AN ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING AND CODE MIXING USED BY FRONT OFFICE DEPARTMENT STAFFS OF GRAND ELITE HOTEL MEDAN
A THESIS BY
AGUNG FAHMI PRIBADI REG. NO. 110721014
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
AN ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING AND CODE MIXING USED BY
FRONT OFFICE DEPARTMENT STAFFS OF GRAND ELITE HOTEL MEDAN
A THESIS
BY:
AGUNG FAHMI PRIBADI
REG. NO. 110721014
Supervisor, Co. Supervisor,
Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed.TESOL Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D NIP. 19570308 198403 1 004 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Submitted to the Faculty of Letters University of Sumatera Utara in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra in English
Literature.
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
Approved by the English Literature Department of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for the Sarjana Sastra
Examination.
Head, Secretary,
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS.
Accepted by the board of Examination in partial fulfillment of requirements for the
degree of Sarjana Sastra from the English Literature Department Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan.
The Examination is held at the University of Sumatera Utara, Faculty of Cultural
Studies, English Literature Department on Saturday, July 27th 2013.
The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara,
Dr. Drs. Syahron Lubis, M.A
NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001
Board of Examiners:
1. Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed.TESOL
NIP. 19570308 198403 1 004 ...
2. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002 ...
3.
NIP. 19570626 198303 2 001 ...
4. Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS.
NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002 ...
5. Dr. Dra. Nurlela, M.Hum.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim.
First of all, I would like to thank and praise to the Almighty God, Allah SWT for blessing and giving me health, strength and ease to accomplish this thesis as one of the requirements to get S-1 certificate from English Literature Department Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara. My Prophet, Rasulullah Muhammad SAW for inspiring me to live my life.
Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, and appreciation to:
• My beloved parents, Sofyan Idris and Jamila. Thank you for the gen, all your
motivations, advices, prays, immortal loves, financials and everything. You are the best parents in my life. I present this paper for you.
• Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A as the Dean of Faculty of Culture Studies, University of
Sumatera Utara.
• Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS as the Head of English Department.
• Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed.TESOL as my supervisor and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti,
MA. Ph.D as my co-supervisor. Thanks for giving me advises and knowledges.
• All lecturers in English Department Faculty of Cultural Studies. Thanks for
knowledges they have given during I study there.
• Ahmad Dhani Prasetyo and Dewa19 band. The best musician for me. You teach
• Komunitas Restoe Boemi (KRB) Medan a.k.a BALADEWA MEDAN. My
second family. Keep the best relationship brother!
• Evelyn N.A Siregar . Thanks for the experience, time, support and everything. • My Schools: TK. R.A Abdul Qadir, SD N 060834, SMP N 19, SMA N 12, D-III
Bahasa Inggris USU, S-1 Sastra Inggris USU. Thanks for all experiences,
knowledges, and the time that wasted together. For all my friends, You are my histories! Thanks for the nice friendship during our study. I will be missing the days we spent together.
• Front Office Department Staffs of Grand Elite Hotel Medan as the most
important object in this thesis. This thesis can’t be accomplished without their help. Thanks for experience, friendship, and be good partners in working there. Thanks for your voices that has been recorded as samples in this study. I will keep you all in my heart. And the last, I will always miss to be one of the night shift staffs. “Lelucon Tengah Malam” hahaha.
Finally, I do realize that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore, I welcome any constructive critics and suggestion towards this paper.
Medan,
Agung Fahmi Pribadi
AUTHORS’S DECLARATION
I, Agung Fahmi Pribadi, declare that I am the sole author of this thesis except the references that I use in this thesis are got from some related texts, internet and books. This thesis is not published yet or extracted in whole or in a part from another thesis.
No other person’s have been used without due acknowledgements in the main text of this thesis. This thesis has not been submitted yet for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.
Signed :
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name : Agung Fahmi Pribadi
Title of Thesis : An Analysis Of Code Switching And Code Mixing Used By Front Office
Department Staffs Of Grand Elite Hotel Medan
Qualification : S-1/Sarjana
Department : English Literature
I am willing that my thesis should be available for reproduction at discretion of the Librarian of University of Sumatera Utara, Faculty of Cultural Studies, English Department on the understanding that users are made aware for their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed :
ABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul “An Analysis of Code Switching and Code Mixing Used by Front
Office Department Staffs of Grand Elite Hotel Medan” ini membahas tentang
pengalihan kode dan pencampuran kode antara bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris dalam percakapan sehari-hari ketika mereka sedang bekerja. Skripsi ini terdiri dari 5 (lima) bab; bab I pendahuluan membahas tentang latar belakang, batasan masalah, permasalahan, tujuan penulisan dan manfaat penulisan. Bab II membahas tentang tinjauan pustaka dan teori-teori tentang sociolinguistics, speech community,
bilingualism, language choice, code, code switching and code mixing. Bab III
membahas metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis. Bab IV berisikan hasil analisis tentang penggunaan pilihan bahasa pada staf front office Grand Elite Hotel. Bab V berisi tentang kesimpulan dan saran. Skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam pengumuplan data penulis menggunakan metode penelitian lapangan
(field research) dengan cara observasi langsung (participant observation) dengan moderate participation atau dimana penulis menjadi bagian dari sample namun tidak secara keseluruhan. Observasi dilakukan dengan teknik merekam dan mencatat hal-hal penting yang terjadi ketika masa penelitian. Sample yang diteliti adalah staf front office Grand Elite Hotel medan yang terdiri dari Front Office Supervisor, Front Desk
Agent/Receptionist, Reservartion Agent, and Telephone Operator. Pengumpulan data
dilakukan sejak bulan Maret - June 2013. berdasarkan masalah yang dibahas oleh penulis dalam skripsi ini, penulis ingin menemukan tipe alih kode, bentuk campur kode, dan alasan yang digunakan oleh oleh sample dalam melakukan alih kode dan campur kode. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan oleh penulis, tipe alih kode yang muncul ada 3 jenis; Intra-sentential switching, Inter-sentential switching dan tag switching. Dari ketiga jenis, yang paling banyak digunakan adalah intra-sentential switching dan tag switching sebanyak 3 kali (37.5%). Bentuk campur kode yang yang di temukan terdiri dari word insertion, idiom or expression insertion, phrase insertion, hybrid insertion and
reduplication insertion. Dari semua bentuk campur kode, yang paling dominan adalah
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……… i
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ……….... iii
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ……… iv
ABSTRAK ……… v
2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Related Studies ……… 10
2.2 Review of the Underlying Theory ……… 11
2.2.1. Sociolinguistics ……… 11
2.2.2. Speech Community ……… 13
3.2 Location and Time of Observation ……… 27
3.3 Data Collecting Method ……… 28
3.4 Data Analyzing Method ……… 29 4: FINDING AND ANALYSIS
by Front Office Staffs in Daily Work Activities ……… 31 4.1.1. Inter-sentential Switching ……… 33 4.1.2. Intra-sentential Switching ……… 33
4.1.3. Tag Switching ……… 34
4.1.4. The Frequency of The Occurrence of The Types of Code Switching Found in The Conversation
of Front Office Staffs at Grand Elite Hotel Medan ……… 34 4.2 The Forms of Code Mixing Using
by Front Office Staffs in Daily Work Activities ……… 35 4.2.1 The Frequency of The Occurrence of The Forms
of Code Mixing Found in The Conversation
of Front Office Staffs at Grand Elite Hotel Medan ……… 48 4.3 Reasons Why Front Office Department Staffs
of Grand Elite Hotel Medan Use Code Switching and
Code Mixing in Their Daily Work Activities ……… 49 4.3.1. Participant Roles and Relationship ……… 52 4.3.2. Situational Factors (setting, topic, class,
gender, religion, age) ……… 52
4.3.3. Message-Intrinsic Factors ……… 53 5: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions ……… 59
5.2 Suggestions ……… 60
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1 Frequency of Occurrence of Types
of Code Switching in the Conversations Done
by Front Office Staffs of Grand Elite Hotel Medan ……… 32 Table 4.2 Frequency of Occurrence of Forms
of Code Mixing in the Conversations Done
by Front Office Staffs of Grand Elite Hotel Medan ……… 36 Table 4.3 The Frequency of the Occurrence of
The Reasons of Code Switching and Code Mixing in The Conversations Done by Front Office Staffs of
Grand Elite Hotel Medan ……… 50
Table 4.4 The Occurrence of The Reasons of
Code Switching and Code Mixing in The Conversations
