Ideology in the Twilight Novel. A Thesis: Letters and Humanities Faculty, State Islamic University (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, October 2010.
This research discussed Stephenie Meyers novel entitled “Twilight”, focusing on analyzing representation and the Ideology which emerge in that novel.
The objective of this research is to know how Vampire represented in the Twilight
and to know the ideology of the novel’s representation through from the action of the characters. This research uses qualitative method and followed by representation theory and ideology.
The researcher uses the data collected about Vampire representation to analyze how Vampire is described in the Novel and find resources to complete the research references. And the unit analysis of this research is the novel entitled “Twilight” by Stephenie Meyer.
The Novel attempts to present the brand new images of Vampire in her story. The representation of Vampire in the Twilight brings controversy because in the novel gives positive image toward Vampire, because there are so many different images with vampire that we have known before, from the actions, behaviors, and nature of Vampire itself. Besides that, the novel also presented positive image toward
Vampire.
Throughout the Twilight novel, all the members of vampires represented doing something positive like interact and socialize with human, helping people, adaptable, stylish and so on. Besides their members, the novel also describes about the other differences between another vampire in the past and brand new image of vampire, in the past they always doing something negative like “Drink” a human blood, dangerous, injuring people, etc.
From the analysis, the writer finds some characteristics of modern vampire. They are good looking, adaptable with human, kindly, friendly, and have a good act in their daily activities. They represent as a new creature that also has a human nature. Besides that, it can be assumed that the writer of this novel tries to create “The Ideology of Humanity”.
THE PROPOSED IDEOLOGY IN THE TWILIGHT NOVEL BY STEPHENIE MEYER
A Thesis
Submitted In The Faculty of Adab and Humanities in Partial Fulfillment Requirements for Strata One Degree (S1)
MELINDA ADRIANI NIM. 106026001005
Approved By: Advisor,
Inayatul Chusna, M. Hum NIP. 197801262003122002
ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH
JAKARTA
2010
NIM : 106026001005
Title : Vampire’s Representation Characteristics and The Proposed Ideology in The Twilight Novel by Stephenie Meyer.
The thesis has been defended before the Letters and Humanities Faculty’s Examination Committee on Tuesday, November 2nd , 2010. It has already been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Strata 1.
Jakarta, November 2nd , 2010 Examination Committee
Signature Date
1. Dr. H. Muhammad Farkhan, M.Pd (Chair Person) __________ _________ NIP: 19650919 200003 1 002
2. Drs. Asep Saefuddin, M.Pd (Secretary) __________ _________ NIP: 1640710 199303 1 006
3. Inayatul Chusna, M.Hum (Advisor) __________ _________ NIP: 19780126 200312 2 002
4. Drs. Abdul Hamid, M.Ed (Examiner I) __________ _________ NIP: 150181922
5. Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum (Examiner II) __________ _________ NIP: 19781003 200112 2 002
I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.
Jakarta, November 2010
Melinda Adriani
In the name of Allah, the most Gracious and the most Merciful
First of all the writer would be especially grateful to ALLAH SWT, the lord of the universe, who has created heavens and earth, who has created mankind and all that we perceive. Peace and blessing be upon the prophet Muhammad SAW, his fellows and followers.
Second, the writer would like to express her gratitude to Madrawan Subadri, her beloved father, for the useful advice and the financial support, she also thanks to her grandmother for the prayer and hope. And the unforgettable thanks to her lovely Mom, Ani Agustina , My little sister Devita Adriani and for all the contributions that she needs until the end of her study in this university. The writer thanks to her best friends Sri Rahayu and Lindawati.
Next, the writer would like to thank to her advisor Miss. Inayatul Chusna for the great patient and contribution to finish this thesis and for all her advices that have been given to her. Wish Allah will response her deeds with thousand kindnesses.
Consequently, the writer also thanks to these following people;
1. Prof. Dr. Komarudin Hidayat, the Rector of State Islamic University (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta.
2. Dr. Abdul Wahid Hasyim, M.Ag, the Dean of Letters and Humanities Faculty.
Department.
5. All the lecturers of English Letters Department, for being taught and educated her during she studies at the university.
6. All the librarians in Main Library of UIN Jakarta, Center Library, Adab Library and American Corner.
7. Arvie Johan, My lovely life partner, thank you for all your pray, love, attention, motivation, and support. Thank you for always being her reason to do everything right!
8. Her Classmates in BSI C and Literature Class : Lulu, Iis, Nisa, Nadia, Rohani, Royani, Kartika, Tazkiya, Anggi, Ina, Ismi, Ninda, Tirta, Fitriyah, Indah, Dian, Zoya, Lya, Nurul Khasanah, Nilam, Ega, Kiki, Wina, Damanhuri, Akin, Adnan Rasyid, Satrio, Cahya, Akbar, Fauzi, Rosyid, Teguh, Hayubi and Trisno.
9. FENSRTJ, Thank you for your never ending friendship.
Finally, the writer realizes that this paper is not perfect yet, it is a pleasure for her to receive some critics and suggestions.
Jakarta, November, 2010
The Writer
ABSTRACT ... i
A. The Characteristic of Vampires Representation in Twilight Novel ... 30
1.
Ability to Interact and Socialize with Human . 302.
They are Resistance to sunlight ... 333.
The Vegetarian Vampire ... 356.
Stylish and care to their appearance ... 41B. Ideology of Humanity in Twilight ... 43
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 47
A. Conclusion ... 47
B. Suggestion ... 48
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 49
Arranged by: Melinda Adriani
106026001005
ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
“SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH”
JAKARTA
2010
A Thesis submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty In Partial of the Requirements for
Strata 1 (S1) Degree
Arranged By: Melinda Adriani
106026001005
ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
“SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH”
JAKARTA
2010
A. Background of the study
A novel is an extended work of written, narrative, prose fiction,
usually in story form; the writer of a novel is a novelist. The English word
"novel" derives from the Italian word novella, meaning "a tale, a piece of
news". The novel is longer (40,000 words and onwards) and more complex
than either the short story and the novella, is not bound by the structural and
metrical restrictions of plays and poetry, and is not usually composed of the
traditional plots of myth and legend (contrast with "romance"). In many cases
a novel is about characters and their actions in everyday life (often the writer's
present), with emphasis on the "novelty" of the narrative. 1
Meanwhile, in other meaning novel is one of media to express
literary work that can be categorized as a discourse. At this time, there are so
many kinds of novel that circulate in the market. It’s even also all kind of
types. If first maybe more novels or story books that lift heroism story, history
and other legendaries story, now novel type already rapidly grow. Start in
1990s many novels appear with family theme, friendship, love and the other.
But not only have that, for devoted literature lovers, quite a few other novels
that more ‘contain’ from simply only discussed love problem.
1
http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Novel
In vampire literature covers the spectrum of literary work concerned
principally with the subject of vampires. The vampires novel first appeared in
eighteenth century poetry, before becoming one of the stock figures of gothic
fiction with the publication of Polidori's The Vampyre (1819), which was
inspired by the life and legend of Lord Byron. Later influential works include
the penny dreadful Varney the Vampire (1847); Sheridan Le Fanu's tale of
a lesbian vampire, Carmilla (1872) and the masterpiece of the genre: Bram
Stoker's Dracula (1897).
In later years, vampire stories have diversified into areas
of crime, fantasy, science fiction or even chick-lit. As well as the typical
fanged revenants, newer representations include aliens and even plants with
vampiric abilities. Others feed on energy rather than blood.2
A milestone in vampire literature was Elizabeth Caroline Grey's The
Skeleton Count, or The Vampire Mistress (1828), believed to be the first
vampire story published by a woman.3 An important later example of 19th
century Vampire fiction is the penny dreadful epic Varney the Vampire (1847)
featuring Sir Francis Varney as the Vampire. In this story we have the first
example of the standard trope in which the vampire comes through the
window at night and attacks a maiden as she lies sleeping.
2
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire_literature 3
Fascinating erotic fixations are evident in Sheridan le Fanu's classic
novella Carmilla(1872) which features a female vampire with lesbian
inclinations who seduces the heroine Laura whilst draining her of her vital
fluids. Le Fanu's story is set in the Duchy of Styria. Such central European
locations became a standard feature of vampire fiction.
Another important example of the development of vampire fiction
can be found in three seminal novels by Paul Féval: Le Chevalier
Ténèbre (1860), La Vampire (1865) and La Ville Vampire (1874). Marie
Nizet's Le Capitaine Vampire(1879) features a Russian officer, Boris
Liatoukine, who is a vampire.4
Then, in Twentieth century Though Stoker's Count Dracula remained
an iconic figure, especially in the new medium of cinema, twentieth century
vampire fiction went beyond traditional Gothic horror and explored new
genres such as science fiction. An early example of this is Gustave Le
Rouge's Le prisonnier de la planète Mars (1908) and its sequel La guerre des
vampires (1909), in which a native race of bat-winged, blood-drinking
humanoids is found on Mars.
One of the first "scientific" vampire novels, which also becomes
another influential example of vampire science fiction was Richard
Matheson's 1954 I Am Legend which as been used as the basis for the films
The Last Man on Earth (1964), The Omega Man (1971), and I Am Legend
(2007).
4
The latter part of the twentieth century saw the rise of multi-volume
vampire epics. The first of these was Gothic romance writer Marilyn
Ross's Barnabas Collins series (1966–71) loosely based on the contemporary
American TV series Dark Shadows. It also set the trend for seeing vampires as
poetic tragic heroes rather than as the traditional embodiment of evil. This
formula was followed in the popular Vampire Chronicles (1976–2003) series
of novels by Anne Rice and Chelsea Quinn Yarbro's massive Saint-Germain
series (1978–). Ross, Rice and Yarbro set the trend for multi-volume vampire
sagas which are now a stock feature of mass-market fiction (see below for
list). Rice's work also saw the beginning of the convergence of traditional
Gothic ideas with the modern Gothic subculture and a more explicit
exploration of the transgressive sexualities which had always been implicit in
vampire fiction.
The 1981 novel The Hunger (adapted as a film in 1983) continued the
theme of transgressive sexuality and examined the biology of vampires,
suggesting that their special abilities were the result of physical properties of
their blood. The novel suggested that not all vampires were undead humans,
but some were a separate species that had evolved alongside humans. This
interpretation of vampires has since then been used in several science-fiction
Kim Newman's Anno Dracula series (1992–) returns to Stoker's Count
Dracula and gives the genre a somewhat post-modern spin.
Post-Colonial perspectives on the vampire legend are provided in Nalo
Hopkinson's novel Brown Girl In The Ring(1998), which features
the Soucouyant, a vampire of Caribbean folklore, and in Tananarive Due's My
Soul to Keep (1995) and its sequel The Living Blood (2001).
Many books based on vampires are still being published, including
several continuing series. Anne Rice's Vampire Chronicles ended after many
years, but many others have started up in the meantime. Paranormal
Romance, inspired by Rice but mostly dropping the transgress sexuality of her
characters in favors of more conventional sexual roles, is a remarkable
contemporary publishing phenomenon. In many popular legends, a vampire
describes as a bloodsucking creature that rises from its burial place at night,
sometimes in the form of a bat, to drink the blood of humans. By daybreak it
must return to its grave or to a coffin filled with its native earth. Vampires are
supposedly dead humans (originally suicides, heretics, or criminals) who
maintain a kind of life by biting the necks of living humans and sucking their
blood; their victims also become vampires after death. These "undead"
creatures cast no shadow and are not reflected in mirrors. They can be warded
off by crucifixes or wreaths of garlic and can be killed by exposure to the sun
The most prominent new exponent of this sub-genre is Stephenie
Meyer with her "Twilight Saga." Other romances with handsome vampires as
the male lead include Lynsay Sands' Argeneau family series (2003–),
Charlaine Harris The Southern Vampire Mysteries series (2001–), and
Christine Feehan's Carpathian series (1999–). However, Laurell K. Hamilton's
Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter series has again shifted the genre boundaries
from romance back toward the territory of erotica.
Related to the number of English novel that now frequently circulate
in Indonesia, which have story quality that also jolly good, this matter inspires
me to use novel as the object in my research. This, I select Twilight novel the
works of Stephenie Meyer that also become first novel from tetra logy
Twilight saga.
In Twilight novel, Stephenie Meyer tries to represent a new image of
vampire. The novel represents vampire as a creature who has a good side and
act besides their images which we have ever known before, as a devil, horrible
creature, need a human blood to survive, and so on. Actually, vampires5 are
mythological creatures, the existence of which science has not yet been able to
prove. But there is a large amount of untested evidence directed towards the
fact that vampire tendencies are a possibility among humans.
The different representation of vampire in Twilight novel with the
real one raises many questions of what the novel actual intention is.
5
By analyzing how vampire is represented in the novel, it reveals the
ideology of the book represent such description.
B. Focus of the Study
In accordance with background above, this research will be
concentrated on how vampire represented in Twilight novel the works of
Stephenie Meyer is depicted and whether ideology that constitute
representation of vampire is referred as by using theory of representation. Data
Source which to use in research this is the novel Twilight the works of
Stephenie Meyer.
C. Research Questions
In this study, the research questions which are proposed are:
1. What characteristics are showed by vampire’s representation in Twilight
novel?
2. What ideology that is purposed by the writer of this novel?
D. Significance of the Study
The writer hopes that this research can develop our
acknowledgement in literature, especially to many other references using
representation theory approach on literary works. So that it will be more
E. Research Methodology
1. The Objections of the Research
a. Understanding the characteristic of the representation of Vampires in
Twilight Novel.
b. Describing the ideology which is purposed by the writer of this novel
2. The Method of the Research
The method which is used in this research is qualitative method; the result
of this research will be described in analytical description. Meanwhile, this
research will be attached with theories of representation by Stuart Hall. In
this study, the writer will describe some characteristics and find out the
ideology that purposed by the writer of this novel.
3. The Data Analysis Technique
In this research, the writer uses descriptive analysis technique which is
supported by a theory of representation based on critical literary.
4. Instrument of Research
In this research, the researcher herself is the subject of the study who
collects the data from Twilight novel by Stephenie Meyer that published in
5. The Unit of Analysis
Unit of analysis in this research is the content of Twilight novel by
Stephenie Meyer. Twilight novel published in 2005 by Little, Brownian
and Company, New York.
5. Place and Time of Research
The research begins in 2010 at English Letters Department, Adab dan
CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. The Concept of representation
The concept of Representation has come to occupy a new and
important place in the study of culture. Representation means using language
to say something meaningfully about, or to represent the world meaningfully,
to other people. Representation is an essential part of the process by which
meaning is produced and exchanged between members and culture. It does
involve the use language of signs and images, which stand for or represent
things. The word ‘represent’ have three possible meanings: 6
1. To represent meaning to stand in for, as in the case of singing a
nation’s anthem in the Olympiad 2008 where every nation’s
anthem will be sung to indicate that country is in participated.
2. To represent meaning to speak or act on behalf of. A person who
represents a group in this sense may also serve a symbolic
function. An example might Soekarno – Hatta, who speak and act
on behalf of the Indonesia community.
3. To ‘represent’ meaning to present. In this sense, an artist can
re-present a society in a novel, film and drama.
6
Hall, Stuart. Representation, Cultural Representation, Cultural Representation and Signifying Practice. London: Sage Publication Ltd 1997. P. 57
The writer uses the last definition ‘represent’ which meaning is
presented again. There are to systems of representation, involved.
First, there is a ‘system’ by which all sorts of objects people and
events are correlated with a set of concepts or mental representations, which
the author carry around in the reader’s minds. Without them, we could not
interpret the world meaningfully at all. In the first place, then, meaning
depends on the system of concepts and images formed in our thoughts which
can stand for or ‘represents’ the world, enabling us to refer to things both
inside and outside our heads. The example is simple enough to see how the
author might from concepts for thing we can perceive-people or material
objects like chairs, tables, and desks. But we also form concepts of rather
obscure and abstract things, which we can not see in any simple way, feel, or
touch. Think, for example of our concepts of war, or death, friendship or love.
The second system of representation is language involved in the
overall process of constructing meaning. Our shared conceptual map must be
translated into a common language, so that the reader can correlate the
author’s concepts and ideas with certain written words, spoken sounds or
visual images. The general term the author use for words, sound images
which carry meaning is signs. These signs stand for or represent the concept
and the conceptual relations between them which the author carries around in
the reader’s minds and together they make up the meaning system of the
This is a ‘system of representation’, because it consists, not of
individual concepts, but of different ways of organizing, clustering, arranging
and classifying concepts, and of establishing complex relation between them.
Meanings depend on the relationship between things in the
world-people, objects and events, real or fictional-and the conceptual system, which
can operate as mental representation of them.
Any sound, word, image, or object which functions as a sign, and is
organized with other signs into a system which is capable of carrying and
expressing meaning is, from the point of view, a ‘language’.
At the heart of meaning process in culture, then, are two related
‘system of representation’. The first enables us to give meaning to the world
by constructing a set of correspondences or a chain of equivalences between
things – people, objects, events, abstract ideas, etc – and our system of
concepts, our conceptual maps. The second depend on constructing a set of
correspondences between our conceptual and a set of signs, arranged or
organized into various languages which stand for or represent those concepts.
The relation between ‘things’, concepts, and signs lies at the heart of the
production of meaning in language. The process which links these three
elements together is what we call ‘representation’.7
To explain how representation of the meaning through language
works the writer can use three approaches of representation:
7
First, reflective approach, it means thought to lie in the object, person,
idea, or event in the world and language functions like mirror, to reflect the
true meaning as it already exists in the world.
Second, the intentional approach, it means that is the speaker, the
author who imposes his or her unique meaning on the world through
language. Words mean what the author intends they should mean.
Third, the constructive approach, acknowledges that neither things in
themselves nor the individual users of language can fix meaning in language.
Things do means: construct meaning, using representational systems-concepts
and signs. According to this approach, the writer must not confuse the
material world, here things and people exist, and the symbolic practices and
processes through which representation, meaning and language operate.
Constructivists do not deny the existence of the material world. However, it is
not the material world which conveys meanings: it is the language system or
whatever system the writer is using to represent her concept. It is social actors
who use the conceptual system of their culture and the linguistic and other
conceptual systems of their culture and the linguistic and other
representational systems to construct meaning, to make the world meaningful
and to communicate about that world meaningfully to others.8
There are three approaches relate to the representation; reflective
approach, intentional approach and constructionist approach. The writer uses
Constructionist Approach which has purpose to construct the meaning of
8
Vampire in the Twilight novel. Constructionist recognizes public, social
character of language. Things don’t mean: we construct meaning, using
representational system – concepts and signs. It is social actors who use the
conceptual system of their culture and the linguistic and other
representational system to construct meaning, to make the world meaningful
and to communicate about that world meaningfully to others.9
B. Concept of Character and Characterization B.1 Character
One of the essential elements of drama is character. Character is the
primary material from which plots are created through the speech and
behavior of dramatic personage. Character is the person told in the story
who builds in the story. Character may be described as presented actors or
actress as a player of the drama.
William H Gass defines that “characters are those primary substances
to which everything else is attached”.10 Here Gass breaks through the
stereotype that character is not only a person but it can also refer to natural
objects, symbols and even idea.
Hubenka/Garcia in the Design of Drama defines “character as the people
within the play who enact the dramatic action”.11 It means that characters in
drama are the persons presented in works of drama who convey their personal
9
Ibid. p. 25 10
Michael J. Hoffman and Patrick D. Murphy, Essential of the theory of fiction. (Durham and London : Duke Press University, 1988), p.vii.
11
qualities through dialogue and action by which the reader or audience
understands their thought, feeling, intentions and motives. The personal
qualities here may either be physical and superficial (external) or
psychological and spiritual (internal). Characters can possess both types of
these personal qualities. They are:
a. External Characteristics which consist of names, physical appearance,
physical nature, manner of speech and accent, manner of dress, social
status, class, education, friends, community interest.
b. Internal Characteristics which consist of thoughts, feelings, and
emotions. To perform those characteristics whether external or internal,
the writer of the play usually performs the character in the different ways.
Character in drama can be major or minor, protagonist or antagonist, flat
or round, and static or dynamic.12
1. Major and Minor Characters
Major or central or main character is a character that holds
and important role, very dominant and always appears in each
conflict. On the contrary, the character which appears only few times
and takes the shorts portion is called minor or subordinate character.
2. Protagonist and Antagonist characters
Protagonist is the first actor or the main character of the
drama, the one who is center of action and holds the attention even
though he does not appear throughout the play, as James Potter does
12
in his Elements of Literature that “even if does not always actively
initiate the events, the protagonist is always the focal point of the
story”.13 While antagonist Character is character who always causes
problems for the protagonist’s opposing force.
The antagonist does not need be a person; it can be animal,
a superstition, a misconception, fate or any abstraction or force
placed in dramatic conflict with protagonist. Similarly the
protagonist does not need be a hero or even heroic. There are not
admirable things about him, since the concern is with object of
attention, not its morality.
3. Flat and Round Characters
As E.M Foster points out in his book Aspect of the novel
“flat or type or two dimensional character is constructed around
single idea or quality, it never surprises”.14 It means flat character is
defined by a single quality without much individualizing detail from
the character. When flat character is performed in a play, the
character is denied to grow and change.
While round character is a complex individual incapable o
being easily defined because round character’s physical, emotional,
and intellectual dimension change. When a play is performed by
round character, the character must change, both central and
4. Static and Dynamic characters
Static character is character who remain sable in his attitude
throughout a work. While dynamic character undergoes personal
development and change through a gradual process or a crisis.
The concept of the character in drama is more familiar than
the other intrinsic elements and it is more interesting for many
people. Character is rather easily discernible and it engages a natural
interest in personalities.15 But because most of dramas do not
include the narrators who present the background, instead, the
character in drama can be learned by the reader through the
character’s words, actions, and comments by others about them and
the playwright stage directions. For example from the character’s
words, the readers learn about the emotions, attitudes, hopes, fears,
strengths and weakness through the monologue, dialogue and
soliloquy.16 And the character’s words can convey important information to drama’s action and to development of its theme.
B.2 Characterization
Beside character, another element which is very important in drama is
characterization. Character and characterization are different. If the character
is the person in the story, characterization is the way in which a character is
created. In other word “characterization is the process by which the writer
15
Robert C. Roby and Bary Ulanov, Introduction to Drama ( New York : Book Company inc, 1962), p.xii.
16
reveals the personality of a character”.17 It means characterization refers to the
way in which the author and the actors establish character, through particular
features of dialogue, action, gesture (manual, facial or both) and so on.
Two methods of characterization often distinguished are those in which
the author shows without comment a character’s words and action, implying
rather that describing their traits and its called indirectly or implicitly
characterization. The other one is directly or explicitly characterization, in
directly characterization, the author tells the reader directly about the character
explicitly, even intrusively guiding the audience’s understanding of characters
through commentary and evaluation.
Briefly, the reader or audiences know about the characterization through
two ways are direct and indirect method. Direct method tells to the audiences
or the readers what the personality of the character is. While indirect method
shows the things that reveal the personality of a character.
C. Concept of Ideology
First of all, ideology can refer to systematic body of ideas articulated
by a particular group of people. For example, we could speak of ‘professional
ideology’ to refer to the ideas which inform the practices of particular
professional groups. We could also speak of the ‘ideology of the labor party’.
Here we would be referring to the collection of political, economic and social
ideas, which inform the aspirations, and activities of the party.
17
A second definition suggests a certain masking, distortion,
concealment. Ideology is used here to indicate how some cultural texts and
practices present distorted images of reality. They produce what is called
‘false consciousnesses’. Such distortions, it is argued, work in the interest of
the powerful against the interest of the powerless. Using this definition, we
might speak of capitalist ideology.
A third definition of ideology (closely related to and in some ways
dependent on, the second edition) uses the term to refer to ‘ideological
forms.’ This usage is intended to draw attention to the way in which texts
(television fiction, pop song, novels, feature films, etc.) always present a
particular image of the world. This definition depends on a notion of society
as conflict rather than consensual. Texts are said to take sides, consciously or
unconsciously, in this conflict. The German playwright Bertolt Brecht
summarizes the point: Good or bad, a play always include an image of the
world….There is no play and no theatrical performance which does not in
some way affect the disposition and conceptions of the audience.
A fourth definition is one that was very influential in the 1970s and
early 1980s. It is definition of ideology developed by the French Marxist
philosopher Louise Althusser. Ideology is encountered in the practices of
every day life and not simply in certain ideas about everyday life.
A fifth definition of ideology is one associated with the early work of
the French cultural theorist Roland Barthes. He argues that ideology operates
meanings that texts and practices carry, or can be made to carry. Ideology (or
‘myth’ as Barthes himself calls it) is the terrain on which takes places a
hegemonic struggle to restrict connotations, to fix particular connotations, to
produce new connotations.18
Here the writer uses the third definitions of ideology because
Stephenie Meyer when represent Vampire is intended to draw attention to the
way in which texts (television fiction, pop songs, novels, feature films, etc)
made the positive image to represented the vampire.
D. Concept of Humanity
Humanistic Psychology is so named due to its core belief in the basic
goodness present in and respect for humanity. Its core is founded upon
existential psychology, or the realization and understanding of one's existence
and social responsibility. The two psychologists, Carl Rogers and Abraham
Maslow initiated the movement with this new perspective on understanding
people's personality and improving their overall life satisfaction.
When war broke out in the 1960s, the world felt compelled to better
understand the nature of humanity. Humanistic theory provides an
understandable mechanism for examining an individual's need for conflict in
order to create peace. This simplistic theory has become a favorite and
popular topic throughout self-help literature. Additionally, the struggle for
18
mankind to gain greater understanding and meaning for life and existence is a
timeless cornerstone conflict in entertainment and literature.
The premise behind humanistic psychology is simple. So simple, in
fact, that naysayer believes it to be excessively simple. Humanists adhere to
these beliefs:
1. The present is the most significant aspect of someone. As results
humanists emphasize the here and now instead of examining the past or
attempting to predict the future.
2. To be mentally healthy, individuals must take personal responsibility for
their actions, regardless if those actions are positive or negative.
3. Each person, simply by being, is inherently worthy. While any given
action may be negative, these actions do not cancel out their value as a
person.
4. The ultimate goal of living is to attain personal growth and
understanding. Through constant improvement and
self-understanding can an individual ever be truly happy.
Abraham Maslow provided the best known and mostly widely
understood precept in humanistic psychology. Abraham Maslow believed
that Watson and the other behaviorists' ideas about control were lacking. He
saw human life as more than simply external reinforcement, disputing the
assumption that humanity was born without value or direction.
When he was studying psychology, the prevalent ideas were
courses and a great deal of energy was used for each psychologist to identify
the theory aspiring psychologists would subscribe to. Maslow did not follow
either of these paths.
He condemned behaviorism, eventually taking the
same perspective with Freud's works as well. Even though Maslow accepted
the existence of an unconscious being within us, Maslow refuted Freud's
idea that the bulk of our being is hidden far from our consciousness.
Maslow purported that humanity is aware of motivation and drives on the
whole. Without life's obstacles, all of humanity would become healthy
psychologically, attaining a deep self-understanding and acceptance of
society and the world around them. Maslow reinforced his energy
on realizing the positive aspects of mankind, while Freud saw mostly
negativity. One might summarize the distinction between humanism and
psychoanalytic thought in this way - psychoanalysis is founded
upon acceptance determinism, or acceptance of aspects of our lives outside
of control, while humanistic thought bases itself on the concept of free will.
Maslow's best known contribution to Humanistic psychology is his
Hierarchy of Needs. Maslow's Needs Hierarchy is frequently used to sum
up the humanistic psychology belief system. The fundamental premise of
his hierarchy is that everyone is born with specific needs. If we do not meet
those base needs, we are unable to survive and focus upward within the
needs. That enable all of them are survival needs to obtain oxygen, sleep,
water, and food, all else.
After we meet these needs, we can shift our focus to the next
stratum, the need for security and safety. When pursuing safety needs, we
attempt to secure safety in others and yearn to create an environment that
protects us, keeping us free from harm. Until these goals are met, it is
unlikely that someone would consider higher order needs, and their growth
is then stifled.
When someone feels safe and secure, we attempt to build
friendships and establish a sense of belonging to a greater whole. Maslow's
third level of needs, the social needs of belonging and love, focus on our
desire to be belong to a group and have a place in a larger whole. Meeting
social needs get us one step closer to the top of the triangle -- the fourth
level: esteem needs. Those attempting to fulfill esteem needs channel their
energy on respect from others, self-esteem, self-respect, and gaining
recognition for our accomplishments in life. We push further and further to
excel in our careers, to expand our knowledge, and to constantly increase
our self-esteem.
The final level in the hierarchy is called the need for
self-actualization. According to Maslow, many people may be in this level but
very few, if anybody, ever master it. Self-actualization refers to a complete
understanding of the self. To be self-actualized means to truly know who
accomplishing all that you are meant to be. It means to no longer feel shame
or guilt, or even hate, but to accept the world and see human nature as
inherently good.19
In the Twilight Saga novels by Stephenie Meyer which revolves
about a romance between a vampire and human. The vampire character was
portrayed as a modern vampire. This is clearly illustrated in all members of
the Cullens, which are Edward, Alice, Jasper, Rosalie, Emmett, Carlisle and
Esme. As a vampire, they represents as a creature who has a good side and
act besides their images which we have ever known before, as a devil,
horrible creature, need a human blood to survive, and so on.
These groups are represented by certain condition that gives
positive image toward it. The certain condition of the real new image that is
used by the novel can be seen in the representation of Edward Cullen, as the
member of vampire family, who also becomes the main of character. He is
represented as a vampire who has an unbelievably gorgeous appearance,
able to interact and socialize well with people, have a human feeling and
passion, like love, care, protect, and also they have a good environment with
their human friends.
From the description above, it shows the ideology that underlies
the vampire figure in this story is the ideology of humanity which is from
the beginning has been described and supported by the vampires’
representation itself. This ideology is created because the author wants to
19
display the figure of a vampire that has true nature attitude of his/her
personalities and also wants to show the humanity side of the vampire.
E. Characteristics of Vampire
A vampire is a mythical or folkloric creature said to subsist on
human and/or animal blood often having magical powers and the ability to
transform. Usually the vampire is the corpse of a dead person, reanimated or
made undead by one means or another. Some cultures have myths of
non-human vampires, such as demons or animals like bats, dogs, and spiders.
Vampires are often described as having a wide variety of additional powers
and character traits, extremely variable in different traditions, and are a
frequent subject of folklore, cinema, and contemporary fiction.20
Beth Howard states that vampires are mythological creatures, the
existence of which science has not yet been able to prove. But there is a large
amount of untested evidence directed towards the fact that vampire
tendencies are a possibility among humans. And with the recent increase in
awareness through books and movies, vampires like Count Dracula,
Nosferatu, Count Yorga, Spike, Edward Cullens and others have amassed an
impressive fan following.
There are certain features that put vampires into a class of their own,
one which is quite different from any human being with cannibalistic
20
tendencies. To understand these better here are a few of them explained in
detail:
1. “Drink” a human blood
Blood, either human or animal, is a major part of a vampire’s diet.
Since drinking human blood would be partially cannibalistic and make it
difficult for them to function normally in human society, a small number
of them prefer animal blood. They eat little or nothing else, which is
what, makes them easy to identify.
2. Resistance to Sunlight
Sunlight has an adverse effect on vampires making their skin
burn and kills them, because the UV rays burn up the blood and turn it
into an 'acid', where it decomposes the skin and most of the bones,
leaving a burnt carcass. As the vampires age, the sun becomes holds less
sway over them. This is one of the main reasons most of them prefer to
be indoors during the day and become more active at night. They also
cannot tolerate high temperatures and tropical climates, and are therefore
more likely to populate the cooler parts of the world. However, this is
believed to be a largely psychological condition that can be controlled
with great willpower. That is why some of the older and more
experienced vampires, by mastering their thoughts, are able to roam
around safely in the sunlight without feeling its effects. In some
instances sunlight, instead of burning up vampire flesh, makes it
all cases, it still makes the vampire stand out in a crowd of humans,
making it necessary for him to avoid sunlight.
3. Fangs or Large Canines
All vampires have fangs or large canines, whether you can see
them or not. These are very similar to the ones animals have, though
much sharper. Their main purpose is to dig deep into human flesh and
make precise puncture wounds needed to start the blood flow. In some
cases the fangs are retractable like claws and are only displayed when
the vampire is in attack mode. Usually this is accompanied by a change
in their facial composition making them more animalistic and savage.
4. Breathtaking Beauty
Breathtaking beauty is also another characteristic that is
associated with vampires. They have the power to maximize their charm
and good looks making them extremely attractive, especially to humans
they want to prey on. They are also very well dressed and manage to
keep up with the latest fashion even though some of them have lived for
over hundreds of years.
5. Immortal
Immortal is something we associate with all vampires but this is
not necessarily true. What vampires are vulnerable to is being stabbed in
the heart with a stake? If you do this and then cut off their heads before
burning their bodies, then you can be sure that you have killed the
feels no pain and cannot be injured. But there is some amount of
evidence which shows that prolonged contact and attachment to humans
does make vampires vulnerable to mortal pain and harm.21
21
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH FINDINGS
Twilight Saga is a series of novels by Stephenie Meyer which revolves
about a romance between a vampire and human. The Tetra logy novels that came
from the United States and launched on October 5, 2005, was so enthused by the
readers of the novels in Indonesia. Twilight is the first novel series of four novels,
namely the New Moon, Eclipse and BreakingDawn. These novels are included in
the category of light novels because they only have the number of pages that are
not too much, that is 512 Twilight (Hardcover), 544 Twilight (Paper bag) and also
a story that is easily understood.
The genre of Twilight novel is for the Young-Adult, Fantasy and
Romantic. The author, Stephenie Meyer, was born in Hartford, Connecticut,
United States, December 24, 1973; she was a novelist that started to write stories
based on a dream about a girl who falls in love with a vampire. Then she poured it
into tetra logy novels Twilight saga. So indeed, the stories in this novel are a
fictional story written by the author. And the entire content of the Twilight series
is told through the point of view of Bella Swan, the main character.
A. The Characteristic of Vampires Representation in Twilight Novel
Edward Cullen, one of the Cullens family children, who became a
modern vampire that portrayed by the authors is the main character in this
novel. In this novel, there are also several other members of the Cullen family,
Emmett, Rosalie, Jasper, Alice, and their adoptive parents, Carlisle and
Renesmee. Although they are not blood relatives, but they are have very
similar face, four brothers with good look and extraordinary beauty, pale, cold
skin, perfect white teeth hide the razor-sharp fangs of poisonous, stylish, has
an unmatched elegance, mystery and wonderful they are able to interact and
socialize well with people, and far from the depiction of a conventional
vampire figures.
In the Twilight Saga novel by Stephenie Meyer, the vampire
character was portrayed as a modern vampire different from what we knew
before. This is clearly illustrated in all members of the Cullens, which are
Edward, Alice, Jasper, Rosalie, Emmett, Carlisle and Esme. Here are some
brief representation of vampire figures in Twilight, and also some reasons why
the Vampires in this novel are different than the vampire we knew in the past.
From the novel, the writer tries to describe some characteristics of modern
vampire as follows:
1. Ability to Interact and Socialize With Human
The children of the Cullen family go to school at Forks High
vampire, Edward Cullen met Bella, an ordinary girl that eventually
became his partner.
Edward : “Get started,” he commanded.
“Ladies first, partner?” Edward asked.
I looked up to see him smiling a crooked smile so beautiful that I could only stare at him like an idiot. Edward : “Or I could start, if you wish.”
The smile faded; he was obviously wondering if I was mentally competent.
Bella : “No,” I said, flushing. “I’ll go ahead.”
I was showing off, just a little. I’d already done this lab, and I knew what I was looking for. It should be easy. I snapped the first slide into place under the microscope and adjusted it quickly to the 40X objective. I studied the slide briefly.
Bella : My assessment was confident. “Prophase.”
Edward : “Do you mind if I look?”
He asked as I began to remove the slide. His hand caught mine, to stop me, as he asked. His fingers were ice-cold, like he’d been holding them in a snowdrift before class. But that wasn’t why I jerked my hand away so quickly. When he touched me, it stung my hand as if an electric current had passed through us. Edward : “I’m sorry,” he muttered, pulling his hand back
immediately.
However, he continued to reach for the microscope. Bella : I watched him, still staggered, as he examined the slide
for an event shorter time than I had. (Twilight, P.45)
This was a conversation between Edward Cullen and Isabella Swan,
when they were in the same biology class. Edward and Bella became
partners while working on group tasks. This dialogue indicates that
Edward is able to interact with human being. He always begins the
conversation with Bella by decent words, like “Or I could start, if you
wish”, “Do you mind if I look?”, and so on, that shows Edward expresses
In this dialog, Edward is a vampire who can interact with a human
being, Bella, and performs a good job with his group. The use of
expression or phrases that show politeness creates an impression that
Edward is a well-mannered man which not only makes him able to
communicate with Bella but also fascinates her.
Besides being described as a polite person, Edward is also described
as a sensitive person.
Edward : “Why did you come here, then?”
No one had asked me that – not straight out like he did, demanding.
Bella : “It’s...complicated.”
Edward : “I think I can keep up,” he pressed.
I paused for a long moment, and then made the mistake of meeting his gaze. His dark gold eyes confused me, and I answered without thinking.
Bella : “My mother got remarried,” I said.
Edward : “That doesn’t sound so complex,” he disagreed, but he was suddenly sympathetic. “When did that happen?”
Bella : “Last September.” My voiced sounded sad, even to me.
(Twilight, p.48)
This conversation happens while they were in a biology class and
become a partner for group work. At that moment, Bella is a new student
at school, who doesn’t knowmany friends.
First, Bella did not think she can be close with Edward, because he
was loved by women in his school. But during biology class, and they both
become a team, Bell’s point of view changed. Edward who was known as
a quiet person, cold and tends to be arrogant toward women by his
In the conversation it is obvious that Edward wants to start
interacting with a human being by asking about how Bella can get to the
city of Forks. The figure of Edward as a vampire in this story is not scary
so that Bella can accept him. Even though the answer is quite simple, but
Bella also want to start a good interaction with Edward. When Edward
asked why Bella could get to the city Forks, Bella answered shortly, "It's
complicated ...", but Edward’s faith to keep secrets and also how he
"forced" Bella to tell the story, Bella finally willing to say honestly why
she got in that small town.
Although Cullens Family has a limited environment, in a sense
they can not really live and socialize with other human beings in general,
because they also have to maintain their existence as the "cold blooded",
but they had an opportunity to interact directly with humans. Their human
friends in the Forks High School can accept them with good presence.
They learn as usual and no one knows their true identity. And no doubt,
the vampires who are in this Twilight novel, does have a strong ability to
interact with humans.
2. They areResistance to Sunlight
Vampires in the Twilight novel are hard to destroy, as they want or
are not harmed in any way deterred by the sun, holy water, running
water, garlic, stakes, or crosses. When Edward was in the sun, his skin
diamonds embedded below the surface of his skin. Edward, as the
central figure of a vampire was described bright and shiny handsome
when he is under the sun.
“Myth.” He hesitated for a moment, and a peculiar tone entered his voice.
Bella : “I can’t sleep.” (Twilight, p.185-186).
This was a conversation between Edward and Bella, where Edward
tried to explain to Bella that vampires burnt when exposed to sunlight and
sleep in a coffin, it's just a myth. Bella tried to understand and believe the
explanation by Edward although it was not easy for ordinary people to
believe it.
Edward explained to Bella if that sunlight could not hurt him, not
even burn him, he was immune to sunlight, unlike other vampire myths.
But although he was "immune" to the sun, still he could not go out and
reveal himself when he was exposed to direct sunlight. Of course this
everybody as the sun shone directly, but Edward promised he would one
day showed Bella why he could not do it.
Of course this is different from the conventional vampire figures,
that the sun is vampire’s greatest enemy. Sunlight can burn their skins, so
it would not be strange if there is a myth said that vampires always go out
at night. In the daytime, when the blazing sun, they prefer to "rest" in a
coffin, or at least not in a room exposed to sunlight.
3. The Vegetarian Vampire
The Cullen family can be said to be the only vampire family are
"vegetarian" and had managed to blend in human life. Edward and other
family members were very unique, they were adopted by Dr. Carlisle
Cullen and his wife, which of course a vampire. Edward had adopted
brothers and sisters they are Alice, Jesper, Rosalie and Emmet. What
became the main differentiator with other vampire clans that the Cullen
families are "vegetarian", or they are not to suck fresh human blood. They
make themselves as "vegetarian" because they did not want to be a
blood-sucking monster; they are more like to be known as a good vampire’s
family. Although Edward admitted, with only sucking the blood of
animals, can not satisfy their "hunger", but able to make them survive.
Bella : “Tell me why you hunt animals instead of people,” I
suggested, my voice still tinged with desperation. I realized my eyes were wet, and I fought against the grief that was trying to overpower me.
Edward : He paused. “ I can’t be sure, of course, but I’d compare it to living on tofu and soy milk; we call ourselves vegetarians, our little inside joke. It doesn’t completely satiate the hunger – or rather thirst. But it keeps us strong enough to resist. Most of the time.” His tone turned ominous. “Sometimes it’s more difficult than others.” (Twilight, p. 187-188).
Moreover, we can read the use of word “monster” that Edward
intentionally emphasizes: “I don’t want to be a monster” The using of
“monster” means that Edward wants to describe that he and his family are
so different with the other conventional vampire in the past. Edward tries
to explain that they show seems like a normal human being, who has a
different interest with other conventional vampire. They prefer like to
“drink” an animal blood than human blood because they want to be a good
vampire.
The Cullen family has been the first 'fast' to suck human blood,
because they want to be a good vampire who can be useful for humans.
This family has a habit to prey on wild animals instead of human blood,
and their favorite targets are bears and mountain lions. The members of
Cullen family, individually or in groups often enter the jungle which
allegedly not known to be exist by humans to hunt wild animals that will
be their meal.
Bella : “Why did you go to that Goat Rocks place last
weekend...to hunt? “Bears?” I gasped, and he smirked Edward : “You know, bears are not in season,” I added sternly, to
hide my shock. “If you read carefully, the laws only cover hunting with weapons,” he informed me.
Edward : “Grizzly is Emmett’s favorite.” His voice was still offhand, but his eyes were scrutinizing my reaction. I tried to pull myself together.
Bella : “Hmmm,” I said, taking another bite of pizza as an
excuse to look down. I chewed slowly, and then took a long drink of Coke without looking up.
“So,” I said after a moment, finally meeting his now anxious gaze. “What’s your favorite?”
He raised an eyebrow and the corners of his mouth turned down in disapproval. “Mountain lion.” (Twilight, p. 214-215).
Edward and all the members of Cullen’s family never “drink” a
human blood, because they want to be a good vampire, who can be a
human best friend. Edward and all his family go to the Goat Rocks to hunt
their “food”. They prefer like a wild animal in the jungle than they must to
hunt a human. They have a different interest of the animal, like Grizzly is
Emmett’s favorite, while Edward likes Mountain lion.
While Carlisle (also known as Stregoni Benefici) is the husband of
Esme and also the adoptive father of Edward, Rosalie, Emmett, Alice, and
Jasper, the head of the Cullen family was living as a doctor in the
emergency unit of a hospital in Forks. First appeared in Twilight with his
physical appearance is like a 23-years-old man. Carlisle is described as a
model, he has blond hair, has around 187 cm tall, and slender, but stout.
Carlisle had an opinion that if humans turned into vampires, they'll get
some power associated with their past. He believed that he brought a sense
of pity from his past. Carlisle has been studied for centuries to establish his
medical knowledge; therefore he became a great doctor and was well
smell of human blood, due to his training over 300 years, resisted the
temptation. Where every day he's dealing and handling of blood, but the
'experience' taught him not to repeat the dark history of the vampire that
seems have been outlined to always 'go crazy and passionate' when they
see fresh blood which they did not have in their body. Although every day
Carlisle sipping 'smell of food', but he was like the saints who fasted and
always able to restrain his desire.
4. Having Special Abilities
All vampires in this story possessed superhuman strength, speed,
agility and immunity. Their senses are incredibly great. They can move,
jump, Climb, and run incredibly fast, running is described as being second
nature. This probably inherited by their ability as a human before
becoming a vampire, and becomes obvious when they started their lives as
a vampire. Edward (birth name: Edward Anthony Masen) was born on
June 20, 1901 in the city of Chicago, Illinois and then trapped in the body
of the eternal boy aged 17 years. When he was dying from the Spanish flu
epidemic in 1918, he was changed into a vampire by Dr. Carlisle Cullen
after Edward's mother, Elizabeth, begged him to save Edward.
Edward has a very strong physically, has the ability to jump, run,
moving from one place to another with high speed and also has a talent to
read other people's thoughts, but he was not able to read Bella's mind, he
Bella : “Are you like a bear too?” I asked in a low voice.
Edward : “More like the lion, or so they tell me,” he said lightly. (Twlight, p. 216)
Edward uses a “lion” to represent himself, who has a very strong
physically, has the ability to jump and run. His appearance is so tough and
brave can describe like a lion. This description is also different with the
other vampire that we ever know before. The conventional vampire only
move slow by jump, they can not to run fast. Jump and run are the perfect
ability, which only Edward’s fortune.
Another case, when Edward left the house with Bella, usually he
uses his ability to make it easier. It also meant that they were unseen by
human. Edward asks Bella to go up to his back, then swiftly he leaped
through the window of Bella’s room and jumped swiftly from one tree to
another.
And the last is, Emmet, he has strong physical appearance like a
lion. He was superior in the physical side. He is tall, sturdy and strong
vampire which made him look very tough.
Of course this is very different from the habits and the depiction of
a vampire as we know it before, because the vampires in this novel do
5. Not Scary and has a Remarkable Charm
Edward Cullen is described of having pale, cold skin, perfect white
teeth hide the razor-sharp fangs of poisonous, his half-smile can make
anyone’s heart pounding, topaz-colored eyes and a mixture of style and
behavior between men and a thinkers of the classic century he was
introverted teenage boy too.
A handsome Vampire aged 110-years-old but look like aged 17.
He has curly black hair, the color of his eyes that can change: from green
to gold, a melancholy man who rarely smiles and he was very frustrated
with the fact that he is the blood thirst exploiters and the woman he loved
was the dispersal of pheromones that smelled very ‘tempting’, and create
his vampire's thirst of a red liquid that flows in the blood vessels.
In various occasions, either at school or even in public places, their
physical charm that makes anyone who sees them will immediately fell in
love. The Cullen family, a vampire family in this story, is portrayed so
beautiful and handsome. Unlike the depiction of vampires we knew, the
figure of the living dead with cold, stiff and very creepy.
Jessica : “Oh well. He is unbelievably gorgeous.” Jessica
shrugged as if this excused any flaws. Which, in her
book, it probably did.
Bella : “There’s a lot more to him than that.”
Jessica : “Really? Like what?”
I wished I had let it go. Almost as much as I was hoping
Bella : “I can’t explain it right...but he’s even more
unbelievable behind the face.” The vampire who
wanted to be good. – who ran around saving people’s
lives so he wouldn’t be a monster...I stared toward the
front of the room. (Twilight, p.204)
Bella realizes that Edward really wants to be a good vampire. He
did many things to prove his aim by saving people and care with the other.
At school, they did look a little different because they had beautiful
and handsome faces, skins so white like pearls, having pale, cold and
white skin; perfect white teeth hide the razor-sharp fangs of poisonous.
Especially Edward Cullen, the main characters in this novel, who became
a modern vampire, he also has curly black hair, topaz-colored eyes, which
can change: from green to gold, his half-smile can make anyone’s heart
pounding, which can makes his girl friends admires him. The entire
student in Forks High School knew that the Cullen’s family is a wealthy
family who live in small town. Their styles were so cool and trendy that
makes them have the charm of a modern young man.
6. Stylish and Care to their Appearance
Not only the physical charm, but they also had vehicles that was so
typical and reflects their personalities. Carlisle had a car, a Mercedes S55
AMG Black, these reflect him, elegant, dignified, and modern, slim but
strong. Edward drove Aston Martin Vanquish for his personal vehicle,
On the other side, there was Alice Cullen who had a yellow
Porsche 911 Turbo. The color of her cars reflects her personality a
cheerful, friendly and always optimistic. Porsche is known very energetic
and fast with small size, just like the size of her body which was not too
big. This clearly reflects Alice as a tough woman who is fast, energetic and
so excited despite its small size. Another vehicle is quite describing the
personality of the owner; it was Emmett's Wrangler Jeep. Wrangler was
chosen because it was suitable with Emmet personality. Wrangler was
large, same as the physical of Emmet’s muscular and athletic body. The
Jeep also has a powerful engine and tough in every condition. This is
clearly very similar to the style of Emmet’s cruel and wild fights and his
personality that is “strong and disobey." Those are some relations between
the vehicle and its owner, this can also be the fact that the vampires were
portrayed in this novel were very "modern" vampire, because they had
great attention to their appearances, they were also clever in choosing their
vehicles that reflects their personality. This of course is can be connected
with the human desire who always wanted to look great at all times.
The Cullen’s family is a wealthy family who live in small town.
Their styles were so cool, stylish and trendy that makes them have the
charm of a modern young man. Especially for several other members of
the Cullen family, Emmett, Rosalie, Jasper, Alice and Edward, they are
five young teenagers who have a great appearance. Emmett, Jasper and
style just like a human, not as the vampire appearance who always wearing
a black robe and horrible. Meanwhile, Rosalie and Alice, two young girls
in Cullen family, look so beauty and trendy with their style. Alice reflects
her cheerful, friendly and always optimistic personality by wear simple
t-shirts and jeans like her brother. Rosalie prefers to wear a dress in her
feminine personality.
B. Ideology of Humanity in Twilight
In Twilight novel, it describe about the real new image of vampire.
This novel represents about vampires ability to interact and socialize with
human, possessingextraordinary capability, good behavior, and appearances.
These groups arerepresented by certain condition that gives positive
image toward it. The certain condition of the real new image that is used by
the novel can be seen in the representation of Edward Cullen, as the member
of vampire family, who also becomes the main of character. He is represented
as a vampire who has an unbelievably gorgeous appearance. Edward Cullen
is described of having pale, cold and white skin; perfect white teeth hide the
razor-sharp fangs of poisonous. He also has curly black hair, topaz-colored
eyes, that can change: from green to gold, his half-smile can make anyone’s
heart pounding, and a mixture of style and behavior between men and a
thinkers of the classic century he was introverted teenage boy too. The use of
having pale, cold and white skin to describe his skin not gives a terrifying
description of how “cold” his body is. Readers will not only imagine how
