(a) Preliminary reading:
Conant, J. B.—On Understanding Science. (
О.U.P. or Mentor, 1957.) Conant, J.
В.—Science and Common Sense. ( 0.U.P., 1951.)Jaffe, B.—C
гuci
Ыes: The Story of Chemistry. (Premier, 1957.)(b) Prescribed textbooks:
*Roneoed Source Material issued by the Department.
*Hall, A. K—From Galileo to Newton. ( Collins) [if available].
*Stillman, J. M.—The Story of. Alchemy and Early Chemistry. (Dover, 1960.) (c) Recommended for continual. reference:
Nagel, E.—The Structure of Science. (Routledge, 1961.)
Harvard Case Studies in Experimental Science. (Harvard Univ. Press.) Holton, G., and Roller, D: Foundations of Modern Physical Science. (Addison-
Wesley, 1958. )
Leicester, H. 1.—The Historical Background
ofChemistry. (Wiley 1956.) Partington, J. R.—A Short History of Chemistry. ( 2nd ed., Macmillan.) A further bibliography will be issued at the beginning of the year.
EXAMINATION. Two 3-hour papers.
EXTERNAL STUDIES
Students who have already made satisfactory progress towards their B.A. degree may apply in writing to the department for permission to take this subject externally.
NOTE: Any student wishing to enrol for H.P.S. II who passed H.P.S. A or
Вat Part 1 level before 1962 must consult the head of department who will prescribe such variation in the Part II syllabus as may be necessary.
185. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE III
The aim of this course is to study the development of scientific ideas and technology which have had important social or economic consequences.
A course of weekly seminars (2-3 hrs.) together with lectures where necessary.
Written work will be an integral part of the course and will consist of at least one essay each term.
SYLLA
ВUsA selection from the following or similar topics:
1. The Aristotelian concept of science and its methods; its influence and over- throw.
2. Science during the Renaissance. The influence of the artist and artisan on scientific thought. Science and Humanism.
3. Science and Religion.
4. The rise of chemical industry.
5. Development of steam, power.
8. Development of electrical power.
7. 18th Century French biology and its interconnections with the intellectual movements in pre-revolutionary France.
8. Development of Public Health measures.
9. Newtonian world system.
10. Problem of statics in relation to architecture and civil engineering.
BOOKS
The emphasis will be on original scientific publications and bibliographies will be issued by the department.
EXAMINATION. Two - 3-hour papers.
EXTERNAL STUDIES. Correspondence tuition is not available in this subject.
93. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE (SCIENCE COURSE )
A course of three lectures and one tutorial per week throughout the year, together with prescribed essay work. The essays will be regarded as an essential part of the course and the student must reach a satisfactory standard in these before he will be granted permission to take the final examination. The normal requirement will be two 3,000-word essays on approved topics.
SYLLABUS
The main emphasis of this course will be on the philosophy or logic of science, although the course will include a detailed historical case study, and historical examples will be used to illustrate logical points.
1. Introductory Lectures on Logic. The purpose of these lectures is to introduce the student to some of the tools of modern logical analysis.
2. The Nature of Mathematics. A discussion of empiricist, formalist, intuitionist, and other views about the foundations of arithmetic and geometry,-and of the relation- ship between mathematics and physical theory.
З. - General Problems in the Philosophy of Science. A selection of not more than four of the following topics:
(a) theories and explanations;
(b) verification and meaning;
(c) causality and probability;
d) laws and concepts;
e) metaphysical principles (e.g. the principles of simplicity, sufilcient reason, symmetry,-and essential connectivity).
4. Concept Analysis. A detailed logical analysis of one of the following groups of physical concepts:
(i) force and related concepts;
(ii) heat and temperature;
( iü) space and time;
(iv) measurement.
5. Historical Case Study. A detailed historical case study of some part or parts of the history of science, involving careful analysis of relevant primary source materiaL
BOOKS
The student will be provided with fairly extensive reading lists of books and journal articles as the course proceeds, and roneoed source material will be provided by the department.
(a) Recommended for preliminary reading: . . Butterfield, H.—The Origins of Modem Science. (Bell, 1957.)
Hospers, J.-An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis. (R.K.P., 1959.) Chap
-
ters 1-5.
(b) Prescribed textbooks:
*Nagel,
E.-The
Structure of Science. (R.K.P., 1961.)Dante, A., and Morgenbesser,
S.—Philosophy
of Science. (Meridian, 1960. ) EXAMINATION. Two 3-hour papers.EXTERNAL STUDIES. Correspondence tuition is not available in this subject.
HONOURS DEGREE O. SCHOOL OF HISTORY AND
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
( For possible combinations with this school see p. 220. )
1. The course for the degree with honours in the school of History and Philosophy of Science comprises the following subjects:
(a) History and Philosophy of Science I.
History and Philosophy of Science II.
History and Philosophy of Science (Science course).
History and Philosophy of Science C.
History and Philosophy of Science D.
(b) Two of the following subjects prescribed for the degree with honours in the school of Philosophy.
Philosophy part I.
Logic (pass).
Logic (hens).
Modern Philosophy.
Contemporary Philosophy.
Philosophical Psychology.
Or two of the following subjects prescribed for the degree with honours in the school of History:
British History, or Ancient History part I or Modern History
A.
General History part I.
General History part IL or part IIIA. • Ancient History part II,
( Students wishing to take Cenerai History part IIIB are required
to
have done General History part II. )Three subjects prescribed for the degree of В.Sć. (other than History and Philosophy of Science ( Science course) ), including one part II subject.
Two additional subjects prescribed for. either B.Sc. or B.A. degree including one subject above First Year level. (H.P.S. III is available as a subject for the B.A. degree. )
Candidates must be placed in the class list or reach honours standard in all subjects in groups (a) and (b), and in at least one subject from groups (c) or (d).
Note: The faculty, on recommendation from the head of the department, may permit a student to make certain substitutions to suit individual needs.
2. The range of subjects specified permits a considerable variety of courses. A candidate will require the recommendation of the department as to the actual choice and order of subjects before entering the Second or Third Year of the honours school.
3. (a) Students who have completed two years of the course for the bachelor of Science or Arts must be approved by the faculty of Arts (on application through the sub-dean) as candidates for the degree with honours before entering the Third Year of the honours school. The department of History and Philosophy of Science will normally recommend such approval for candidates who have gained first or second class honours in History and Philosophy of Science I, II or Science course, provided that the content and quality of the first two years as a whole may be considered in deciding on a recommendation. Candidates who have failed to gain first or second class honours in these subjects but who wish to continue in the honours school should interview the head of department who will be guided in making the recommendation by the merits of the case.
(c) (d)
A student who has not obtained honours in the requisite. suЬ еcts but who, at the end of the Third Year wishes to enter the honours school, must make special application to the faculty through the sub-dean for permission to do so. If such permission is granted the faculty will prescribe what further work must be completed before the student is allowed to proceed to the final examinations.
(b) Students may also be advised to attend other lectuxe courses which are regarded as relevant to their work.
4. The final honours examination will consist of the papers for History and Philosophy of Science D, together with either three essays of 3,000 words or one essay of 9,000 words on approved subjects. In the final assessment, results in other subjects may be taken into account.
91. HISTORY AND PHILOSPHY OF SCIENCE I (lions) A course of lectures as for the ordinary degree.
sYLLAws
As for the ordinary degree.
BOOKS
As prescribed for the ordinary degree.
EXAMINATION
Two 3-hour papers as for the ordinary degree. Candidates for honours will be expected to show a wider and more detailed knowledge than pass candidates in both the examination and the essay work.
92. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE II (Ions) A course of lectures as for the ordinary degree.
SYLLABUS
As for the ordinary degree.
BOOKS
As for the ordinary degree.
EXAMINATION
Two 3-hour papers as for the ordinary degree. Candidates for honours will be expected to show a wider and more detailed knowledge than pass candidates in both the examination and the essay work.
93. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE (SCIENCE COURSE) (Ions)
A course of lectures as for the ordinary degree.
SYLLABUS
As for the ordinary degree.
BOOKS
As prescribed for the ordinary degree.
EXAMINATION
Two 3-hour papers as for the ordinary degree. Candidates for honours will be expected to show a wider and more detailed knowledge than pass candidates in both the examination and the essay work.
168. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE C
(
A course of one lecture-seminar per week throughout the year. The purpose of this course is to consolidate and develop the philosophical and logical topics previously introduced. This course will normally be taken in the year after H.P.S.
Science Course).
Written work will be required but there will be no formal examination.
119