A TBS R T AC
n i
K asih, Raras Sekar (2013): The eM na i gn of L vo e pE erie cx n ed yb Fird sa t eu h
Main C ract rha e in aN w la El-Saadaw si’ W m no a at oP i tn Ze or : Facul yt fo
Teache sr aT i gr n a din n uE cati nd o , Depa mtr e tn fo La un age a dg n rA ts uEd cait , on g
n
E il hs Educati no Study rP o rg a ,m Sana at hD a ar nm U iverstiy. n
a m o
W at oP int Ze or i a vs no e hlw ci h ed la s wi ht a ilfe of a mw an named o d
ri
F aus. hS e ilv se in a pa irt archal os ci te y in Eg . hypt S e is cate rg ized as a mo w an o o
h
w si looki gn f ro a t er l vu o e. h
T e aim of t sh st yi u is od t rev ae l ht e possible m ae nings of vl e o e px e ire cn ed yb Fi dr a .su hT ere are t ow problems ot a wn er. s F srist i “ wH so i
d ri
F a su de ip cted in the vn el?” eo s c do is “W tn h are the oa p s ls e m aib e n of ving l e o e px e ire cn ed yb Fi dr a su ? .”
s i h
T study e pm l yo s ifve the ro si oe t be su ed, name yl , the yo nr o characte ,r the yo of chara tr c erizaiton, the yo of l vr o e, the yo of r k e nart s ani ms , a dn the yo of r m vo ation. it T his study me pl so the y p csy hological approa h to ac nalyze ht e mea gn fin o dF a ’ri u s love .
It si found uo t th ta Fridaus si a p a nrot g i .to s Firdaus’ cha ar cteri its cs cha en g f mr a o poor girl b ce mo es a csu c ses f lu w an, iom q et eu b c mo es reb le ilous, i onn c ten b ce mo es ma et , a dur n nu con ifde tn b ce o em s c no fide tn . S ce no d, l vo e w ch shi i e px e ire cn ed yb F a srid u ac n eb desc bir ed as an i llusion, be rtaya ,l inconsisten ce, a dn e px ectati no . vL e in her ilfe can so a o be c el at go irzed in op er t tc i no b( ef eo r get it gn ma irr e )d , mate irails m(duri gn her ma rr ai ge) a dn disguis d i te n enitons (after her am irr age .)
r o
F f ru e res atu e rche sr , ti is s gu es eg t d ht at they if dn uo t ht e em a gn fin o w
o
p er in Fi dr aus’ el . fi T vhis no e is also el r c mom e dn ed to be su ed as the mate lir a to et ca h tI en nsive R ae d IingI .
Keywords: dF a ,sri u prosittuiton, lo l tieral eve, m ani gn , fi rg ative eu m ani gn
ABSTRAK n
i
K asih, Ra sr Seka ,r a (2013): T e eh M na i gn fo L e E pov x erie cn ed yb iF rdaus h
t e M na i C rac eha t r ni aN w la El-Saadaw s’i W m no a at oP i tn Ze or : Pendidi nk a
a
B hasa Inggris, Jurusan aB hasa d na Se in , Fa tlk as Keu guruan d na Il um Pe dn i kd a ,i n U ers sniv ti Sana aa t hD arma .
n a m o
W at oP i tn Z re o a l hdaa sebuah on v le y ga ber en c ri at tentang e
k hidupan es or ga wn antia b re nama Firdau .s Dia hidup di m yaras a y gkat a n menganut paham partiark lh ia d Me .ris aD ii d kategorik na sebagai seorang wantia y ga menc in a ci ar n s jt ea y .itn a
n a u j u
T rd i st ia u ini ad a l hd a untuk mengungk pa k na a rit d iari c an y gt a n dialami lo eh Firdaus. Terdapat d ua masalah y ga din rumusk .a Pertn ama,
a g a
b imana Fridaus digambark na ad l ma vn e .l Keo d aua, a a itp r c ni ta se trp i y ge a n dialami ot k ho ut aa m dalam on v . el
d u t
S i i in mengaplikasik na il am teo ir nu tuk membantu menganal ai s a
s a
m l ha y ga ln t hea dirumusk .a n D tianaranya a l hdaa te io k ar a kte ,r er t o ri karakte sr tik, ei t ori cinta, te ro i k ra et snan, d ean t ori m iv .iot a S rs k si i i ip n menggunak na pe en k nd a p kta si ologi nu tuk menganailsa ra ti c ai ment nurut peme nr uta ama.
li s a
H st iu nd i i y ga pen rtama adalah gambaran iF rdau ,s dia es bagai tok ho op tr agoni .s Kar ka et ri its k Firdaus berganti ad ir aw la sampai akhir rc ita . e Dia digambark na pada mulanya sebagai gadis sm k ni i me dn i ja w tia uan s kse ,s pe dn i ma me dn i peja mbangka l ung, u menj ig a de ad w s ,a nd t aa i k d percaya d iri me dn i percaya di .ija r Ke ad u adalah pe gn eritan c ni ta y ga dial mn a i lo eh firdaus .
a d
a lah il iu , pes nghianatan, keti kd k na o is ts e nn , aa d n harapan. Cinta y ga n dialaminya j au g b isia d ka et g kori na sebagai per ilndungan s( eb le mu m k ,)eni a h meny ga kut an h tr a-be an sd ( lea pe nma r ki ahan ,) nd aa m k us t te sr elubung s( ete hl a pe ir kn ahan) .
i g a
B para pene ilti be ir kutnya disarank na u k mentu mbahas a arit d ri kek au s na aa d l ma kehidupan Firdaus. Nov le ii n juga di er k mo enda isk na sebagai
a
m t neriu tuk me an j rg a tI e in n esv Reading .II
K aa k nt u c :i Firdaus pro tsi st i, c nu i t ,a ta i ter rsurat, ita te ir r r ts a
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A S RA JA AN PENDIDIK NA HT ESIS
P er se tn ed sa aP rti la uF lf lime tn fo et Re uh q i mre e ts n o
t Obtain ht e S jar aa Pen ndidikan Degr ee n
i Englsih Language uE c td a ion
y B
Raras Sekar nK asih i d
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S ent uN mbe :r 071214126
N
E GLISH L NA GUAGE EDUCATION STUDY RP OGRAM DEPARTMENT FO LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION
Y T L U C A
F OF ET ACHER TS RAINI GN AND EDUCAT N IO A
N A
S TA DHARMA UNIVERSITY Y GO YAKARTA
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A SA JR A AN PE DN I ID K NA THESIS
P er se tn ed sa aP r lit ua F fl mli e tn fo et Reh quireme ts n o
t Obtain ht e S j aara Pe dn n i ndi k a Degr ee n
i E gn l hi Las nguage uE c od a n it
By a
R ras Sekar Kina hs i d
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S e tn uN mbe :r 071214126
E GN L SI H LANGUAGE EDUCAT NIO STUDY RP OGRAM DEPARTMEN FT O LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCAT NIO
L U C A
F TY FO ET ACHE SR T AR INI GN AND EDUCATI NO A
N A
S TA DH RA MA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA
3 1 0 2
ST TA EME TN FO WORK’S ORIG AIN L YIT
I nho e ystl d ce lare ht at st hhi t e ss , hi w ich I have rw i tten, od es tn c no o it n t ea h w ork r
o parts of the work of ho er pe et o , ex epl c pt those ic ted in the quotations da t en h referen ec ,s as a scie itn f ci paper shoul .d
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Y akart ,a A l 3pir rd, 2013 e
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R ras Sekar nK asih i 6 2 1 4 1 2 1 7
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LEMB RA PERNYATAAN PE ER TS UJUAN UP BL KI A SI KARYA I ML IAH NU T KU EK PENT NI G NA AKADE IM S
Ya gn be tra an ta gd n an id bawah i ,in sa ay maha wsis a U ers tias Sa aniv n hat D a mr a: Nama : Ra sr Sekar Kina ha s i
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N Mahasi as : w 071214126
Demi pe gn emba gn an i ul pe gm n eta uh an, saya m me ber ki an kepada Perpustakaan n
U ive tir as Sana as t hD a ar ka am r li iy m ah saya ya gn berj uu l: d
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Bese tra pera kng a yang t d erl kip u an ( a ada). De gbli n na ed im kian sa ay m
e
m be kir an kepada Perpustakaan nU ive tir as Sanata hs D a mr a hak untuk e
m yn i pm an, me gn alihkan, dalam bent ku me id a nl , me gai n le lo a yn a dalam be kn tu pa kn alan g d , me data n i rts i sb ikan cu s ara te be r atas, dan mempublikasika yn a in d
t n
I e nr te atau me id a l ia n untuk kepe tn i gn an a dk e sa m ta pi n a pe ulr me nm ai t ni ij da ir saya maupun membe kir an yro a it kepada yl s a ea s l ma a tetap me cn a un m nt k a n ma a as ay es bagai pe iln s . u
Demi ik an pe yr a an t an ii ya gn n saya ub at de gn an bs enae rnya .
u b i
D at id Yogyakarta Pa ad ta gng a 6l1 A rp il 2013 Ya gn em yn atakan
Raras Sekar nK asih i
A TBS R T AC
n i
K asih, Raras Sekar (2013): The eM na i gn of L vo e pE erie cx n ed yb Fird sa t eu h Main C ract rha e in aN w la El-Saadaw si’ W m no a at oP i tn Ze or : Facul yt fo Teache sr aT i gr n a din n uE cati nd o , Depa mtr e tn fo La un age a dg n rA ts uEd cait , on
g n
E il hs Educati no Study rP o rg a ,m Sana at hD a ar nm U iverstiy. n
a m o
W at oP int Ze or i a vs no e hlw ci h ed la s wi ht a ilfe of a mw an named o d
ri
F aus. hS e ilv se in a pa irt archal os ci te y in Eg . hypt S e is cate rg ized as a mo w an o o
h
w si looki gn f ro a t er l vu o e. h
T e aim of t sh st yi u is od t rev ae l ht e possible m ae nings of vl e o e px e ire cn ed yb Fi dr a .su hT ere are t ow problems ot a wn er. s F srist i “ wH so i
d ri
F a su de ip cted in the vn el?” eo s c do is “W tn h are the oa p s ls e m aib e n of ving l e o e px e ire cn ed yb Fi dr a su ? .”
s i h
T study e pm l yo s ifve the ro si oe t be su ed, name yl , the yo nr o characte ,r the yo of chara tr c erizaiton, the yo of l vr o e, the yo of r k e nart s ani ms , a dn the yo of r m vo ation. it T his study me pl so the y p csy hological approa h to ac nalyze ht e mea gn fin o dF a ’ri u s love .
It si found uo t th ta Fridaus si a p a nrot g i .to s Firdaus’ cha ar cteri its cs cha en g f mr a o poor girl b ce mo es a csu c ses f lu w an, iom q et eu b c mo es reb le ilous, i onn c ten b ce mo es ma et , a dur n nu con ifde tn b ce o em s c no fide tn . S ce no d, l vo e w ch shi i e px e ire cn ed yb F a srid u ac n eb desc bir ed as an i llusion, be rtaya ,l inconsisten ce, a dn e px ectati no . vL e in her ilfe can so a o be c el at go irzed in op er t tc i no b( ef eo r get it gn ma irr e )d , mate irails m(duri gn her ma rr ai ge) a dn disguis d i te n enitons (after her am irr age .)
r o
F f ru e res atu e rche sr , ti is s gu es eg t d ht at they if dn uo t ht e em a gn fin o w
o
p er in Fi dr aus’ el . fi T vhis no e is also el r c mom e dn ed to be su ed as the mate lir a to et ca h tI en nsive R ae d IingI .
Keywords: dF a ,sri u prosittuiton, lo l tieral eve, m ani gn , fi rg ative eu m ani gn
ABSTRAK n
i
K asih, Ra sr Seka ,r a (2013): T e eh M na i gn fo L e E pov x erie cn ed yb iF rdaus h
t e M na i C rac eha t r ni aN w la El-Saadaw s’i W m no a at oP i tn Ze or : Pendidi nk a a
B hasa Inggris, Jurusan aB hasa d na Se in , Fa tlk as Keu guruan d na Il um Pe dn i kd a ,i n U ers sniv ti Sana aa t hD arma .
n a m o
W at oP i tn Z re o a l hdaa sebuah on v le y ga ber en c ri at tentang e
k hidupan es or ga wn antia b re nama Firdau .s Dia hidup di m yaras a y gkat a n menganut paham partiark lh ia d Me .ris aD ii d kategorik na sebagai seorang wantia y ga menc in a ci ar n s jt ea y .itn a
n a u j u
T rd i st ia u ini ad a l hd a untuk mengungk pa k na a rit d iari c an y gt a n dialami lo eh Firdaus. Terdapat d ua masalah y ga din rumusk .a Pertn ama,
a g a
b imana Fridaus digambark na ad l ma vn e .l Keo d aua, a a itp r c ni ta se trp i y ge a n dialami ot k ho ut aa m dalam on v . el
d u t
S i i in mengaplikasik na il am teo ir nu tuk membantu menganal ai s a
s a
m l ha y ga ln t hea dirumusk .a n D tianaranya a l hdaa te io k ar a kte ,r er t o ri karakte sr tik, ei t ori cinta, te ro i k ra et snan, d ean t ori m iv .iot a S rs k si i i ip n menggunak na pe en k nd a p kta si ologi nu tuk menganailsa ra ti c ai ment nurut peme nr uta ama.
li s a
H st iu nd i i y ga pen rtama adalah gambaran iF rdau ,s dia es bagai tok ho op tr agoni .s Kar ka et ri its k Firdaus berganti ad ir aw la sampai akhir rc ita . e Dia digambark na pada mulanya sebagai gadis sm k ni i me dn i ja w tia uan s kse ,s pe dn i ma me dn i peja mbangka l ung, u menj ig a de ad w s ,a nd t aa i k d percaya d iri me dn i percaya di .ija r Ke ad u adalah pe gn eritan c ni ta y ga dial mn a i lo eh firdaus .
a d
a lah il iu , pes nghianatan, keti kd k na o is ts e nn , aa d n harapan. Cinta y ga n dialaminya j au g b isia d ka et g kori na sebagai per ilndungan s( eb le mu m k ,)eni a h meny ga kut an h tr a-be an sd ( lea pe nma r ki ahan ,) nd aa m k us t te sr elubung s( ete hl a pe ir kn ahan) .
i g a
B para pene ilti be ir kutnya disarank na u k mentu mbahas a arit d ri kek au s na aa d l ma kehidupan Firdaus. Nov le ii n juga di er k mo enda isk na sebagai
a
m t neriu tuk me an j rg a tI e in n esv Reading .II
K aa k nt u c :i Firdaus pro tsi st i, c nu i t ,a ta i ter rsurat, ita te ir r r ts a
N K C
A OW EL DGEMENTS
I rp ia se lA al h ym Lo dr f ro a ll lb e ss i gn ni ym ilf ,e f ro ht e rts e gn th th ta has
b ee n vg en to ei m os I can struggle this af r. I ht a kn lA al h f ro b ie gn os rg te oa t
accompa yn em la go hn t e way, il ts e gn to yin m rp aye sr os th ta I can ifni hs ym
th ie s we ll a ds n f ro be gi my fan bulous f ire dn ot s e a ll har sighs a dn rd ae m .s
I would like ot ht a kn sD . r A . He unt r j yi a on , .t M A ,. hP . .D , w was oho s
pa itent in g i guidn me to nif si h my thesis ht at t ko a o long ti em . I ht a kn mh ri f so h i
a id ce, ki nv nd e s, a ds n itme. I would a ol l ks i e ot give my rg a itt du e ot rD s. Ba ilr
Bram, .M E hd,. P . ,.D ow was so ki dh n ni ch ce k yingm ht esis. My rg ta it du e a ol s
o
g es ot la l my el c rt es nu i PB ,I tha sn f rk o be gi rn g ae t lec rt e .u s
y
M rg ae te ts rg ita t e is rud f yo m famil , oy w never h stopssupporitng me a dn
t ur ts gi en m . yM father, w never s sho top rp a iy ng, b le ieves that I iw ll f ii sh yn m
t
s du y. I uw ld lo a os ilke to give my rg at ti du e to ym m ho er, ot w a wh l a sy l vo se em
a dn vg es ei m suppo tr, da yn m beloved si ts er, w a who l a sy om t vi ates em ot eb
be tter than I w sa . yM sp ce ial rg at ti du e og es ot ym boyf ire dn Endry a dn ym
f ire sn in d P Haya, L aB:I a , B el r , Popon, A a dsty n Dei f ro o aur f ub l so u
f irendship. Last tb tu n lea ,to s I w ld like to hou t a kn la l pe lo e hp t at I ac n not
e
m nt ni no o e yb no e w have a sho l o b ee n pa tr fo the p e sroc s of com lp e git t sn h i
th ie s. May lls a lb e ss i gn oc me ot .su
a
R r sa Se rk a Kinasih
Table of
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s
I
T T EL PAGE………i R
P P
A OVAL PAGES………... ii E
T A T
S MENT FO WOR SK OR’ IGINALITY………...iv R
E
P NYATAAN P SETUJ AER U N PUBLIKASI………………………………………...v ABSTRACT……… ... .v i
A R T S B
A K……………………………………………………………………………… .... vii ACKNOW EL DGEMENTS……… ..v iii
A
T B EL FO CONTENTS………. . x..i LI TS FO A EPP NDICES………. ix
R E T P A H
C I... i
O I T C U D O R T N
I N... 1
A. Background fo et h Study... 1
B. Objecitve fo et h Study... 2
C. ProblemFormulaiton ... 2
D. Beneftis fo et h Study... 3 E. Deifnition fo Terms ... 3
R E T P A H
C II... 6
REVIEW FO RELATEDLITERATURE ... 6
A. Review fo RelatedStudies ... 6
B. Review fo RelatedTheo ires... 8
C. Context fo et h Novel ... 61
D. TheoreitcalFramework ... 71
R E T P A H
C III ... 81
G O L O D O H T E
M Y... 81
A. Object fo et h Study... 81
B. Approach fo et h Study ... 91
C. Method fo et uh S dyt ... 91 R E T P A H
C VI ... 12
I S Y L A N
A S ... 12
A. Fridaus’Depiciton... 12 B. T heMeanings fo LoveExpeirenced yb Fridaus ... 03
R E T P A H
C V... 94
C N O
C LUSIONSANDSUGGESTIONS ... 94
A. Conclusions... 94
B. Suggesitons ... 05
E C N E R E F E
R S... 25
E C I D N E P P
A S ... 45
x i d n e p p
A 1... 55
x i d n e p p
A 2... 65
x i d n e p p
A 3... 75
x i d n e p p
A 4... 16
x i d n e p p
A 5... 56
x i d n e p p
A 6... 96
x i d n e p p
A 7... 07
L ti fs o A e ipp n edc s Page
3. 1 iP c rt es fu o Nawal lE – aS adawi………..………. 16
3. 2 iP c rt es fu o W mo an ta Point Ze ’r vo C eo r………. 26
3. 3 mSu m yar fo t eh N eov l………... 36
3.4 Bi ro a yg p fh o Nawal El-S aa da iw……….………67
3. 5 yS lla sb fu o tI en nsive eR a gd Iin I ………71
3. 6 Le nsso lP an ot Te ha tc I en in s ve eR a gd in II………72
3. 7 Teac gh Mate ir lin a………76
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A
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C
I
INTRODUCTION
s i h
T cha tp er is divided oi f vnt i e parts. hT e first pa tr is B ca kground fo
y d u t
S hw ich reveals the r sea o of cn onduct gi t en h study. hT e es c do is bn O je tc i ev
of ht e St yu d w ch d ahi e sl w tih the a mi of conduc git un s dy. ht T e t dh is ri Problem
r o
F m lu ati so , w in h ch c vo e sn y the problems ht ta liw l be sd c si u ed. hs T e fou trh si
e
B n fe tis of ht e Study which provides ht e a vd a gn es f rta o t eh r ae der a dn the future
re es archers. hT e la ts is D fe ii t nn i of Te so r m w ch shi d c si u es the es m ani gn of et h
related words to a dv t eoi h er aders’ im s du e tn r as nding.
A. Background fo et h Study
o
P e sm , p al ys, se sa sy , a dn vn els are mo s e exa lo m es of tip l era yr works t hat
the rw iter lea nr ed os f ra . A il et ra yr work ac n be eo fn o em dia hw ci h enabl se
pe po el to ld iver he t e ri f ee il , ng thoughts, a dn e px e iren ec s. tiL era yr w k e kor v es o
the sensiitvtiy of a uh am n bei gn be ac su e it si the imr of hror t e r ae l l efi . nI r ae d ing
t
s yo , or p me s, ro a yn iltera yr works, we n ee d ot du e sn r at dn ed eper to c ca h et t h
mea nn g. hi T e er a ns co hooses vno e as a l source f ro it s hh t e is s beca su e vn el ao c n
be a good me id a to d le vi er ms eo body’s f ee li gn through w irt gi . n Through vn el o
t eh aut rh shares ho t e ri li ef e px e ire cn es ro mi aginaitons.
h
T is vn el eo d la s iw th a life of a w an mom n ed a F a srid u . hS e si s ae rc gh f rin o eh r
t ur e l eo . v G has given men a dod n w en a pi uom o s vl e a do n ps irit si cn e ht ey a er
n r o
b os t sh ti hought ale d hs t e w er orti t choose ht e ho er t it o c hp t ta si l vo e instead
of fe nm i mi s . T e h w er be ileves that we are cre trti a ed f or m ht e ms e begi ia n gnn and
u
h am n b ie gn s are c er ated f mr do A am a dn vE e s’ vl e. ho T e ht i gn s th ta am ek
o
w em n a dn men fid ferent are et h s e ,oci t ey t e vh n ironme tn , ht e cutlure, t eh
w ae ht er, a dn the ge ro a hg p ci la posiit no be dh hin t em. T his study sd c si u es t es h
o
p s bs ei l mea gn of in love beca su e after er adi gn ht e vn el, there are mo s e pa so tr fo
t sh vi n el ho w ci h is re al ted to vl e. ho T e rw tier u es s a the yo r w ch be vhi ile e hs t at
l vo e m ae ns giving da recei in v gn as c tied f mr the yo o of r katresnanism yet f ro
d ri
F a su , l vo e mean di fs f ere tn . hT e rw tier is c ru i uo s a ub t Fi do r a ’u ap ts a yh of love.
h
T is c ru iostiy lea sd t eh w er orti t choose the pt co i a ub t l vo o e e px e nire c d ye b
d ri
F a su t eh ma ni cha ar cter ni Woman ta oP i tn Ze or .
B. Objecitve fo et h Study
h
T e bo je tc vi e of it s h study is ot reve la ht e p i lossb e em ani sn of l eg o v
e px e ire cn ed yb F a srid u the m na chara ti c er in Nawal lE -S aa daw ’is Woman ta
o
P i tn Ze or .
C. Pr lo em ob F r um l ta ion
s i h
T study f ro m lu ates ot w proble s to em b a wn e ,s r na eed m l :y
1. H sowi Fi dr a su dep ci ted ni Woman ta iP nt Ze oo r ?
2. What are the m ae nings of vl e as e po x er ei cn ed yb ht e ma ni chara tc er of t eh
D. Be en f sti fo et h Study
r o
F the r ae de sr , it s h study ass ti s hs t me ot comprehe dn Woman at oP i tn
Zero ae is ly b aec u e it s provides det ia led informaiton a ub t the cha ao r cte sir tics fo
d ri
F aus. hT is study la os hel sp ht e r ae de sr ot get a be tter du e tn r a ds n i gn ab he .r out
h
T e irw et r a ol gives hs t e e lx an tp aions related ot et h p i lossb e m ae ni sn of l eg o v
e px e ire cn ed yb Fi dr a .su hT ere are s aurf c e meani gn s w ch are a ehi rl a yd rw i tten
n w o
d ni the vn el a do n d ee per em anings hw ci h are mi lp i ic t yl c vo ered i dn e t esi h
t
s ro y. hT e deeper meanings uus a yll eem r e after we r ag e d the vn el vo o er a dn vo er
again. hT e w er erti xpects ht is study am kes t eh r ae de sr u e snd r at dn e sa i yl ht e
mea gn fin o l vo e ni her l .fi e
s i h
T vn el ao c n be usef lu f ro ht e et ca h lea ning r i gn ca vit tiy. tI ac n be a su ed
as ma et iral f ro ht e teacher ot teach nI et sn ive r ae di gn II . hT e story ab out
s o r
p it ut it no wi ll be an ni et resitng ui e oss t t ae ch a ld t st du u ents w a eho r om ts yl
cu irous ab th tout a ta ob o word -- p or ts uti t .i on Another be en tif is ot provide
inf ro m ta i no f ro the fut ru e re es arche sr w are intere tho s ed in l tierature a dn iw ll gi n
to gd ui o t ho er tt opics re tl ed oa t Woman ta P t Ze ooin r , f ro exam ep , to if dl n to u
t eh ed ep meani gn fo wp er in Fi do r a ’u s point fo iv e .w
E. Definition fo Terms
s i h
T part ed ifnes t ow terms th ta are m to ly us ds e in t sh ti s yu od t a ov id
m si c no ec tp i no f mr ho t e reade sr in the future. hT e f lo l wo i gn are ht e meanings of
1. Love
May (1974) ts ates that vl e is a go h e u word that ac n cha gn e s mo e no e s’
lr o
w d .When we “fall” in vl e, as the e ro x e sp s ive ve br p ti, the ruts w ld s ko h es a da n
cha gn es around su , on t no ly ni ht e way it looks tb ru o u w e e phol x er ei cn e of hw at
we are doing ni ht e wo lrd. Pi so l vu o e also makes s mo e rth e sa d are va in s dh . ve E en
though in l no le ni e ss , pi uo s vl e can ma eo k pe po le eb c eo tm sronger than ve er. yB
imagi gn s min o e no e we vl e, we can ao e is ly f go et llr a pa ni we endured. T hhis t e ss i
c co e sn r l vn o e ht at is e px erien ec d yb the m n c rai h ca a ter of Woman at oP int Ze ,r o
d ri
F aus. eS ph s e sn her life od t es arch f ro her urt e l vo e tu il hn s e re za es il t hat
o
w em n f or m a wl er o s al toci s a st ou d tn dese vo r e to be vl ed as well so a et m oh w h
co em f mr a higer oo s c ai l ts ta su . eB ac su e of ht e er je tc ni f oo r m os cie yt , F a srid u
d ce di es ot be a op tr s uti et t makes her far f mhat r a divine l vo o e. May (1974)
m
e phasizes at t l vh o e a ol m as e sn sex. Fi dr a su e px e irences vl e f oo r m em n around
her as o a nly s xe tn a o pious love .
2. Meaning
n
I ht is ts yu , hd t e rw i rt e proposes t wo probl s hem w ci h consist of t eh
char ca ter si itcs fo ht e ma ni cha ar cter a dn the m ae ni sn of l vg o e e px e iren ec d yb et h
main cha ar cter. hT e ed f ii t nn i of eo m ani gn is id vided i on ot t w k s. hind T e ifr ts si
l tier la m ae ni gn a dn ht e s ce o snd i ed eper ro if rg a vu it e mea gn . tiin L eral em ani gn si
the sta dn a dr mea gn , as in opposed ot its mea gn nin i t eh f rigu a ve eit u . s Figura vit e
a rp ehe dp n sa ht e ts a dn a dr meani gn of words, ro e sl e ht e sta dn a dr words ni do er r
to ca h ei ev some s ep cial ame n ringo ef ef ct (Abram ,s 2005) .
Literal em ani gn ac n be s mi p fied as the eil m a gn in w ch the r ahi e de sr get
f mr ho t e te tx . hT e literal meani sn are g w t ha eha v been rw i tten ni ht e vn el. eo T h
d ee per ro fi rg ative me nu a i sn are hg t e mea gn s hin t ta c eo pm u f or m the er aders’
T P A H
C ER II
REV EI W FO RELAT DE L TI E AR T RU E
s i h
T cha tp er co sts of hnsi t e the iro es a dn approach iw ch are sh u ed to sol ev
the problems. T chis h er is apt divided ni to f ro pa su tr . hT e f tri ss i R ew fevi o
e
R lated Studi nes i hw ci h ht e irw et r gives ms e reviews f oo r m ht e rp e uv s stio u dy.
h
T e es c do sn i eR iv ew fo eR lated hT eo ire ;s st s chi e ti no eb c mo es a t lo oo t ana elyz
the bo ject of the us dy a dt n to a wn er the s proble sm . hT e thi dr is C to e tn x of et h
v o
N el d ae sl w tih et h background of the vn el. ho T e last si hT e ro te ci al Framework,
h
w ci h ed la s iw th yw a dh n wh eo t the irh o es are a pp lie .d
A. Revi we fo R le ta ed uS dies t
Pa ny e ni her e ss ay c ic srti i m “A W mo an at P t Ze ooin r : Nawal El
Saadaw F m’is e ni si t Picaresq ” uue. S the no r uH am ni ites Review 62 , on . 1 w( in et r
2 9 9
1 , p. 11 -18 c tied f mro B koo Rags Lite ar t ru e rC i itc mi s s etat s that et vh n el o
re rp ese sn an i tt n ere ts i gn con ifgura nito of na rr a vit e sourc a de n perspe vc e, be git i n
es es tn i la ly the w e s'rti r es l ce vit e a dn imagin ta vi e rea rr a gn eme tn of an ro al yl
r
p ese tn ed autobiogra yp . hh S e a ol s as t ted th ta Woman ta oP i tn Zero is e dv e ci n e of
the endu irng tta ar c nit fo o the cp arei sque m f ooit t ht e m do e nr litera yr mi a ng ati ,i o n
a dn of its a pp eal in particular ot those, like el aS ada iw , w are c cho o e dn rne w tih
t eh nu e uq al struggle be wt ee n t eh sd e tis n i gn i dn ivi ud al a dn a re rp se s oives ciety .
Ma ytl -Be kr eley ni her st yu d Me ,n W e ,om n da n G s: N aod a l el w Saadawi
d n
a Arab Feminist Poetics (1995) states ht ta ti ts a sn as a md s a ll wonder fo a
k o o
b , its 41 pag s1 e unroll gi nn i an ni et sn e a dn se ma el ss na rr ative, ps a ,r g ae r ec f ,lu
a dn elegant. hS e hs ared her cu irosi yt ot Woman at P t Ze ooin r by showing ht e te tx
b leo w;
I ps ed through ti ni no e bre ta lh se s hour a dn a ha ,fl a dn my e px er ei cn e isn t’ u
s u n
u a ;l Woman at P t Zero oin is the vn el of lo E S aa dawi s’ iw ch is m th o s often found no nu iver ys c irti u cula, a dr n ht is iq ck a du n tp e to n e px e ire en c of er adi gn is li ek ly ht e r ae s on w tI shy. i on t a book w ch hi bows to, ro nee sd , un an ec : Fi dr a su is nu com cp atedly he cil r , a doi n ht e f co e of t er h
k o o
b r ile es no t eh e r major om tif :s et h blows fo f ta e ot w ih ch F a srid u si e
j b u
s ct, ht e os cial survelilan ec w ch e rthi n a sp her, a dn the a pp e tit es fo me ,n iw ch deh vour he .r
Marlo, ht e w eirt r of M t tua Me gn ssa e Down U ernd (2004) states t hat
Wo am n ta oP int Ze or is a wp erf lo u vno e beca sl u e ht is is tn a na ro r ta vi e uy wa to n
to r ae d no a par itcu al ylr da kr day ro l wo op i tn ni your li ef nu less uy ao c n c eo m
away iw th a se sn e of rg ita t e f rud o your o exper ewn i nce. Fi dr a su rg a cphi a yll a dn
n
u aba hs e yd rev ll e s ha t e m vo e nt t wme o a dr a fre in ed dan ez c iw th f ae r a dn a gn e ,r
n
o e slowly picki gn pu tempo w each atih m n ro ow man w w lho a ked ni da away n
f mr her eo l ca yfi r ing a mr s a ll ep ce fi o her soul .
h
T e studies of Woman ta oP i tn Ze or have also been d e yon b some
re es archers. Dewi Maharani Purba in her study A S y of the atud M ni aC ra th ce r’s
t o
M ivat ni f ro o Accepitng et De hh a Se tt n ence (2006) states ht at t sh i novel
desc bir es a ow am n w ho srtuggles f ro ha pp ine ss ht ta lea sd her f or m ht e despa ri fo
an abusive ch lidhood ot the wa lls of a p irson c le l. tI si e ax ined t apl h t the main
char ca ter of Woman at P t Z roin e o acce sp the death beca st u e of ht e in et nr al fact ro
that hs e wa sn ot t s wh her oo pr t agai test n me ss n n’ u fair tr ae mt e tn wt a do r ow m ne
a dn to s wh her eo s lf-e ts ee m. A ther eno r sa no is ex et nr al fac st hor t at co em f mr o
t kh hin t ta the os cie yt od es tn co a ec tp her. Another study is f mr Oe go n oY le ,i a
Fe nm i mi s as Re lf ce ted in Naw la lE Saadaw si’ No lv e Woman at oP i tn Ze or
0 0 2
( 0). S e ela rh b toa es ht e femi mnis ht ta s ee n of m the vr n el o Woman at oP i tn
Zero through Fi dr aus’ ma nn e sr ht ta hs e wants ot od hw ta men ac n od , hs e chooses
to leave her house oh ld da b cn e o em an di epen ndent p t tros ti e even u though hs e wi ll
be se tn e cn ed ot ed a ht eb ac su e of murderi gn a pimp. nI 2011, Putir ni rh he t e ss i
Firdaus Se ra c gh f rin o rF ee d som a P ra eo tr y d ni N aa l lw E Saadaw s’i Woman ta
o
P i tn Ze or a ol es b comes et irh w te sr f’ r eren ee c .s Putir proposes rt ee h problem .s
t s ri
F is wh Eo gypti n oa s c yi et porrtayed ni the on vel. S ce o snd i wh ho t e os c yi et
tr ae st w en as om porrtayed yb the cha ar cter of dF a sri u ni ht e vn el. o Thrid is w hy
d ri
F a su srtuggl s oe t get her f er e md . ho T e results is F a srid u lives ni a pa irt arc lh a
soci te y in w ch hhi t ere is a os cial classif ci a nit a do n w en are also a wom l a sy ni
me sn ’ oppre ss i no . hT e la ts re ls t su i dF a ’ri u m vs o a nit it in s ao e rc gh f rin o fr ee d om
are ca su ed yb f ro re su a no s, t sh e are ho t e tsrong domina nito of men in her l efi , t eh
soci te sy bad rte t’ a ments wt a do r w en, her apa yom t ah b vout l e, a do n the al st si
d ri
F a ’u ha rted fs o me .n
B. Revi we fo R le ta ed Theor si e
s i h
T es tc ni wi ll so d c si u hs t e ht e ro i se ht at are su ed ni et ana sh l i .s hy T ey a er
the yo nr o character a dn char ca teriza nit , the yo o of r love, ht e yo of r katresnanism,
1. T eory fh o C rac rha t e
r b
A a sm p( . 02 , 1985) as tes th tt a cha ar cter si ht e na em of litera yr ge rn e, t eh
pe nrso rp esented ni ad matic rr o na rr ta vi e work in w ch readers thi i e rn r et t ep h
char ca ter sa be gi en ndowed w tih m al, ior d s op as l, a dn emoitona ul q alit si e
(cha ar cte sir ti sc ) tt are e rha x e sp s ed in w he sa shat y d( ial uo e) a dg n yb hw at he od es
(act )ion. A a sbr m (1985, p. )2 e0 d f ni ed char ca ter oi ont t ki sw n , the first sd i as a
l tiera yr ge rn :e a shor,t uu ally is w t yt , sketch in p e of a di nros s ctive t pit y e fo
pe or n. S cs e o snd i as t eh pe nrso , in a rd ama itc ro na rr ta vi e work, endowed w tih
m ro la a dn disposti ni al uo q al tiies tt are e rha x e dp sse in w t hha t ey say-the id a ulog e-
a dn hw at they od -t eh acit on.
t
S i ll, a cc do i gr n to Abrams ni A G s rlos a y of Ltierary Te srm (1985, p. )2 4
there are t ow ki sn of cha ad r c et sr , e al b ted as folora lows. A flat cha ar cter is de nif ed
as a cha ar cter w ch is rhi p ese tn ed generally a dn iw th much detail inf mout o ati .r o n
n
O ht e c no tra yr , round hc a ar cter is defined as a hc a ar ec r t w ch is m rhi o e compl xe
than f al t cha ar cter. hT e round char ca ter w lil deve pl a do n the deve mlop e tn of et h
d n u o
r cha ar cter ms e mo it es surp irses the r ae der. hT e aut rh creates the ho c a ar c et r
through et cha ah r cterizait on.
h
C a ar cter is commonly su ed in t wa swo y . hT e f sri t is t ah t cha ar c et r
desi ng a htes t e indivi ud als w a pho p ae r in the story. hT e sec do sn i t cha ahat r c rt e
refe sr to t eh m t rixu e fo ni et r te ,s desires, ms e oiton ,s a dn m l ora p c lirn i es t tp h a
e
c tr ia n us a nti it ro o circ mu ts an ec in ht e st yo becau er s he ro hs e shows sh ri o her
m
e ot ni s. o
2. T eory fh o C rac eha t riza iton
y h p r u
M (1972) ts ates there are nn e ways hi w ere ht e author char ca te ir zes
hi hs er in a v/ n e .l He cha ao r ect ir hzes t e character through pe nrso a descript .l i tI on
is at w ch hhi t e author describ se a pers ’o s a en p aran ep c a dn lc ho es. et T aut rh h o
d i v o r
p es the er ade sr de it ls of ha t e cha ar cter, namely, the posture, et col rh o of t eh
s nk , hi t e ha ri, ht e fa ec , ht e c ol thi gn . Next is char ca ter as es en yb a hn er in he eot r
the author desc bir es him/her through the ey se a dn the opinion of a hn er hot t en t eh
reade sr get a reflected imag .e hT e author provides ht e si i hn g t of ht e char ca ter ni
the bookthrough hw ta the pe nrso sa sy . Whenever a pe nrso ps ea ,sk hw enever eh si
in a c vo e sn r a nit io w th another, hw enever he p f wuts o a dr r an opinion, ht e aut rh o
giv se t eh er ade sr some c ul es ab south cha ai r cte .r
h
T e aut rh eo l ts ht e er a sd aer l ne r ab a persout o pa tn’s s fil e in do er or t tg e
the informaiton ab the aout p ts eve sn t t have hhat s aped a person’s cha ar cter in et h
r
p esent. hT e inf mo ati nr o a ub t ho t e chara tc e sr ’ p life is vast g en i through a rid e tc
comment yb ht e autho ,r ht e person’s thoughts, ro his c vo e sn r a nit . eo T ah uthor
giv se ht e er ade sr c ul es through the c vo e sn r aitons of ho er pe lt o e a dp n ht e thi sn g
they say ab him. mout S etimes we can uo s mma zir e wh mo s e no o e s’ pe nrso a ites il
through hw at pe lo e ap t kl ab mout h /her. hi T e aut rh let ho t e r ae de sr know ab out
b o r
p l s eem h / hs e faces. hT e author ac n a ol describe rs o c mom ent no a person’s
char ca ter ed ctly ori t de ip ct t eh cha ar cter si itc .s
h
T e author vg es the re di a e sr rid ect knowl ged e fo hw at he/she si thinking
a ub t. ho T e aut rh lo a so vg es hi t e r ae de sr the lc ue about person’s cha ar cter through
a person’s ma nn e irsm ro hab ti .s
3. T eory fh o Love
t
S e br e gn r (1986) ts ates ht e tr ai n agul r ht e yo of vr l e ho w ci h is vd ided i oi n t
t rh ee pa :tr ts i im cn a y, passion, a dn com tim m ne t. nI t mi ca y c vo e sr f le i ge n of
c sl ene so s , connecte nd e ss , a dn boundar ei s. Wi ht ni t ai cy, the vm l ers bec eo o m
c sl er, i to n er-depe dn a tn , a dn yp cs hologic yall theri self-c co epts begin on t vo er al .p
Pas ns c nio o s ti s of fs i a un t ta ni , ho t e strong me oitons, a dn ht e a rtt a tc i no . tI involves
a h level figh o t tr be wus t ee n ot i dw n i uv a .sid l
Pas is no c vo e sr a vd e hir t ta lea sd ot mr a eo n , yc ph s cal i atrtacti no , a dn se ux al
consumma oit n. C mo m mti ent c vo e sr , in the s rh t te mo r , the d ie si nc o ot rema ni w tih
a on ther, a dn ni ht e long te mr , they hs are ca ih e mv e se n a dt n lp a sn . S et bn e ’r s t rg h ee
h
T e at lb e of combinaitons of i itn macy, pa ss i ,o a dn n com im tment f mr o
t
S e bn e gr w he pill l t eh rw iter ot ana elyz et h problem f ro m lu ta ions ae is l .y
T ba el .1 T py es fo L eo v
i b m o
C naitons of ti in macy,passio ,n and com tment mi c
a m it n
i y Passion Commtim t en k
i
L i gn ro Friend hs ip x n
I fatuaiton ro Li rm e ce n e x
t p m
E y oL ve x
m o
R a cn Love it x x
m o
C panionate Love x x
s u o u t a
F vL e o x x
e t a m m u s n o
C vL e o x x x
h
T e t py e of l vo e can be simplified yb using it s ta eh b . il D ffere tn stages a dn
t py se of vl e are e lo x a np i ed, sa follows: kil i gn char ca terizes t ur e fr ei dn s ph , ni i
h
w ci h a pe nrso fee sl cl so en se s a dn warmth iw th another ub t tn to i e sn n e passion ro
l go - en t mr co mm ti em tn . nI f ua ated l vt o e is li ek l vo e at f tri hs s t tig b tu i i an m cy a dn
co mm ti em tn h sa on t exi ts ed yet. fI tn a uated vl e lio w l on longer exist. E ty vmp l e o
is vl e at o w ch hhi t e commitme tn rem ia sn tb t eu h ni t ai cy a dm n pa ss i no vh e ia d ed
r
o there is on m ro e l vo e ni ht e comm ent be etim t en t ow w persons. R mo a itn c l vo e sr
are bonded me ot ni a yo ll a dn physi lly ca through passionate arousal. Companionate
l vo e si found ni ma irr ag se in w ch the pahi ssion has ng e to o of the lu r a ne it s ,o h ip
u
b t a ed ep affect ni a do n c mom i mt e tn r me ain. tI is genera yll a pe nrso al relaiton
u o
y ib ld iu w th os em body uy ho s are your il ef wi ht , ub t iw th on se ux al ro physic l a
desire. But the lr ati ne o is s rtonger ht an f ire dn ship beca su e of ht e extra e el em tn fo
co mm ti em nt. T vhe l e do i eal yl shared be wt een f ia ly membe sm r is a rf m fo o
compa nn ate l vio o e. tI is la os ab cari gout n ce h ha o er tt b w tiu h se uout x al d ie esr
spe dn a ol t fo t mi e gt e ho t er. Fatuous vl e so i e ex mp ed yilif b a hw irlw c rind o t pu s hi
a dn am irr age ni hw ci h a com tim ment si m iv tot a de la gr e yl by passion, without t eh
a t
s biilzing ni f ul ence of i itn macy. describes consumm te va l e as ho t e oc mpl ee t
f mo fr o vl e, re ro p esent gi the dn i e la rela nit ship wo t a do r w ch ma yhi n peo lp e stirve
u
b t hw ci h a pp are yn f wlt e ca h ei ve tS e br e gn r 1( 9 68 , p. 341). hT e ma ti a nn i i gn of
consummate vl e ao m y be ha dr er ht an ac ih evi gn it. He rts e ss se ht e impo tra cn e fo
tra sn l ta i gn t eh com np ents fo o love is ma ek ti to an acti .o n
A cc ording ot aM y 9(1 7 p. )4, 3 there are f r7 o u kinds of love. nO e is s xe , ro
h
w at we c lla l tu , ls ibido. hT e s ce o is nd e or s, ht e d e of virv l e oo t op cr ar e te ro
c er ate- ht e gu e, as er t rh G ee sk up t it, wt a so r d h er f righ o ms of be gi and n
relaitonship. A t dh sri i p i ah il , ro f irendship, brotherly vl e. ho T e fou trh is agape ro
a
c ritas as ht e L ita ’n s called i ,t t eh vl e t ao h t is de ov et d to et wel ah f re of the othe ,r
t eh prototype fo iw ch is t eh h l eo fv o dG f ro o ma .n
May c tied Plato th ta l vo e s rp i gn s f mr eo n ed; t th a w ever vho l e ,s o desrie ,s
a dn ht at w ever desires cho la k a ds n en e sd hw at eh de ris es. He sa di vl e co annot eb
d o o
g a dn b ae utif ;lu a dn if we od , ht en we um ts al ck of rn c so o t tn ti ive fu o
n d o o
g ess a dn b ae yu nt i ht e l vo er. vLo e e o: r s, as ti a sir es ni ma sn c s’ o ci sn o u l fie,
is a vd e t wir o a dr immo tral union wi ht th ta which he n ee sd to make him hap py.
A cc do i gr n ot rF e du , l vo e is a yp chical ws p er no i tis o ri hwn g t. eT h d irving f ro ce
f
o ma ’n s li ef is his i tn inc .ss t
l
P a ot : E is: a vros d e to hair ppiness, rF e du : e sr so i bil i od , li ob sid i love. rF o
r
ge in lt sea x i yualt . hT e e ss e itn al tn i no o of vl e no i rF e du si desi ,r ire p ma yr eli s x ual
desi er , f ro an bo je tc iw ch vh g es hi t e l vo er p ale s e. Acc dur o i gr n ot Til ilch, l vo e f ro
Ti ll ci h si tn no o ly ht e rela nit of e so r , e io p thymia, a dn hp liia tb al ou s the rela nit o
of lla ht ese t rh ee ot C rh i ts ai n aga .p ve L e so i no e of t sh e eleme so n of ht t e r eal
h
w ci h are c no sti ut itve of eve hr ing hyt t at si . L e eov m a sn sd c vi o eri gn hw at si
co mm no in eve yr e px e nir ce fe o love.
4. T eory fh o K eatr snanism
n
I do er to a or v id imsunde sr tanding f mr ho t e er ade ,sr the w er al orti s su es et h
the yo of r katrenanism p( i so l vu o e) by He ur j niya to (2007). He states ht at pi so u
love si a term hw ci h fr e se r to the re us lt of an induc vit e work f nu ctioning as a
rem er a dind n invtiaiton (eli gn -keli gn a )n of no e s’ t ur e self (ja it diri) a dn no e s’
ex si te cn e w ch was rhi g a tn ed ud e ot katre as nn v( ine vdi l e) as o soon sa no e w as
n r o
b . hT e di ea of t sh the yi o is ‘r g ii gvn is receiv ’ing. P t vosii e thinking eb com se
the ce rtn la of ht e yo of r k ra et snanism. When a vl er has a o posiitve thinking along
he h/r si er al itonship, ti wi ll ug arantee such a long las it gn relaitonshi .p oP is vit e
t kh i gin n ac n be a t lo oo t ub lid us ch a divine l eo th tv a m ae sn yours a dn m ni e a er
e n o .
He jr aui nto e lx ipa sn later ab oout p is tive thinking th ta it ma ek s e ca h spouse
r
o c po eu l du e tn r a ss n th td a ht i gn s us ch as no e’s work ni( lcuding no e s’ o wn work .)
K ra et snanism rb i sn 9g 9 p irnc lip se tb there are 3u 3 w ch have b ehi e n sd ci ussed.
o h
T s re p inci lp es are et re rh p ese tn ta ni of o posiitve thinking. hT ey are a lp epi d ot
e e
these rp inc li es, the rp w iter liw l an la zy e the sp s lo i e m ab e n of ing F a ’rid u l vs o e.
h
T e yo of r katr se nanism will es ek hw ta rp in ic p sl he t at have eb en l to rs d i gu n
d ri
F a ’u ilf .s e
5. T eory fh o M to i tv i na o
h
T e irw et r su es Maslow’s ht e yo “ ir H erarc yh of N ee sd ” (1954) to if dn o tu
the late tn om t vi at sion w ch dhi u en rgrid F a ’rid u os p i tn of v ei w r le ta ed ot love.
l s a
M o wproposed t eh f fie- ts a eg m el fod o ih erarc yh fo en e ,sd as follows:
fl e
S -actuailz ia nto
m e e t s
E N de s e
s s e n g n i g n o l e
B da n Loveneeds
y t e f a
S eN eds
g o l o i
[image:29.612.70.533.160.542.2]B ical da n Psychological eN eds
Figure. 1 Maslow’s iH erarc yh fo eN e sd
l s a
M o s H ew' i rarc yh of N ee sd ts ates t ah t we m t tus s sai fy each en ed ni ntur , ts a tr
f mr the ifrst, io w ch de lh a s wi ht the m to vs o i sb o n eu e sd ot survive a dn e dn ed w tih
the rewa dr f ro mh a ’u n s e tx e eis n . B oc i l cogi a a dl n Psychologic l N ea e sd vc er eo t h
n ee d fo ab s ci fil e n ee sd us ch as rd i kn , f do , xo s , ie a r, e ct . fS ta e y en e sd c vo er
t o r
p ecit , s con e iru ty, l wa , ts a ib il yt , etc. Belongin ng e ss a dn Love n ee sd c vo er
f ia ly, af em f cti no , relationship, work group, ce . E tt s e me nee sd c vo er ca ih ev eem n ,t
a t
f lu lif ml ent. When ht e l wo er nee sd are on t ts isfied we caa n e enot xp c et t hi hh g er
n ee sd ot be ts sai fied, f ro exam ep , hl t e girl ow is yh d ing f ro f do lio w l on t e px ce t ot
get a yn s ea yf t n ee ds such as law ot prote t her c body f or m v en eiol c tb she w lil u
n
o ly e ex ct to get f dp o oo t s ta si fy her hunge .r
C. Conte tx fo et vh N el o
W mo an at P t Ze ooin r was up ilb shed ni 1979 ni rA a cb . hi T e vn el o w as
b u
p l hi ed nine ms it es. hT e story of the vno e ha pl p ened ni 1973. nI t y ahis e ,r
d ri
F a su , ht e ma ni cha cr ea t r fo t sh vi n el was e eo x cu et .d 3 y ae sr eb f eo , there was r
an excha gn e of the rP esident ni Se tp e bm er 1970, the rP e ds e ti n Gamal A lbd E -
Na ss er w sa deat ;h he sw replaced ya b A ar El-Sadat. Sa tnw d pe da ir cha go n ed et h
c
e onomic, op l ci , a dit n os c ai l md a so i . nn I Sadat pe dir , ho t ere were wa sr be et en w
p y g
E t a dn Isra .le
h
T ey called hT e aW r of At tirt i no a dn hT e October1973 aW r. Those wa sr
were ab houtt e Egypt attack wt a do r rI es a s’l wtihdrawal of nS ai, a di n f ni a yll Eg ypt
was us cce ss f lu ot get nS ai bac .i k Cited f mr o U .S Library of Congre ,ss o n
Fe ub a yr r 4, 1971, Sa ad t announc d a new ee p ace i tin i ta ive at t ch ontained a
i
s ig f cn i ant c co e sn s i :o he was w li gn il on t a cc e tp na i tn erim a rg e me e tn wi ht rI a ls e
in re ntur f ro a pa itr la rI es a il iw t rh aw ld a f mr Sinai. no O O tc bo er 6th 1973, Egypt
a
l nu ched surp irse a tt ca k ca sr s eo t uh S ez Cana .l nF all ,i y et pe mh r anent cease-f eri
ne tgoiati h lon e d ni December 1973 .
t p y g
E 1973 was c no is dered sa p ta irarchal socie yt th ta means em n dh a
o
f ia ly rm p efe sr ot have a ns ho t an to have a dau e .r ght Hu lrock (1974, .p 300) s at ted
that ni a play, at sch , a dool n ni a rp eparaiton f ro a ov ac it , on boys are encouraged
to el a nr ce tra ni s l skil a dn ot st yu ed c tr ia n s ects hubj w ci h are conside dr e
inappropirate f ro girls. Women are born ot be a mh e-wi eo f , take ac re of c ih ldren,
a dn es vr e the ri husba dn a dn tn oo t od hw ta men uu al ys l od , us ch as study, work,
r
o involve ni poltiic activi ite .s
D. T e rh o et ci la Fr ma ework
i h
T s st yu foc sd u no t ow problems to be sd ci ussed. hT e f tri s problem is et h
depi tc i no of F a srid u in W mo an at P t Ze ooin r w ih ch ed a sl wi ht the yo cha ar r c rt e
a dn characte zir ati no . hT e yo of cha ar r cter a dn ht e yo of cha ar r cterizaiton a er
a pp lied to ana zl e the a ey p aran ep c a dn the pe nrso a ilty of F a srid u . T sec dhe o n
r
p bo ml se i the p i eossb m al e n of ving l e eo xperi cen ed yb her. nI finding ht e
mea gn of l vin o e in her li ef , the w er srti u es ht e ht e yo of vr l e yo b tS e bn e gr a dn
the yo of r katresnanism yb He ur jiyanto. hT e yo of m tr o ivati no yb Maslo is sw u ed
to f di un o t hw ta ts ages of her n ee ds that have b ee n ol st. hT e psychologic l a
approach si a ilp ed to ana zp l e hy t e s ce o nd problem. hT e rw eti r ana zl es y F aus’ rid
pe nrso a ilty a dn her p ta ilfe s using psyc oh l iogc aal pproach as the way to dif tn o u
h
CH PA ET R III METHODO OGY L
s i h
T cha tp er is divided ni to rt eh e s ce itons. hT e f tri is js O cbe t of ht e Stu dy,
h
w ci h iw ll ela rb ate ho t e bs ject of the u study. hT e s ce o snd i Approach of et h
y d u t
S , w ch c vhi o e sn y the il et rat eu ar pproach u es d ni t sh i study. T hhe t i dr si
t e
M h of hod t e St yu , id w ch eh d als w tih the so e hurc t at si su ed ni this study a dn t eh
o r
p ec ss es fo conduc git n study.
A. O ect fbj o et th S udy
h
T e bo ject of t sh st yi u is d Woman ta P t Ze ooin r . iT s vh n el was o pubils dh e
g ir
o in lla y in 1979 a dn then ti was p i hubls ed in Engilsh in 1999 yb Zed Books L td.
Wo am n ta P t Ze ooin r c so i sn s of 4t 1 pages. e1 T new edi nh it was f so ri t pubils dh e
in 2007 a dn ht e f ro eword was yb iM r ai m C ko e. ho T e irw ter si Nawal lE Saada .iw
h
S e si a fe nm ist ri w iter. hS e was born in 1931 ni Kafr Ta ah , a ml s a ll iv all eg
u
o t ds e of C ii a or . lE Sa da awi at et dn ed ht e nU ive sr tiy of aC ori a dn rg a ud ea d nt i
5 5 9
1 w a de rtih g ee in yp c is h a yrt . After completi gn her e cd ati nu o , lE Saada iw
r
p act ci ed psyc ih a yrt a dn became Egypts' riD e tc ro of Publi H ac e htl . nI 91 73-1978,
she worked ta Hi hg Insitt tu e of iL et ra rt e a du n cS ei cn e ht en ts a tred ot work w tih
ficti no a dn nn -ficti .o o n
h
S e ow er t st vhi no e based nl o t ur e story f mr the o w an n eom a d Fi dm r a su
o h
w si p irsoner eb ac su e ik ll gi a in p mp. Fi dr a su il ef was so patheitc. Her
ch lidhood e px er ei nces ma ed her ha et em .n hS e vil ed iw th mise yr cb ause s ee h
e px e ire cn ed se ux al a sb es yu b men around her. hS e was abandoned yb her l vo e.
h
S e was b te rayed yb her yb fr eo i dn . B ie gn a prositt tu e w sa the o way hnly s e c do ul
be re es cted. Her p w e fihol l e w sa ps e tn ot fi dn her pious l vo e u l hnit s e re za ed hil t at
l vo e dd ti n exi to s f ro a ow am n il ek her ow ah c em f mr wo l er oo s c li st ta au s .
B. Approach fo et h Study
o
T an la zy e ht e m ae ni gn of vl e f ro o the ma ni character of Woman ta P t, oin
t sh ti s yu sd u es yp cs hologic l aa pproa h nc i do er or t answer ht e proble s hm t at ha ev
b ee n ts ated bef eo . hr T e yp cs hologic l aa pproach he pl s ht e irw ter to if dn to t eu h
mea gn of l vin o e e px e nire c d ye b Fi dr a su . hT e yp cs hologic l aa pproach eh l sp et h
ti r
w er to anal zy e mh an ou m itv tai pe non, rso alti dy,a behan vior .
C. Method fo et h Study
n
I c eo c gll it hn t e da at , the irw et r p sa sed long rp co e ss . hT e rw eti r r ae d et h
n vo el f tri , hs t e rw tier tn no o ly r ae d it no ce tb hu t e rw iter er ad ti t eh e t mr i es ot
d n
u e tr a ds n t eh m ae n d eing e per a dn ot get et i eh d as of ht e vn e .l ho T e w er orti a ls
u es d ho er referen et c s to know a ub t ho t e vn el o m e, uor s ch as ab ckground of ht e
aut rh a do n ht e re iv ew of the vn el. ho T e w er f urti oc s d ne o ht e de ip c nit of Fi do r a ,su
the m cha aain r tc er of et vh no e a dl n ht e mea gn of her l vin o e. hT en the irw et r t ired
to f di tn o u w suita lhat b e approach ot ana zl e the y problem formulati no s tt aha st t ed
b fe eo . r
h
T e ts yu was cd onduc dt us ge i li rn b a yr re es arc .h hT e sources hw ci h are su ed
resource is t eh vno e l Woman ta P t oin Zero a dn et sec dh o a yn r resources a er t eh
ar es related oitcl t et h t c iopi w ch are sh d c si u ed. hs T e ht e ro ies are the chara tc er a dn
char ca teriza nit , ho t e yo of l vr o e, ht e yo of r katresnanism, a dn ht e yo of r moitvati .o n
n
I conducti gn it s sth u the edy, r we er os me steps w ch have hi done. hT e f tri was s
c oho s gin t eh prima yr da at , w ch was Nawal lhi E Saadaw ’is Woman ta oP int Z re o.
Sec do , after de dn c i gi n the irp ma yr da at , f ru ther ni formaiton was ga ht ered d eal
w tih ht e cha ar cter si ide hn t e vn el. o Thrid, the irw et r focu es d no du e tn r as nding et h
main cha ar cter f ro the t po ci hw ci h w ld be di uou sc s d was ase b the mout eaning of
l vo e iw ch is e ph x er ei nced yb dF a .ri u s
h
T e foutrh ts ep w sa f ro m lu ati gn the proble sm . hT e fif ht ts ep w sa c lo l ce t gi n
the s ce o a ynd r resources r le a et d ot ht e t co , upi s ch sa articles ro c tir i ic ms s a ub t t eo h
v o
n el, a dn a ol the hs t e ro si e w ch were hi going to be su ed as a t oool t analyze et h
b o r
p l s. hem T e ne tx s w step a a wn e gs ir the n probl f rem o mulat sion . hT e rw eti r
a dd ed gt e ho t er ht e rp im a dary n s ce o a ynd r sources to get ht e a wn er. Five the irs o es
were su ed us ch as ht e yo of character a dr n ht e yo of char cr a terizati no , the yo of r
l vo e, the yo fr o k ra et snanism, a dn the yo fr o m iv tot aion .
h
T e w ter eir mployed p csy hologic l aa pproach ot a an l zy e ht e possible
meanings of vl e e po x eri ne ec d yb Fi dr aus. hT e la ts s et p was c no c dl i gu n et h w e hol
t
CH PA T RE VI A
N
A L SY IS
s i h
T cha tp er sd c si u es hs t e ana il s of ys t wo proble sm w ch have be nhi e
a t
s ted a vbo e h. T e f sri t is the discussion of the cha ar ect ir itc of s Firdaus w ch shi i
depi tc ed ni Woman ta P t Ze .oin r o T e eh s c do deals n w t etih h sp io s lb e meanings fo
l vo e e px e ire cn ed yb dF ausri .
A. F r ui d s’ De ia p c nit o
d ri
F ausis catego irzed as a op ar t g i tons . hS e b ce mo es ht e ma ni cha ar cter fo
the vn el beca so u e hs e du e on r es c ng o flict l ae d her at it ding t e lu a go hn t e story
H
( a vr ey, 1965). hS e si ht e ec tn er of the st yo bec sr a e hu s e a pp ae sr m ro e tfo en ht an
other cha ar cte sr in Woman at Point Ze .r o S is a he round cha ar cter because her
char ca ter si itcs dev le po of m hr t e be ng i gin n tu li the e dn n of ht e st yo . hr T e rw i rt e
u ss Me urphy’s ht eory to anal zy e F a ’rid u cha as r cter si itcs. Murphy ela rb ates o n ine
wa sy ot rev le the cha aa r cte ’r pe ns rso a ylti . Thos are pe ne rso al de rs i tc p i ,o n
char ca ter as seen yb ano ht er, speech, past el , ofi c vn e sr ati no of ho e st r , er ca iton ,s
dir ce t comme tn f mr t eo h auth to ,r hough,t a dn am nn e irsm.
1. F r ui d s’ P sa er o i ynalt Change
h
T e be ng i gin n of ht e vno e , dl F a sri u cha ar cteri its cs are poo ,r lis e tn , ms a ,tr
i
s cn e er , innoce tn , a dn nu con ifde tn . Her pe nrso a iti sl e cha gn e eb ac use of t eh
e px e ire cn es in f di i gn n rh ee rt lu ove .
1.1 A Poor G Bec mirl o es a uS cc essf llu Woman
h
S e si described ni the vno e as an dl o ina yr r lrg i w has a big sho n e a do n a
t nh - pi il ed p mouth. eS uh u ally w as e sr g l ealab ya i her daily a tn civtii .s e
r o
F I was la wa sy rd es es d ni a long gal al beya w ch trai ehi l d la go en t h d
n u o r
g , a dn on ma tter hw e er I we tn ti was la wa sy ba er fo ot .
tI cha gn ed in her 52 -ye ra s do - ilfe, hl w en hs e eb came a csu c ses f lu prosti et , s eut h
r o
w e e px e sn ive lc ho es. ht T e a ep arance of dp F a sri u la os cha gn ed f or m an do ina yr r
r o o
p lrg ri o a str ee t w la ker lrg oi t a b ae itu f lu a dn us cce ss ful prostti tu e whose h ia r
n o
d e yb styl si t a dn fa ec is dh yi b make- pu . hS e is a b ae itu f lu lrg hi w o has b al kc
eyes a dn ls e dn er ob d y .
When I po ened ym eyes a dn l ko ed i oo n t et h imr I real zror i ed that wn I o was being born aga ni w a new tih body, sm oo th da te dn n er sa a rose ep t .la
y
M lc ho es we et r on longer rough a dn ditry, tb ou s ft a dn c el a .n (p. )5 3
1.2 Q iet eu B c mo es Re lb il se o u
When hs e w sa young, hs e c do nul o ly ac ec tp hw at pe po el a ks her. When
her om ther a ks ed her to h le p maki gn dough, cleaning the dung, ro am ki gn em la
f ro her f ha er, a dt n hw en her nu cle a ks ed her ot ma yr old man r w sho i o s yver i , xt
she c uo ld tn eo rej c beca et u es s is afr ih a d ot bo jec .t hS e m eust ndure a ha dr el fi
i
s cn e she was ve yr uy ng. ho S e has to be os nger than il ert f itself if hs e wants ot
s vu ive. sr A es h
h
S e is a q t lruie g . hi S e uus a y ell k e sp hw at s eh ef e sl ni her d ee p eh a tr. eS h
b
I was its ll uy ng to a ht e time, a dn my rb ae ts s we er tn y to e rounded. I nk ew h
t o
n i gn a ub t men. But I c do o h aul e r ht em as t yh in ke v ed lo A al sh na e’ m a dn called upon iH s bl se is gn , ro rep ae ted sH i h wo soly r in a d subdued
u
g t rt lu a t eo . I n would so e vb r e ht em nodding theri h ae sd , ro rubbing ht e ri ha sn nd o e agai tn hs t e ho er, rt o coughi gn , ro lc re i ga n ht e ri t oh a sr t w a tih ra ps i gn n e, rois o co a tnst n ly scratc gh din u er the arm tin p s a dn b te ew en t eh
h g i h
t s. .( )p 1 3
o r
F m ht e oq t tu a i no above, we can s ee ht at hs e o watches enly t men nh i s eli n ce,
b
o es vr es hw ta they are doing no ht e way she b irngs ht e ae rthe wn are jar f lu l fo
water in her h ae d oh m .e hS e ek e sp her thoughts o nnly i her mi dn , even ab routh e
c no fusing w tih w her r aho e l fa ht er i .s B ce a eu ns o ce es a sh s ak b her real fa hout t er
her m er roth b i gn s a ow man ot od c ricumci ns oio s hs e o keeps her pnly o i nn s a dio n
thoughts ni her mi .n d
o
S meitm I c des o oul n t sd iti nguish w ch nhi o e of th me was my af ht er. eH rese lm ed hb t em so c elos ly th ta it was id f ifc tlu ot te ll. oS eo day I sn a k ed
y
m om ther ab mout h . wi H w so a it tt hha s e had given birth ot me wtihout a f ha er? First, ht s e eb at em . hT en hs e brought a wo am n w was aho c yr i gr n a
m
s all nk ife ro ma by e a ra rz b ao l ed . hT ey cut fo f a ep ei c of fle hs f mr o bet ew en my thigh .s (p. )1 3
h
T e other q ati nuot o f mr t eo h vn el that so uppo trs et irh w te sr e’ i a is nd i page ,1 6
h
w en es eh k e sp a ks i gn he sr elf ab her dout i e tn tiy iw th reveal it to aout nybody le ,s e
even to her uncle ow sh i t eh cl so e ts man ni her young l .fi e
W oh was I? W oh was ym af ht er? aW s I going to ps e dn ym ilfe es e gw p in h
t e dung uo t f mr o u er hnd t e a mni a s, ca il r ng ma rry n e nu o ym he ,a d n
k eadi gn dough, a dn ba gk rin b ae d? .( )p 1 6
n
U itl ni ht e middle fo t eh story at iw ch hh s e eb co sm a oe p tr s itut ,e dF a sri u is s lit l a
u
q iet ow am n. hS e hid se her pa ni ni lis e en . hc S e fee sl ht e wo lrd around her od es
o
pe po el around her. W nh he t e first t mi e hs e felt se ux al a sb es f mu r her no u cle s eh
j tu cl ss o ed her eyes without a yn words ca em to ou f m her mr outh .
u
B t hw enever everything around us al sp ed oi lint s e en , c broken no ly eve yr w
o
n a dn then yb ht e snap of yd wr t i sg be wt ee n my fi gn e sr as I ef d et h v
o en, a dn ht e sound fo sh re ui g lar eb a hr t i gn reaching em f mr be do h t ein h k
o o
b os ht at I c uo ld tn te ll ho w te her he was snoirng uq ti yel in ih s ls ee p ro wide awake a dn pant gi , his ha dn n would c no t ui e t
