The Gastropods Diversity in Intertidal Zone at Sundak Beach District Gunung Kidul - Repository Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

*}qfi{'

's

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l

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ond

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Author

and

SPeaker

Prof.

Dr.

Margareth

Gfrerer, et'

al'

Rwiewer

Prof. Dr.

Margareth

Gfrerer

Prof.

Mustafa

bin Mat Deris

Prof.

Achmad

MursYidi,

M'Sc,

APt'

Dr.rer.nat.

Endang Darmawan,

APt'

Dr. Abdul

Fadlil,

MT'

Editor

Ali

Tarmuji, M.Cs.

Herman YuliansYah,

M.Eng'

Edwin

Daru Anggara, S.Farm'

Publisher

UAD

Press

Jln. Kapas

No.

9 Semaki,

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55166

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Technology.

Copynght

O

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...8-64

Science

The

Gastropods

Diversity

in

Intertidal

hne

at

Sundak

Beach

District

GunungWdul

lnternational conference on Green world in Business and rechnology 2013

The Gastropods

Diversity in

Interti

dal

zoneat sundak

Beach

District Gunungkidul

Agung Budiantorol, Andri Firmansyah persada2

r'2

Biology program, Faculry of Mathematics And Natural Sciences

Ahmad Dahlan University.

Abstract. Research Gastropods diversity _{and abundance conducted in intertidal zone at Sundak}

beach district Gunungkidul in January 2013 with the aim to determine the condition of the

1guuti. community

in

the Gastropoda. Observations used method

of

direct observation by

dividing the intertidal region into

3

stations- Gastropods sampling

*"0 ourra;;;;;,

method. Gastropods had been observed

in

the intertidal beacir Sundak with total

;f

g7

Gastropods, divided into 20 species included in 13 families. pardalina testudinariais _{the most}

1lundant species. The largest Gastropods abundance

at

station

II

was 3.2 individu/m2. Diversity index of Gastropods relatively low ranged from 2.02 to 2.09, and the aomi.ran"" 3dex also relatively low ranged from 0.135 to 0.1i. vegetation gpes consists of 19

,p""i.,

or

intertidal _{macro algae and one species of sea grass. The most a6undant}

macro algae is (Jlva

fasciata and the sea grass is Cymodocea rotundata.

xcywords -'Gistropods, intergidar zone, sundak beach, macra arga, and sea grass.

I

Introduction

C-rashopods

in

the

intertidal

zone

of

Sundak beach

is

eating macro algae that can be

blrnd

corals substrate area.

Diversity

and abundance

of

gastropods

iniome

_intertidal m'nes have differences

in

data. There no research on the

diveisity

and abundance

of

gasropods and relationship

with

the presence

of

macro algae and

."u

grur.

on

the

&mdak

beach-

The

results

of

the intertidal

zone relatea

wittr Gastrop#s

diversity

md

abundance

canbe

used as data

of

the Gunungkidul _{State. The data can be used as}

fre

basis

for

local

_{goverrlment and coastal communities}

in

the

_maintenance

of

_the

Eiruml

resources

in

coastal

area,

especially

the

diversity

and

abundance

of

Cnstopods at that area.

The

study

was

conducted

on

January 2013

in

the

intertidal

Sundak

beach

Gnmungkidul.

The

object

of

research

is

the living

gastropods,

water

quality

lmameters, water

base

substiite, and

vegetation

-u.--utgue

and

_sea

liass.

_The

msearch

method used was

direct

_observation

method, namely

,"r"*"li

done

by plnnging

directly

into

the

field

at the

time

of low

tide

and

take

Gastropoai-*u"ro

*ae

and sea

grass,

and also

_sea

water

_samples.

Determination

of

_observation

ffiions

by

dividing

the coastal intertidal areas Sundak

into

3 stations.

At

each station

dservation

made the recording position _{using GpS.} {&stropods _{samples obtained through}

in

_{to tf,e}

killing

bottle and preserved using 4%

&malin

and labeled

for

later

ideniified

using the

glidebook

Shells

of

the

Western

hcific

in

Color

Vol.

II

(Habe,

1964), Shells

of tfr.

W"stern

pacific in

Color

Vol. I

@

1965), Pacific Sea Shells

(Tinker,

_{1958), Shells}

of

_the

world

(oliver,

_{lg75) at}

&

Iaboratory of Animal

Taxonomy

Faclllv

of

Biology, University

of

Caajaft Mada

Tog'akarta.

Vegetation samples identified by

Atmadji

et al., (1996).

Envirinmental,

gfosical

parameters

of

water chemistry and substrate

type conditions

_{are observed.}

Budiantoro et al. / !CGWBT2O13

Measurements

for

thephysical

parameters of water chemistry is pH, and tem

done

in

same

time,

while

the measurement

of

Do

(Dissotvla

<ixygen) and carried out in Health Laboratory yogyakarta.

The data obtained were analyzed;

a.

Diversity

Index

(H'),

The

criteria

yse!

to

interpret the Shannon-Wiener

diversity (Krebs,

I

in

Dibyowati,2009):

H'<3:32

: low diversity

3:32

<H'<9.97:

_{Diversity classified as being}

H>9.97

: Diversity is

high.

--e

H'max

will

occur

if

found in condition in which

all

species are abundant criteria:

E

>

0.6

: Ecosystems are

in

a stable

conditioq

high

uniformity.

0.4

s

E <

0.6

: Ecosystem

in

less stabre _{conditions, unirormrty}

br6

E <

0.4

:

Ecosystems

are

in

a

depressed

conditioq

l;

uniformity

(Magurran, l9B7

in Dibyowati,

2009)-Dominance index _{was calculated according to the Simpson}

irrd"i,"

- - - ' '

criteria:

ItlE

u

lhe

c

IIa

o

lhee

s

I

tu

TLr

If

a value of _{0 <C <0.5, then the}

low

_dominanCe

-

If

the value of 0.5 <C _{<0.75, the dominance was} -

If

the value

of

0.75 <C _{<1.00, the high dominance}

Gastropods dataand

of

commumty _{structure at}

i,t"rtiSffi1",9t;;ii;;i#;fl?;;:'*

sea grass)

from

_{the three stations was processed using}

Microsoft Exel

_2007.

ti

_{to nna}

a

relationship between types

of

macro algae and

,"u grus

wi&

species and macro

algae- sea grass

wet weight with

a

n,nnb"r

of

indiiiduals

of d"rt

"d;

in

the

intertidal

zone

at

srldak

beach analyzed

by

Pearson

bivariate

correlation _analysis

using SPSS version

I5.

2

Results

and

Discussion

Intertidal

area at _{Sundak beach can reach a distance}

of

_{about 150 meters. Interaction}

with

humans

is

more common

in

a distance

of

100 meters,

while

the distance

of

50 meters

further interaction

_{less and even}

no

_{hack because}

the

_{waves are so}

big

and strong that

hit

this area.

2.1

Vegetation conditions

2.1.1

Composition Type

_{macroalgae and seagrass}

Intertidal

_{vegetation found as 20 types,}

which

_consists

of

_{19 species}

of

macro algae

and

I

species

of

sea grass. Types

olmacro

algae found on this

ibservation

_{more than}

the research conducted

by

Santi et al., (2010)

on

17

April

2010

in

the intertid

al

zone

in

the waters

of

the beach Sundak only

just

17-types.

Big

amount vegetation

types in

a third

observation

are (Jlva

fasciata

md

Chaito*orjho

finum

frlom

the division

bq

Eed

t

rdd"

mitI.

pqry

i;

DllI

Fd

lfind

hcro

:tu

IJrds I l

16$*t*..iu

i'

ifet

weifht

of

macioalg-ae

and

seagrass

in

all

three

_observation

stations

showed

uarying

values' station

it

_has

a

_valu"e

relativ_e_3

tliz ir",

of wet

weight

is

rarger

fran

the

other

two

_{stations, namery stations}

ttt

at

_{z t t}

s".

t'g^z,

and

I

_train

at

₂₀₉₇

dnL

Handavani _et

al,, 1zoot1,r"ii

[niri,v

;;;;;il;o'r*"t

seaweed

in

the water

*}j::r"i::":1f:11.".4;"J

ditions.

_{For exampre, types}

of

-Tr*:

such as

*,"".i"t"

"rthe

substrate and water

urvafasciata

_{has arurg"}

u,,.o"#:H:lT:ril?':;

three stations as

mgre

adaptive

*i *.

often

founii,

ut*ort

alr

parts

of

the

rtidal

area Sundak

leach.

severar types

of

_-lnacro

urd"

u*ong.other

types

of

idiella

acerosa, Enteromorpha intestinaris,

,e*f,ilroo

fragirissima,

and hieuma sp.

The Gastropods _{Diversity in}

lntertidalZone

at

sundak

_{Beach District Gunungkidul}

Structure

Gastropods

Communities

I

The composition

_{and abundance of Gastropods}

'ds

were

found during

research

at

ttrree stations

in

the

itertidal

zone at

::":1^:""r":.f

r

types

found

_,87

on this

indivjduats

which

are

20

species

from

13

families.

observation

much

riore

trran

r.o-

_research

l:.ll

1^1!

e0r,2)

conducted

in

the

intertidar

zone

incoastar

waters

;;;";::::";:ffi

i;:,!*?,i,:'":ff,1::3;,11,:.:^'lj'."-o'"*ution Hi;;;;,',^{;"three

rvpes prus

res _{Asteronotus cespitotus (wedusan) found onry}

when,rr"

t

l'r,r'ri;;::fit

:r:;

*:::t-:i1?"::qber.iorz.

_{of many types are}

in

s9

?l,no

studiis

and statements that,describe the that month. However, based

o,

_u

.*", i;'irffiffi;#;

l'ir#r3:i::,ryy*:e,

_{When surveying} types.such.as observatio.,

*y'U"

due

to

seasonal the

field,

such as

*"

rvp"

iityril';;ir;;rffi

il

"#r"H

tr'igure

I

_{Relative Frequency Diagram}

presenc€ macro algae and r"u

g.I-.r..y__pj:

..-..-..-.._ _. ..-,-:::

Wet Weught

of

Macro

algae

and

Sea grass

Budiantoro et al. / |CGWBT2O13

like

noodles found many clustered

in

the gu1ly and on the substrate

of

macro algae and sea grass. This can _{be factors that caused massively migration mating type to tbe}

Intertidal coast during the month of November _{2012 at Sundak beach.}

Gastropods Abundance

Gastropods were found at station

I

were 35 individuals, more than stations

II

and

Itr

respectively

by

28

md

24 individuals. The number

of

individuals _{Gastropods station}

I

was not

in

line

with

the number of types

of

gastropods. The numbers

of

Gastropods

are

most

commonly

found

in

station

II

as

many

as

13

species.

The

numbers

of

Gastopods at the station because there are types

I

Morula

granulata

and,

pardalinn

testudinaria

found

respectively

by

7 individuals

arrd,

Nerita

albicillq

found only

_on

this station by the number 6 individuals. _{The Gastropods types at station}

II

_{more than} the station

I,

the

amount

of

Gastropods at station

II

are

liss

than

station

I

because

most types are

found

only

consists

of

a single

individual.

Gatropods

who

are found more than jlu.;t

Pardalina testudinaria

and Cymatium muricinumrespectively

9

_andT

individuals. However,

the

number

of

Gastropods species

at

stations

III

only

ll

species,

Littorina

_{scabra is the highest number found}

with

_{9 individuals.}

Gastropods Types

Figure

2

Diagram of Relative _{Abundance Each type of Gastropods}

Pardalina testudinaria is the

most commonly

found

of all

three stations observed,

the number

of

18

individuals with a

relative

_abundance

of

_20.69%,

followed

_by

Cymatium

muricinum by

the number

of

10 individuals

with

a relative abundance

of

11.49-

Most

of

the

gastropods were found

during the

study had

a relatively

small

shell size which

ranges

from

r-3

cm,

except

in

species

Turbo

is

4-7

cm.

The

difference

in

abundance

of

Gastropods in this study is mainly due to the capability

of

adaptation

to

environmental conditions

that

exist.

The

kind

that

has

a

high

adaptability

to

survive and

influence

will

be more

_exists

in

the

intertidal

_Sundak

beach.

2,2.2

Important

Value Index

Type of Gastropods

Calculation

Importance

Value

Index in

each

type

of

Gastropods

in

the

intertidal

Sundak beach

show

that

Pardalina

testudinaria has _{the highest Importance Value}

lndex compared to other species is equal

to

31.76yo.

Th

t

x

!l a a a L

'iJ

#

*d

0.25

S

o.zo

E

0.15

E

o.ro

5

0.05

& 6!-Q)

.l

6"i

o"+,

E( .rr.0

co-.c

&

nly

-f,5

I_

P

)ild

wed hncc

Y

IIL biEty

tu$${ffihW$tffi$p*qt:'{:$s

.Gastropods species

Eigure

3

_{Important Value Index Diagram of Each Gastropods}

Ihis

suggests

that

Pardalina

testudinaria

give a

large

role

to

the

shucture

of

the

(hstopods community also

in

the.,..divority-.,i*a*{*d**i***"r..1111if,616i1y

_3,,61

frndance

in

the intenidal

z-one Surdak

beaci. This

specie.

rr

r"La

,i""i'#rv

i"

fifuome

and roots of-sea gtass _{Cymodiceu rotundata, types that grow}

in

_{the habitats}

&racteristics

as sand area.

The Gastropods Diversity in tntertidal Zone at Sundak Beach District Gunungkidul

^40

s35

;30

a2s

Ezo

g15

?10

:5

EO

_o

CL

2?3

Diversity Index (H '),

uniformity

(E)

and dominance

(c)

of

Gastriipoda

Diversity

Index (H ')

(htopods

_species

diversity

_{index values}

in

these three observation _{stations showed}

dues

from 2-02 to _{2-09. Based on the criteria that can interpret the Shannon-Wiener}

f,vusity

(Krebs,

1989

in

Dibyowati,

z00g) states

that

if

the value

of H,ranged

<

Teble

I

Diversity Index (H '), Uniformity (E), and dominance

(c)

Type of gastropods in

each station

Budiantoro et al. / ICGWBT2O'I3

Species

diversity

in

the

intertidal

zone Sundak beach included

in

the

low

with the

lowest diversity found

in

station

I.

Low

levels

of

the

three Gastropods

diversity could

be due

to only

a

few

types

of

Gastropods are found

relatively

large

amounts

and relative

abundance

of

other types.

For

Pardalina testudinaria, Cymatium muricinum, arrd

Littorina

scarba were found

to

more abundant than the other 17 species

of

Gastropods.

Uniformity

Index (E)

Uniformity

index

values

in all

three types

of

stations showed values ranging

0.81

to

0.89.

Based

on

the

criteria

of

uniformity index (Magurran,

lggT

Dibyowati,

2009), states that

if

the

uniformity

index more than 0.6

it

means that individual composition of each type

of

gastropods in the intertidal beach Sundak

is

stable condition and also has a high

uniformity.

The dominance index (C)

Dominance index value used to determine the presence or absence

of

certain types Gastuopods that dominant

in

each station.

Uniformity

index values

in all

threJtn

of

observation stations showed values

ranging

from

0.135

to

0.19.

Based on

criteria

lcordfng

to odum

(1993)

in

Susiana (2011),

this-value-ranges-tetffi

and 0.5 indicating that species dominance in all three observation stations is low.

2;.2.4 Relationship

Between

Macro

Algae

and

sea Grass

Type

with

N

Type

Gastropods

Based

on the

statisiical

tegt results obtained

form a

positive

but

weak

between the number

of

types

of

macro algae and sea grass

with

a number

of

types gastropods, demonstrated the value

of

the correlation coefficient

of

0.424 and 0-0

with

significant

(<0.05). From

this

it

can be said that the increase

in

the number types

of

macro algae and sea grass

positive

effect on the increase

in

the

mrmber types

of

Intertidal Gastropods at Sundak beach

with

model linear equation

y

:

1-+0.1 12

x.

Based

on

observation, Gastropods

from Family

Cerithiidae

and Trochidae

can said associated

with

macro algae Chlorophyta. Macro algae

Family

Cypraeidae

Strombidae

associated

with

the

two

_classes,

namely

_{Chlorophyta.-}

Gastol

herbivorous

type

in

medium

sized

cruising

range between

0.s

to

i

-z

1curp"

1986

in

Hatta,l99l)

is more like the intertidal area is overgrown by macro algae

facilitate

the type

to

be

eaten

by

gastropods

such

chaentomorpha, Acanthophora, and _{other macro algae have} a small morphology, soft texture (S

&

walting,

1983

in

Hatta,

1991). Thus, the various types

of

macro algae, tire diverse the Gastropoda type.

Environmental conditions

including salinity

waters

(26-32

%o), temperature

(

300c),

Do

(7.5 mg

/

L)

was

within

tf,e range that supports

life

Gastropoiu.

3

Conclusion

Based

on

the

results

of

research conducted

in

the

intertidal

beach

found

found to

1987

that

undak is

The Gastropods Diversity in lntertidal Zone at Sundak Beach District Gunungkidul

diversity is

relatively low

with

an index ranging from 2.02 to

2.09.

'

4

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