DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Anonim, 2009, British National Formulary, BMJ Group and RPS Publishing, GGP Media GmbH, Possneck, Germany.
Al-Ali, A., Abdul, A.A., Mohammad, A.R., dan Nisar, A.S. 2008. Oral and Intraperitoneal LD50 of Thymoquinone, An Active Principle of Nigella
sativa, In Mice and Rats, Journal Ayub Medical College Abbottabad, Vol. 20 (2).
Al-Moeflah, A.I., Alhaider, A.A.,M ussa, J.S., Al-Suhaibani, M.O,Al yahya.M.,Rafatullah,S., Syaih, S.A.,Gastroprotective Effect of an Aqueous Suspension of Black Cumin Nigella Sativa on Necrotizing Agents-Induced Gastric Injury in Experimental Animals; The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology 14 (33): 128-134
Ansel, H. C., 1989, Pengantar Bentuk Sediaan Farmasi, edisi IV, 607-608, Universitas Indonesia Press, Jakarta.
Astuti, F., 2008, Uji Analgetika Ekstrak Etanol Biji Jinten Hitam (Nigela sativa L.) Terhadap Mencit Putih Jantan, Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Bashori,Y.M., 2008., Efek Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) pada Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar, Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Cos,P.,Ying L., Calomne M. Hu J.P., Cimanga, K., Poel B.V., Pieters, L., Vlietinck A,J and Berghe D,V., 1998, Structure Activity Relationship and Clasification of Flavonoids as Inhibitors of Xanthine Oxidase and Superoxide Scavengers Jurnal Natural prodia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp Belgium., 61: 71-76.
Chehl, N., Chipitsyna,G., Gong, Q., Yeo, C.J., Arafat, H.A.,2009, Antiinflammatory Effects of The Nigella sativa Seed Extract, Thymoquinone In Pacreatic Cancer Cell, International Hepato-Pancreato- Biliary Association, 11 (5): 373-381.
Dalimartha, S., 1999, Atlas Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Jilid I, Trubus Agriwidya, Jakarta.
Ditjen POM, 1977, Materia Medika Indonesia jilid I, 100, Departemen Kesehatan RI, Jakarta.
Ditjen POM, 1979, Materia Medika Indonesia jilid III, 112, Departemen Kesehatan RI, Jakarta.
El-bandy, M., Kang, O.H., Kwon, D.Y. & Rho, J.R., 2009, Two New Antiinflammatory Triterpene Saponins From The Egyptian Medicinal Food Black Cumin (Seeds of Nigella sativa), Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., vol 30 (8): 1811-1815
Gilani, A.H.,Qaiser, J. & Muhammad, A.U.K. 2004. A Review of Medicinal and Pharmacological activities of Nigella sativa. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, Vol. 7 (4): 441-451.ISSN: 1028-8880
Hadjzadeh, M., Khoei, A., Hadjzadeh,Z. & Parizady, M., 2007, Ethanolic Extract of Nigella Sativa L. Seeds on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Kidney Calculi in Rats, Urol J., 4,86-97.
Hamor, G.H., 1996, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, in W.O.Foye (ed), Principle of Medicinal Chemistry, Lea & Febiger, Piladelphia.
Harborne, J.B., 2000, Advances in Flavonoid research since 1992 Phytochemistry 55 (481-504).
Hardiyatmo.G., 1988, Pengaruh Ekstrak Air dan Ekstrak Alkohol Daun Sonchus arvensis L. Terhadap Volume Urin Tikus In Vivo dan Pelarutan Batu Ginjal In Vitro, Jurnal Penelitian tanaman obat di Indonesia, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Farmasi Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen kesehatan, Jakarta.
Hutapea, J. R, 1994, Inventaris Tanaman Obat Indonesia III, Litbang Departemen Kesehatan, Jakarta.
Kawther, S. Z., Ahmed, W. M. and Sakina, N. Z., 2008, Observations on The Biological Effect of Black Curmin Seed (Nigela Sativa) and Green Tea (Camelia sinensis), Global Vetenaria 2 (4): 198-294.
Kee, J. L. dan Hayes, E. R., 1996, Farmakologi Pendekatan Proses Keperawatan, 310-311, diterjemahkan oleh Peter, A., EGC, Jakarta.
Kim, H.P., Son, K.H., Chang, H.W. & Kang,S.S., 2004, Anti-inflammatory Plant Flavonoids and Cellular Action Mechanisms, Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, Vol. 96 (2004) , No. 3 pp.229-245
Mahmud, T., 2010, Uji Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Kombinasi Dua Dari Ekstrak Air Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum), Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) dan Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) Pada Mencit Yang Diinduksi Dengan Potasium oxonate, Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Mansjoer, S., 1999, Mekanisme Kerja Obat Antiradang, 7(1) hal 34, Media Farmasi Indonesia, Jakarta.
Marsik, P., kokoska, L., Landa, P., Nepovim, A., Soudek, P. & Vanek, T., 2005, In vitro Inhibitory Effect of Thymol and Quinones of Nigella sativa Seeds on Cyclooxigenase-1 and 2-Catalized Prostaglandin E2 Biosynthesis, Plan-Med Journal, 2005 Aug; 71 (8); 739-742, Vol. (77) 33.
Moeflah, I.A.A., Alhaider.A.A., Mossa.J.S., Sohaibani.M., Yahya.M. A., Rafatullah. S. & Shaik. S.A., 2008, Gastroprotective Effect of an Aqueous Suspension of Black Cumin Nigella sativa on Necrotizing Agents-Induced Gastric Injury In Experimental Animal, The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology, 14 (3), 128-134.
Nismala, A., 2010, Potensi Analgetik Ekstrak Etanol Biji Jinten Hitam (Nigella sativa L.), Skripsi, Fakultas kedokteran, Universitas Jember
Odontuya, G., Hoult, J. R. S. & Houghton,P,J., 2005, Structure Activity Relationship for Antiinflammatory Effect of Luteolin and Its Derived Glycosides, Phytother Res., 19, 782-786.
Priyanto, 2008, Farmakologi Dasar Untuk Keperawatan Dan Farmasi, Hal 105-107, Lembaga Studi dan Konsultasi Farmakologi (Leskofi), Jakarta.
Ragheb, A., Attia, A., Eldin, W.H., Elbabry, F., Gazarin, S. & Shoker, A., 2009, The Protective Effect of Thymoquinone an Oxidant & Anti-Inflammatory Agent, Against Renal Injury: A Review, Saudi kidney Dis Transpl; 20 (5): 741-752.
Rajkapoor, B., Anandan, R. & Jayakar,B., 2002, Anti-Ulcer Effect of Nigella sativa Linn. Against Gastric Ulcers in Rats, Vinayaka Mission’s College of Pharmacy Current Science; (82): 2,177-178.
Retnowati, K., 2009, Pengaruh Infusa Akar Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Asam Urat Pada Tikus Putih, Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Roberts, L. J. & Morrow, J. D., 2001, Senyawa Analgesik-Antipiretik dan Antiradang serta Obat-Obat Yang Digunakan Dalam Penanganan Pirai, dalam Goodman & Gilman, Dasar Farmakologi Terapi, Edisi 10, 666-709, Penerbit Buku Kedokteran, Bandung.
Rowe, C.,Sheskey,J.P. & Weller, J.W.,2003, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipien, 4th edition, 101-103, Pharmaceutical Press and American Pharmaceutical.
Siswanto, A. dan Nurulita, N. A., 2005, Daya Antiinflamasi Infusa Daun Mahkota Dewa Pada Tikus Putih Jantan, Prosiding Seminar Nasional TOI XXVI, Batu, 15-16 Maret 2005.
Sukandar, E.Y.,Andrajati, R., Sigit, J.I., Adnyana, I.K., Setiadi,A.A.P. dan Kusnandar, 2008, ISO Farmakoterapi, 645-646, PT Isfi Penerbitan, Jakarta.
Tanko.Y., Mohammed. A., Okasha. M.A., Shuaibu. A., Magaji. M.G., Yaro A.H., 2007, Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ethanolic Seed Extract of Nigella Sativa (Black curmin) in Mice and Rats; Eur J Sci Res, 18, 2: 277-281
Tjay, H. T. dan Rahardja, K., 2002, Obat-Obat Penting: Khasiat, Penggunaan & Efek-efek Sampingnya, edisi V, 303-314, 332, 327- 334, Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta.
