Kelompok Kompetensi D (Profesional: Short Functional Text 2)

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SHORT FUNCTIONAL

TEXTS

_DIKLAT

GURU PEMBELAJAR BAHASA

INGGRIS SMA/SMK

MODA TATAP MUKA

Kelompok Kompetensi D

(Profesional:

Short Functional

Text 2

)

Disiapkan oleh:

Tim Pengembang

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TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN

SKENARIO PEMBELAJARAN

MATERI PEMBELAJARAN

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Identify specific implied and stated information in short functional written text, letter.

Identify communicative purpose of short functional written text , letter.

Decide an appropriate kind of text (letter) for specific case. TUJUAN

PEMBELAJAR AN

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LETTERS (8JP)

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT 1 (10JP) SKENARIO

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Descr

iptive

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Material:

Short Functional Text

Letters

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Letter

What do you have in mind when

you read or hear this word?

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Menurut Marjo, (2000: 15) Surat adalah alat komunikasi

tertulis, atau sarana untuk menyampaikan pernyataan

maupun informasi secara tertulis dari pihak satu

kepada pihak yang lain. Informasi tersebut bisa berupa

pemberitahuan, pernyataan, pertanyaan, permintaan,

laporan, pemikiran, sanggahan dan lain sebaginya.

Definisi

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Sedangkan Suhanda menjelaskan surat adalah

sehelai kertas atau lebih yang memuat suatu bahan

komunikasi yang disampaikan oleh seseorang kepada

orang lain, baik atas nama pribadi maupun

kedudukannya dalam organisasi atau kantor (Suhanda,

1978 : 1).

Definisi

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”Surat

merupakan

komunikasi

tertulis

untuk

menyampaikan informasi pernyataan, pesan kepada

pihak lain yang mempunyai keperluan kegiatan dengan

berbagai pihak tertentu”.

(O. Setiawan Djuharie, Suharie, Teddy Sutandi Komaruddin, Surat Menyurat Serbaguna, Djambatan, Bandung, 2001.)

Definisi

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LETTERS BACK TO MATERI

Surat

Alat Komunikasi

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1. To make a connection among personals and

institutions

2. To send a written message to someone or an

institution

3. As a legal written document

Social Functions of a letter:

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A. B

ased on the Writer, letter is divided into:

1. Personal letter : a letter that is written by an

individual. It is personal and dedicated to

someone or institution.

2. Formal letter : a letter that is written by an

institution. It is personal and dedicated to

someone or an other institution.

Kinds of Letter:

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B. B

ased on the Concern

, l

etter is divided into

:

1. Personal letter

2. Formal letter

3. Business letter

4. Social letter

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C. Based on the content, letter is divided into:

a.

Information letter

b.

Letter of Decree

c.

Letter of Duty

d.

Letter of Request

e.

Invitation Letter

f.

Application Letter

g.

Letter of Agreement

h.

Report

i.

Letter of Order

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D. Based on the characteristics, letter is

divided into:

1. Common letter

2. Confidential letter (terbatas),

3. Private letter

E. Based on the urgencies,

letter is divided into:

4. Ordinary

5. Urgent

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F. Based on the form, letter is divided into

post card, telegram, telex or facsimile,

memo, note, receipt

G. Based on the scope, letter is divided

into intern and extern letter

H. Based on the object, letter is divided

into common letter, circular letter, and

announcement

Letter according to Finoza…

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Here, we are going to discuss:

Personal Letter

and

Formal Letter.

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

The use of informal language to

express your feelings, thoughts, and

experience.

Language Features:

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

Punctuations :



_{The dates are written in the order of day, month and year.}



Commas are used after the city’s name in front of the date.

e.g. Jakarta, 11 November 2011 Makassar, 28 August 2011



We also use commas after greetings and farewells.

e.g. Dear Sari, Always,

Dear Dameria, Love,

Yours sincerely, Best regards,



_{We use commas to separate the different parts of the}

address which are written in order.

e.g. Jalan RS. Fatmawati 3, Pondok Labu, Jakarta Selatan

Language Features:

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

Using various tenses depend on the context

of letter

present tense,

past tense or

present future tense

Language Features:

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Personal letter has 5 main parts. 1. HEADING:

Includes the address and the date . In some cases, it is OK to just write the date.

2. SALUTATION (GREETING):

The greeting usually starts with 'Dear' and is followed by the person's name - Always ends with a comma

- There are two types of greetings : a) Formal (ex: Dear)

b) Informal (ex: Hi, Greetings, name, etc) 3. BODY:

After skipping a line, you begin the body of your letter which is the main text of your letter. Indent for each new paragraph.

Parts of a Personal Letter

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Personal letter has 5 main parts.

4. CLOSING:

The closing includes a short capitalized expression such as

:

Yours truly,

Sincerely, Friends Forever

'Sincerely' or 'Love'

and is followed by a

comma. Skip a line after the body before writing your closing.

5. SIGNATURE:

You sign your name beginning directly below the closing.

Sometimes you may add a

POSTSCRIPT

at the end of your letter. You

write

P.S.

, add a note and then end it with your initials.

Parts of a Personal Letter

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18720 Linnet Street Tarzana, CA 91356 September 8, 2007 Dear Jasmina,

Hi, how are things going! I just got back from my vacation in Alaska. I had a really great time with my family. First, we flew on Delta Airlines from Los Angeles to Vancouver, Canada. It was so cool! My mom had to get all of us kids passports and stuff like four months in advance because Canada is a whole other country. We spent the night in Vancouver and went to the cruise ship the next day in time for lunch. Man, the cruise ship was humongous and spectacular. Once we got onboard we went straight to our room. It was huge. My mom and dad had their bedroom with an enormous bed. Me and Rick shared a bedroom that had a bunk-bed, a dresser and a mirrored closet. Little André slept on the sofa-bed. The room had a huge porthole window and a ledge where you could sit and look out over the ocean. The bathroom had a shower and a toilet that made a sound like it could suck you down and spit you out into the sea.

Well, I don’t want to tell you everything. I’ll save the rest for when we see each other face-to-face.

Love,

(Main Content of Letter)

LETTERS

Parts of Personal Letter

BACK TO MATERI

1. HEADING

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

Formal letter umumnya dikirim secara resmi,

menggunakan bahasa formal, dan terikat oleh

aturan-aturan dalam penulisan surat.



Surat resmi dapat dijumpai pada surat yang ditujukan

ke kantor pemerintah, perusahaan-perusahaan dan

sejenisnya.



Surat resmi juga dapat berbentuk surat undangan yang

dikirim untuk acara-acara resmi, seperti undangan

rapat, undangan seminar, simposium, dll.

Formal Letter (Surat Resmi)

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1.Tanggal ditulis di pojok kanan atas.

2. Nama dan alamat pengirim.

3. Nama dan alamat yang dituju.

4. Salutation

atau sapaan.

5. Margin diawali dari sisi kiri.

6. Isi surat.

7. Frasa penutup, seperti

Thank you, Awaiting your

reply dll.

9. Dalam surat resmi, hanya menggunakan

Yours

Faithfully

diikuti koma.

Bagian-bagian dari surat resmi:

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Bagian-bagian

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HAL-HAL YANG PERHATIKAN

DALAM PEMBUATAN SURAT

Dalam membuat surat resmi, ada

beberapa hal perlu diperhatikan,

antara lain :

1. Salutation (Greeting)

a. Dear Mr. Brown

2. Starting

a. We are writing to inform

you that ...

b. to confirm ...

c. to request ...

d. to enquire about ...

e. I am contacting you for

the following reason.

f. I recently read/heard

about . . . and would like

to know . . .

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h. I would be interested in (obtaining/ receiving) ...

i. I received your address from ... and would like to ...

j. I am writing to tell you about ..

3. Referring to previous contact

a. Thank you for your letter of March 15 ... b. Thank you for contacting us.

c. In reply to your request ...

d. Thank you for your letter regarding ...

e. With reference to our telephone conversation yesterday ...

f. Further to our meeting last week ...

g. It was a pleasure meeting you in London last month.

h. I enjoyed having lunch with you last week in Tokyo.

i. I would just like to confirm the main points we discussed on Tuesday..

4. Making a request

a. We would appreciate it if you would ...

b. I would be grateful if you could... c. Could you please send me . . . d. Could you possibly tell us/let us have...

e. In addition, I would like to receive ...

f. It would be helpful if you could send us ...

g. I am interested in (obtaining/ receiving...

h. I would appreciate your immediate attention to this matter.

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3. Offering help

a. We would be happy to ... b. Would you like us to ... c. We are quite willing to ...

d. Our company would be pleased to ...

4. Giving good news

a. We are pleased to announce that ... b. I am delighted to inform you that ... c. You will be pleased to learn that ...

5. Giving bad news

a. We regret to inform you that ...

b. I'm afraid it would not be possible to ...

c. Unfortunately we cannot/we are unable to ...

d. After careful consideration we have decided (not) to ...

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6. Complaining

a. I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with ... b. I am writing to complain about ...

c. Please note that the goods we ordered on (date) have not yet arrived. d. We regret to inform you that our order n --- is now considerably overdue. e. I would like to query the transport charges which seem unusually high.

7. Apologizing

a. We are sorry for the delay in replying ... b. I regret any inconvenience caused…

c. I would like to apologize for (the delay/the inconvenience) ... d. Once again, I apologize for any inconvenience.

8. Orders

a. Thank you for your quotation of ...

b. We are pleased to place an order with your company for ... c. We would like to cancel our order n°...

d. Please confirm receipt of our order.

e. I am pleased to acknowledge receipt of your order n°... f. Your order will be processed as quickly as possible.

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g. It will take about (three) weeks to process your order. h. We can guarantee delivery before ...

i. Unfortunately these articles are no longer available/are out of stock.

9. Prices

a. Please send us your price list.

b. You will find enclosed our most recent catalogue and price list. c. Please note that our prices are subject to change without notice. d. We have pleasure in enclosing a detailed quotation.

e. We can make you a firm offer of ... f. Our terms of payment are as follows.

10. Referring to payment

a. Our records show that we have not yet received payment of ... b. According to our records ...

c. Please send payment as soon as possible. d. You will receive a credit note for the sum of ...

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11. Enclosing documents

a. I am enclosing ...

b. Please find enclosed ...

c. You will find enclosed ...

12. Closing remarks

a. If we can be of any further assistance, please let us know

b. If I can help in any way, please do not hesitate to contact me If

you require more information ...

c. For further details ...

d. Thank you for taking this into consideration

e. Thank you for your help

f. We hope you are happy with this arrangement

g. We hope you can settle this matter to our satisfaction

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13. Referring to future business

a. We look forward to a successful working relationship in the future b. We would be (very) pleased to do business with your company c. I would be happy to have an opportunity to work with your firm

14. Referring to future contact

a. I look forward to seeing you next week b. Looking forward to hearing from you c. I wait to receiving your comments

d. I look forward to meeting you on the 15th

e. I would appreciate a reply at your earliest convenience f. An early reply would be appreciated.

15. Ending

a. Sincerely,

b. Yours sincerely, (for all customers/clients) c. Sincerely yours,

d. Regards, (for those you already know and/or with whom you already have a working relationship.)

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Contoh:

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Room 354, Block 6 20 November 2015 Model Village North Point Hong Kong Phone: 24862893 Mobile: 95427415 E-mail: [email protected] Mr William Chan

Personnel Manager

Wong And Lim Consulting PO Box 58 Kwai Chung Kowloon

Dear Mr Chan,

I am writing to apply for the post of Management Trainee, which was advertised on the Student Affairs Office notice board of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University on 20 November 2015.

My working experience at Lucky Star Garment Manufactory Limited improved my leadership skills, communication skills and ability to work in a team environment. I have fluent spoken and written English. I also have fluent spoken and written Mandarin, and can therefore work in mainland China. Currently I am studying a B.A. in Management at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, graduating in 2016. Subjects which I am studying that are relevant to the post of Management Trainee include Operations Management, Human Resources Management, Accounting, Marketing and Strategic Management.

My final year project is entitled Knowledge Management Practices in HK. Carrying out this project has improved my communication skills, my leadership skills and my ability to lead and supervise subordinates effectively. I have also learned how to run a project from the planning stage to its completion.

During my studies I have held the post of Executive in the Management Society. While leading and organizing Management Society activities I have improved my ability to lead and supervise subordinates effectively, ability to work under pressure and ability to work in a team environment.

Working for Wong And Lim Consulting appeals to me because it has a good reputation and it provides excellent training. Your organization produces a high-quality service, and I can contribute to this with my leadership skills and my ability to work under pressure.

I am available for interview at any time. I can be contacted most easily on the mobile phone number given above. I look forward to meeting you. Yours sincerely,

Wong Wai Man Wilfred Encl: Resume

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Observe the following texts; find the

similarities and differences

Activity 1

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18720 Linnet Street Tarzana, CA 91356 September 8, 2015

Dear Jasmina,

Hi, how are things going! I just got back from my vacation in Alaska. I had a really great time with my family. First, we flew on Delta Airlines from Los Angeles to Vancouver, Canada. It was so cool! My mom had to get all of us kids passports and stuff like four months in advance because Canada is a whole other country. We spent the night in Vancouver and went to the cruise ship the next day in time for lunch.

Man, the cruise ship was humongous and spectacular. Once we got onboard we went straight to our room. It was huge. My mom and dad had their bedroom with an enormous bed. Me and Rick shared a bedroom that had a bunk-bed, a dresser and a mirrored closet. Little André slept on the sofa-bed. The room had a huge porthole window and a ledge where you could sit and look out over the ocean. The bathroom had a shower and a toilet that made a sound like it could suck you down and spit you out into the sea.

Well, I don’t want to tell you everything. I’ll save the rest for when we see each other face-to-face.

Your friend,

Leana Young 39

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68 Pine Zaggat Lane

Hampervile, NE 25385

January 5, 2015

Dear Joe,

I am sorry about forgetting our lunch date. It was completely

my fault; I was so busy at work that it must have slipped my

mind. How about I treat you to lunch next Wednesday at the

new Italian restaurant Julie's at 12.30PM? I have marked this

date in my planner so I will not forget about it. I'd just like to

apologize again for missing the lunch date.

Yours Trully,

DOEL

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ever. I hope you are always in the blessing of God there.

At the end of this month, my family plan to return to Lampung to visit my grandma. I hope on that day I can join the group to visit the hometown of all stay in touch with your friends.

Unluckily, I won’t join them because I’ll have a test at the same time. So. forgive for postpone to meet you, and I’ll reschedule another time.

Say hello and my apology for my other friends. Hopefully next time we can meet.

Sincerely, Faiz Althaf

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1. Why does Mr. Fais send a letter to

Mumtaz ?

2. Why does Paul Smith send a letter ?

ACTIVITY 2: OPEN DISCUSSION

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Classify the following letters !

ACTIVITY 3: (Group

Discussion)

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35 Senggigi Raya Lombok 75009 Nusa Tenggara Timur 12 th January 2014

My dear Lovely Siti,

Hello! How are you, sweetie? I know you are angry with me because I’m writing to you after a long time. I’m so sorry, please forgive me.

You know we’re in Lombok right now. It’s so beautiful. I’m writing to you from this really cute little café on the Senggigi beach. As you know, mum loves shopping so she went and will be gone for hours. I decided to write to you while I enjoy my cup of coffee. You know yesterday we went to Gili Nanggu Island, It’s a beach on the southeast of Lombok. The place is awesome. It’s so beautiful. I couldn’t believe my eyes. There are beautiful coral reef everywhere. We went for snorkeling and we saw most amazing fish ever. I wish you were here, it would have been much more fun.

Mum’s making sure we don’t miss any sight in the whole city, so we’ve practically been everywhere. I got to go, mum is here. I ‘ll see you soon

Lots of love,

Lana

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October 10, 2014 To:

I am SO proud of you. Finally, this day has come and I cannot stop the tears flowing from my eyes. I am very happy to be able to share this day with you as you are ready to step into the workforce upon your graduation.

Congratulations on your great performance in your studies! Being at the 98 percentile is quite an achievement in a law program. I know that it has been tough on you to be away from your family these 7 years of studies. But you have done well, my son; I am truly proud of you.

Thank you for informing me of your great achievements in your studies. You deserve the success and recognition from your professors, peers and family. We are all very proud of you.

Your consistent hard work paid off. You will be thrown with many challenges soon, as you enter another phase of your life; but I believe that you will excel in all. You have a great personality and a sharp mind. I am sure you will use these to your best advantage.

Well done, my son! Not only have you graduated well from college, you have secured a lucrative post with one of the most prestigious law firm in Philadelphia. This is indeed a double congratulation! You have excelled beyond my expectations. Take good care of yourself and keep climbing the ladder of success! The sky’s the limit. We are here to support you each step of the way.

With all my love, Dad

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Jalan Citarum No. 30 Phone (021) 3483128 Jakarta

February 13, 2012

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGER PT ANDIKA INDO PRATAMA PO BOX 374, SBY

SURABAYA

Dear Sir,

In reply to your advertisement in Surabaya Post on February 11, 2012. I would like to apply for the position as Purchasing Manager. I am Hadi Anwar, 27 years old and unmarried. I graduated from Indonesia University majoring in Management. I have working at PT Nusa Kencana Tbk. as Export-Import Staff. I have some experiences about purchasing related in

machinery. I have more business relation in foreign country such as Japan and Malaysia. I believe that my qualifications can be an asset in your company.

Being energetic and dynamic, I can get on very well with other people. I always use computer to access network data. I have a good English knowledge in spoken and written. I am sure you will take in my qualifications into consideration.

I enclose a full of curriculum vitae and diploma. I would like to meet for an interview anytime. I look forward to hearing from you.

Regards,

Hadi Anwar, M.Si

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What is letter?

ACTIVITY : 4

(OPEN DISCUSSION)

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Activity 5

Make groups of five people

Read the letters from module KKD 1 page 8 – 11, then complete the

following table!

Kinds of letter

Social function

Date

Address and

sender

Salutation

Content

Closing

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Complete this letter with

the appropriate words.

ACTIVITY 6

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Head of Personnel PT. Hotel Chakra Buana Jl. Kingdom Struggle 56 West Jakarta

Dear Sirs,

After ………. an ad in the Daily father Kheir and Mell's today for reception office (receptionist), I volunteered to fill the position.

I have ……… my diploma program in hospitality and tourism Jakarta Tourism Academy, and believes has the necessary ……….for the job. I was twenty years old and had worked at an insurance company. I can speak English well and are able to ………computers.

For your ……….., I have attached a curriculum vitae, a copy of the good behavior of the police, the last diploma and my photos are recent.

I am looking forward to the interview, where I was able to explain all the potential and ability to father myself.

Yours sincerely,

Aquilla Ramoz

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

Write a personal letter about your

feeling and send it to somebody you

love best.



Write an application letter based on the

following job vacancy.

ACTIVITY 7

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HOW TO TEACH /DELIVER LETTER TEXT TO THE STUDENTS

1. Introducing some letters (personal and application letter) to the

students. Ask them to read them and differentiate them

2. After differentiating them, draw the students attention to the parts of

each letter. Do they have some parts of letter?

3. Give the students a letter and ask them to identify the parts of the

letter given by the teacher.

4. The teacher give explanation about letter, parts of letter, the kinds of

letter and purpose of writing a letter

5. The teacher asks the students to fill in the letter template (in groups) 6. The teacher asks the students to make a letter based on their own

creation

7. Present the letter

8. Teacher give comment and reinforcement.

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Descriptive Text

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TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN

SKENARIO PEMBELAJARAN

MATERI PEMBELAJARAN

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TUJUAN

Setelah mempelajari teks deskriptif,

diharapkan Anda akan mampu

meningkatkan penguasaan materi,

struktur, konsep, dan pola pikir

keilmuan yang mendukung

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INDIKATOR PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI

1.

Menentukan gambaran umum teks tertulis

fungsional berbentuk deskriptif dengan tepat

2.

Menentukan makna kata teks tertulis fungsional

berbentuk deskriptif dengan tepat

3.

Menentukan informasi perinci tersurat teks tertulis

fungsional berbentuk deskriptif dengan tepat

4.

Menentukan fungsi sosial, struktur kebahasaan dan

ciri teks deskriptif

5.

Menentukan koherensi dan kohesi teks deskriptif

tertulis dengan tepat

6.

Menentukan cara pengajaran teks deskriptif

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DESCRIPTIVE

TEXT

BACK TO MATERI

DEFINISI :



Teks deskriptif : teks yang menggambarkan apa yang

kita maksud tentang orang/benda/tempat tertentu

.



Kane (2000) : menyebutkan bahwa teks deskriptif

adalah teks yang menjelaskan gambaran seseorang,

benda, atau tempat tertentu untuk menggambarkan

atau mengungkapkannya.



Terwilliger (2011): berpendapat bahwa teks deskriptif

digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan orang atau benda

tertentu dengan menyampaikan kepada pembaca

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DESCRIPTIVE TEXT BACK TO MATERI

Fungsi sosial teks deskript

:

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DESCRIPTIVE

TEXT

BACK TO MATERI

Generic Structures

1. Introduction/Pengenalan

tentang

orang,

benda, atau sesuatu yang akan dideskripsikan

2. Description/Gambaran ciri-ciri orang, benda

atau sesuatu, misalnya berasal dari mana,

warnanya, ukurannya, kesukaannya dsb.

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Unsur Kebahasaan



Kata benda yang terkait dengan orang, tempat wisata,

dan bangunan bersejarah terkenal, dengan atau tanpa

a,

an

dan

the, plural (s), this, that, those, my, his,

dan

seterusnya

.



Kata sifat tentang orang, binatang, benda dalam

kehidupan siswa di rumah, sekolah, dan sekitarnya,

dengan atau tanpa kata keterangan

quite, very,

extremely

, dan seterusnya.



Kata kerja untuk menyatakan keadaan dan deskripsi tempat

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

Penggunaan nominal singular dan plural

secara tepat, dengan atau tanpa a, an,

the, this, those, my, their, dsb secara

tepat dalam frasa nominal



Simple Past Tense untuk

mendeskripsikan suatu tempat dan

keadaan di masa lalu

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Title

Burj Khalifa

Identification

Burj Khalifa is a megatall skycraper in Dubai,

United Arab Emirates.

Description of

height

It is the tallest artificial structure in the world,

standing at 829.8 m (2,722 ft).

Description of the

construction

The construction of Burj Khalifa began in 2004,

with the exterior completed in 2009. The

building was opened in 2010, as part of the new

development called

Downtown Dubai

.

Description of

naming the

building

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Description of the

design The design of Burj Khalifa is designed as the spiral minaret. The Y-shaped plan is designed for residential and hotel usage. A buttressed core structural system is used to support the height of the building, and the cladding system is designed to withstand Dubai's summer temperatures. A total of 57 elevators and 8 escalators are installed, with the elevators having a capacity of 12 to 14 people per cabin.

Description of the quality

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Menanyakan gambaran umum sebuah teks, biasanya

diajukan pertanyaan seperti berikut ini:

1. What is the topic of the text?

2. What is the text about?

3. What does the text mainly talk about?

4. What is the main idea of the text!

5. The text is about….

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Contoh pertanyaan yang menanyakan makna

kata:

a)

What does the underlined word mean?

b)

What does the underlined phrase mean?

c)

What does the underlined sentence mean?

d)

The underlined word/phrase/ sentence means …

e)

What is the synonym of the underlined word?

f)

What is the closest meaning of the underlined word?

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Untuk menentukan makna kata tertentu dalam teks

deskriptif

• _{Baca dan pahami pertanyaan dengan baik.}

• _{Baca dengan teliti bagian teks yang memuat}

kata tersebut.

• _{Baca kalimat sekitar, sebelum, dan sesudah}

dari awal kalimat dimana kata itu digunakan.

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Kohesi dan Koherensi



Kohesi merupakan salah satu unsur pembentuk

teks yang penting.



Brown dan Yule (1983) dalam Rani (2004)

menyatakan bahwa unsur pembentuk teks itulah

yang membedakan sebuah rangkaian kalimat itu

sebagai sebuah teks atau bukan teks.



Sebuah teks harus memiliki keterpaduan bentuk

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Kohesi dan Koherensi



Kohesi adalah hubungan antar bagian dalam

teks yang ditandai oleh piranti kohesi (

cohesion

devices

).



Sedangkan koheren adalah keterpaduan antar

kalimat yang saling mendukung.



Sebuah teks yang kohesif belum tentu koheren.

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Meaning/ Function Examples Meaning/ Function Examples

Addition

Furthermore, too, Moreover, also,

in the second place, again, in addition, so far, this time subsequently

Place

Here, there, nearby, beyond, wherever

opposite to, adjacent to

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Comparison

in the same way by the same token similarly, likewise on the other hand at the same time

to put it another way

Cause

Therefore, as a result, consequently, thus, accordingly, hence

Purpose

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Concession

to be sure granted

of course, it is true Pronouns serving as

links to clearly refer to a specific word or phrase

His, its, theirs, it, their, your, her, they, our

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Contoh Paragraf yang kohesif dan koheren

My Favorite Song

I have a favorite song.

It

is ‘Katy Perry’s

Roar

.

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Contoh Paragraf yang kohesif tapi tidak

koheren

My Favorite Song

I have a favorite song.

It

is Katy Perry‘s

Roar

’. I like

this song because

it

encourages somebody who is

disregarded by others. Moreover, Katy Perry is very

beautiful.

She

has bright skin, nice teeth, beautiful

hair, and slim. A lot of people like

her

, including me.

She

will perform in Indonesia next month. My friends

and I will come to

her

concert.

We

plan to go earlier

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NOUN PHRASES



A noun phrase is a group of words with a noun or pronoun as

its head

.



The simplest one is by adding another word such as

determiners

“a”

or

“the”

like in

“the book”

. We can also put

some possessive adjective such as

“my”

or

“our”

in

“our

school”

. You can also combine a noun with an adjective to form

a noun phrase such as

“The delicious pizza”

, and in a more

complex use of noun phrase is by adding some connectors to a

sentence. Look at the example below:



It is beautiful.

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1.

Do you know them?

2.

What do you think about them?

Activity 1

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The Prince and the Princess

Everyone knows about the well-dressed Prince William and the elegant Kate Middleton. When Prince William was young, he had everything a woman wanted in a man; handsome, tall and slim, with wavy blond hair. Oh, and rich. Now they tell me he’s still tall, rich and slim… but balding. And not handsome anymore! As for men, Kate may not be curvy but she’s still a beautiful brunette, with cute dimples and a pearly-white smile. However, the pressures to conform to society, she has become a bit too skinny.

I guess it is only natural to judge people on their looks, particularly if they are famous – being overweight or slightly chubby will always be noticed by newspapers. If you look back at photos of the Prince when he was young, he doesn’t look that much different to now, except for his hair of course. Some people are even saying that Kate just wants to be a princess! Would anyone even make that comment if he had hair??

It just goes to show that some women do think that being bald somehow makes you ugly. This is not always true though, as some celebrities who are bald are voted the sexiest men alive, such as the muscled Bruce Willis and the bearded Sean Connery.

So even though it’s a case of hair today, gone tomorrow for Prince William, he still has money, and power. Most importantly, he is the hair – I mean, heir – to the throne! So do appearances really matter? In this situation, definitely not. (simplified from www.stgeorges.co.uk)

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Answer these questions based on the text!

1.

What physical appearance didn’t Prince William have when

he was young?

2.

What is the second paragraph talking about?

3.

“Most importantly, he is the hair – I mean, heir – to the

throne!”

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Fill in this chart with any adjectives you find in the

text which describes Prince William and Kate.

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Find the words in the text which have similar meaning with the

ones in this chart.

graceful and attractive in

appearance or behaviour

A white woman or girl with dark

hair

Having muscular body

Fat in a pleasant and attractive

way

The special chair used by a ruler,

especially a king or queen

A person with the automatic right

to legally receive all or most of the

money, property, title, etc from

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Activity 2

Now, let’s see another picture

Do you know where it is?

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Read the following text and answer the questions. Discuss the answer with your friends!

Ranu Kumbolo is a lake located in the Tengger Mountains, the foothills of Mount Semeru, Senduro District, Lumajang, East Java Province. This lake is part of the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park and is located at an altitude of 2,400 meters above sea level (masl). The lake is quite beautiful with its breathtaking natural scenery. The lake also serves as a transit point, both for hikers who want to go to Mahameru, the summit of Semeru and for the climbers who go down from Mahameru because basically this lake is perfect as a place to unwind your stress while looking at the beautiful view of the sunrise and sunset from the lake .

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1. Where is Ranu Kumbolo located?

2. What can we do there

3. Why should there be some rules that

must be obeyed by the hikers?

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Menentukan

cara pengajaran

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Menentukan

cara pengajaran

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Menentukan

cara pengajaran

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

Work in groups of 4



Do LK 1 number 5

(5. Menentukan cara pengajaran

descriptive text dengan tepat.)

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

Write / create your own descriptive

text describing a place or someone

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Activity 1



They are Prince William and Kate

Middleton



They are famous, fabulous, happy, ….



Bald



The physical appearance of Prince William

and Kate



Though Prince William is bald, he will

inherit the throne.

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elegant

Wavy

Slim

balding

Handsome

ugly

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graceful and attractive in

appearance or behaviour

elegant

A white woman or girl with dark hair

_brunette

Having muscular body

_muscled

Fat in a pleasant and attractive way

_chubby

The special chair used by a ruler,

especially a king or queen

throne

A person with the automatic right to

legally receive all or most of the

money, property, title, etc from

another person when they die

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 Activity 2

It is Ranu Kumbolo Lake

It is beautiful, cold, shady, …

1. Ranu Kumbolo is a lake located in the Tengger Mountains, the foothills of Mount Semeru, Senduro District, Lumajang, East Java Province.

2. We can unwind your stress while looking at the beautiful view of the sunrise and sunset from the lake

3. To maintain the authenticity to be not spoiled. 4. See the steps given above

 Activity 3 (see the next slide)

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 _{Descriptive text menggambarkan orang/benda/tempat tertentu apa adanya}  _{dengan menyampaikan kepada pembaca bagaimana kelihatannya,}

 suaranya, baunya, ataupun rasanya.  _Struktur_{descriptive text terdiri atas:}  _{1. Identifikasi/pengenalan, dan}

 _{2. Deskripsi/penggambaran}  Ciri descriptive text yaitu:  _{1. Fokus pada deskripsi}

 _{2. Menggunakan}_{simple present tense, walau kadang menggunakan simple}  past tense jika yang dideskripsikan sudah tidak ada, atau terjadi di waktu  lampau, judul teks menggunakan noun phrase tertentu (Kuta Beach, bukan  _{The Beach)}

 _{3. Menggunakan}_{noun phrase}

 _{4. Menggunakan lin}_{king verbs, seperti to be (is, am, are), to have (have, has,}  had) kata kerja yang diproduksi oleh panca indra (look, seem, appear,

 _{sound, taste, smell, dan feel)}

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BACK TO MATERI

PEMANTAPAN

Segara Anak is a crater lake contained within Mount Rinjani on the island of Lombok in Indonesia. The name Segara Anak means child of the sea given to the blue colour of the lake reminiscent of the sea. The lake is heated, so its temperature is 20-22 °C, about 5-7 °C above the expected temperature for a lake in that altitude. At the west end of the lake is the volcanic cone Gunung Baru, giving to the lake a crescent shape. Gas bubbles escape from the lake floor. The lake pH is 7-8. make it one of the largest eruptions of the last several thousand years. The eruption may have been the cause of anomalous weather in immediately following years, and may have even been a triggering factor for the Little Ice Age.