan mdi dd'i vdi Viet Nam, vi dd'i tupng nay mdi du nhgp vao nudc ta cd may nam. Trong khi do, mdi trudng sd'ng va dac thu khi hgu d nhiing nudc xuat xii cua ea tam hoan toan khae so vdi Viet Nam.
Vi dy, d ehau Au khi hau cac miia a'm va lgnh phan biet rat rd rpt.
Miia am rihipt dg ciing gim gid'ng vdi nhiing viing niii cao d Vipt Nam tii 24-25''C, nhung miia lgnh thi cd khi xudhg de'n -10"C. Ca vd'n thieh nghi vdi dieu kien sdhg
nhu th§^ khi dua ve Vipt Nam vdi nhi^t do am quanh nam, tat nhien su phat hieh sinh hgc cnia ea se bj xao hpn. Nhu vay, cdng nghp nudi ap dyng d Viet Nam ta't nhien phai dieu chinh so vdi cdng nghp ciia nudc ngoai cho phil hgp.
Ndi the' khdng ed nghia la d Viet Nam khdng nudi duge ca tam. Thuc te' oia Tap doan Ca Tam Vipt Nam chiing tdi da ehiing minh, ta ed the nudi ra't thanh cdng. Theo danh gia cua Hiep hgi Ca nudc Ianh Viet Nam, quy md nudi hipn tgi aia Tap doan la ldn nha't hong lanh thd Viet Nam, chua cd don vi nao bang. Tdng khdi lugng ca hien nay chiing tdi cd khoang 700 tah, rieng tgi day (hd thuy dipn Da Mi, Binh Thuan) da cd gan 400 tah, tuong duong hen dudi 500.000 con.
PV. Ld mdt lodi ngoai lai vai ky thudt nuoi khd phirc tap nhu vay, liiu nudi cd tam co thuc su mang lai hiiu qud kinh te?
PTGD NDH. Theo khao sat eiia chiing tdi, hen thi trudng the gidi hipn nay, 1 kg thit ca ta'm cd gia khoang 12 EUR. Tuy nhien gia hi ciia tning ca ta'm mdi la dieu thyc sy dang ndi.
Dien hinh nhu tning ciia loai ca tam Beluga ludn cd gia thi trudng rat cao, hipn dang dao dgng tir 8.000 den 10.000 USD/kg. Tir dd cd the tha'y, con ca tam chac chan
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SlJ KIEN/BiNH LUAN
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cd tiem nang rat ldn de hd thanh ddi tugng nudi mdi hong co caii NTTS d Viet Nam.
Chiing tdi da phai hai qua nhieu nam nghien ciru, thir nghiem va mdi bat dau nudi dugc ca ta'm tir nam 2007 de'n nay. Loai ca ma ehiing tdi dang nudi dgi ha d day la Ioai nudi phd bieh nhat hipn nay tren the'gidi, dang dugc thi trudng ua chugng va de nudi nhat d tgi Viet Nam, thudng goi la ca tam Nga. Neil xe'p hgng ve gia tii ciia tning va toe dg tang trudng thi day la Ioai ehi xe'p sau ca tam Beluga, Ioai cd gia hri eao nhat hong hp ea tam.
P V . K&. can long, be nudi co gi dac biet khdng thua ong? Sau bao lau thi CO the thu hoach?
PTGD NDH. Theo quan sat
tgi trai nudi aia chiing tdi d day, lugng tning thu hoach tuong duong khoang 10-15% hpng lugng CO tiie ca. Vi dy nhu con ca nang 10kg se cho khoang 1,0 -1,5 kg tning. Nudi 1 con ca khoang 4 nam ed the bat dau thu hogch triing, gia hi td'i thieu 1.000 - 1.500 USD. Tinh toan ly thuye't cd ve rat tiem nang, nhung de dat duge ke't qua thyc te' thi khdng don gian, ddi hdi dau tu ra't ky cang va td'n kem va ddi hdi ngudi nudi phai rat kien tri, quye't tam cao, dam chap nhgn mgi nii ro, bdi thdi gian thu hoi vdh ra't Iau, tdi 5-6 nam,
Ddi vdi long nudi va dipn tich thi can bd' tri Idng cho thich hgp theo giai dogn phat trien ciia ca.
Cung nhu con ngudi vgy, tre em liic be thi nam ciii, Idn thi nam
giudng. Cac long nudi ciia chiing tdi nhd nha't la 2-3m^/ldng, cai ldn nhat cd the len drai hang ham m^
cac anh vira dugc xem ma'y long khoang 150 m^ Nguyen lipu lam Idng thi tiiy, ba con ndng dan co the Iam don gian bang cac thimg phuy nhya ghep lgi hangman go, cdn chiing tdi vdi myc tieu khai thac Iau dai, dn dinh cao nen lam bang vat lieu dat hon nhir eomposit hoac nhya PVC, tham chi ea l6ng sat. Cai dd tiiy vao dieu kipn dSu tu va dinh hudng lau dai cua mdi don vi nudi.
P V . Md hinh ndo id thich hgp nhdt cho ndng dan nudi quy md nho?
PTGD NDH. Cdn tiiy thu§c vao viing nudi. Ne'u nudi d suoi, d sdng nhd, cd the ngan thanh ao hd nhd. Ne'u ed vimg hd dii Idn,
Ph6 TGD Nguyin Oinh Hiin chia se nhUng kmh nghi#m, ky thugt nuai cA t^m thirong pham trSn h6 Da Mi
na NM THJY SAN ; s 6 1 5 4 / THANG I O / 2 0 I Z
su KIEN/BiNH LUAN
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Phu-cng phap vS k? thu^t nuoi ca t i m t^i Vi$t Nam la hodn todn m o i boi iJ#c thil khi hgu va qud trinh du nhgp vao n u * C ta chu'a lau
du nudc thi cd the Iam Idng sat, ldng gd. Ndi chung, nudi long va nudi ao, hd la hai hinh thiic nudi chinh dang dugc ap dyng rgng rai cho ca ta'm tren the' gidi. Cdn mdt hinh fhiic nu'a la nudi trong nha, trong cae b^' eomposit, md hinh nay ddi hdi miic dg dau tu r3't Idn, nhung tiiyc ra hipu qua kinh te'ldidng cao. O Viet Nam ed nhieu ao, hd, sdng, sud'i... nen cd' gang tgn dyng. O nhiing noi cd hd chiia rgng, dipn h'ch mat nudc Idn, nSn nudi long de de eham sdc va thu hogch.
PV. Viic gidi quyei van de thirc dn cho cd cd tam thi sao, thua dng?
PTGD NDH. Hipn nay tgp doan chiing tdi sii dyng 2 dgng thiic an, dd la thiic an tdng hgp vii thiic an ty nhien. Thiic an ty nhi^n nhu ea, tdm, cua, d'e... chi de bd sung, edn thiie an ehinh la thiie an tong hgp, thiie an cdng
iTitsP •••'•• ' ^••'
Tuy tiem nSng rAt ldn nhu'ng cd t i m d6i hoi d i u tir cDng r i t t6n k6m vd ngiiir\ nufli cQng phai ddm sSn sdng ch!u moi rOi ro b d i thoi gian thu h6i v6n r i t Idu (5-6 ndm)
nghiep. O Vipt Nam hien mdi cd vai nha san xuS't budc dau lam duge thiic an cho ea tlun. Trudc day chiing tdi thudng phai NK hoge sir dung thiic an cho ca khac de thay the^ cdn thiic an chuyen cho ca tam tren thi trudng chua cd.
Tuy nhien, khdng phai cii nhap thiic an ca tam tir nudc ngoai ve la diing, la tot, vi nhu da ndi d tren, dieu kipn khi hgu d Vipt Nam khac han so vdi d nudc ngoai. Chang hgn, d nudc ngoai thiic an can cd ham Iugng chat beo cao de ca chdhg Ianh, edn d day nudc a'm quanh nam, eho an
nhieu eha't beo se anh hudng de'n he tieu hda va sinh trudng ciia ea, tiic la Ioi bat cap hgi.
Can day. Tap doan Ca tam Vipt Nam da ke't hgp vdi mdt so' nha san xua't xay dung cdng thiic de san xuat loai thiic an ca tam phii hgp dieu kipn nudi d Viet Nam.
Tuy nhien, day mdi la budc dau tim kie'm Ioai thiic an phii hgp vdi nhu cau trudc mit ciia Tgp doan thdi, phat trieh rgng ra nhu the'nao thi cdn la cau chuypn dai.
PV. Xin cdm cm dng! • Tr3n Duy thirc hien
THJONG Mfli M ) Y S t a y S O 1 5 4 ; THANG IC
