J. Trop. Biodi . Biote h., Vol. , 35—38
Jou al of T opi al Biodi e sit a d Biote h olog
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Flower
-
i sect Visitor I teracio : Case Study
o Rhodode dro i u datu Sleu er i Bali Bota ic Garde
Fa id Kus a to o*
Bali Bota i Garde —I do esia I situte of S ie e, Ca diku i g-Baturii, Ta a a , Bali *Correspo di g author, e ail: faridkus a toro@g ail. o , fari @lipi.go.id
A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T
The Rhodode dro -i se t elaio ship as uite ell studied i the o the he isphe e.
Ho e e , i fo aio o the lo e-i se t elaio ship of the I do esia Rhodode dro as
li ited. This stud ai s to i d the i te a io et ee Rhodode dro i u datu Sleu e olle ted i Bali Bota i Ga de a d its lo e- isii g i se t. The stud as o du ted
o se i g i se t isitaio to the lo e of R. i u datu fo hou a da a d epeated fo i e da s. Data a al sis as o du ted al ulai g the Visitaio Rate VR of ea h isito ta a to dete i e its f e ue . Stud esult sho ed that R. i u datu i Bali Bota i Ga de as isited ai l Chr sopa sp., as ell as e e s of the Vespidae, Cu ulio idae, Mus idae, D osophilidae, a d Teph iidae. The esult of this stud as dissi ila ith the p e ious stud of
hite-lo e ed Rhodode dro , hi h as ai l isited oths.
Ari le histor : Re ei ed / /
Re ei ed i e ised fo / / A epted / /
Ke ords: E-situ o se aio
I do esia I se t isitaio Papua
. I troducio
Rhodode dro is a Ge us that o tai s o e tha
spe ies of E i a eae Fa il Ji g et al., . The ge us
is e o o i all i po ta t as o a e tal pla ts due to its eauiful a d di e se lo e s olo a d shape Paul et al.,
; Gi s et al., . Flo e s shape a d olo as lo g
ei g thought as the esult of o-e oluio et ee lo e
a d its isito s. E e ate ei g ii ized e e tl , this o ept as sill ade uate to u de sta d lo al di e sii aio
Fe ste et al., .
So e e e t studies i di ated that Rhodode dro
lo e s p ope ies e e i o espo de e ith thei polli ato o ga is s. The stud of R. se i ar atu a d R. po i u e ealed that oth spe ies e ui es u le ee
Bo us to help it polli ate. Mo phologi al p ope ies of R.
se i ar atu lo e s e a les the ee’s od to ha e o ta t ith the a the a d polle , thus i di e tl fa ilitai g
polli aio of this spe ies O o et al., ; Stout, .
A othe stud i R. rei ulatu a d R. a rosepalu fou d
out that lo e s of oth spe ies e e isited
H e opte a, Lepidopte a a d Dipte a Sugiu a, .
Mea hile, the stud of R. lo igeru , a o ithophilous
lo e , sho ed that it as polli ated a i al ta a,
i ludi g t o a als a d i e i ds Geo gia et al.,
.
I fo aio ega di g lo e -i se t elaio ships fo
I do esia Rhodode dro , ho e e , as li ited. Ste e s
a d Ste e s suggested that ased o its lo e
o phologi al featu es, Papua esia Rhodode dro as
polli ated i ds, oths a d ute lies. Joli et
suppo ted this lai stai g that at Mt. Wilhe , ed
-lo e ed Rhodode dro e e polli ated i ds, hile hite
s e ted Rhodode dro as polli ated ha k oths. Mo e
e e t stud ega di g lo e -i se t elaio ships fo
I do esia Rhodode dro , o ou est k o ledge, as
a se t, espe iall fo e -situ Rhodode dro spe ies. This
stud ai s to u de sta d the i te a io et ee e -situ R.
i u datu lo e s ith its i se t isito i Bali Bota i Ga de . The esult of this stud as e pe ted to gi e
i fo aio ega di g the i te a io of R. i u datu g o
i e -situ o se aio site, ith its isii g i se ts.
J. Trop. Biodi . Biote h., Vol. , 35—38
. Material a d Methods . . Ti e a d Stud Site
The stud as o du ted i Septe e at the
u se u it of Bali Bota i Ga de . The u se as lo ated
a out ete s a o e sea le el. R. i u datu g o i
the u se as p efe ed tha the o e g o i the ield e ause it as less e posed to a th opologi al distu a e, ai l f o the Bota i Ga de isito s that a ha e afe ted isito i se t.
. . Pla t Mate ial
The stud as o du ted usi g t o spe i e s of R.
i u datu ith a essio u e E , olle ted f o
the Napua Dist i t, Ja a ija a Rege , Papua P o i e of
I do esia i . R. i u datu as a e de i
Rhodode dro of Ne Gui ea isla d. It elo ged to the Su
Ge us Vire a a d Sipho o ire a se io A ge t, . R.
i u datu is a te est ial sh u that a g o up to i height. The lea es e e da k g ee a d oadl ellipi , hile
the lo e s e e hite, t u pet-shaped a d had a pleasa t
s e t.
. . Data Colle io
Data olle io as o du ted o se i g i se t
isito of lo e s f o th ee i lo es e es of R.
i u datu . The o se aio as o du ted fo a hou e e
da et ee . - . WITA. This espe i e i e as
sele ted e ause du i g the o se aio i se ts e e fou d isii g R. i u datu o l at this a ge of i es. No i se t
as e ou te ed efo e a d as de eased oth i u e
a d di e sit efo e i all disappea ed at the e d of the espe i e i e a ge. The o se aio pe iod as e ded ate i e da s he the e as o o e i se t isit the i lo es e e. I se t isito dei iio follo i g Spa k a et
al. as all i se t that o du i g di e t o ta t ith
a pa t of R. i u datu lo e s. I se ts e e the
do u e ted a d ide iied u il its Fa il o Ge us, u e of lo e s isited, a d the i se t isito u e as ou ted, i se t a i it du i g its isit i lo e as oted to dete i e the i se t polli ai g pote ial.
. . Data A al sis
Data a al sis as o du ted al ulated Visitaio Rate VR to dete i e ost f e ue t i se t isito . VR fo ula fo ea h i se t ta a follo i g Spa k a et al.
as as follo :
The al ulaio as epeated i ea h o se aio da s, a a e age of VR u e fo espe i e i se t ta a as the
al ulated at the e d of the o se aio .
. Result a d Discussio
. . R. i u datu lo e
R. i u datu as epo ted to e lo e i g egula l
t i e a ea A ge t, . We sta ted ou o se aio he
the o ollas e e i full a thesis pe iod. At the egi i g of the o se aio the o ollas e e full ope , f esh, hite i olo s a d p odu ed a pleasa t odo . The sig a as slightl et ith lightl si k su st ates. At the e d of the o se aio , the o ollas d ied up, the olo tu ed o , sta i g f o the edge of the o olla. The odo as disappea ed, a d the sig a as also d ied up. At the i e he o olla sta ted to d , the isito de eased u il i all o e as fou d o the te th da .
. . R. i u datu lo e s isito
Rhodode dro a d polli ato i te a io as afe ted so e fa to s su h as lo e s o phologi al featu e
Ste e s, ; C ut ell, . Based o its o phologi al
featu e R. i u datu as g ouped as hite, lo g, tu ula a d
f ag a t lo e s C a e , . Polli aio of this t pe of
lo e s as usuall helped oths, ai l f o Sphi gidae
fa il Ste e s, ; C ut ell, . This state e t as
suppo ted Spi a hi h stated that f ag a tl hite
lo e ed R. is osu as at its ost pleasa t s elt du i g
the ight to at a t its oth polli ato .
Du i g the stud , lo e s of R. i u datu as isited
si ta a of i se ts, a el Chr sopa sp. Ch sopidae,
Neu opte a , Vespidae H e opte a , Cu ulio idae
Coleopte a , Mus idae, D osophilidae, a d Teph iidae
Dipte a . F o all those i se t ta a, Chr sopa sp. holds the
highest VR u e of , follo ed Mus idae a d
D osophilidae ith VR u e , a d , espe i el
Fig. . Highe VR u e ea s o e isitaio f e ue
to the lo e espe i e i se t ta a. The o e f e ue t isit ould ea that espe i e i se t ta a had o e ha e
to polli ate the lo e s. Adult Chr sopa spp. as ot o l a
p edato i se t ut also feed o polle Bozsik, . This
ight e the easo h i this stud , adult Chr sopa sp. as
fou d isii g R. i u datu lo e s uite i te si el .
Spi a e io ed ees a d ute lies e e the
diu al polli ato s of hite, s e ted Rhodode dro lo e s.
Ho e e , o e of those ta a as isii g R. i u datu du i g
the stud . The dife e e ight happe e ause the e as
J. Trop. Biodi . Biote h., Vol. , 35—38
su h as the Bota i Ga de , a d the atu al ha itat he e R. i u datu as o igi ated. Ha itat dife e e aused the lo e i g pla t to i te a t ith dife e t i se t ta a.
Ri ha dso et al. stated that to e a le to esta lish
itself, i t odu ed pla t spe ies ust e a le to fo utualis elaio ship ith i dige ous polli ato o ga is s i its e ha itat. Failu e to do so ould ha pe pla t ep odu io p o ess a d i tu afe ted the pla t su i al
a d dispe sal i its e e i o e t Stout, . This stud
i di ates that R. i u datu ight al ead ha e i te a ted
ith the i dige ous i se t of Bali Bota i Ga de .
Figure . Visitaio Rate VR u e of i se t ta a isii g R.
i u datu lo e s du i g the o se aio
. . R. i u datu I se t Visito Polli ato Pote ial i Bali Bota i Ga de
A o di g to Stout , a o ga is ould e
atego ized as t ue polli ato if the espe i e o ga is s e e a le to oth pi ked polle f o a the s a d deposited it to the o e t sig a. So e fa to s afe ted isito to e o e a t ue polli ato o ga is , i ludi g isito od size a d its eha io he the o ga is s gathe ed polle o
e ta Stout, ; Stout, . Polli aio ould also e
fa ilitated a p edato i se t. Co opet i se t De apte a as suggested ot o l se e as p edato ut also polli ato i se t due to its a i it a ou d o o ut lo e s that ade Co opet a le to a polle to sig a Rah a a d Sali , . A othe e a ple of polli ato pote ial of p edato
i se t as fou d i Vespa elui a igrithora . Ue o
suggested that V. elui a igrithora , ight e helpi g
polli aio p o ess of so e lo e i g pla t spe ies e ause
the uee s a d o ke s of this asp e e ote fou d
isii g lo e s of the sa e pla t spe ies i a si gle t ip ith polle i its od .
O se i g i se t a i it a d eha io du i g its isit is o e a to dete i e its pote ial i helpi g polli aio
p o ess. This stud fou d that o l Chr sopa sp. Fig. . a d
asp elo g to Vespidae, e e alki g i a d out of the
o ollas, a d thus ade di e t o ta t ith oth the a the a d sig a. Mea hile the othe i se t isito s e e fou d
o l alki g o the outside pa t of the o ollas a d does ’t
ake a o ta t ith the a the a d sig a. This eha io ight e a le oth Chr sopa sp. a d Vespidae to i di e tl
t a spo t R. i u datu polle to its sig a. Ho e e ,
polli ato pote ial of oth ta a i R. i u datu as sill
eeded to e fu the assessed e ause Chr sopa spp. as
epo ted to feed o polle hile V. elui a igrithora of
Vespidae as ’t Bozsik, ; Ue o, .
Figure . Chr sopa Sp. Walked i a d out of R. i u datu Flo e s.
. Co clusio
This stud suggested that R. i u datu li ed i Bali Bota i Ga de as al ead i te a ted ith i dige ous lo e isito s, p o ed the dife e t i se t isito spe ies fou d et ee this a d p e ious studies. Fu the stud as eeded to dete i e ho the dife e e ould ha e afe ted polli aio e olog of R. i u datu i Bali Bota i Ga de .
That i fo aio ould help o se aio ate pt of R.
i u datu o du ted i Bota i Ga de .
Ack owledg e t
The ite ould like to e p ess its g aitude to I hsa Lu a a I d a Put a, Agu g Ku ia a a d T i Wa se o fo all the help o i se t ide ii aio , dis ussio , a d lite atu e.
G aitude as also add essed to the a o ous e ie e a d
e e o e ho helped a d gi es i alua le i puts du i g the stud to pe fe t this a us ipt.
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