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Berbagai Penyakit
/S E K I T A Rt a h u n 1 9 9 0 - a n ,t a n a m a n s i r i h m e r a h p e r n a h m e n j a d i i n c a r a n b a g i p a r a p e n g o l e k s i t a n a m a n k a r e n a k e i n d a h a n d a n k e u n i k a n n y a . B e b e r a p a t a h u n i n i , s i r i h m e r a h k e m b a l i m e n j a d i i n c a r a n k a r e n a k e a n e k a r a g a m a n k h a s i a t y a n g d i m i l i k i n y a .
S e l a i n p e n a m p i l a n n y a y a n g i n d a h d a n u n i k , a k h i r - a k h i r i n i t a n a m a n y a n g m e r n i l i k i n a r n a l a t i n
piper crocatum
i n i j u g a m e l e j i t k e m b a l i s e b a g a i t a n a m a n o b a t H a s i l p e n e l i t i a n m e n u n j u k a n b a h w a t e r d a p a t b a n y a k z a t b e r k h a s i a t y a n g t e r k a n d u n g d i d a l a m n y a s e p e r t i K a n d u n g a n k i m i a y a n g t e r d a p a t d a l a m d a u n s i r i h m e r a h a d a l a h m i n y a k a t s i r i ,flavonoid,'
polofenol,
. hidroksikavicol,kauicol,kavibetol, .
allylprokatekol,karvakrol,eugenol,
p-cymene, cineole, caryofelen,
kadimen estragol,ter-penena,
d a nfenil propada.
D i k a l a n g a n m a s y a r a k a t l u a s , t a n a m a n y a n g t e r m a s u k k e d a l a m k e l u a r g a
piperaceae
i n i l e b i h d i k e n a l s e b a g a i o b a t k e p u t i h a n d a n o b a t k u m u r ( a n t i s e p t i k ) . P a d a h a l s e l a i n s e b a g a i a n t i s e p t i k , s i r i h m e r a h j u g a d a p a t d i g u n a k a n u n t u k p e n g o b a t a n d i a b e t e s m i l i t u s ( k e n c i n g m a n i s ) , h e p a t i t i s , b a t u g i n j a l , m e n u r u n k a n k o l e s t e r o l , m e n c e g a h s t r o k e , a s a m u r a t , h i p e r t e n s i , r a d a n g l i v e r , r a d a n g p r o s t a t , r a d a n g m a t a , m a a g , k e l e l a h a n , n y e r i s e n d i d a n m e m p e r h a l u s k u l i t . K a n d u n g a n f l a v o n o i d d a n p o l i f e n o l p a d a s i r i h m e r a h b e r s i f a to ~ y a n g m e n g a n d u n g n i t r o g e n s e b a g a i b a g i a n d a d s i s t e m h e t e r o s i k l i k .
K a n d u n g a n e u g e n o l d a p a t d i g u n a k a n u n t u k m e n g u r a n g i r a s a s a k i t . K a n d u n g a n f l a v o n o i d , a l k a l o i d , s e n y a w a p o l i f e n o l a t , t a n n i n d a n m i n y a k a t s i r i j u g a d a p a t m e n g h a l u s k a n k u l i t s e h i n g g a b e b e r a p a s a l o n k e c a n t i k a n m e n y e d i a k a n d a u n s i r i h m e r a h y a n g s u d a h d i o l a h m e n j a d i I u l u r ,
P e n g o l a h a n s i r i h m e r a h s e b a g a i o b a t t r a d i s i o n a l b i s a d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n c a r a 4 - 5 h e l a i d a u n s i r i h m e r a h y a n g s e g a r d i r e b u s d e n g a n 2 g e l a s a i r m a s a k h i n g g a m e n d i d i h d a n a i m y a m e n y u s u t h i n g g a l e b i h k u r a n g 1 g e l a s . A i r h a s i l r e b u s a n i t u d i d i n g i n k a n l a l u d i m i n u m s e c a r a r u t i n s e h a r i t i g a k a l i s a t u g e l a s . K a r e n a r a s a d a r i a i r r e b u s a n s i r i h i n i p a h i t , b i s a d i t a m b a h k a n g u l a a t a u m a d u u n t u k m e m p e r b a i k i r a s a n y a . A d a c a r a y a n g l e b i h p r a k t i s u n t u k m e n g k o n s u m s i d a u n s i r i h m e r a h , y a i t u d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n t e h s i r i h m e r a h . D e n g a n t e h s i r i h m e r a h , p e n y e d i a a n m e n j a d i l e b i h p r a k t i s y a i t u h a n y a d e n g a n m e n y e d u h t h e s i r i h m e r a h a t a u d a u n s i r i h m e r a h s e g a r y a n g t e l a h d i c u c i d a l a m s e g e l a s a i r p a n a s d i a m k a n h i n g g a d i n g i n . a n t i o k s i d a n ,a n t i d i a b e t i k ,a n t i k a n k e t
a n t i s e p t i k d a n a n t i i n f l a m a s i . T a n a m a n o b a t y a n g d a p a t b e r f u n g s i s e b a g a i a n t i d i a b e t e s m e m i l i k i b e b e r a p a m e k a n i s m e k e r j a . S a l a h s a t u m e k a n i s m e k e r j a n y a a d a l a h d e n g a n m e n g a k t i f k a ne n z i m g l u k o s a o k s i d a s e . E n z i r n g l u k o s a o k s i d a s e a d a l a h e n z i m y a n g b e r f u n g s i u n t u k m e n g k a t a l i s i s o k s i d a s i j l - D s g l u k o s a m e n j a d i a s a m g l u k o n a t d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m o l e k u l o k s i g e n s e b a g a i a k s e p t o r e l e k t r o n . U j i p r a k l i n i s y a n g d i l a k u k a n t e r h a d a p 3 e k o r t i k u s y a n g t e r k e n a d i a b e t e s m e m b i l k t i k a n b a h w a d a u n s i r i h m e r a h d a p a t m e n u r u n k a n k a d a r g u l a d a l a m d a r a h d a n j u g a m e n g o n t r o l k a d a r g u l a d a l a m d a r a h b i l a d i k o n s u m s i s e c a r a r u t i n .
K a n d u n g a n a l k a l o i d p a d a d a u n s i r i h m e r a h s e l a i n s e b a g a i a n t i m i k r o b a j u g a m e m p u n y a i s i f a t a n t i n e o p l a s t i k y a n g m a m p u m e n g h a m b a t p e r t u m b u h a n s e l - s e l k a n k e r . A l k a l o i d a d a l a h b a h a n
O l e h : A n i s a D e s y A r y a n t i M a h a s i s w i F a k u l t a s F a r m a s i U n i v e r s i t a s P a d j a d j a r a n
