PLANNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM STUDENTS.

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PLANNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM

STU~

A THESIS

By

IRAWATY

NIM: 025010077

(S.S. Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara.)

Submitted to the English Applied Linguistics Study Program in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Magister Humaniora

ENGLISH APPUED UNCUISTICS STIJDY PROGRAM

POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

STATE UNIVERSITY OF

MEDAN

2007

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Advisers' Statements

l certify that. I have read this thesis and that, in my opinion it is fully adequate in scope and

quality as a Thesis for the Degree of Magister Humaniora.

Dr. Berlin Sibarani. M.Pd

I First Adviser

I certify that I have read this thesis and that. in my opinion it is fully adequate in scope and

quality as a Thesis for the Degree of Magister Humaniora.

Prof. Dr. Jawasi Naibaho

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Approval

This Thesis was examined on 07 June 2007 by the board of Examiners.

Board of Examiners

Dr. Berlin Sibonull, M.Pd.

""' ... r. _Prof.

Dr.

_{JawPsi Nai} babo _.

Prof. D.P. Tampubolon, Ph.D.

Prof. Amrin Smgih, M.A., Ph.D.

Dr. Lince Sibombing, M.Pd

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Approved by

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The Dirccvrof e Postgraduate School

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JrEn\';sh Applied

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Program

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AC KNOWLE.DGEMENT

first and foremost, the write.r ralces this special opportunity to bow her head

and express her deepest appraisal to Allah SWT, the Beneficent and the Merciful

Wbo has given her blessing in completing her srudy.

In the course of writing rhis thesis, rhe writer wishes ro express ber deepest gratitude to Prof. Tina Mariany Kariman, Dra, M.A., Ph.D as the head of English

Applied Linguistics Srudy Program. The writer also extends her sinoere thanks to Dr.

Berlin

Sibamn~

M.Pd, her first consultant., for his continuous supervision. full attention. and endless encouragement given to her throughout the process of writing

this tbcsis; and lo Prof. Dr. Jawa.~i Naibaho, her second consultant, for his motivation

and suggestions in the completion of the study.

Many chnnks arc also due to Pro( D. P Twnpubolon, Ph.D .. Prof. Amrin

Sruagih, M.A., Ph.D, and Dr. tince Sihombing, M.Pd for their valuable suggestions

on the imporUtnt aspects to he included in this thesis.

Next,

the

writer would

like

to

take this

opportunity to

express her

thankfulness to all the lecturers for their knowledgeable lectures and views that have

broaden her horizon, and she realized that there are still so many things to he studied.

It is a pleasure to rhank all friends for their extremely valuable cornments and

suggestion for this writing.

Last btu not least, her earnest thanks are presented to her heloved father.

Abdul Aziz, and her mother, Rosmawaty Saragib., her brothers and sisters for their

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endless love, care, support, and prnycrs until all last she can tinish this piece of

research.

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Medan, June 2007

The Writer

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ABSTRACT

lrawati. 2007. Planning ESP Materials for Tourism Students. lllesis, AppLied Linguistic, Stale Univel'.lity of Medan.

English is one of the subjects taught in education institution. whether it is in generol school or vocational ones, in primary level, junior bigb school, senior high scltool.

or

in university level. The aim of this subject is to provide the students with the skills they need ~p p ropriate with their own field. Therefore, this research is conducred to find out whar the studenls need most that can be used as references in planning the m:uerials for them.

This study is conducted to make a research and to find out tbe needs analysis of English of !he students in Tourism vocational Schools, Shandy Put.r .. and Y APIM. which covers three aspects: studenls' target needs, students' lack, and studerus'

le-Mning needs. Thus, tbis research is done by do ing an interview to the students and the teachers, and also supported with the result of the questionnaire distributed to the students.

...

ABSTRAK

lrawati. 2007.

Planning ESP Materials for Tourism

Students. Tesis, Linguistik

Ter:apan Bahasa

Inggris,

UNIVERSITAS NEGERI

~ffiDAN .

Bahasa lnggris merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang diajarkan di

institusi pendidikan, baik itu di sekolah - sekolab umum maupun kejuruan, baik d i

tingkat dasar., pertama, menengab maupun tingkat perguruan tinggi.

Tujuannya

adalah untuk membekali siswa - sisv,i dengan

keahlian

yang mereka butuhkan sesuai

dengan bidang mereka masing - masing. Oleh k:arena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan

untuk mengetahui apa yang paling

dibutuhkan

oleh siswa tersebut

yang

dapat

digunakan sebagai acuan untuk: mencipatakan materi untuk para siswa.

Studi ini dilakukan untuk ffieneliti dan mendapatkan analisa kebutnhan bahasa

Inggris siswa - siswi di sekolah kejuruan Pariwi.sata Shandy

Putra

dan Y APIM yang

mencakup tiga hal yaitu students' target needs, students• lac~ and the students•

learning needs. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengadakan interview teriladap siswa

dan guru yang didukung dengan basil angket yang dibagik.an kepada para siswa.

Temuan dari penelitian ini memmjukkan bahwa kebutuhan yang sangat

menonjol adalah berbicara, sedangkan tiga keahlian berbahasa lainnya. mendengarkan, menulis, dan membaca tidalc terlalu dibumhkan oleh siswa. Di lain sisi, para siswa juga mengalami kesulitan dalam hal berbicara dan mendengarkan. Hal

ini

dikarenakan para siswa mengalami kesulitan ketika barus menyusun kalimat yang sesuai dengan stmktur dan tata babasa yang baik. Disamping itu, dalam

mendengarkan, s iswa sulit untuk memahami apa yang diucapkan oleh orang lain.

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, education is one of the major individual needs. In addition. to

converse an uneducared man to be an educated ooe, education will enhance an image

of community. Any nations recognize that the development of nation begins by a bigh

qualified education.

Indonesia. as a developing country and a gmt! nation in Southeast Asia, is

preparing a qualified education for its citizens. 1'h.is can be indicated by a big number

of education centers equipped by complete facilities to enhance the knowledge and

information from either inteniAI or national side accurately and eft"ectively. For

example,

some

education centers which provide their students with any fucilities such

as computer, laboratory, library. and foreign language laboratories. One of the

important foreign language studied in formal education instirution and courses centers

in Indonesia eitber in tbe elememary or tbe hlgher education institution is English.

English is one of the language studied and well-n::coqnizcd by most nations in

the world. 11ris makes English an international language. It is used in many aspects of

life S\lcb as business transaction, trade, tourism, and education process. According to

Richard (1985), English

is

a language used and studied in the wot'ld as a second and foreign language.

In Indonesia, English is a foreign language. Unfortunately, the qualities of

students in learning English develop slowly. Moreover, only few of educati.on centers

that provide good perfonnanee of English when they introduce the: language to their

..

that English is mysticism language because they cannot speak in English but only in

their heart. ln fact, the graduate~ of senior high school (SMU) hnve not yet spoken in

English although they have studied F..nglish since the lirst year of junior high school

There nre many factors behind tho unsatisfied result of Indonesian students in

learning English. One of them is because the educalion institutions do not offer what

the students need in studying English. Palmer and Mackay (1981) say that language

program must be focused on the students' need. ln other words, the amwgement of

curriculum or le-.trning program must indicate the type of English that is nec..'SSary for

students. This can be realized by the analysis of English need for students. The

importance of the needs analysis is indicated by the fowtdecs of needs analysis

(Munby, 1978; Richtcrich and Chanceral, 1980' Yalden. 1987; Hutchinson lll1d

Waters, 1987; David NWtan, 1988; lll1d Paulirte Robinson, 1991). Then~ of the

students in s111dying English can be ana.ly?.cd and tho result will ltclp tbe teachers to

adjust the curriculum progwn ba.~ on the students' needs.

Because of the unsatisfied result of Indonesian students in learning English,

especially lbose who take \'ocational schools, it is no doubt that needs analysis must

be conducted at the vocational schools, in this case. tbc writer chooses the ·vocational

school for tourism in Medan, since tourism is one of the important sectors in

increasing national foreign exchange.

1. 1 Background oflhc Study

Tourism is one of the important sectors in increasing the foreign exchange in

North Sumatra. There are so many domestic and foR>ign tourists who are interested in

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"--·-·--visiting North Sumatra. Because of this, the Cultural and Tourism Department of

North Sumatra has big bomeworks in developing the !Alurism sector. One of them is

in the field of human resource. Based on the Strntcgic Plan of Cull ural and Tourism

Department of North Su10atra Year 2002 - 2005, it describes the choice of the

Program Wld Activity which can be Wld must be done by Cultural and Tourism

Depannent of North Sumatra, which covers the program and activity which have a

strong and stralegic motivation for the growth and development of Cultural and

Tourism activities. One of the programs is to develop the quality and quantity of

cultural and tourism hunlJlll resource.

People who work in tourism field usually communicate wi.th foreigo people.

They need good English in communicating with the people. But, unluckily, most

Indonesian students cannot master the skills that they need in the future. Especially,

when they work in tourism field, they must have a good English tQ commqpic;atc with

the foreign tourists. Therefore, lhis study is necessary 10 find out what the students'

need in learning English to baclc up them in their job.

The

accunlll~

method

is

applied to investigate the skill

needed by

the students

in learning English. In this study, the writer will detennine the importnnt needs of the

students in learning English based on lhe four skill in English to help her in planning

an ESP nu1terial f'or touri.srn students.

1.1 The Research Probkms

Based on the backgound oflbe swdy, the problems of the study are stated in

the fonn of questions as below:

I. What language skills are required by the tourism students?

2. What teoching materials should

be

planned to fulfill the students' needs?

1.3 The Obj«tives of tbe Study

In carrying out a research. it is necessary to state the objects of the study

clearly. Otherwise, this research will

be

useless and only waste lhe time. So, lhe

objects of lhe study are to:

J. Find out what language slciUs are required by the tourism students.

2. Find out what teaching materials should be planned to fulfill the sllldents·

n...'Cds.

1.4 The Sigoifi tMIII or the Study

After linishing this study, hopefully, this study is expected to provide

i.nfonnotion which may have practical os well as theoretical value for English

teachers. ·Theoretically. the result of the study will add what has been fotUid in the

am~ of ~Caching

ESP

Materials. Meanwhile, p~ically ,

the

result of this

study

will

inform the E11gJish teachcrn especially in tourism scbools in their attempts to design

the ESP Materials.

S. l C on d~&Sio u

C l{APTER V

CONCLUSIO NS AND SUGGESTIO NS

After analyzing the data. conclusions are drawn as the following:

l. It is found that the leameTS' needs in learning English are to be able to speak iL Espec:ially,lhey need English to communicate wilh foreign tourists.

2. Wilh reference to lhcir needs resulted from lhe need analysis, functional and

situational syllabuses are derived. The functional syUabus focuses on the function

of using English in introducing self, making a short welcome speech, giving hotel

infonnation, dealing with resemttion, ba.ndling check in and check out, etc., while

the situational syllabus focuses on using English in certain situations like at tho airport, in the hotel,at the travel agency, etc.

3. The derived functional and situational syllabuses and materials designs arc

potentially applied in real life situations to meet wilh the tourism students ' needs.

5.2 Su ggestions

In relation to the conclusion, suggestions are staged as the following:

I. Jt is suggested to lhe teachers that students ' needs should be considered in designing syllabus and materials. By knowing the learners' needs, the objective of

the syllabus can be designed. In lhis way, the learners do not waste their time to

learn something tbey do not need.

2. It is suggested that tourism teachers should apply this syllabus and material

design in order to see in efficiency and in effectiveness of the design and beu~

improvement should be made.

3. It is suggested that other researchers should oooduct further studies on deriving

syllabWI or material which refereoce 10 the students' needs.

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