AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS IN JORDAN RUDESS DREAM
THEATRE INTERVIEW AND LIVE RIG TOUR ON YOUTUBE
A THESIS
Submitted as partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Letters and Humanities
State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya
By:
Achmad Ki Sabdo Waliulloh
NIM: A03212024
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES
AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS IN JORDAN RUDESS DREAM
THEATRE INTERVIEW AND LIVE RIG TOUR ON YOUTUBE
A THESIS
Submitted as partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Letters and Humanities
State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya
By:
Achmad Ki Sabdo Waliulloh
NIM: A03212024
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA
ABSTRACT
Ki Sabdo, Achmad. 2016. AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS IN JORDAN RUDESS DREAM THEATRE INTERVIEW AND LIVE RIG TOUR ON YOUTUBE. English Department of Faculty of Letters and Humanities UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Thesis Advisor: Diah Royani Meisani, M. Pd.
Key Word : Deixis, Interview, Jordan Rudess Utterance’s.
Knowledge of the science of language is necessary, one of which is the knowledge of deixis. In this case, deixis is one important part of linguistics that studies of an expression to refer to understanding the context of the speech. Understanding an utterance is not easy, it requires knowledge to understand it. This thesis focuses on the use of types deixis in the video interview entitled "Jordan Rudess of Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour" which was on Youtube.
The researcher uses a qualitative approach to explore and understand more deeply with the existing data. This qualitative approach will be very useful in the study to answer the series of research problem clearly and very detailed because qualitative approach is concerned with structures and patterns and how something is (Litosseliti 2011:52).
The findings of the analysis are the researcher found three types of deixis that can applied in the video interview of Jordan Rudess entitled “Jordan Rudess Dream
Theatre Interview and Live Rig Tour”, such as: person or personal deixis, time or temporal deixis, and place or spatial deixis. By knowing the pronoun, we can analyze all the statements of others by using deixis. For personal dexis like We, Our, us, I, me, my, you and etc, its focuses on a person and encoding or term of the role of participants in the speech event that utterance. Then temporal deixis like Now, Today, Last Years and etc. Its focuses on the time and concern on the encoding of temporal points and spans relative to the time at which an utterance is spoken its. The last is spatial deixis, such as: There, here. Its focuses on the encoding of spatial locations relative to the location of the participants in the speech event.
ABSTRAK
Ki Sabdo, Achmad. 2016. AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS IN JORDAN RUDESS DREAM THEATRE INTERVIEW AND LIVE RIG TOUR ON YOUTUBE. Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya.
Pembimbing: Diah Royani Meisani, M. Pd.
Key Word : Deixis, Interview, Jordan Rudess Utterance’s.
Pengetahuan ilmu bahasa sangat diperlukan, salah satunya adalah pengetahuan tentang deixis. Dalam hal ini, deiksis adalah salah satu bagian penting dari ilmu bahasa yang mempelajari tentang sebuah ungkapan untuk merujuk pemahaman konteks ujaran. Memahami suatu ujaran tidaklah mudah, hal ini membutuhkan pengetahuan untuk memahaminya. Skripsi ini berfokus pada penggunaan jenis deixis dalam video interview berjudul "Jordan Rudess Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour" yang berada di Youtube.
Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengeksplorasi dan memahami lebih dalam dengan data yang ada. Pendekatan kualitatif ini akan sangat berguna dalam penelitian ini untuk menjawab serangkaian masalah penelitian secara jelas dan sangat rinci karena pendekatan kualitatif berkaitan dengan struktur dan pola dan bagaimana sesuatu (Litosseliti 2011: 52).
Temuan analisa pada penelitian ini adalah peneliti menemukan tiga jenis deixis yang dapat diterapkan dalam wawancara video Jordan Rudess berjudul “Jordan Rudess
Dream Theatre Interview and Live Rig Tour”, seperti: deixis pribadi, deixis temporal, dan deixis ruang. Dengan mengetahui kata ganti, kita dapat menganalisa semua keterangan dari orang lain dengan menggunakan deixis. Untuk dexis pribadi seperti We, Our, us, I, me, my, you and etc, fokus pada orang dan encoding atau peran peserta dalam acara pidato ucapan itu. Kemudian deixis sementara seperti Now, Today, Last Years and etc. Hal ini berfokus pada waktu di mana ucapannya diucapkan. Yang terakhir adalah deixis spasial, seperti: There, Here. Hal ini fokus pada encoding dari lokasi spasial relatif terhadap lokasi peserta dalam berbicara.
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Pramatics ... 8
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 3.1 Research Design ... 17
3.2 Data Source ... 18
3.3 Data ... 18
3.4 Research Instrument ... 18
3.6 Technique of Data Analysis ... 20
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Research Findings ... 22
4.1.1 Data Description ... 25
4.1.1.1 Person Deixis ... 25
4.1.1.2 Time Deixis ... 32
4.1.1.3 Place Deixis ... 35
4.1.2 Data Analysis ... 36
4.1.2.1 Person Deixis ... 36
4.1.2.2 Time Deixis ... 40
4.1.2.3 Place Deixis ... 43
4.2 Discussion ... 44
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion ... 45
5.2 Suggestion ... 46
REFERENCES ... 47
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, the researcher presents background of the study that explains the reason why he arranges and conducts this study. It presents background of the study, reason for choosing the topic, statement of the problems, objective of research, significance of research and the limitation of research, and definition of key terms discussed.
1.1Background of The Study
In everyday life, we can find many ways to communicate from one person to another according to their ways. Their main objective communicating with another individual that is to get whatever information they want, then that objective could be developed as a means of social skills with other people, exchange information, establish relationships with others, etc. With language they can communicate well, in other words, language is important in communication.
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Pragmatics according to Meyer (2009:1), is the study of how language context, such as social and linguistic influence the use of languages. In other hand, pragmatic is the study of meaning, in order to get the meaning of the polite thing to say, we need a language that is good and appropriate, this study teaches how we can utter the phrase right by see their social context. The chief focus of pragmatics
is a person’s ability to derive meanings from specific kinds of speech situations to
recognize what the speaker is referring to, to relate new information to what has gone before, to interpret what is said from background knowledge about the speaker and the topic of discourse, and to infer or ‘fill in’ information that the speaker takes for granted and doesn’t bother to say (Kreidler 2002:19).
In this case sometimes the language has a variety of meanings that can cause ambiguous, whether in terms of writing or in speaking. The subject leads to anyone, then the object be what it is, because it is the language is flexible it cannot be patented, for easier to understand. Languages every year there must be reform, especially in terms of vocabulary, then social language, or other. The slightest idea why the language of the patent cannot be said, because the language follows the flow of communication, or in other hand we can said flexible.
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video on the internet such as YouTube, obscurity is not caused because they are stupid or lacking insight in speech, but less well-organized grammar or sentence elements, and perhaps because they were careless in speaking, so there was a sense that is not straightforward or unclear in writing or speaking.
Deixis according to Levinson (1983:54) he said the relationship between language and context most clearly reflected in the structure of their own language through the phenomenon of deixis. He said, the term is borrowed from the Greek word to indicate clearly or to show certainty, the first person and second-person pronoun, the specific time and place adverbs like here and there, and a variety of other grammatical features Tied Directly to the circumstances of utterance.
Nowadays people often take advantage of online video to find each other information, such as ordinances to cook, how to make handicrafts, latest news, news about the artist they like, information about music, his knowledge of the music, the music player is legendary, we can see all of them through online video. With online video, information easily spread widely all over the world, they do not need to go far away to see what happened, just sit quietly at home and see it through streaming. One of the famous online videos in the world today is YouTube. Currently, many musicians are adept at playing music, it's no wonder they want knowledge and information quickly, through this site they can easily see and watch music events, knowledge of music, everything about music.
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has a tremendous imagination, the selection effect is not unthinkable earlier and many more. No wonder that many musicians who idolized this legend and of course lots of music players that make Jordan Rudess is their role model. Many of the videos that have been uploaded on YouTube, including providing knowledge about playing the keyboard, his tour event, and included interviews about his tour.
Numerous authors have discussed about the same theory, deixis has been investigated numerous times by numerous investigator. The research on deixis that were studied by the dynasty (2011) his examines the differences in speech Megawati and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono focused on Personal deixis, and the result was no significant difference. Ithna (2014) has the same focus as the dynasty in the mirror Personal deixis movie, the panda corner of the first and second. Widiyati (2014) using deixis theory and mixed with a preposition theory to explore about barack obama speech at the University of Indonesia and the result is barack obama emphasize the element of prepositions. Juliasti (2015) has a similar focus on the personal deixis speech former President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at Harvard University and the result is the former president use all of aspects of personal deixis.
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different research because it is very different unlike previous studies. Jordan Rudess is the most influential person in terms of music all over the world.
Which will be studied by researchers is the interview all about the tour his such a technique is used, the tool supporting tour, how the keyboard will he bring, etc. From here would be frightening differ from previous research because it related to a hobby that became a success and became a major influence around the world. It will be very obvious when peeled thoroughly using deixis theory.
1.2Problems of The Study
Based on the background of the study above, this study is undertaken to answer the following questions, they are:
1. What are the types of deixis found in Jordan Rudess utterances on YouTube
entitled “Jordan Rudess Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour”?
2. What is the referent of those deixis that used in Jordan Rudess utterances on YouTube entitled “Jordan Rudess Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig
Tour”?
1.3The Objective of the Study
Related to the problem found, the objectives of this study are:
1. To find out the types of deixis found in Jordan Rudess utterances on YouTube
entitled “Jordan Rudess Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour”.
2. To analyze the referent meaning of those deixis used in Jordan Rudess utterances on YouTube entitled “Jordan Rudess Dream Theater Interview and
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1.4The Significance of the Study
The researcher hopes that this research have benefits for the readers theoretically and practically. Theoritically, the outcomes of this research are expected to give contributions and additional source to the study of language especially in Deixis. In the other hand, the writer expects that it will give the new understanding about the kinds of the deixis that are used in Jordan Rudess utterance on YouTube. Practically, the outcomes of this research are to identify the categories of deixis or deictic expressions in those headlines also this research will help the reader to understand clearly about deixis that used in interview of Jordan Rudess based on its context. Since, the spoken language sometimes is quite different from the written language.
1.5The Scope and Limitation of the Study
Regarding to problem of the study, “Jordan Rudess of Dream Theater
Interview and Live Rig Tour” is the title of the video on YouTube that chosen by
the researcher to limits this study. The researcher also limits the scope of the study that focus on the utterances that indicates type of deixis in Jordan Rudess specch on YouTube in order to make easily understand so the reader can read this research more detail and focus.
1.6Definition of Key Terms
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Thus, researchers and readers have the same interpretation when interpreting the terms contained in this study.
1. Deixis, Leech (1981: 70) stated that it is the study of meaning in which the speaker and the listener as the main character to interpret the intent of the communication.
2. Jordan Rudess Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour is the title of the
video that contains more information about Jordan Rudess when he performs and tour. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMVD18YG5Ug)
3. YouTube based on Miller (2010: 3) said that is an online website a video sharing community. That means that YouTube users can both upload and view all sorts of video clips online, using any web browser. The user can use this website to exchange the information, learning tools, entertainment, a media for promotion or a place to earn money. YouTube is a repository for “historical” items and also it is a great place to promote hot new music and band because
there’s even a lot of television shows for promoting (Miller, 2010: 4). There are
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CHAPTER II
LITERATURE RIVIEW
This chapter reviews about some theories related to this research. Related to the pragmatic discussions about the terms of the definition, the definition of deixis, three types of deixis (person deixis, time deixis, place deixis), definition of context and the last about related study to support this analysis.
2.1Pragmatics
There are so many linguists who exposes the definition of pragmatics. Pragmatics itself is a branch of linguistics that discusses the meaning in context. According to Leech (1981: 70) said that It is the study of meaning in which the speaker and the listener as the main character to interpret the intent of the communication.
Yule (1996: 3) split some pragmatic definition into 4 parts. The first, she says that pragmatics is the study of meaning as a means of communication by the speaker or writer and interpreted by the reader or listener. In other words, the study of speaker meaning means pragmatics. Second, pragmatics is the study of contextual meaning. It means that pragmatics have to be really pay attention of every utterance people. Different people also different meaning, so we must interpret the utterance by taking into account several factors such as the location when we speak, then the situation around, whether the person is emotional, happy, in love or anything else. The phenomenon is very affects the meaning of every utterance. Thirds, pragmatics is a study to catch more than communication
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especially to get the information of each person who we talks. Pragmatics in this position as a study to explore how to achieve a great deal between the speaker and listener in communication. pragmatics also explores how listeners can necessarily the make inferences about what the speaker says. The last one is study of the expression of relative distance. It means that the distance affects the communication between the speaker and the listener. The word that comes out can be a little or a lot, its depend on their position when each other is close or away from each other.
Then the statement is reinforcing by Griffiths (2006: 1) said that pragmatics is concern with the use of the tool in meaningful communication. It is about the interaction of semantic knowledge with our knowledge of the world. In this case, pragmatics as a way to use toolkit for meaning or semantics in order to get a good communication between the speaker and listener.
2.2Deixis
Deixis is one of the descendants of linguistics that we have to mastered when communicating so all of the information that we convey can receives correctly by the listener. According to Levinson (1983:54), he said that the term of Deixis is
borrowed from the Greek word “deiktikos” means indicating and pointing.
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For example:
1. I am going to the office. 2. Tom is playing the violin now. 3. Tom saw a strange woman there.
In the first sentence have the word "I". Its includes into the type of deixis namely the person deixis that refers to the speaker who travel to the office. In the next sentence, there is a word “now” also includes in a type of deixis namely the time deixis which is refers to the time of Tom when playing the violin. In the last sentence, clearly seen there is the word "there" that also part of the type dexis called the place deixis which refers to a location when Tom saw a strong woman.
From explanation the above, deixis can be calls with a study to examine more deeply associates with the word that refers to a person, time, social and place. Thus, in order to know and understand more about the word it is require the deixis. Understanding here means refers to the situation like how the conditions and social situation, who utter the word, personal circumstances etc.
2.2.1 Type of Deixis
According to Levinson (1983: 69) said that deixis is divided into five types, they are person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis.
2.2.1.1 Person Deixis
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delivered. Person deixis divide into three types, they are: first person, second person, and third person.
1. First person deixis is the grammaticalization of the speaker's reference to himself. It can be express in a singular pronoun such as I, Mind, Me, Myself. Also plural pronoun such as We, Ourselves, Ours.
For example:
I am eating the fried rice when Andy pay the bills. We spent our time by culinary together around the city.
2. Seconds person deixis is the encoding of the speaker's reference to one or more listener. It can be expressed by you
For example:
Boss : Do you eat this morning Andy?
Andy : Yes boss, I do.
3. Third person deixis is the encoding of reference to persons and entities which are neither speakers nor listener of the utterance in question. It can be express in a singular pronoun such as he, him, his, himself, she, her, herself, and it. Also plural pronoun such as They, them, their, theirselves etc.
For example:
Tyas is a good kid, she always helped cook at home. But her younger brother
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2.2.1.2 Place Deixis
Place deixis focuses on the encoding of spatial locations relative to the location of the participants in the speech event. Probably most languages grammaticalize at least a distinction between proximal (or close to speaker) and distal (or non-proximal, sometimes close to addressee), but many make more elaborate distinctions so we will see. Such distinctions are commonly encoded in demonstratives such as this and that, also in deixis adverbs of place like here and There.
For example:
Tyas is a musician in Surabaya since she was four years old, and she is famous
as an artist there.
2.2.1.3 Time Deixis
Time deixis focus on the time whether a day, week, hours, years etc. Its concern on the encoding of temporal points and spans relative to the time at which an utterance is spoken (Levinson, 1983: 62).
For example:
I live here now.
2.2.1.4 Discourse Deixis
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For example:
This is a good song ever!
2.2.1.5 Social Deixis
Social deixis concern the encoding of social distinction holding between the speaker and listener (Levinson, 1983: 63). When discussing social problems did not escape the social class that will be influential in every interaction with others. So, social deixis investigates the reality in social situation and also human being which utterances occurred.
For example:
Today, I visit the house of Mr. Suharto. He is a former President of the Republic
of Indonesia.
2.3Context
Talking about deixis, all of the existing theories say that this science or study certainly associate with the context. Every aspect of the deixis rests on the existing context to get the proper and correct interpretation. If there is no context, then what we interpret it is not valid because what we get is not synchronize with the existing context. Therefore, the context strongly links and relates to this study.
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spoken. Therefore, Mey (1993: 3) said that context is more than just a reference. Context is action.
It means that context is divide into two kinds; the context of situation and the context of social or culture. The context of situation it means that how the condition of the speaker and listener when they talk either sick, healthy, happy, sad. In this case the condition is very influential on existing context. And then the context of social, it means that depend on a person's social conditions, what circumstance, environmental conditions, location, also with whom we speak either lower or upper class. From the above explanation, the researcher concludes that the context is all of the situations that correlate with each utterance no matter it is written or spoken.
2.4Previous Studies
Previously had a lot of researcher have completed research on deixis studies. They researched in many ways to make this theory is getting stronger, then to other researcher in order to continue existing research or even create new research that does not exist.
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Second is Magdalena (2009), she used three kinds of poems and also found seven kinds of deixis theory included time deixis, person deixis, place deixis, discourse deixis, social deixis. She also three kinds of poems from William Wordsworth, they are Three Years She Grew in Suin and Shower, Nutting, and We are Seven. From her poem’s research, there was five kinds and two deictic usages of deixis used in the three poems and besides that the writer discovered that there
is a shift of speaker’s role which affects the change of referent which is found in
poem We Are Seven
The third is Syailendra (2011), he used personal deixis to compare the speech of President Megawati and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. In the end, there was no significant difference between person deixis used by Megawati and SBY. But in this case, the speech is one of the appropriate means in seeing how one president used to represent the ideology of personal deixis. Then, the fourth is Itsna (2014), she used the person deixis in analyzed the movie entitled “mirror mirror”. She understated and classified the data which was needed from the dialog in Mirror Mirror movie script by Lisa Wallack and Jason Keller
The next is Widiyati (2014), used deixis theory and mixed with a preposition theory to explore about Barack obama speech at the University of Indonesia and the result is barack obama emphasize the element of prepositions.
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Dealing with this, the researcher discovers new things that have not been discussed in the previous studies and also to make a different thesis from the other researchers. Most previous researcher studied about the influential figures in society also in the world such as the government officials, the president, the former president and so on. Then, most of them discuss about poetry, song lyrics, novels, movies and speeches. Now, the present researcher discusses from different figures although not an important person in the country like a president and ranks but this person is affect in the world although through by his music instrument. In this Opportunity, the researcher uses different media namely YouTube under the title
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD
In this following chapter, the researcher explains general process of collecting and analyzing the data that the researcher used. This chapter explains more about the way of research such as research approach, data source, data, research instrument, technique of data collection and technique of data analysis. The main purpose of this chapter is to explain the methodology and steps how to collect and analyze the data.
3.1Research Approach
Denzin and Lincoln (2003:3) as quoted by Ritchie and Lewis (2003:2) stated that Qualitative Research is an activity who researchers or observers involves as an important figure in the problems. It is composing of interpretation that makes a problems become clearly visible. Therefore, this qualitative study involves the interpretation, also natural thinking toward the things or issues.
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The researcher uses a qualitative approach to explore and understand more deeply the existing data. This qualitative approach will be very useful in the study to answer the series of research problem clearly and very detailed because qualitative approach is concerned with structures and patterns and how something is.
3.2Data Source
The data source of this research are the video interview of Jordan Rudess on the online video site that is called YouTube. This is a link for video interview of Jordan Rudess https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMVD18YG5Ug.
3.3Data
The data of this research are taken from each utterance of Jordan Rudess that indicates the element of type deixis; person deixis, time deixis, and place deixis from the video.
3.4Research Instrument
The main instrument in this study is the researcher himself because he actively processes and analyzes this research such as plan the research, analyze the data, identify the data, classify the data, explore deeper from the data, and make a conclusion for this research.
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3.5 Technique of Data Collection
In collection of the data, the researcher conducts several steps in order to get accurate and proper data. So, all the data that has been collected is really valid. The first is download the video from YouTube and also the script of the video to get easier in analyzing the data. Then, watch the video more than one time in order the researcher can understands the contents of video carefully.
Next steps are identifying and selecting of utterance by Jordan Rudess in the script that has been downloaded into the type of deixis; person deixis, time deixis, and place deixis. To make it easier to classify each type of deixis then the next step is the coloring of each type of deixis in the script by using a highlighter. The red highlighter for time deixis, the yellow highlighter to place deixis, the green highlighter for person deixis.
For example:
Table 3.1 Example of coloring the data
TIME TEXT
18:17 you know use that this particular controller in this case was that 18:21 Martin Weale it sounds like oh my god it's the controller
18:25 armonica coming in getting while so what happens
18:29 the in a nutshell here's when I move the mod wheel
18:32 it actually brings in it dials and different harmonics and they're Ll 18:36 running through the distortion in the course in the echo
18:39 is a really has that kinda for you know while
18:42 sound it's actually them that you want the sense that I use in the ontinuum as
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Note:
I : First Person Deixis
You : Second Person Deixis
They : Third Person Deixis
Here : Place Deixis
The flow chart below is the steps for Data collection technique.
Chart 3.1 Data Collection
3.5Technique of Data Analysis
In collecting the data, the researcher tries to do some techniques in analyzing the data with proper and correct ways to get maximum and a satisfactory result to answer the research problem by a few steps. To answer the first research problem, the researcher provides several steps such as to identify each utterance that indicates the type of deixis; the person deixis, time deixis, place deixis by Jordan Rudess in order when analyzing of data, the researcher easier and more simple for categorize
Download the video and
the script
Watch the video
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into the type deixis. The next step is to categorize the results of such data into any existing type of deixis to avoid mixed with other types of deixis and automatically will give researchers to look deeper into the data. So, the researcher can successfully answer the first question of research problem. Then those data are organized into tables well, so that the reader can understand the data.
The last point, to answer the second research problem, the researcher provides several steps. Firstly, the researcher gives interpretation to the data by doing a deeper understanding to the data in order to get easier the process when analyzing the data and to get the best answer for the last question of research problems. The last, the researcher also provide conclusions on the data that has been analyzed to answer all of the research problem, and provide suggestions for the future research. The flow chart below is the steps for technique of data analysis.
Chart 3.2 Technique of data analysis
Identifying Utterance that indicate in deixis
Categorizing into type of deixis
Making a table for the data to make
clearly or organized-well
Giving the interpretation to the
words that indicate in deixis Making a
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CHAPTER IV
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the research findings of deixis in Jordan Rudess video interview entitled “Jordan Rudess of Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour”.
The main purpose of this chapter is to answer problems of the study in chapter I. The researcher analyzes three types of deixis that focus on the theory of Stephen Levinson which consists of person deixis, time deixis, and place deixis. The analysis of data including the table of data and data analysis are discussed in this chapter.
4.1 Research Finding
In this part, the researcher analyzes the utterance of Jordan Rudess based on Levinson’s theory of the deixis. There are five types of deixis but the researcher
limits the type into three types, they are: person deixis, time deixis, place deixis. In analyzing the data, the researcher uses tables to make easily when process and analyze the data in order this research become clearer and easier to understand.
According to the data, there are 277 of data were uttered by Jordan Rudess which are included in the deixis in the video interview entitled “Jordan Rudess Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour”. The data is the result of merging
data between person deixis, time deixis, and place deixis. In this study, Jordan Rudess pronounced 257 words that included in Person deixis. The word "I" is the word most uttered by Jordan Rudess consist of 90 words. Then, time deixis is in
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second place with a total that is fourteen words. The last, place deixis is in the final sequence with a total that is seven words. For easier understanding of the findings, the researchers illustrate through diagrams, as follows:
Charts 4.1 Total of data finding
From the diagram above, it can be known that the total existing data are 277. Jordan Rudess using the first person deixis as much as 93%, followed by time deixis as much as 5%, and place deixis as much as 2%. The researcher give three tables bellow to make the amount of data more clearly. The tables explain about the amount of data obtained, as follows:
Tables 4.1 Person Deixis
No Words or Phrase Data
First person Second Person Third Person
1 I - - 90
2 Me - - 13
3 My - - 34
4 We - - 20
93%
5% 2%
THE DATA FINDING
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5 Our - - 1
6 Us - - 1
7 - You - 56
8 - - He 11
9 - - His 1
10 - - Him 1
11 - - They 12
12 - - Them 1
13 - - Their 3
14 - - It 54
Total 257
Based on the data above, it is known that “I” is the word that is most often spoken by Jordan Rudes when he spoke that amounted to 90 words. Then the next table explains the data of time deixis, as follows:
Tables 4.2 Time Deixis
No Words or Phrase Data
1 Now 5
2 Today 1
3 Previous years 1
4 Two years 1
5 Last years 1
6 Many years 1
7 Every night 1
8 11-Hours 1
9 Sometimes 1
Total 13
Based on the data above, it is known that “Now” is the most often word that
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Tables 4.3 Place Deixis
No Words or Phrase Data
1 There 2
2 Here 5
Total 7
Based on the data above, it is known that “here” is the most often word that
spoken by Jordan Rudess which is amounted five words.
4.1.1 Data Description
The analized data are tabulated from the script of the video entitled “Jordan Rudess of Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour” that created in the form of
a table for ease in understanding the data as written in the table below.
4.1.1.1 Person Deixis
The first table below is the findings from the first person deixis which is followed by the word, phrase or sentence that uttered by Jordan Rudess during the interview, as follows;
Table 4.4 First Person Deixis
Number
of Data Duration
First
Person Utterances Reference
1 0:36 – 0: 48 We
Actually we have a what was that like an 11- hour drive from Washington DC to Atlanta Georgia so it was great fun.
The next table below is the findings from the second person deixis which is followed by the word, phrase or sentence that uttered by Jordan Rudess during the interview, as follows;
Table 4.5 Second Person Deixis
Number
of Data Duration
Second
Person Utterances Reference
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I I connected to my PC
Furthermore, the third table here is the findings from the third person deixis which is followed by the word, phrase or sentence that uttered by Jordan Rudess during the interview, as follows;
Table 4.6 Third Person Deixis
Number
of Data Duration
Third
Person Utterances Reference
Then, the next table below is the findings of time deixis which is followed by the word, phrase or sentence that uttered by Jordan Rudess during the interview, as follows;
Table 4.7 Time Deixis
Number
of Data Duration Time Deixis Utterances Reference
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4.1.1.3 Place Deixis
The last table below is the findings of place deixis which is followed by the word, phrase or sentence that uttered by Jordan Rudess during the interview, as follows;
Table 4.8 Place Deixis
Number
of Data Duration Place deixis Utterances Reference
the first place to describe about
4.1.2 Data Analysis
The researcher conducted the classification and analysis of the word including deixis which has been obtained from the script of the video entitled “Jordan Rudess of Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour”.
4.1.2.1 Person Deixis
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when interviewed. In the video, the researcher gets six data which is included in the person deixis. The data are “We, Us, Our, I, Me, My, He, His, Him”. The script of conversations between Jordan Rudess and the Presenter can be found in appendix. The first data, the researcher found the word “we” in an utterance of Jordan
Rudess that said;
“Actually we have a what was that like an 11-hour drive from Washington DC to Atlanta Georgia so it was great fun”.
In the utterance of Jordan Rudess above is talking about their long journey while the bus starts from Washington DC to Atlanta Georgia. A word “we” in this case have a meaning that refers to the Jordan Rudess himself but he represents their group that is Dream Theater. The word “we” also plays as a subject so surely it refers to people who speak.
The second data, there is the word “us” in an utterance of Jordan Rudess
that said;
“He's a phenomenal drummer is a perfect like all made for us”.
In the statement above there is the word "us" that Jordan used to represent himself and his team. The word “us” was categorized as a plural pronoun of the
first person deixis. Jordan Rudess explains that he is the best drummer and the presence of the drummer make his team more complete. The next data there is the word “Our” in the script of the video, said that;
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There is the word deixis that used by Jordan Rudess from the script above. The word “Our” was categorized as a plural pronoun of the first person deixis and
also it plays as a possessive adjective. So, the word "we" refer to Jordan Rudess as person who speaks, and Dream Theater as his team.
The next data, there is the word “I” and “My” in the utterances of Jordan
Rudess that said;
“I actually changed my game a little bit I was using the Korg Oasys mmm for two years, yeah I'm I moved to the Korg Kronos as my main instrument and it's been really wonderful”
The word “I” it refers to someone and speaker and also this word was
categorized as a singular pronoun of the first deixis. So, definitely it refers to Jordan Rudess. Then, the word “My” refers to the instruments of Jordan Rudess which is
classified as the possessive adjective of the subject pronoun of I. The next data researcher found the word “me” that appear in the utterances of Jordan Rudess, as
follows;
“So, for me that means spending a lot of time with notes looking back and think”
The sentences explain that Jordan Rudess think that will spend a lot of time if he has to look back to see the notes and think the next musical passages. The word “Me”is identified as the object pronoun of the first singular pronoun. It
also indicates that the speaker used it to pronounce speaker self.
Therefore, for the next data there is the word “it” and “you” in the utterances
of Jordan Rudess that said;
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On that sentences, Jordan Rudess try to explains his music instrument to his audience. There is the word “it” that refers to his music instrument, in this case it means his new keyboards. Whereas, “It” is categorized as the third singular
pronoun of subject pronoun. In addition, there is the word “you” that used by Jordan
Rudess to point someone. Here the word “you” is refers to person who identified as
a listener. Its mean that the presenter or host as the listener. According to Levinson, the word “you” can be categorized as a second person deixis and “It” can be
categorized as a third person deixis. Then, the next data as follows;
“But there is an issue with a lot of maybe young players are even older players alike where where they might lean on their training too much and the music can't seem to be a little bit too you know cerebral”
On that sentences, there are the word “They” and “their” that used by Jordan
Rudess. The word “they” indicated to plural third person deixis and refers to young
players and older players. The word “their” is the possessive adjective of the third
plural pronoun of They. It also can be categorized into third person deixis. It is indicated to something that they did which is training. The next data as follows;
“The sound’s so cool, also this is on a rotating system stand that can move around and can do all the things with them”
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“He is able to walk on stage in you know just below everybody's mind every night with a smile and we're having a wonderful time with him and I think the dream theatre music is alive and well”
Furthermore, there are two words that used by Jordan Rudess, they are “he”
and “him”. The word “He” is the subject pronoun of the third singular pronoun. It refers to drummer of Dream Theater. Whereas the word “him” classified as the
object pronoun of the third singular pronoun. The word “him” is refers to Dream
Theater drummer’s. The last data as follows;
“He's actually human and not a claim is this something like in his arms you know like that might be robotic”
Therefore, there is the word “his” that used by Jordan Rudess. In this case,
the word “his” is the possessive adjective of the third singular pronoun. It refers to the arms of Dream Theater drummer’s that like a robotic.
4.1.2.2 Time Deixis
Time deixis or temporal deixis concern to encoding of temporal points and spans of the time in which utterances spoken and written (Levinson, 1985: 62). It means that this deixis focus on the time when utterance is uttered. This deixis it can be a minutes, hour, day, night, week, month, and years The data obtained from any words, phrases, and sentences that spoken by Jordan Rudess when interviewed. In the conversation between Jordan Rudess and the presenter, the researcher gets several kinds of the word or phrase that indicated to the place deixis. The data are “Today, Now, Hour, year, sometimes, same time”. The script of conversations
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The first data, the researcher found the word “Today” in an utterance of
Jordan Rudess that said;
“Have been hectic to be with you today”
The sentence above is talk about feeling of Jordan Rudess. The word “today” can be categorized in to time deixis. It is identified as the interview
schedule that day. Then, the next data as follows;
“I just crawled off a bus actually we have a what was that like an 11-hours drive from Washington DC to Atlanta Georgia so it was great fun”
The sentence describes when Jordan Rudess and the team on the way from Washington DC to get to Atlanta Georgia. The researcher found the word “11
hours” that including in time deixis. It explains the time during their journey
between Washington DC to Atlanta Georgia. The next data as follows;
“It's very insane it's been you-know-who we have been talking about this, this last year”
This sentence describes a bit of gossip related drummer of Dream Theater who reportedly resigned. The word “last year” is time deixis. It explains the time
when the gossip happens for a year lately. The next data as follows;
“He is able to walk on stage in you know just below everybody's mind every night with a smile and we're having a wonderful time with him and I think the dream theatre music is alive and well”
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time deixis. It explains the time when they are together. They gather together all the time, Jordan Rudess says every night which means every hour, every night, every day. The next data as follows;
“That's a really good question because I… I… I feel sometimes when I listen to, you know, certain music that people can have a tendency to get amm… to get a deep inside the academic side of things”
The sentence occurs when Jordan Rudess answer questions about the relationship between the person that smart in music theory with a smart practice. The word “Sometimes” can be categorized as time deixis which is encoding the
time at which an utterance was spoken. The word “sometime” refers to the time that
he feels the music which is uncertain. Then, the next data as follows;
“This is a wonderful instrument design very well and the sound’s so cool, also this is on a rotating system stand that can move around and can do all the things with them. So now it's the second about my rack”
There is the word “now” that indicate to time deixis. According to
Levinson’s theory the word “now” is one of the word that include in time deixis.
The word “now” is refers to the time when he explained the equipment on that
moment. The last data as follows;
“But when it comes time to play live, I tend to use that one intense keyboard as a focus. And for this tour, I actually changed my game a little bit I was using the Korg Oasys mmm for two years”
This sentence describes the keyboard used by Jordan Rudess when he performed. Lately, Korg Oasys Jordan Rudess chose as his friends. The word “two
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utterance was spoken. It refers to the time that he changes his keyboards over the last two years.
4.1.2.3 Place Deixis
Place deixis or spatial deixis concern to encoding of spatial location or specification of location relative to the location of participant in delivered the utterances. The data obtained from any words, phrases, and sentences that spoken by Jordan Rudess when interviewed. In the conversation between Jordan Rudess and the presenter, the researcher gets several kinds of the word or phrase that indicated to the place deixis. The data are “There, here”. The script of conversations between Jordan Rudess and the Presenter can be found in appendix.
The first data, the researcher found the word “there” in an utterance of
Jordan Rudess that said;
“Let me tell you, and literally just walked up the bus kinda with eyes half closed down my hotel room turned on my computer and there you are”
In the utterance of Jordan Rudess above is talking about the current situation of Jordan Rudess just got up and he was still sleepy. Then, he turned on his computer and he was surprised, because there was the presenter that is calling Jordan Rudess via video call. The word “there” in this case refers to the inside of
computer screen. Based on Levinson’s theory it can be categorized as place deixis
that encoding the location of the participant.
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The sentence is revealed that Jordan Rudess began the introduction of his instrument start from the position of the main keyboard. The word “here” is refers
to the position where the Korg Kronos is located.
4.2 Discussion
In this section, Jordan Rudess conduct a conversation with the presenter which in the conversation, there are three types of deixis that applied, they are; person deixis, time deixis, place deixis in the video interview of Jordan Rudes entitled “Jordan Rudess Dream Theater Interview and Live Rig Tour”. Deixis can
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
The last part of this study the researchers provides the conclusions and suggestions based on the analysis and discussion explained in the previous chapter. The conclusion is written based on the formulated statement of the problems whereas the suggestion is intended to give information and input to the next researchers who are interested in doing future research about deixis
5.1 Conclusion
There are three types of deixis that can applied in the video interview of Jordan Rudess entitled “Jordan Rudess Dream Theatre Interview and Live Rig Tour”, such as: person or personal deixis, time or temporal deixis, and place or
spatial deixis. Then, the researcher put some additional data for supporting the result of this thesis, there are 277 deixis in various types that found in the video of Jordan Rudess. The percentages of types of deixis for each classification are as follows; there are 257 or 93% person deixis, then 13 or 5% for the time deixis, and the last 7 or 2% for the place deixis. The first peson deixis has dominate the data. The word “I” is the word that is most often spoken by Jordan Rudes which the total amount that is 90 words, then followed by “you” which the total amount that is 56
words.
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on a person and encoding or term of the role of participants in the speech event that utterance. Then temporal deixis like Now, Today, Last Years and etc. Its focuses on the time and concern on the encoding of temporal points and spans relative to the time at which an utterance is spoken its. The last is spatial deixis, such as: There, here. Its focuses on the encoding of spatial locations relative to the location of the participants in the speech event. Therefore, by having understand well to deixis we can avoid the misunderstanding especially in the video, and also automatically we can understand the context by deixis in the daily communication.
5.2 Suggestion
1
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