DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
5. SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1. Simpulan
1. Untuk mendapatkan bioplastik yang dapat diaplikasikan sebagai plastik kemasan pangan/kantong yang sesuai standar plastik kemasan, maka rekayasa proses produksi yang dilakukan terdiri dari modifikasi pati, penggunaan
compatibilizer LLDPE-g-MA (konsentrasi MA 5%) dan HDPE-g-MA (konsentrasi MA 7,5%), pencampuran antara pati termoplastik dan resin plastik dengan perbandingan konsentrasi TPS/LLDPE adalah 40/60, sedangkan TPS/HDPE adalah 30/70.
2. TPS hasil penelitian memiliki karakteristik kadar air 11,97%, kadar abu 0,02%, kadar pati 67,05%, dan derajat kristalinitas 16,13%, sehingga TPS tersebut dapat dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan bioplastik.
3. Penggunaan maleat anhidrat mempengaruhi densitas dan sifat plastis
compatibilizer LLDPE-g-MA dan HDPE-g-MA, hal tersebut disebabkan karena semakin tinggi konsentrasi maleat anhidrat semakin tinggi nilai densitas dan semakin menurun nilai perpanjangan putus compatibilizer
LLDPE-g-MA dan HDPE-g-MA, sedangkan penggunaan jenis resin mempengaruhi nilai rata-rata densitas, kecepatan alir, titik leleh dan perpanjangan putus compatibilizer LLDPE-g-MA dan HDPE-g-MA.
Compatibilizer berbahan baku resin HDPE mempunyai nilai densitas, kecepatan alir, dan titik leleh lebih tinggi daripada resin LLDPE, tetapi nilai perpanjangan putusnya lebih rendah.
4. Berdasarkan standar karakteristik perpanjangan putus untuk aplikasi plastik kemasan pangan berbahan baku LLDPE, maka formula terbaik adalah bioplastik berbahan baku TPS/LLDPE/compatibilizer dengan konsentrasi TPS 40%, LLDPE 60% dan compatibilizer (MA 5%/derajat grafting 6,96%), sedangkan berdasarkan standar karakteristik kekuatan tarik untuk aplikasi plastik kemasan pangan berbahan baku HDPE, maka formula terbaik bioplastik berbahan baku TPS/HDPE/compatibilizer adalah TPS 30%, HDPE 70% dan compatibilizer (MA 7,5%/derajat grafting 3,21%).
5. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui tidak ada perubahan signifikan pada karakteristik mekanik (kuat tarik dan perpanajangan putus), permeabilitas, dan morfologi bioplastik pada berbagai suhu penyimpanan. Bioplastik memiliki kemampuan dalam mempertahankan kekuatan mekaniknya walaupun disimpan pada suhu rendah.
5.2. Saran
Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi kekuatan tarik dan perpanjangan putus, maka bioplastik dengan konsentrasi TPS 40% menunjukkan sifat mekanik masih sesuai standar untuk kemasan pangan LLDPE atau HDPE, oleh karena itu perlu penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui karakteristik bioplastik dengan konsentrasi TPS lebih dari 40%.
Berdasarkan hasil permeabilitas yang didapat bahwa bioplastik memiliki nilai laju transmisi uap air yang meningkat dan laju transmisi yang menurun dengan semakin meningkatnya konsentrasi TPS maka perlu penelitian lebih lanjut aplikasi pemanfaatan bioplastiksebagai plastik kemasan produk pangan/pertanian yang sesuai dengan sifat permeabilitas yang dimiliki.
Oleh karena pengembangan plastik pada penelitian ini diarahkan untuk aplikasi kemasan pangan maka disaranakan untuk dilakukan uji migrasi untuk mengetahui kestabilan komponen-komponen pembuat bioplastik.
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