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K i n i h u j a n t a k k u n j u n g b e r h e n -t i d i m u s i r n y a n g s e m e s t i n y a k e -m a r a u . H a l i n i d i t e n g a r a i a k i b a t p e n g a r u h p e m a n a s a n g l o b a l . K o n -s e k u e n -s i n y a , t i r n b u l p e t a k a l e d a k -a n h a m a w e r e n g d a n p e n g g e r e k b a t a n g y a n g m e n y e b a b k a n k e g a -g a l a n p u l u h a n r i b u a n h e k t a r p a d i d i b e b e r a p a t e m p a t d i P u l a u J a w a a k i b a t k e s e m r a w u t a n p o l a t a n a m p a d i d a n t i d a k a d a n y a m a s a j e d a t a n a m
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P e t a n i s a w a h d i m a s a s i l a m m e -m i l i k i p e n g e t a h u a n e k o l o g i l o k a l m e n d a l a m t e n t a n g a g r o k l i r n a t . P e t a n i T a t a r S u n d a d i m a s a s i l a m , m i -s a l n y a , b i a s a n y a m e n g a n d a l k a n i n d i k a t o r a l a m d a l a m m e n e n t u -k a n p e r g a n t i a n m u s i m . C o n t o h -n y a , r a s i b i n t a n g , s e p e r t i b i n t a n g t u j u h , b i n t a n g k e r t i , a t a u b i n t a n g k a r t i k a ( t h e p J e i a d e s ) d a n b i n t a n g k i d a n g a t a u b i n t a n g w u l u k u ( t h e b e l t o f o r i p n ) ; m a s a b e r b u n g a a t a u b e r b u a h t u r n b u h a n , s e p e r t i r a n d u ( C e i b e p e t a n d r a ) ; d a u r b e r b i a k b i -n a t a -n g d e n g a n n y a n y i a n s u a r a s e -r a n g g a , s e p e -r t i t u r e s ( C r y p t o t y m -p a n a a c u t a ) d a n t o n g g e r e t ( D u n -d u b i a m a n i fe r a ) ; s e r t a k e h a d i r a n b u r u n g - b u r u n g m i g r a s i d i d e s a .
K a r e n a i t u , t i d a k m e n g h e r a n -k a n , d i -k e n a l b a n y a k u n g k a p a n p e -t a n i d i T a -t a r S u n d a t e n t a n g i n d i k a -t o r p e r u b a h a n m u s i m d a n p e n g g a -r a p a n s a w a h . C o n t o h n y a , b i n t a n g
k i d a n g j e u n g k e r t i k a k u l o n t o t o n -d e n m u s i m n g i j i h k u d u n g s m i m i -t i a n n y a w a h ( b i n t a n g k i d a n g d a n k e r t i b e r g e r a k k e a r a h b a r a t , p e r -t a n d a a w a l m u s i r n h u j a n d a n h a r u s s i a p m e n g g a r a p s a w a h ) .
M a k a , k e t i k a m u s i r n h u j a n a k a n t i b a , p a r a t e t u a a h l i t a n i d i d e s a b i a -s a m e m e r i n t a h k a n w a r g a u n t u k m u l a i m e n g g a r a p s a w a h . P a d a u m u m n y a k e g i a t a n d i a w a l i d e -n g a -n s e d e k a h a n a t a u s e l a m a t a n d i s e t i a p k e l u a r g a a t a u p u n b e r s a m a -s a m a d i t e m p a t - t e m p a t s a k r a l , s e -p e r t i h u J u w o t a n d a n c a i n y u s u . P a -d a d a s a r n y a k e g i a t a n s e d e k a h a n d a n p e n g h o r m a t a n p e t a n i t e r h a -d a p t e m p a t - t e m p a t s a k r a l s u m b e r a i r t e r s e b u t m e m i l i k i f u n g s i a d a p -t i f p e -t a n i .
S e b a b , h a l i t u m e n d o r o n g k e -b e r s a m a a n d a n k e k o m p a k a n p e t a -n i u n t u k m e l i n d u n g i s u m b e r a i r s e r t a b e r t a n a m p a d i s e c a r a s e r e m -p a k d e m i e f i s i e n s i p e n g g u n a a n a i r d a n p e n g e n d a l i a n l e d a k a n h a m a p a d i ( b a n d i n g k a n L o v e l a c e 1 9 8 4 : 1 9 6 ) .
S e u s a i p a n e n p a d i p e r t a r n a , m u -s i m h u j a n a t a u r e n d e n g a n , u n t u k t a n a m p a d i b e r i k u t n y a ( m o r e k a t ) p e t a n i b i a s a n y a s a n g a t m e m p e r -t i m b a n g k a n k e t e r s e d i a a n a i r d i s a -w a h . S a w a h - s a w a h y a n g m a s i h m e m i l i k i a i r b e r l i m p a h ( s a w a h l e -d o k a t a u s a w a h r a n c a ) , s e b a g a i p e -n y e l a -n g -n y a , b i a s a d i t a n a m i d u l u d e n g a n i k a n . S e m e n t a r a s a w a h t a
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d a h h u j a n ( s a w a h g u l u d u g a t a u g e -l e d u g a n ) , s e b a g i p e n y e l a n g n y a , u m u m n y a d i t a n a m i p a l a w i j a ,
P e n a n a m a n i k a n , s e p e r t i i k a n m a s , m u j a i r , d a n n i l a , d i l a k u k a n p e t a n i l a n g s u n g s a a t p a d i s e l e s a i d i p a n e n a t a u k e t i k a s a w a h b a r u d i -t a n a m i p a d i ( m i n a p a d i ) , T a n a m i k a n p a s c a p a n e n p a d i t e r s e b u t s a -n g a t m e n g u n t u n g k a n s e c a r a e k o -l o g i s d a n e k o n o m i s .
S e c a r a e k o l o g i s , s e u s a i p a n e n p a d i , s a w a h s a n g a t k o n d u s i f u n t u k d i t a n a m i i k a n , S i s a - s i s a j e r a m i y a n g m e m b u s u k d i s a w a h d a p a t m e m a c u p e r t u m b u h a n p l a n k t o n s e b a g a i m a k a n a n i k a n s e h i n g g a m e m a c u p e r t u m b u h a n i k a n d i s a -w a h . S e l a i n i t u , d e n g a n a d a n y a i k a n d a n k o t o r a n i k a n , t a n a h s a -w a h m e n j a d i g e m b u r , J a d i , w a k t u s a w a h d i g a r a p u l a n g , t a n a h m u d a h d i c a n g k u l a t a u d i b a j a k . T a n a h n y a p u n s u b u r s e r t a s a n g a t b a i k b a g i p e r t u m b u h a n t a n a m a n p a d i .
M a s a j e d a t a n a m p a d i j u g a d a -p a t m e m o t o n g d a u r h i d u p h a m a p a d i . S e l a i n i t u , k e h a d i r a n i k a n d i
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s a w a h s e b e l u m d i c a n g k u l j d i b a j a k a t a u p u n s e s a a t s e t e l a h t a n a m a n p a d i d a p a t b e r f u n g s i m e m a n g s a s e r a n g g a h a m a ,
S e m e n t a r a i t u , k e u n t u n g a n e k o n o m i s n y a , i k a n d a r i s a w a h t e r -s e b u t b e r g u n a u n t u k k o n s u m s i k e -l u a r g a a t a u p u n d i j u a l . B e r b e d a d e -n g a -n s a w a h l e d o k , s e t e l a h p a n e n p a d i ,s a w a h g e l e d u g a n b i a s a n y a d i -t a n a r n i t a n a m a n p a l a w i j a , s e p e r t i j a g u n g , u b i j a l a r , k a c a n g p a n j a n g , d a n m e n t i m u n . S e b a b , t a n a m a n p a l a w i j a t i d a k m e m b u t u h k a n b a -n y a k a i r , t a h a -n k e k e r i n g a n , d a n s a -n g a t b e r m a -n f a a t u n t u k m e m u l i h -k a n -k e s u b u r a n t a n a h s e r t a m e r n u -t u s d a u r h i d u p h a m a p a d i .
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P a d a a k h i r 1 9 6 0 - a n k e t e r a t u r a n p o l a t a n a m p a d i s a w a h m e n g a l a r n i p e r u b a h a n d r a s t i s k a r e n a d i p e r k e -n a l k a -n -n y a b e r b a g a i v a r i e t a s b e n i h p a d i u n g g u l h a s i l i m p o r d a r i F i l i p i -n a m e l a l u i p r o g r a m r e v o l u s i h i j a u . P e n g e n a l a n v a r i e t a s p a d i b a r u t e r -s e b u t m e n y e b a b k a n s e j u m l a h p e r
-u b a h a n , s e p e r t i t i d a k s e r a g a m d a n a c a k - a c a k a n n y a p o l a t a n a m p a d i , r e n t a n n y a k e t e r s e d i a a n a i r d i m u -s i m k e m a r a u , s e r t a l e d a k a n b e r b a -g a i h a m a ( b a n d i n g k a n L a n s i n g 1 9 9 1 ) .
S e l a i n i t u , r e v o l u s i h i j a u m e n g -a k i b -a t k -a n k e p u n a h a n b e r a g a m v a -r i e t a s p a d i l o k a l k a r e n a t e r g u s u r b e n i h p a d i k o m e r s i a l y a n g h a r u s d i b e l i p e t a n i . P u p u k o r g a n i k p u n d i g a n t i k a n p u p u k p a b r i k a n . T e n a -g a k e r b a u k a l a h b e r s a i n g d e n g a n t r a k t o r y a n g r a k u s b a h a n b a k a r m i n y a k , y a n g d i m a s a d e p a n b a k a l k i a n l a n g k a . B i o p e s t i s i d a h a s i l r a -c i k a n p e t a n i d i g a n t i k a n p e s t i s i d a p a b r i k a n y a n g m e r a c u n i o r g a n i s -m e m u s u h a l a r n i h a m a p a d i s e r t a m e n c e m a r i a i r s a w a h ,
A k i b a t n y a , t e k n o l o g i m i n a p a d i y a n g a d a p t i f d a n m e n g u n t u n g k a n p e t a n i k i a n s u l i t d i p r a k t i k k a n d i s a w a h y a n g t e l a h d i p e n u h i r a c u n p e s t i s i d a . R e v o l u s i h i j a u j u g a t e l a h m e n g o r b a n k a n p e t a n i g e n e r a s i t u a y a n g s a r a t p e n g a l a m a n l a p a n g -a n . P -a s -a l n y -a , o r -a n g - o r -a n g t u a y a n g a w a l n y a m e r u p a k a n s u m b e r g e n e -r a s i m u d a m e n i m b a p e n g e t a h u a n e k o l o g i l o k a l s e r t a p e n g e t a h u a n h i d u p m e n c a r i n a f k a h d i p e d e s a a n t e l a h d i a b a i k a n . G e n e r a s i m u d a s e o l a h - o l a h t i d a k m e m e r l u k a n l a g i p e n g e t a h u a n k o l o t ,
A k i b a t n y a , p r o g r a m i t u t i d a k s a j a g a g a l m e n g a n g k a t k e s e j a h t e -r a a n d a n m e n j a g a k e m a n d i r i a n p e t a n i , t e t a p i j u g a m e n g i k i s h a b i s p e n g e t a h u a n e k o l o g i l o k a l p e t a n i . P a d a h a l , p e n g e t a h u a n e k o l o g i 1 0 -k a l i t u b e r f u n g s i a d a p t i f b a g i p e t a -n i t e r h a d a p l i n g k u n g a n n y a , t e r -m a s u k u n t u k m e n g h a d a p i p e r -u b a h a n i k l i m .
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