THVC TIEN - KINH NGHIEM
GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEU QUA CONG TAC PHONG NGUA TOI GIET NGUOI
TREN D!A BAN TJNH DONG NAI
NGUYEN DUY BA*
Thdi gian qua, tgi ph^m giit ngirdi cd chieu hudng gia tdng tren dia ban tinh Dong Nai. Ddy Id hogit ddng tgi ph^m hit sue phuc t^p, gay ra nhieu he luy ve an ninh, trdt ty xa hgi. Trgn co sd nghien cuu thyc tien cdng tdc dau tranh, phdng ngira tgi pham giet ngirdi, tdc gid neu len cac nhdm giai phdp gdp phan ndng cao hi^u qud cdng tdc nay trong thdi gian tdi.
Tickhda: Tdi phgm giet ngudi; thuc trgng gidi phdp phdng, chdng.
Nhdn bdi: 06/9/2019; bien tgpxong: 17/9/2019; duyet bdi: 18/9/2019.
Ddng Nai Id tinh thugc mien Ddng Nam Bg, nam trong vung phdt frien kinh ti frong diem phia Nam; cd vi tri chien luge vi chinh tri, an ninh - qudc phdng, cd sd lugng chiic sac, tin dd tdn giao Idn, chiem khoang 46,62% dan sd todn tinh va ed 33 dan tdc. Han 10 nam qua, tinh Ddng Nai da tap trung day manh toe do phdt trien kinh te, thu hiit manh me ddu tu nude ngodi va frong nude, chii frgng xdy dung, Cling cd he thdng chinh tn cdc cdp. Chinh nhung dieu kien ty nhien, cung nhu xa hgi thuan lgi ma Ddng Nai la nai tap tinuig rdt nhieu dan cu tir cdc vung mien frong cd nude den dinh eu, sinh sdng. Tren dia ban, cd 27 khu cdng nghiep da di vao boat dgng, thu hiit khoang 350.000 lao ddng.
frong do cd khoang 130.000 la ngudi ngoai tinh. Mat trdi ciia tang trudng kinh te gdn vdi an ninh chinh tri, frat ty an todn xa hdi fren dia bdn ciing ed nhieu dien bien phirc tap. Nhieu loai tdi pham xay ra va gia tang nhanh chdng, trong dd cd Tdi giet ngudi.
Chinh vi vay, viec ddm bao an ninh chinh tri, frat ty an toan xa hgi ludn dugc cac cdp chinh quyen d tinh Ddng Nai quan tdm vd dat len hang dau. Theo sd lieu bao cao cua Ca quan dieu tra Cdng an tinh Dong Nai thi frong 03 nam tir 2013 din 2015, tinh hinh Tdi giet ngudi tren dia ban tinh Ddng Nai cd xu hudng tang giam bdt thudng. Cu
Thgc si, Phong PC02, Cong an tinh Bdng Nai.
S6l9(lhan9l(V2019)\
Tap chi _KIEMSAT I 5 3
THVC TIEN-KINH NGHIEM
tiie, ndm 2013 cd 112 vy; nam 2014 cd 199 vy; nam 2015 cd 181 vu. Trong 03 nam, tii nam 2015 din nam 2017 thi xu hudng tdi pham giet ngudi fren dia ban tinh Ddng Nai tang deu, ndm sau cao hem nam trudc.
Cy thi, nam 2015 cd 119 vy; nam 2016 cd 156 vy va nam 2017 cd 171 vu; nam 2018 la 181 vy.
Trong thdi gian qua, vdi su chi dao quyet liet cua Cdng an tinh Ddng Nai, todn tinh da thuc hien ddng bd cdc bien phap nham phdng ngira, dau tranh cd hieu qua vdi cdc loai tdi pham. Do vdy, tinh hinh tdi pham ndi chung vd tdi pham gi§t ngudi ndi rieng fren dia ban ca ban da dugc kiem che, khdng de tdi pham hoat dgng mdt cdeh cdng khai, long hanh, khdng de hinh thanh cdc bang, nhdm, td chirc tdi pham boat ddng theo kieu "xa hdi den" lam mdt an ninh trdt ty, dnh hudng den ddi sdng ciia nhan ddn. Tuy nhien, ben canh dd thi tdi pham giet ngudi fren dia ban vdn edn xay ra nhieu, gdy biic xiic frong quan chirng nhan ddn.
Tren co sd nghien ciiu ve tdi pham giet ngudi va edng tdc ddu franh, phdng ngira Tdi giet ngudi tten dia ban tinh Ddng Nai, tdc gid nSu va de xuat cac gidi phdp gdp phan phdt huy hieu qua edng tac nay frong thdi gian tdi. Cu the nhu sau:
Thu nhdt, ve chinh tri - tu tuong: Trong nhung nam qua, cdc lyc lugng chuyen trach ldm ndng edt da trien khai ddng bd, todn dien nhieu ndi dung, bien phdp dau franh phdng, chdng tdi pham giet ngudi, thu duge nhieu ket qua quan trgng. Cugc ddu tranh da nhan dugc su quan tam chi dao, dieu hanh cua Cap iiy Dang, chinh quyen cac cdp, huy ddng duge nhieu ngudn luc xa hdi, ddng vien dugc su tham
gia cua ddng ddo qudn chiing nhdn ddn.
Cdc luc lugng chuyen trdch tap trung lyc lugng, phuang tien, bien phdp md nhieu dgt cao diSm tan cdng ttdn dp tgi pham fren cdc tuyen, dia bdn frgng diem.
Cdc chi tieu ve phdng ngira tgi pham diu duge coi la mdt frong nhiing tieu chi danh gia miic do hodn thanh nhiem vy cua td chiie vd cd nhan frong cdc td chuc thugc he thdng chinh tri.
Thie hai, biin phdp kinh ti: Mat trdi ciia nen kinh te thi trudng da tdc ddng rat Idn din van hda, gido due vd tao ra ldi sing thyc dyng, ich ky, thd a trong mdt bd phdn gidi tre hien nay. Cimg vdi dd la sy tha hda frong dao diic, sy mai mdt ciia nhirng gid tri truyen thdng frong xa hgi nhu nen tdng gia dinh, sy tdn frgng giiia ngudi vdi ngudi ddn den tinh trang nhung mdu thudn rdt nhd cd the gdy ra hau qua rdt Idn. Qua nhirng vu thdm sat vira qua cd the thay cdch thiic, hanh vi gay dn ciia tdi pham ngay cdng manh ddng vd het siic man rg. Nd khdng chi Id ndi lo chung eiia todn xd hdi md cdn Id mdt van de nhirc nhdi, tiem dn nguy ca Idn ve su suy ddi ciia cdc gia tri dao dire.
Trong qua trinh phat trien, Ddng Nai ludn quan tam gidi quyet hdi hda giiia tang trudng kinh te vdi cdc van de an siiih xd hdi, bdo ddm ngudi ngheo, ngudi yeu the cd dieu kien vuon len, tao sy cdng bang de phat trien ben viing. Ddi sdng ngudi dan tten dia ban dang ngdy cang dugc cdi thien vdi thu nhap binh quan dau ngudi tang gdp 3 Idn so vdi 10 nam trudc day. Todn tinh da van ddng tren 350 tj ddng vao "Quy vi ngudi ngheo", xdy dyng vd ttao tang tten 20.400 ngdn can nhd dai dodn ket, nha tinh thuang hd ttg ngudi ngheo cd nai d dn
Tap chi
5 4 I K I E M S A T /sdl9(thang1(V2019)
THVC TIEN - KINH NGHIEM
dinh. Den cudi nam 2018, todn tinh ed 2.502 hd thoat ngheo, dua ti le hg ngheo xudng cdn dudi 0 1 % .
Thu ba, biin phdp vdn hda - gido dtic:
Mdt vdn de xa hgi rat Idn hien nay Id khiing hoang gido dye tir gia dinh, bdi ttdch nhiem giao due con ngudi trudc hit tu gia dinh. Gia dinh la mdi trucmg nudi dudng con ngudi, ciing nhu giao due nhdn phdm dao diic, cdc td chiic khdc chi giu vai ttd hd frg.
Vi vdy, de ndng cao hieu qud gido due, can chil ttgng tang cudng cae bien phdp phdng ngira xa hdi, coi ttgng phdng ngira tdi pham tu gia dinh vd d c a sd; ra sodt, ddnh gid dnh hudng cua cac chinh sdch vd qua trinh thuc hien cdc chinh sdch d i n tinb hinh tdi pham vd boat ddng phdng, chdng tdi pham; de xudt khac phyc nhimg so hd, thieu sdt, bat cap; ddy manh cdc hoat ddng truyen thdng, gido due, nhat la truyen thdng giao due ve dao diic, ldi sdng, ndng cao y thiie chap hdnh phdp ludt, tinh thdn canh gidc vd frdch nhiem tham gia phdng, chdng tdi pham ddi vdi cdc td chiic, ca nhdn vd gia dinh.
Cdng tac phdng ngua ma ndng cot la phong frdo "Todn dan tham gia phdng ngira, phat hien, td gidc tdi pham va quan ly, gido dye, giiip dd ngudi pham tdi trong gia dinh, d dia ban dan c u " dugc trien khai sdu rdng, gan vdi cugc van dgng "Todn ddn dodn ket xay dyng ddi sdng van hda"
va nhiem vu phdt trien kinh te, ndng cao ddi sdng nhan dan tren dia bdn tinh Ddng Nai da mang lai hieu qud rd net, gdp phdn cimg cd nen tdng ngan ngira tdi pham ngay tir eo sd. Dac biet, Uy ban nhdn ddn tinh da thudng xuyen chi dao cae sd, ngdnh, dodn the, dia phuong day manh cac boat
dgng tuyen truyen, gido dye ndng cao nhdn thiic cho can bg, doan vien, hgi vien vd nhdn ddn ve cdng tdc phdng, chdng tdi pham, te nan xa hgi vd frat tu an todn giao thdng gan vdi trien khai thyc hien Chuang trinh myc tieu qudc gia phdng, chdng tgi pham, phdng, chdng ma tiiy; tang cudng chi dao cdng tdc xay dung phong ttdo
"Toan dan bdo ve an ninh Td qudc" gan vdi thyc hien phong trao "Todn ddn dodn ket xay dyng ddi sdng van hda; duy fri cdc md hinh diem nhu: "Xa, phudng, thi tian lanh manh khdng cd ma tiiy, mai ddm",
"Khu ddn cu phdng, chdng tdi pham",
"Khu dan cu phdng, chdng ma tiiy, mai ddm, HIV/AIDS"...
Thic tu, tuyen truyen phd biin phdp ludt: Cdng tac phd bien, giao dye phap ludt, dac biet la cac hoat ddng phdi hgp cua cac CO quan, td chiic frong he thdng chinh tri khi phd bien, gido due phdp ludt cho cdn bg vd cdc tdng Idp nhan dan da phat huy dugc siic manh tdng hgp ciia cac td chiic doan the xa hdi va todn dan. Cdc boat ddng nay da ddn ddn di vao ne nep theo ke hoach, chuang trinh cu the vdi nhieu hinh thirc, bien phap thyc hien, phu hgp vdi timg nhdm ddi tugng; dgi ngii cdn bd ldm cdng tac phd bien, giao due phap luat timg budc dugc ciing cd. Ben eanh dgi ngii cdn bd chuyen frdch ciia nganh Tu phdp, da thu hiit dugc mgt lyc lugng ddng ddo bdo cdo vien, tuyen truyen vien, cdng tac vien tham gia. Cdc hinh thiic phd bien, gido due phdp luat ngdy cang phong phii, da dang vd thiet thyc vdi ngudi ddn ban nhu: Tuyen truyen mieng; bien soan tdi lieu phd thdng dudi dang hdi dap phap ludt, tinh hudng phdp ludt; dua phdp luat vdo giang day trong trudng hgc; tuyen truyen phap luat tren cac
So19(thang1(V2019)\
Tap chi _K1EM SAT I 5 5
phuang tien thdng tin dai chimg; xdy dung cau lac bg phap luat; tii sdch phap ludt xa, phudng, thi frdn, co quan, doanh nghiep, trudng hgc; thi tim hieu phdp luat; tuyen truyen phdp ludt thdng qua boat ddng hda gidi d CO sd, thdng qua tu van phap ludt, frg giiip phap ly, thdng qua cac phien toa xet xii cdng khai, luu dgng... da va dang dugc trien khai manh me.
Thie nam, cdc bien phdp ngdn chgn tgi phgm:
- Luc lugng Cdng an nhdn ddn tinh Ddng Nai da tham muu cho cdc Cap iiy dang, chinh quyen cdc chu truang, chinh sach ndng cao ddi sdng nhdn ddn, gdp phdn dam bao an ninh trdt tu ndi chung, phdng ngira tdi pham ndi rieng, cy the:
Tiep tyc ddu tu cd hieu qud cdc chuang frinh xda ddi giam ngheo, xdy dung c a sd ha tdng trong viing ndng thdn; phdi giai quyet dugc vdn de dinh canh, dinh cu, giai quyet dat dai cho ngudi dan, nhat la ddng bdo dan tgc thieu sd; tap trung dau tu cho giao due nham nang cao dan tri, ddi sdng van hda, tinh than, tao dieu kien de ngudi ddn tiep thu vd nam duge chii truong, chinh sdch ciia Dang, phap ludt cua Nha nude.
- Ldng ghep, quan triet thuc hien tdt cac chinh sach dan tgc trong cdng tac phdng ngira tdi pham d vimg ddng bao ddn tdc it ngudi: Phdi cu the hda nhiing quan diem, chil truang, chinh sach cua Dang ve cdng tdc dan tgc, phuc vy xay dyng khdi dai doan kit toan ddn, dn dinh chinh fri va phat triin tinh hinh kinh t i - xa hdi tai dia phuong; giii dugc ban sac van hda, truyen thdng tdt dep cua cac dan tgc, tao dugc sy t h i n g nhdt, dodn ket giup dd nhau ciing tiin bg giiia cdc dan tdc; de cao lgi ich Td
qudc, lgi ich cua ca ddn tdc.
- Ket hgp chat che cdng tdc nghiep vu, nhdt la cdng tdc dieu fra co ban, suu tra, thuc hien tdt cdng tdc quan ly hanh chinh, van ddng quan chiing nhan dan ndng cao hieu qua phdng ngira tdi pham giet ngudi.
Phai tap trung lam that tdt cdng tdc suu fra va cdng tac d i i u fra c a bdn; phdi hgp chat che vdi cdc dan vi lien quan de thu thdp ddy du thdng tin tdi lieu ve ddi tugng hinh su, kinh te, ma tuy tten dia ban. Can thudng xuyen phan loai ddi tugng suu fra dinh ky, cd ddi sach, bien phdp cy the ddi vdi timg loai ddi tugng suu tra; thudng xuyen kiem danh, kiem dien, theo ddi vd quan ly chat che, nhat la nhiing ddi tugng suu tra luu ddng, hoat ddng lien tuyen, lien tinh; nam viing dac diem cua timg loai ddi tugng suu fra de khi cd vu pham tgi xay ra cd the nhanh chdng xdc dinh va khoanh viing ddi tugng nghi vdn.
- Tang cudng cdng tac nam tmh hinh, cdng tdc trinh sdt de phat hien, ngan chan kip thdi tgi pham giet ngudi: Luc lugng Canh sat hinh sy phdi tang cudng cdng tae dieu fra nghien cim tinh hinh dien bien tgi pham xam pham tinh mang, sire khde trong pham vi todn tinh, tten eo sd do nam tinh hinh ve ddi tugng, dia ban boat dgng ciia tdi pham xdm pham tinh mang, siic khde thudng xay ra, chu ddng dp dyng cae bien phap nghiep vu phdng ngira, phat hien, ngan chan. Tuy theo tinh hinh dien bien cua loai tdi pham nay ma td chirc phdng ngira cd ttgng tam, frgng diem; chii ddng giai quyet mau thudn frong ngi bd nhan dan mdt each kip thdi, khdng de mdu thuan keo ddi frong nhieu nam.
- Nang cao hieu qua hoat ddng trinh sat frong dieu tra truy xet cac vu an giet
Tap chi
5 6 I KIEM S A T /s6l9(thang1(V2019)
THVC TIEN - KINH NGHIEM
ngudi chua ro thu pham tten dia ban: Sau khi tiep nhan td giac, tin bdo ve tdi pham, lyc lugng frinh sdt cdn trien khai ngay cdc boat dgng cua minh de hd trg cho Dieu fra vien lam sang td cac tinh tiet, ndi dung cua vu dn ddm bdo yeu cau ve thdi gian theo quy dinh.
- Tang cudng, cung cd lyc lugng Cdnh sat hinh su vd mdi quan he phdi hgp giiia cdnh sat hinh sy va cac luc lugng nghiep vu khdc trong phdng ngiia tdi pham giet ngudi: Xay dyng lyc lugng Cdnh sdt hinh sy cdc cdp du manh, ngang tam nhiem vu vd phu hgp vdi tinh hinh Id viec lam mang tinh cdp bach, can thiet nham gdp phdn lam giam tdi pham, dam bao sy dn dinh vi an toan trdt ty; cdn cd nhiing gidi phdp phu hgp vi td chiie, lye lugng, con ngudi, phucmg tien de dat dugc hieu qua cao trong cdng tdc phdng ngua tdi pham giet
ngudi. Cy the: Cd ke hoach ddo tao, bdi dudng, nang cao chdt lugng dgi ngii cdn bg hien cd; tao mgi dieu kien thudn lgi de can bd, chiin si tham gia hgc tap, nang cao kien thiic ve chinh tri, phap ludt, nghiep vu, phdi gan cdng tac dao tao vdi cdng tdc thyc tien.O
Tai li^u tham khao
1. Chi thi s6 37/2004/CT-TTg ngay OS/U/2004 cua Thii tuang Chinh phu ve tang cirong cong tac phong, chong tgi pham.
2. Nguyin Hoang Tuan, Ddu tranh phong chdng Tpi giit ngie&t theo Dieu 93 Bp lugt Hinh si^r, Dai hpc Lu|t thanh pho Ho Chi Minh.
3. V6 Khanh Vinh, Die bdo linh hinh tpi phgm, mot so vdn de ly ludn - thuc tien, Nxb. Cong an nhan dan, nam 2002.
4. Nguyen Xuan Yem, Tpi phgm hoc hien dgi vd phong ngua tpi phgm, Nxb. Cong an nhan dan, nam 2001.
MOT SO GIAI PHAP...
(Ti^p theo trang 481
qudc ti frong ddu franh phdng, chdng ma tiiy theo nguyen tac phii hgp vdi phap luat hien hdnh cua nude ta va phdp ludt qudc te.
Chil frgng hgp tdc vdi cac td chire qudc te nhu: UNODC, DEA, AFP..., dac biet la cdc nude cd chung dudng bien gidi vd cdc nude, vimg lanh thd cd nguy co cao hi tgi pham ma tiiy lgi dung van chuyen vao Viet Nam tieu thy hoac chuyen di cdc nude thii ba nhu: Trung Qudc, Lao, Camphuchia, Thai Lan... de frao ddi thdng tm, chia se kinh nghiem, franh tiiu sy ho ttg vi ttang thiit bi hien dai ciing nhu ddo tao, bdi dudng can bg trye tiip ddu tianh phdng, chdng tdi pham
va te nan ma tiiy; ngan chan cd hieu qud tinh trang thdm lau ma tiiy, frong dd cd MTTH tii nude ngodi vao nude ta.
Cd thi ndi, cude ddu franh chdng tdi pham ve ma tiiy, frong dd cd MTTH edn nhieu cam go, phiic tap. La luc lugng chu cdng, ndng edt, lyc lugng Canh sdt dieu tra tdi pham vi ma tiiy can chu dgng thyc hien ddng bd cdc gidi phdp; tich cyc phdi hgp cung cac bd, ngdnh, huy ddng sdc manh tdng hgp cua cd he thdng chinh tri vd qudn ehiing nhan dan tham gia phdng, chdng tgi pham, thyc hien cd hieu qud cdng tdc phdng ngira, ngan chan tinh ttang su dung MTTH vd cdc hanh vi vi pham phdp luat do cdc ddi tugng su dyng MTTH gdy ra ndi rieng vd tdi pham ma tiiy ndi chung, gdp phdn bdo ddm trat tu an todn xa hdi vi binh yen, hanh phiie cua nhan dan.n
Tapchi So19(thang10,/2019)^_KIEMSAT I 5 7
