ABSTRAK
Infeksicacing yang ditularkanmelaluitanahmasihmerupakanpenyakitdenganprevalensi yang tinggi yang
seringmenginfeksisiswasekolahdasarkarenamerekaseringkontakdengantanahdanperso nal hygiene-nyarendah.Pemeriksaanlaboratoriumfesessiswasekolahdasarjarangdilakukanwalaupun diagnosa klinisbanyakmenunjukkangejalakecacingan.Faktorpersonal hygiene yang burukdanketidakkecukupanenergi dan protein, antara lain, adalahfaktor yang berkontribusiterhadapinfeksicacing.
Penelitianinibertujuanuntukmengetahuihubunganpersonal hygiene dantingkatkecukupanmakanandenganinfeksikecacingan di sekolahdasarKecamatan
Medan Helvetia Kota Medan tahun 2014.Jenispenelitianiniadalahpenelitiansurvei denganrancanganpenelitiancross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV dan V pada tujuh sekolah dasar negeri dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 88 responden yang dipilihsecaraproporsional random sampling dengan
menghitung sampel fraction. Data personal
hygienedankecukupanmakanandikumpulkanmelaluiwawancaramenggunakankuesione rdaninfeksi kecacingan diperiksamelaluipemeriksaanlaboratorium. Penelitian ini menggunakanuji statistik Chi-square dan uji regresi logistik berganda.
Hasilpenelitianmenunjukkan 21,6% siswa sekolah dasar terinfeksi cacing (63,2% A.l; 36,8% T.t) dan terdapat hubungan yang bermaknaantarapersonal hygiene (kebiasaancucitangan, kebiasaanmandi, kebiasaangunting kuku dan penggunaan alas kaki) denganinfeksikecacingan dan antara tingkat kecukupan makanan (kecukupanenergi dan kecukupan protein) denganinfeksikecacingan. Ujiregresilogistik menjelaskanbahwa penggunaan alas kaki memiliki hubungan paling besar, yaitu 95%, terhadap infeksikecacinganpadasiswasekolahdasar.
Para siswa diharapkan selalu menjaga personal hygiene untuk mencegah penularan telur cacing dengan selalu memakai alas kaki ketika di sekolah dan setiap kali pergi keluar dari rumah. Selain itu, orang tua diharapkan selalu memerhatikan kecukupan makanan siswa untuk mencapai gizi baik dan seimbang demi daya tahan tubuh yang baik.Juga, pihak pemerintah sebagai regulator diharapkan untuk mengeluarkan kebijakan dan informasi terkait personal hygiene siswa sekolah dasar, meningkatkan promosi kesehatan dan program gizi seimbang, serta melakukan pemantauan infeksi kecacingan siswa sekolah dasar secara rutin.
ABSTRACT
Wormy infection, transmitted through dirt, is a disease with high prevalence; it usually infects elementary school children since they often make a contact with dirt and their personal hygiene is low. Examination on their feces is seldom done in the laboratory although clinical diagnosis shows that there is a symptom of being wormy. Bad personal hygiene and the lack of energy and protein, among others, is the factor which contributes to wormy infection.
The objective of the research was to find out the correlation of personal hygiene and the level of food adequacy with wormy infection at the Elementary Schools in Medan Helvetia Subdistrict, Medan, in 2014. The research was a survey with cross sectional design. The population was all Grades IV and V students at seven public schools, and 88 of them were used as the samples, taken by using proportional random sampling technique and calculating sample fractions. Data on personal hygiene and food adequacy were gathered through interviews and questionnaires, and wormy infection was examined in the laboratory. The gathered data were analyzed by using chi square statistic test and multiple logistic regression analysis.
The results of the research showed that 21,6% of elementary school students were infected by worm (63,2% A.l; 36,8% T.t) and there was significant correlation between personal hygiene (the habits of washing hand, taking a bath, cutting nails, and using footwear) and wormy infection and between the level of food adequacy (adequacy in energy and protein) and wormy infection. The result of logistic regression test showed that the use of footwear had the most dominant correlation (95%) with wormy infection in elementary school children.
It is recommended that students always keep personal hygiene to forestall the transmission of worm eggs by wearing footwear at schools and any time they go out of their houses. Besides that, parents should pay attention to their children’s food adequacy in order to get good and balanced nutrition to keep their stamina. The government as the regulator should make a policy and information about personal hygiene of elementary school children and increase health promotion and balanced nutrition program and monitor wormy infection in elementary school students.
