Makalah 10
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1 1 4JARINGAN
TISSUE CULTURE OF OIL PALM
ON CROPS
G a l e G i n t i n g , R . A . Lubis dan Adlin
ABSTRACT
The s t e p o f forming o i l plam b y c u l t u r e method i s v e r y complex and n e c e s s e r y t o b e
r a t l y implemented, e i t h e r s e l e c t i o n o f o r t e t o r l a b o r a t o r y p r o c e s s . Some c r i t e r i a which determine t h e s u c c e s s o f t i s s u e - c u l t u r e i n o i l palm a r e a s f o l l o w s : t h e s e l e c t i o n o f s u p e r i o r o r t e t , no m u t a t i o n , t h e s e l e c t i o n a s a whole c o v e r each c u l t u r e phase, t h e e x i s t i n g o f j u v e n i l i t a t i o n , a b l e t o r e g e n e r a t i o n and t h e technique used can b e econom- i c a l l y implemented.
The v a r i a t i o n i n y i e l d among t r e e s on progenies t r i a l o f D x P i s about 6 0
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1 0 0 % above average y i e l d ,t h e r e f o r e s e l e c t i o n o f i n d i v i d u and i t s m u l t i p l i c a t i o n i s one o f t h e s u i t a b l e system f o r i n c r e a s i n g y i e l d . Another advantage o f t i s s u e - c u l t u r e method i s t o a s s i s t i n problem s o l v i n g o f b r e e d i n g .
Research Centre For E s t a t e Crop (MRCEC)
t e d up t i s s u e c u l t u r e l a b o r a t o r y i n 1985 and t h e c l o n e r e - s u l t e d by t h a t l a b o r a t o r y has been planted s i n c e 1 9 8 7 on s e v e r a l r e g i o n i n Indonesia. S i n c e 1987 up t o 1991, amount 165 c l o n e s have been handled i n t i s s u e - c u l t u r e p r o c e s s , and 3 3 c l o n e s among o t h e r s were planted on t h e
f i e l d a s wide a s about 1.000 ha area.
From f i e l d e b s e r v a t i o n i t has been proved t h a t t h e c l o n e s can adapt w e l l t o t h e environment, u n i f o r m i t y i n t h e v e g e t a t i v e growth and normal f l o w e r i n g . The Fresh Bunsh production were h i g h e r around 2 0 percent com-
pared t o p l a n t s from s e e d l i n g s .
Seminar
