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F a k t o r - F a k t o r Y a n g M e m p e n g a r u h i H o u s i n g Demand ( P e r m i n t a a n A k a n R u m a h ) K a s u s K o t a m a d y a M e d a n . ( D i b a w a h b i r n b i n g a n A f f e n d i Awar s e b a g a i K e t u a , B a c h t i a r H . M i r a z a d a n A d e l i n a M a n u r u n g , s e b a g a i a n g g o t a ) . P e n e l i t i a n i n i b e r t u j u a n u n t u k m e n g e t a h u i : (1) F a k t o r - f a k t o r y a n g m e m p e n g a r u h i d a l a m r n e n g e f e k t i p k a n p e r r n i n t a a n a k a n p e r u r n a h a n , ( 2 ) b e s a r b a g i a n d a r i p e n - d a p a t a n k e i u a r g a y a n g d i s i s i h k a n u n t u k b e l a n j a p e r u m a h a n , ( 3 ) k e b u t u h a n r u r n a h d a n u s a h a - u s a h a p e m e n u h a n n y a , y a n g d i d a s a r k a n k e p a d a k o n d i s i s p e s i f i k d i K o t a m a d y a M e d a n . D a t a p e n e l i t i a n b e r s u m b e r d a r i P e r u m P e r u m n a s t i n g k a t P u s a t d a n C a b a n g , P e m e r i n t a h D a e r a h K o t a m a d y a M e d a n , M e n t e r i N e g a r a P e r u r n a h a n R a k y a t , R e a l E s t a t e.
I n d o n e s i a P u s a t d a n P i m p i n a n D a e r a h S u r n a t e r a U t a r a-
Aceh, B a n k T a b u n g a n N e g a r a C a b a n g M e d a n , P T . P a p a n S e j a h t e r a P u s a t d a n C a b a n g M e d a n , K a n t o r S t a t i s t i k S u m a t e r a U t a r a , D e v e l o p e r P e r n b a n g u n a n P e r u m a h a n d i M e d a n d a n h a s i l k u n j u n g a n d a n w a w a n c a r a d e n g a n p a r a p e n g h u n i p e r u m a h a n d i d a e r a h P u s a t K o t a , p e r u r n a h a n d i d a e r a h p e r l u a s a n K o t a , p e r u r n a h a n d i d a e r a h i n d u s t r i , p e r u r n a h a n d i d a e r a h kurnuh P u i a u B r a y a n d a n K o t a M a k s u m , p e r u r n a h a n p a d a j a l u r t e p i S u n g a i D e l i , p e r u r n a h a n D i n a s d a n J a w a t a n P T . P u s r i d a n B a d a n P e n q a w a s P e m b a n g u n a n d a n K e u a n g a n S u r n a t e r a U t a r aO i d a l a m p e l a k s a n a a n p e n e l i t i a n i n i , p e n a r i k a n s a m p e l d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n c a r a m e n e n t u k a n 5 h i n g g a 1 0 % d a r i j u m l a h s e l u r u h p e n g h u n i p a d a t i a p t i p e p e r u m a h a n . P e m i l i k a n t i p e p e r u m a h a n d i d a s a r k a n p a d a k a r a k t e r s p e s i f i k d a r i m o d e l p e r u m a h a n y a n g a d a d i d a l a m K o t a m a d y a M e d a n . M o d e l a n a l i s i s y a n g d i a j u k a n a d a 2 ( d u a ) y a i t u : a n a l i s i s f u n g s i p e r m i n t a a n d a n a n a l i s i s f a k t o r - f a k t o r y a n g m e m p e n g a r u h i p e r m i n t a a n a t a u a n a l i s i s r e g r e s s i . A n a l i s i s f u n g s i p e r m i n t a a n m e r u p a k a n a n a l i s i s d e s k r i p t i p y a n g d a t a - d a t a n y a d i s i m p u l k a n d a r i h a s i l p e n g u m p u l a n l a n g s u n g k e p a d a k e l u a r g a p e n g h u n i p e r u m a h a n . A n a l i s i s f a k t o r - f a k t o r y a n g b e r p e n g a r u h t e r h a d a p p e r - m i n t a a n a k a n r u m a h , d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n d a t a - d a t a s t a t i s t i k d a n d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n b e n t u k p e r s a m a a n m a t e m a t i k b e r u p a a n a l i s i s r e g r e s i . O e s k r i p s i d a e r a h p e n e l i t i a n d i g a m b a r k a n d e n g a n m e n y a j i k a n d a t a umum t e n t a n g K o t a m a d y a M e d a n m e l i p u t i l u a s , j u m l a h p e n d u d u k , k e p a d a t a n p e n d u d u k , i k l i m , t o p o g r a f i . M e d a n s e b a g a i i b u k o t a P r o p i n s i S u m a t e r a U t a r a m e n g a l a m i p e r t u m b u h a n p e n d u d u k y a n g s a n g a t c e p a t p a d a p e r i o d e 1 9 7 0
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1 9 8 0 d a n 1 9 8 0-
1 9 9 0 y a i t u m a s i n g - m a s i n g 4% d a n 3 , 5 % r a t a - r a t a p e r t a h u n . M e d a n t u m b u h d a r i 4 ( e m p a t ) w i l a y a h K e c a m a t a n s e b a g a i i n t i p e r t u m b u h a n K o t a y a i t u K e c a m a t a n M e d a n K o t a ( P u s a t ~ o t a j , , K e c a m a t a n M e d a n T i m u r , K e c a m a t a n M e d a n B a r a t d a n K e c a m a t a n M e d a n B a r u .A r e a p e m u k i m a n p e n d u d u k y a n g r e l a t i p p a d a t t e r d a p a t p a d a e m p a t K e c a m a t a n t e r s e b u t . P a d a t a h u n 1 9 7 3 d i a d a k a n p e r l u a s a n w i l a y a h K o t a d e n g a n m e m a s u k k a n W i l a y a h K a b u p a t e n D e l i S e r d a n g m e n j a d i 11 ( s e b e l a s ) K e c a m a t a n d a n l u a s a r e a l m e n j a d i 2 6 . 5 1 0 H A ( s e b e l u m n y a h a n y a 5 1 0 0 H A . S t r u k t u r P e n g g u n a a n t a n a h ( 1 9 8 8 ) m e m p e r l i h a t k a n l u a s a r e a y a n g d i a l o k a s i u n t u k p e r u m a h a n i a l a h 1 1 . 1 4 1 , 4 5 H A a t a u
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4 2 % d a r i l u h ; s e l u r u h a r e a K o t a m a d y a . L u a s a r e a u n t u k i n d u s t r i d a n p e r d a g a n g a n m a s i n g - m a s i n g s e l u a s 4 4 5 H A d a n 4 2 8 H A a t a u h a n y a 1'6 d a n 1 , 8 % . A r e a i n i t e r u s b e r k e r n b a n g s e s u a i d e n g a n p e r t u m b u h a n k e g i a t a n i n d u s t r i d a n p e r d a g a n g a n d a n d e n g a n d e m i k i a n a k a n m e n g a m b i l l a h a n p e r u m a h a n . S e c a r a f o r m a l a l o k a s i t a n a h u n t u k p e r u m a h a n t i d a k t e r b u k a d a n d i b a t a s i d e n g a n k e t e n t u a n : P e m o h o n h a r u s b e r u p a B a d a n Hukum a t a u P e r u s a h a a n y a n g s e c a r a s p e s i f i k m e m p u n y a i k e g i a t a n u s a h a d a l a m p e m b a n g u n a n p e r u m a h a n d a n h a r u s m e m p u n y a i r e n c a n a p e m b a n g u n a n y a n g d i t u a n g k a n d i d a l a m s u a t u p r o p o s a l a t a u u s u l a n p r o y e k . A l o k a s i t a n a h u n t u k p e r u m a h a n t e r t u t u p d a n h a n y a t e r b a t a s p a d a p e r u s a h a a n t e r t e n t u , m e n y e b a b k a n t e r j a d i n y a s u a t u b e n t u k r n o n o p o l i . B e n t u k m o n o p o l i m e n y e b a b k a n h a r g a t a n a h m a t a n g a k a n r n e n i n g k a t p a d a s a a t k o n s u m e n p e r u m a h a n h a r u s m e m b a y a r h a r g a t a n a h u n t u k r u m a h n y a . L a j u p e r t u m b u h a n p e n d u d u k K o t a m a d y a M e d a n y a n g I c e p a t p a d a p e r i o d e 1 9 8 0-
1 9 8 5 m e m p e r l i h a t k a n a n g k a r a t a - iiir a t a p e r t u m b u h a n 3 , 5 % p e r t a h u n . D a r i j u m l a h p e n d u d u k t a h u n 1 9 9 0 s e b e s a r 1 , 9 j u t a j i w a
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+ 5 6 % t e r g o l o n g s e b a g a i a n g k u t a n k e r j a ( 1 5 t a h u n-
5 5 t a h u n ) d e n g a n t i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n S e k o l a h O a s a r 5 3 % d a n SLTP 2 1 % maka d a p a t d i s i m p u l k a n t e r j a d i n y a k e n a i k a n k e b u t u h a n p e r u m a h a n u n t u k g o l o n g a n m a s y a r a k a t b e r p e n g h a s i l a n r e n d a h . PDRB ( P r o d u k D o m e s t i k R e g i o n a l B r u t o ) K o t a m a d y a Medan t a h u n 1 9 8 7 m e m p e r l i h a t k a n b a h w a b i d a n g u s a h a p e r d a g a n g a n , h o t e l , r e s t o r a n , p e n g a n g k u t a n d a n k o m u n i k a s i a d a l a h t e r b e s a r , w a l a u p u n t e r j a d i p e n u r u n a n p r o s e n t a s e . B i d a n g i n d u s t r i t e l a h m e n i n g k a t d a r i 1 2 , 5 % t a h u n 1 9 8 3 k e 1 5 % p a d a t a h u n 1 9 8 7 . I n i b e r a r t i a d a p e n i n g k a t a n k e g i a t a n i n d u s t r i y a n g c u k u p p e s a t d a n s e c a r a p r o p o r s i o n a l t e r j a d i k e n a i k a n k e b u t u h a n p e r u m a h a n u n t u k k a r y a w a n i n d u s t r i . D a p a t d i s i m p u l k a n b a h w a p e r m i n t a a n p e r u m a h a n p o t e n s i a l t e l a h m e n i n g k a t d a r i t a h u n k e t a h u n y a n g d i - s e b a b k a n o l e h l a j u p e r t u m b u h a n p e n d u d u k y a n g d i d u k u n g o l e h p e r t u m b u h a n e k o n o m i d i b i d a n g p e r d a g a n g a n , j a s a d a n i n d u s t r i . M e n u r u t l a p o r a n E k o n o m i d a n S o s i a l K a n t o r S t a t i s - t i k S u m a t e r a U t a r a 1 9 9 0 u n t u k K o t a m a d y a M e d a n , k e b u t u h a n r u m a h t i d a k m e n d e s a k . D a r i h a s i l s u r v e y t e r s e b u t h a n y a 35% p e n d u d u k K o t a m a d y a Medan m e m b u t u h k a n r u m a h . D a r i m e r e k a y a n g m e m b u t u h k a n r u m a h i n i 7 5 % m e m b u t u h k a n r u m a h t i p e k e c i l ( T 3 6 k e b a w a h ) . S t u d i y a n g d i l a k u k a n p e n u l i s m e n g a m b i l 6 ( e n a m )f a k t o r p e n t i n g y a n g b e r p e n g a r u h t e r h a d a p p e r m i n t a a n r u m a h y a i t u : ( 1 ) . T i n g k a t p e n d a p a t a n , y a n g c e n d e r u n g m e n i n g k a t d a r i t a h u n k e t a h u n a k a n t e t a p i p e n d a p a t a n r i e l p a d a k e l o m p o k p e n d a p a t a n t e t a p ( P e g a w a i N e g e r i ) p a d a p e r i o d e 1 9 8 5
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1 9 9 0 t i d a k m e n i n g k a t . ( 2 ) . H a r g a r u m a h , y a n g b e r h u b u n g d e n g a n h a r g a t a n a h y a n g t e r u s r n e n i n g k a t d a n a k i b a t i n f l a s i , h a r g a r b r n a h d a r i t a h u n k e t a h u n t e r u s m e n i n g k a t . ( 3 ) . H a r g a r u m a h s e w a , s e b a g a i b a r a n g s u b s i t u s i d a r i r u m a h u n t u k d i b e l i , h a r g a n y a m e n i n g k a t d a r i t a h u n k e t a h u n . ( 4 ) . S e l e r a , a t a u a s p i r a s i p e n g h u n i t e r h a d a p r u m a h d i - t e n t u k a n o l e h t i p e r u m a h . P e n d a p a t a n y a n g m e n i n g k a t m e n g a k i b a t k a n p e r u b a h a n s e l e r a t e r h a d a p t i p e r u m a h t e r t e n t u . ( 5 ) . B e s a r r u m a h t a n g g a , d a n l e b i h s p e s i f i k l a g i b e s a r a n g g o t a k e l u a r g a d a l a m r u m a h t a n g g a y a n g p a d a d a e r a h p e r k o t a a n c e n d e r u n g u n t u k b e r t a m b a h k e c i l . ( 6 ) . L i n g k u n g a n , y a n g b e r p e n g a r u h t e r h a d a p p e r m i n t a a n a k a n r u m a h . R u m a h - r u m a h d e n g a n l i n g k u n g a n b a i k l e b i h b e s a r p e r m i n t a a n n y a s e h u b u n g a n d e n g a n k e n a i k a n t i n g k a t p e n d i d i k a n . H a s i l a n a l i s a r e g r e s i d a r i s a m p l e s u r v e y p e r u m a h a n y a n g d i l a k u k a n p e n u l i s m e m p e r l i h a t k a n p e r m i n t a a n p e r u m a h a n 1d i K o t a m a d y a M e d a n ( 1 9 9 1 ) a d a l a h s e b a g a i b e r i k u t : ( a ) . H a r g a r u m a h y a n g d i m i n t a r a t a - r a t a R p . 7 . 9 9 7 . 0 0 0 , - s e d a n g h a r g a r u m a h m i n i m u m R p . 4 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 , - d a n h a r g a r u m a h m a x i m u m a d a l a h s e b e s a r R p . 1 7 . 5 0 0 . 0 0 0 , - I n i b e r a r t i b i l a d i p e r h i t u n g k a n t e r h a d a p t i p e r u m a h m a k a r a t a - r a t a r u m a h y a n g d i m i n t a a d a l a h t y p e 3 6 , y a i t u r u m a h t y p e s e d e r h a n a d e n g a n d u a k a m a r t i d u r . B i l a d i s u b s i t u s i k a n d e n g a n r u m a h s e w a m a k a r a t a - r a t a r u r n a h s e w a y a n g d i m i n t a a d a l a h d e n g a n s e w a R p . 4 0 . 0 0 0 / b u l a n a t a u -
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R p . 5 0 0 . 0 0 0 , - u n t u k s a t u t a h u n . R u m a h d e n g a n h a r g a i n i b e r a d a p a d a l i n g k u n g a n 8 ( p r a s a r a n a l e n g k a p a k a n t e t a p i s a r a n a t i d a k l e n g k a p ) 2 d e n g a n u k u r a n r u m a h 2 0-
4 0 m.
( b ) . T e r d a p a t h u b u n g a n y a n g e r a t a n t a r a r u m a h y a n g d i m i n t a d e n g a n t i n g k a t p e n d a p a t a n ( 0 , 7 6 8 ) b e g i t u p u l a t e r d a p a t h u b u n g a n n y a d e n g a n h a r g a r u m a h s e w a ( 0 , 5 8 0 ) d a n t i p e r u m a h ( 0 , 9 9 0 ) . A r t i n y a k e n a i k a n p e n d a p a t a n a k a n m e n i n g k a t k a n t i p e r u m a h y a n g d i m i n t a d a n b i l a r n e n y e w a r u m a h , a k a n m e m i n t a r u m a h s e w a d e n g a n h a r g a y a n g l e b i h b e s a r d a n t i p e r u m a h . A k a n t e t a p i t i d a k t e r d a p a t h u b u n g a n y a n g n y a t a a n t a r a t i n g k a t p e n d a p a t a n d e n g a n - b e s a r a n g g o t a k e l u a r g a . I n i b e r a r t i b a h w a k e p a l a k e l u a r g a a d a l a h s a t u - s a t u n y a p e n c a r i n a f k a h . ( c ) . J u m l a h a n g g o t a k e l u a r g a r a t a - r a t a 5 o r a n g y a i t u i b u ,b a p a k d a n 3 ( t i g a ) a n a k . J u m l a h i n i c e n d e r u n g menurun d a r i d a t a P e r u m P e r u m n a s u n t u k M a n d a l a d a n H e l v e t i a r a t a - r a t a 6 ( e n a m ) a n g g o t a k e l u a r g a p e r r u r n a h t a n g g a . D a t a i n i l e b i h b e s a r d a r i d a t a N a s i o n a l ( s e n s u s 1 9 9 1 ) y a n g r n e n y a t a k a n j u m l a h a n g g o t a k e l u a r g a d a l a m s a t u r u m a h t a n g g a r a t a - r a t a 4 , l . H a s i l a n a l i s a r e g r e s i b e r g a n d a m e m p e r l i h a t k a n p e r s a m a a n : , I d i m a n a : Y = p e r m i n t a a n r u m a h XI = t i n g k a t p e n d a p a t a n X 2 = h a r g a r u m a h s e w a X 3 = t i p e r u m a h X 4 = a n g g o t a k e l u a r g a . H a s i l p e n g u j i a n t e r l i h a t b a h w a X 3 a t a u t i p e r u m a h s a n g a t m e n e n t u k a n p e r m i n t a a n r u m a h . A r t i n y a p e r - m i n t a a n t e r h a d a p t i p e r u m a h - r u m a h t e r t e n t u s e h u b u n g a n d e n g a n a s p i r a s i p e n g h u n i t e r h a d a p r u m a h s a n g a t m e n e n t u k a n p e r m i n t a a n r u m a h ( w a l a u p u n d e n g a n t i n g k a t p e n d a p a t a n b e r b e d a ) . B e g i t u p u l a a n g g o t a k e l u a r g a ( X 4 ) m e n e n t u k a n p e r - m i n t a a n a k a n r u m a h . K e l u a r g a d e n g a n a n g g o t a y a n g l e b i h b e s a r , p e r m i n t a a n p e r u m a h a n n y a , c e n d e r u n g I m e n i n g k a t
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P e n u l i s d i l a h i r k a n p a d a t a n g g a l 1 0 M e i 1 9 4 1 d i T a n j u n g B a l a i - A s a h a n , P r o p i n s i S u m a t e r a U t a r a , a n a k p e r t a m a d a r i 7 ( t u j u h ) b e r s a u d a r a d a r i A y a h H . R a z a l i d a n I b u H . M a h a n i . P e n u l i s m e n y e l e s a i k a n S e k o l a h D a s a r d i S u n g a i K a r a n g G a l a n g p a d a t a h u n 1 9 5 3 , S e k o l a h M e n e n g a h P e r t a m a N e g e r i d i T a n j u n g B a l a i t a h u n 1 9 5 6 , S e k o l a h M e n e n g a h A t a s t a h u n 1 9 6 1 d i SMA N e g e r i I1 Medan d a n p a d a t a h u n 1 9 7 2 m e n y e l e s a i k a n P e n d i d i k a n p a d a I n s t i t u t T e k n o l o g i B a n d u n g d i B a n d u n g d a n L u l u s s e b a g a i S a r j a n a T e k n i k A r s i t e k t u r . P a d a t a h u n 1 9 7 2 m e n i k a h d e n g a n T i e k e M e r d i k a n t i K a s i m a n d a n t e l a h d i k a r u n i a i t i g a o r a n g p u t e r a . P e n g a l a m a n k e r j a d i m u l a i A p r i l 1 9 7 2 p a d a P e m e r i n t a h D a e r a h K o t a m a d y a Medan s e b a g a i W a k i l K e p a l a D i n a s B a n g u n - B a n g u n a n d a n t e m p a t k e d i a m a n . T a h u n 1 9 7 3 d i a n g k a t K e p a l a D i n a s . K e b e r s i h a n d a n P e r t a m a n a n K o t a m a d y a Medan d a n t a h u n 1 9 7 4 d i p i n d a h k a n s e b a g a i P e j a b a t K e p a l a D i n a s B a n g u n a n K o t a m a d y a M e d a n . T a h u n 1 9 7 6 m e n g a j u k a n 1010s b u t u h d a n p i n d a h s e b a g a i S t a f P e n g a j a r F a k u l t a s T e k n i k U n i v e r s i t a s I n d o n e s i a J a k a r t a p a d a J u r u s a n T e k n i k A r s i t e k t u r . T a h u n 1 9 7 7 d i t e r i m a s e b a g a i S t a f f p a d a PERUM PERUMNAS d a k a r t a d a n ' d i t e r n p a t k a n s e b a g a i P e m i m p i n P r o y e k S . S . a n d C o r e H o u s e P r o j e c t d i C i r e b o n h i n g g a t a h u n 1 9 7 9 . P a d a t a h u n 1 9 7 9-
1 9 8 1 s e b a g a i K e p a l a B a g i a n P e n g e l o l a a n PERUM v i i iPERUMNAS m e l i p u t i S u m a t e r a U t a r a , A c e h , S u r n a t e r a B a r a t d a n R i a u . T a h u n 1 9 8 4 m e n j a b a t K e p a l a B a g i a n P e n g e l o l a a n PERUM PERUMNAS d i J a k a r t a d a n r n e n g u n d u r k a n d i r i s e j a k O k t o b e r 1 9 8 4 . T a h u n 1 9 8 5 s e b a g a i K e t u a J u r u s a n A r s i t e k t u r I n s t i t u t T e k n o l o g i M e d a n d a n 1 9 8 7 m e n j a d i D e k a n F a k u l t a s S i p i l d a n P e r e n c a n a a n p a d a I n s t i t u t y a n g s a r n a . p a d a M e i 1 9 9 0 d i l a n t i k s e b a g a i D e k a n F a k u l t a s T e k n i k U n i v e r s i ' t a s M e d a n A r e a d i M e d a n . T a h u n 1 9 8 8 p e n u l i s m e l a n j u t k a n P e n d i d i k a n p a d a P r o g r a m P a s c a S a r j a n a ( S - 2 ) d i KPK I P B
