1 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Situation type is a branche of semantic fields that studies the sentence meaning focusess on the verb. It is used to know the meaning of the sentence more spesific. There are four kinds of situation type as Vendler (1967: 97-121) and Dowty (1979) state, they are : States to identify stative verb or unchanging during its duration, for example Lisa hates it. This sentence means that Lisa doesn’t like something at the time. Activities are processes or durative and telic
verbs, for example Watch this movie. This sentence means that to do the action watching to see the movie. Accomplishments to identify durative and telic verbs and last, for example have “finish” : John finished writing the letter. The sentence
means the John write the letter, where the letter is the endpoint of the action, Achievements to identify the punctual and telic verbs, for example We found a solution. It means that they find the solution of the problem and have no conceivable time. Further, C.S. Smith (1991:1) adds the one situation type, it is semelfactive which is an instantaneous atelic events like : cough, knock. Smith theory is easier to uderstand and analyzed it. Therefore, situation type is one of the branch in semantic that is very useful for the people who learn the linguistics.
2 distinguish lexical semantic and structural semantic. It means that semantics is concerned with the meaning of words, phrases, sentences to get meaningful sentences. Situation type is aspect that describes the situation that relates to time which arises from its meaning. Situation types as subject matter of sentences by focused on their verbs and arguments. It concerns the internal temporal constituency of a (type of) situation denoted by a given predicate.
Further, Hurford and Heasley (1983:1) state that sentence meaning or word meaning can be defined as what a sentence or word means. Morever, that knowing the part played a particular entity in an event is one the most interesting thing to understand a sentence so that (he??) will know the meaning of the sentences or words. In understandig the meaning of words, we should understand some aspects of meaning that belong to the level of the sentence.
One thing that is important to identify is the smeaning of verb. Verb can be analyzed by situation type that is to identify the information of temporal structure of a situation which arises from its meaning which we first identify what kind of situation type that is used by the verbal predicate and we can conclude the meaning exactly. It is important to identify the situation type to understand the meaning of sentence lexically that occured in communication.
3 1.2 Problems of the Study
During the analysis process of this thesis, it is important to make the specification of problems that are going to be analyzed. The problems of the study of this thesis are :
1. What situation types are found in the Novel Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban?
2. What situation type is dominantly found in Novel Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
In relation to the problem, the objectives of this study are :
1. To describe situation types found in Novel Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban
2. To describe the most dominant type found in Novel Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban
1.4 Scope of the Study
4 1.5 Significance of the Study
1. The study is expected to give the readers the understanding what is the state situation
