MRS. CHARLOTTE’S ANXIETY AS A MOTHER IN JODI
PICOULT’S NOVEL
HANDLE WITH CARE
THESIS
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities
State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya
By
Elisa NurHariyati
Reg. Number: A83212157
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SUNAN AMPEL
SURABAYA
ABSTRACT
Hariyati, Elisa Nur, 2016. Mrs. Charlotte’s Anxiety As Mother In Jodi Picoult’s Novel Handle wih Care. Thesis, English department, Faculty of Adab and Humaniora, State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya.
Advisor: Abu Fanani, M.Pd
This thesis entitled Mrs. Charlotte’s Anxiety as A Mother in Jodi
Picoult’s Novel Handle with Care has an objective to analyze about anxiety which is experienced by Charlotte as the main character. In this thesis, the researcher used descriptive qualitative method to explain more details about the analysis. Researchers found data with the literature, searching the internet and books to get information related to the analysis of the object. The researchers also used the theory of psychoanalysis by Sigmund Freud and the new criticism to answer the problem statement.
The result of analysis shows Charlotte is describing as a mother who is caring, irritable and grumpy and ambitious woman. The second, researcher also finds the anxiety of Charlotte. There three are kind’s anxiety in Charlotte neurotic anxiety, moral anxiety and realistic anxiety. The last, researcher also discovers about cause of Charlote anxiety as a mother. After analysis, it is learned that Charlotte is a mother who cares and very loves her daughter very much. The anxiety of Charlotte appeared when she felt like a failure and frustrating to protect her daughter who suffer from brittle bones.
xv INTISARI
Hariyati, Elisa Nur, 2016. Mrs. Charlotte’s Anxiety As Mother In Jodi Picoult’s Novel Handle wih Care. Skripsi. Sastra Inggris. Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora. Universitas Islam Negri Sunan Ampel Surabaya.
Dosen Pembimbing: Abu Fanani, M.Pd
Tesis ini berjudul Mrs. Charlotte’s Anxiety as A Mother in Jodi Picoult’s Novel Handel wih Carememiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis tentang kecemasan yang dialami oleh Charlotte sebagai karakter utama. Dalam tesis ini, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menjelaskan lebih detail tentang analisis. Peneliti menemukan data oleh penelitian perpustakaan, pencarian di internet dan buku-buku untuk mendapatkan informasi yang berhubungan dengan analisis objek. Peneliti juga menggunakan teori psikoanalisis oleh Sigmund Freud dan kritik baru untuk menjawabrumusan masalah.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan Charlotte adalah menggambarkan sebagai seorang ibu yang peduli, mudah tersinggung dan marah-marah dan perempuan yang ambisius. kedua, peneliti juga menemukan kecemasan Charlotte. Ada 3 jenis kecemasan di Charlotte adalah kecemasan neurotik, kecemasan moral dan
kecemasan realistis. Yang terakhir, peneliti juga menemukan tentang penyebab kecemasan Charlotte sebagai seorang ibu.Setelah analisis, itu dipelajari bahwa Charlotte adalah seorang ibu yang peduli dan sangat mencintai putrinya. Kecemasan Charlotte muncul ketika dia merasa gagal dan frustasi untuk melindungi putrinya yang menderita tulang rapuh.
TABLE OF CONTENS
INSIDE COVER... i
INSIDE TITLE... ii
DECLARATION... iv
ADVISOR’S APPROVAL... v
EXAMINER’S APPROVAL... vi
MOTTO... vii
DEDICATION... viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT... ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS... xi
ABSTRACT... xiv
INTISARI... xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of the Study... 1
1.2Statement of the Problem... 4
1.3Objective of the Study... 4
1.4Scope and Limitation... 5
1.5Significance of the Study... 5
1.6Method of the Study... 6
1.7Organization of the Study... 7
1.8Definition of Key... 7
xii
2.1.2 Psychoanalysis Theory... 9
2.1.1.1 The Organization of Personality... 10
2.1.2 Anxiety... 13
2.1.2.1Neurotic Anxiety... 15
2.1.2.2Moral Anxiety... 16
2.1.2.3Reality Anxiety... 17
2.1.3 Symptoms of Anxiety... 18
2.1.4 New Criticism... 20
2.1.5.1 Character... 21
2.1.5.2 Characterization... 22
2.2 Review of Related Studies... 24
CHAPTER III ANALYSIS 1.1 Kind of Charlotte’s Anxiety... 26
1.1.1 Charlotte’s Neurotic Anxiety... 27
1.1.2 Charlotte’s Moral Anxiety... 31
1.1.3 Charlotte’s Reality Anxiety... 35
1.2 The Cause of Charlotte Anxiety... 38
1.2.1 Cause of Charlotte Neurotic Anxiety... 38
1.2.2 Cause of Charlotte Moral Anxiety... 40
1.2.3 Cause of Charlotte Reality Anxiety... 42
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION... 51
WORKS CITED... 53
APPENDIX... 56
1 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1Background of the Study
Literature is part of human life. Literature is the result of human thinking about life and dealing with feelings, ideas, thoughts, emotions, imagination, and problem. Literature is one of the most creative and universal means of
communication the spiritual emotion and intellectual concern of mankind. Little stated that literature may fairly be regarded as the chief art of mankind (1). Literature can also be considered as a social control to find the same perception on evaluating a moral distortion in human life. In getting better understanding the human life and problem, a literary work is a complete thought, because it conveys moral love, education, happiness, obsession, or hatred (Veronika 1).
Literature teaches how to appreciate the other’s feeling by reading and
knowing the literature work. The sense of appreciation will not directly arise such feeling, but must be sensitive. A good literature adds to the understanding of life in the world around. In literature, the human values will be found, their thoughts, problems and conflicts. Little says that this is because of its culture. It contains the records of people values, their thoughts, their problems, and conflicts in short, their whole way of life (1).
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exploration of human action and reaction. According to Richard Taylor says novel is normally a prose work of quite some length and complexity which attempts to reflect and express something of the equality or value of human experience or conduct (46).
In other words, a novel is long prose works with a great amount of detail on every page. Moreover, a novel represents the fictional narrative of life and experience (Holman 354).
One of the literary works that is a novel which has reflection of
experience human life is a novel Handle with Care by Jodi Picoult. Jodi Picoult is one of the popular novelists. Jodi Picoult born May 19, 1966. She is an American author. Jodi Picoult grew up in Nesconset, New York. She received an Award of
Bookseller in creative writing from Princeton and a Master’s degree in education
from Harvard. She lived in New Hampshire with her husband and three children. Jodi Picoult studied creative writing with Mary Morris at Princeton, and has two short stories published in seventeen magazines while still a student. She has a series of different jobs following graduation: as a technical writer for a wall street brokerage film, as a copy writer at an ad agency, as an editor at a textbook
publisher, and as an 8th grade English teacher before entering Harvard to purpose
a master’s in education. She married Tim Van Leer, whom she had known at
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Faith (1999), Plain Truth (2000), Salem Falls (2001), Perfect Match (2002), Second Glance (2003), My Sister's Keeper(2004), Vanishing Acts (2005), The Tenth Circle (2006) Nineteen Minutes(2007), Change of Heart (2008) both of which debuted at number one on the New York Times bestseller list and her newest novel, Handle with Care (20009) (Http://www.jodipicoult.com).
The Work of Jodi Picoult who becomes the subject of the study is Handle with Care which tells a story of anxiety a mother named Charlotte. Handle with Care tells about a woman named Charlotte who is looking forward to having a child from her second husband. Her effort is done through fertilization by the help of a friend, a doctor. Piper Reece, her friend and obstetricians Charlotte is a person who knows exactly how they strive for it. Charlotte anxiety arises when Piper discovered her unborn baby girl suffering from Osteogenesis
Imperfecta(OI) Type III. It is a disorder of the bone, a condition where the bones in the body is very fragile due to a lack of collagen. This disorder makes the child later will easily break a bone, either because of slipping or falling. Even when sneezing though. The child was later named Willow. Charlotte anxiety as a mother to the life and future of Willow is very natural. Therefore, Charlotte demanded friend named Piper to seek compensation for negligence as a gynecologist. It was all done for the future of willow.
In the novel Jodi Picoults Handle with Care, there are many
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because want to know how far the level of anxiety suffered by the main character, Charlotte, as a mother whose son sufferers brittle bones or Osteogenesis
Imperfecta (OI). Therefore, the researcher conducts a research with thesis title
“MRS. CHARLOTTE’S ANXIETY ASA MOTHER IN JODI PICOULT’S
NOVEL HANDLE WITH CARE”. 1.2 Statement of Problem
Based on the background above, the researcher comes to the statement problem as follow:
1. What kind of anxiety Charlotte as experiences in Handle with Care by Jodi Picoult?
2. What are the causes of Charlotte’s anxiety in Handle with Care by Jodi Picoult?
3. What are the effect of Charlotte’s anxiety towards her personality (character)?
1.3 Objective of the Study
According to the statement of the problems, the objectives of the study would be follows as:
1. To convey the kind anxiety of Charlotte’s experiences as a mother in Handle with Care by Jodi Picoult.
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3. To know the effect of Charlotte’s anxiety towards her personality (character)
1.4 Scope and Limitation
The scope of this study is about the main character in Handle with Care by Jodi Picoult. The anxiety of the main characters. She has a daughter named Willow who suffers from brittle bone syndrome. This study focuses on Charlotte’s Anxiety. The analysis of anxiety is necessary to use anxiety theory to support the data analysis and use new criticism as additional theory. Meanwhile, the limitation is the analysis of these studies only focus on Charlotte and her anxiety in Handle with Care novel based on Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis theory.
1.5 Significance of the Study
This research is expected to give a good understanding and deep impression to student who wants to analyze about anxiety, through a literary work. Therefore, through this research, the readers can see and know about the issue about anxiety depicted by Charlotte to her daughter Willow.
And the researcher hopes this research can contribute as a reference for the reader who wants to know more about the kinds of anxiety and there are a lot of interesting issues that can be analyze in Handle with Care. Beside, this research expects this thesis will give contribution to the readers in appreciating the literary
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1.6 Method of the Study
The research is considered as a descriptive qualitative method. This research is based on the comprehension of main character in Handle with Care, which is evaluated from psychological approach specially psychoanalysis theory. The collected data is analyzed using the related theories or approaches, such the
organization of personality and anxiety on Sigmund’s Freud.
The main instrument of the research is writer herself through deep
reading the novel, underlining the text that is related to the explanation of anxiety. The researcher collected data from many sources the books, thesis, journals, articles, books references, blogs, and source in internet that relevant with this research that support this study to improve the knowledge.
The researcher collects the data with some steps. The first, the researcher read and understands the sentences which relate to the cause of a mother anxiety in psychoanalysis theory. And also researcher searches some secondary data to support the analysis of Charlotte character and the anxiety of Charlotte. The research follows the following steps:
1. Reading the novel several times and determining the setting that would be analyzed to get well understanding on the whole story.
2. Taking notes of the related information both primary and secondary data. 3. Arranging the data into several groups based on its classifications.
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1.7 The Organization of the Study
The research organized into four chapters. The first chapter deals with introduction which is the background of study, the statement of the problem, objective of the study, the scope and limitation, significance of the study, the method of study, the organization of the study. The second chapter deals with review of related literature and related theories. The third chapter deals with the analysis of Mrs. Charlotte’s anxiety as a mother in Jodi Picoult’s novel Handle with Care and the research ended in fourth the consists of the conclusion of the research entitled.
1.8 Definition of Key Term
There are several key terms essential for use in this study. Key terms must be defined to provide a more easily understood explanations in this research. They are:
1.8.1 Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI): A genetic disorder that causes a person's bones to break easily, often from little or no apparent trauma. OI is also called "brittle bone disease." OI varies in severity from person to person, ranging from a mild type to a severe type that causes death before or shortly after birth. There are four well-known types of OI. These types are type I, II, III and IV (https://www.genome.gov).
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far as we know, anxiety is a uniquely human experience. Other animals clearly know fear, but human anxiety involves an ability, to use
memory and imagination to move backward and forward in time, that animals do not appear to have. The anxiety that occurs in posttraumatic syndromes indicates that human memory is a much more complicated mental function than animal memory. Moreover, a large portion of human anxiety is produced by anticipation of future events
9 CHAPTER II
LITERARY REVIEW
1.1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter is about the theories used and the related study. This chapter contains the theories to analyze the problem of statements. Theories are very important and essential to validate the analysis of the research without theory, a study cannot be relevant and incredible. This chapter gives the explanation about what the theories which are going to be used to analyze the problem of the study. This chapter divides into main theory and supporting theory. The main theory will discuss about psychoanalysis theory by Sigmund Freud focusing on the anxiety, and supporting theory will apply of the new criticism theory.
2.1.1 Psychoanalysis Theory
Theory of psychoanalysis by Sigmund Freud is important in order to cope and reveal the main problem in this case. Psychoanalysis is the tool to understand human personality and behavior through the character in the literary texts. As what Tyson stated psychoanalysis can help us to understand human behavior better, and also it must certainly be able to help us understand human behavior better, and also it must certainly be able to help us understand literary texts, which are about human behavior (11).
Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is one of the great intellectual
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today. The term psychoanalysis has three distinct meanings. Firstly it is a school of psychology, which emphasizes psychic determinism and dynamics. As a school of psychology it also emphasizes the importance of childhood experiences in
molding one’s adult personality and behavior. Secondly, psychoanalysis, with its
emphasis on the role of unconscious in determining human behavior, is a specialized method for investigating the unconscious mental activities. Finally, psychoanalysis is a therapeutic method for the investigation and treatment of mental disorders, especially the neurotic disorders (Freud 179).
Pervin,Cervone, & John in Personality theory and research,
Psychoanalysis has influenced the western thoughts to adegree that probably exceeds all other personality theories combined. It influencesthe social sciences, the arts, the humanities, and other subjects of study (12). Our concern here is the theoretical one, taking psychoanalysis as a study of psychic determinants of human behavior. Psychoanalysis as a psychological theory has undergone constant revisions both during Freud's time and afterwards. Psychoanalysis is considered to be a High-Level theory containing various sub theories such as
„levels of consciousness’, „psychic structure of personality’, „psychosexual
development’, „defense mechanisms’ and „theory of Instincts and it serves to unify
them to some extent (Farrel 21).
2.1.1.1 The Organization of Personality
According to Freud, the personality of a person consists of three parts of personality, they are unconscious, pre-conscious, and conscious. Myers in
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Underlying Freud’s conception of personality was his belief that the mind is like an iceberg –mostly hidden. Our conscious thoughts are the part of the iceberg above the surface. Below that is a much larger unconscious region, a whole reservoir of thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are unaware. Some of these thoughts are merely temporarily out of mind in a pre-conscious area, from which they can be retrieved at will into conscious awareness (Myers 396).
Based on Myers’s explanation, it can be understood that unconscious part
is the bulk of human thought, it consists of human basic desires and memories, while conscious part is awareness in human psychology, and the bridge between these parts are pre-conscious part, where the thought and memories from the unconscious can be taken at will into consciousness.
Furthermore, according to Freud, the personality also consists of three major systems, they are id, ego, and superego “These are called the id, ego, and superego. In the mentally healthy person these three systems form a unified and harmonious organization” (Hall 22). Based on the statement above, these systems of personality are connected to each other and they are creating the main sources on human personality.
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or not to display” (Feist and Feist 32). Based on their explanation, it can be understood that the nature of id is not caring for social norm and moral in its way to obtain pleasure, and the id is operating on the principle of pleasure.
Furthermore, Hall describes the pleasure principle as follows “The
pleasure principle is a special case of the universal tendency found in all living matter to maintain constancy in the face of internal and external disturbances” (Hall 23). Based on Hall’s statement, the pleasure principle is the principle to avoid danger and to maintain the safety at all times in all living things like humans or animals.
The second personality system is the Ego. The ego as Hall states in A Primer of Freudian Psychology is “The executive of the personality, controlling and governing the id” (Hall 28). Based on that statement, the ego can be defined as a system that executes the id’s desire, and also controls the id if id’s desire cannot be fulfilled right away.
Furthermore, Myers explains the nature of ego is following the principle
of reality “The ego operates on the reality principle, which seeks to gratify the id’s
impulses in realistic ways that will bring true pleasure rather than pain or
destruction” (Myers 398). Based on that statement, the ego can be considered as
logic in human life, this is the source where we try to find a way in order to fulfil the id’s desire.
And the third personality system is the superego. Below is the definition of superego by Hall:
The superego is the third major divisions on human personality. The
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ego as a consequence of the child’s assimilation from his parent regarding what is good and virtuous and what is bad or sinful (conscience) (Hall 31).
Based on Hall’s definition, Superego is a totally different personality
system from ego and id. The superego can be defined as norm or social code, and based on the definition above, the superego also has two other functions such as ego ideal and conscience.
Furthermore, according to Hall, the ego ideal is The ego ideal
corresponds to the child’s conceptions of what his parents consider to be morally
good (Hall 31). Based on the statement above, the ego ideal can be defined as a
person’s knowledge of good deeds in human morality. Whereas, the definition of
conscience is Conscience, on the other hand, corresponds to the child’s conception of what his parents feel is morally bad, and these are established through
experiences with punishment (Hall 31). Based on the statement, the conscience is
a person’s knowledge of what is considered as bad deeds, this person knows that
the deeds are bad from the punishments that he/she receives.
2.1.2 Anxiety
In psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is painful emotional experiences
representing threat of danger to the person (Pervin, Cervone, & John 89). In other words, anxiety is triggered by threat of dangerous situation or pressure in
someone’s life. As stated in A Primer of Freudian Personality, when a person
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rapidly, her mouth becomes dry, and the palms of her hands sweat (Hall 61). This means that anxiety affects someone not only emotionally, but also physically.
Anxiety is usual symptom which normally suffers on people’s mind, but
how anxiety can come to human’s mind is by the process. There are many causes
which can trigger anxiety on human’s mind one of them is the family suppression.
Freud identifies that on human’s psychic life consist of three part are the
conscious, preconscious and unconscious (Boeree 32). The conscious part is what
somebody realizes in the reality, direct vision, fantasy, one’s thinking and feeling.
The preconscious is the available memory which is easy to be called ones conscious. The biggest part of the psychic life is unconscious mind. In this part includes everything that is very difficult to be brought into consciousness, including everything that is derived from unconscious itself like instinct, desire and emoticons from traumatic event.
Hall states further that anxiety differs from other painful states, for instance tension, pain and melancholy that are the quality of consciousness. The quality of anxiety is unknown: "people can be unaware of the reason for their anxieties, but they cannot be unaware of the feeling of anxiety" (62).
Significantly, even though anxiety is often vague, however anxiety itself always felt. According to Feist:
“Only the ego can produce or feel anxiety, but the id, superego and external world are involved in one of three kinds of anxiety”(33).
Sigmund Freud in Feist’s Theories of Personality, states that anxiety is
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sensation which reminds somebody about the danger situation (Jess Feist 31). Human are always trying to search the way in order to reduce feeling of anxiety because in everyday life they will face many problems which disturb the mind. Anxiety is an indication from inner state that people seek to avoid or escape. In other word, anxiety is unpleasant feeling of stimulation that brings the symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, perspiration, and feelings of fear.
Hall states that Freud conceptualized three types of anxiety are the neurotic anxiety, moral anxiety, and reality anxiety.
2.1.2.1Neurotic anxiety
It is defined as “apprehension about an unknown danger” (Feist 34). Hall
states neurotic anxiety is aroused by a perception of danger from the instincts. It happens because the anti catches is which is the checking forces that are possessed by ego and superego fails to prevent the instinctual object catches is from
discharging themselves in some impulse action (65). The feeling itself exists in the ego, but it originates from id impulses. In other words, neurotic anxiety happens because there is a clash between the id and reality.
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which pressures upon his ego. His id seems to take control over his ego and reduce it to a state of helplessness. Second, neurotic anxiety is an intense and irrational fear (65). It is usually called a phobia. The intensity of the fear here is out of all proportion to the actual danger of the object which the person is afraid, for instance a person may be deathly afraid of high places, water, mice, and so on. In each case, these cases of fear are irrational. It happens because people are often in such distress, sometimes even in panic which they cannot think clearly. The id prevents them from distinguishing between what is imaginary and what is real. Furthermore, Hall and Lindzey, state that Neurotic anxiety is said to develop often out of early childhood experience in which parental training and behavior is harsh and uncaring (41).
When a person is neurotically anxious, he is afraid of the imaginary of punishment that he receives from imaginary parental or authority figures for satisfying his instinctual impulses
2.1.2.2Moral anxiety
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Moral anxiety, for example, will result from sexual temptations if a child believes that submitting to the temptation will be morally wrong. It may also result from the failure to behave consistently with what they regard as morally right for instance failing to care for aging parents. Moreover, the person cannot escape from feelings of guilt by running away from them. Hall and Lindzey state that to see imaginary punishment and imaginary parents differ from one’s
conscience by seeing the difference that lays essentially in the degree of control the ego exerts (42). They states further that moral anxiety is rational and capable of thinking a problem through; the superego is exerting its demands, but the ego is able to withstand them and to decide on a course of action.
2.1.2.3Reality Anxiety
Freud also considers it as objective anxiety. Hall describes anxiety as “a painful emotional experience resulting from a perception of danger in external
world” (63). A danger itself comes from any situations of the environment which
threatens to harm the person, for instance fear of poisonous snake, a man with a gun or a dog bite. Hall states further that the perception of danger and the arousal of anxiety may be brought since a baby was born in the sense that it inherent a tendency to become afraid in the presence of certain objects or environmental
conditions or even is acquired during the person’s life time (63). Furthermore,
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organism of human is overwhelmed by fear that actually his ego has not already bounded excessive stimulation from the external world. Since the immature organism cannot deal with, he experiences traumatic, for instance:
“A newly baby born is bombarded with excessive stimulation from the
world which his protected fetal existence has not already prepared for him. During his early years, the child encounters many other situations which he cannot cope and these traumatic experiences lay the groundwork for the
development of a whole network of fears” (Hall 64).
Thus, any situations in later life which threat to reduce the person to an infantile state of helplessness bring to the anxiety signal. In other words, fear are all related and derived from early experiences of helplessness.
2.1.3 Symptoms of Anxiety
According to Cristina, There are basically three symptoms of anxiety, there are generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder and stress disorder (9).
1. Generalized anxiety disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a relatively common anxiety problem, affecting 3-4% of the population that turns daily life into a state of worry, anxiety, and fear. Excessive thinking and dwelling on the “what its” characterizes this anxiety disorder. Generalized anxiety usually does not cause
people to avoid situations and there isn’t an element of a “panic attack” involved
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People with symptoms of GAD tend to always expect disaster and cannot stop worrying about health, money, family, work or school. In people with GAD, the worry often is unrealistic or out of proportion for the situation. Daily life becomes a constant state of worry, fear and dread. GAD can cause a change in behavior and the way you think and feel about things. Psychological symptoms of GAD include:
- Restlessness - A sense of dread
- Feeling constantly “on edge” - Difficulty concentrating - Irritability
- Impatience
There are a lot of symptoms of anxiety that are complex, caused by issues that are difficult to explain. Restlessness is not one of those symptoms. The cause of restlessness is very clear: a constant surge of adrenaline as a response to the fight or flight system (10).
2. Panic disorder
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3. Stress disorder
Anxiety (also known as post-traumatic stress disorder) caused by the exposure to either death or near death circumstances such as fires, floods,
earthquakes, shooting, automobile accidents, or wars for example. The traumatic event is re-experienced in thoughts and dreams. Common behaviors include the following:
- Avoiding activities, places, or people associated with the triggering event - Difficulty concentrating
- Difficulty sleeping - Being vigilant
- Feeling a general sense of doom and gloom with diminished emoticons such as loving feelings or aspirations for the future.
There are some symptoms that one can be said experiences a state of anxiety from Cristina. The one who feel anxious would be easily effected by feelings, be suspicious of others, e apprehensive and self reproaching, have an inadequately formed self-concept, and be tense and excitable (11).
2.1.4 New Criticism
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literature. According to Tyson New Criticism is not so new anymore, in fact, she
reports that it’s “no longer practiced by literary critics” (117). New Criticism
searches for meaning within the structure of the text, and finds it by examining the text though the close reading and analyzing the formal elements (elements that form the text) within the text. That is why New Criticism seems to be a kind of new formalism, although the purpose is different here. In New Criticism, one may
examine “all the evidence provided by the language of the text itself: its images,
symbols, metaphors, rhyme, meter, point of view, setting, characterization, plot
and so forth” (119), to find their relationship with the theme, in a way that
confirms the single best interpretation of the text, because New Criticism believes that there is such a single complete interpretation, which is timeless and is not related to individual readers or social events. New Criticism is the best way to begin study a work of literature, because it emphasizes the work as an
independent creation, a self-contained unit, something to be studied in itself, not as part of some large context, such as the author’s life or a historical period (137).
2.1.5.1 Character
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Characters are divided into two meaning, one means the actors who are presented in the story, and the others means behavior, emoticons, and moral principles of the characters. Consequently, character means the actor of the story and the characterization. Foster stated that characterization divided into flat character and round character. A flat character is relatively simple and usually has only one trait, usually static (at the end of the story the character is pretty much what she at the start), it means that the characters do not show the change of the previous character. Round character embodies several or even many traits that cohere to form complex personality. Round character is likely to be dynamic, changing, and considerable as the story progresses. Therefore, the character at the end of the story has changed, that is different with the character at the beginning of the story (Barnet 196).
2.1.5.2 Characterization
Characterization is the technique an author uses to help the readers become acquainted with a person or character in his writing. The presentation of character can be understood by the reader if an author uses characterization. The reader will be able to understand the behavior, personality, attitude and the character of the fictional person by the characterization of the author (Pooley 516). Basically there are four methods of characterization an author uses to reveal the personality and characters of a fictional person. An author will likely reveal a
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follows them, the speech and action, the effects on other characters, and the inner thoughts and feelings.
Perrine elaborates is revealed through direct presentation (of character) and indirect presentation (of character. In direct presentation, he tell us straight out by exposition or analysis, what a character is like or has someone else in the story tell us, what a character is like (86). Examples of direct presentation would be:
“Bill was short and fat, and his bald spot was widening with every passing
year.”
“I looked in the mirror and saw how dark the circles under my green eyes
had become.”
Whereas, indirect presentation, he shows us the character in action, the reader infer what the character is like from what he thinks or says (86). While it takes more time to develop a character through indirect characterization, it often leaves
a deeper impression on the reader than direct statements about what a character is
like. Here are examples of indirect characterization:
“Bill sighed as he looked at the offer of a gym membership. He really should
join. But just thinking about it made beads of sweat collect at the top of his
bald spot.”
“I yawned, trying to keep my eyes open in the meeting. I reached for my
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2.2 Review of Related Studies
The researcher has looked for the preview study about Handle with Care's novel by Jodi Picoult but the researcher gets difficulties to find previous studies that use Handle with Care as the object of the research. But the researcher finds some theses that relation with research.
The first is a thesis titled Mariam’s Anxiety And Her Defense Mechanism
In Khaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns by Aginta Erbinda from
University of Surabaya 2012. In her thesis she analyze the main character Mariam, problem talks about depiction of Mariam anxiety as the result of her family suppression in her life and problem reveals Mariam’s defense mechanism to deal with her anxiety which she suffers. She is uses anxiety theory and defense mechanism to analyze the novel. The second is a thesis titled Augustus Waters’s
In John Green’s Novel The Fault In Our Stars by Eka Imamatus Solikhah from
Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya 2015. She analyze the main character Augustus Waters is a good person who get osteosarcoma in his teen and he is falling in love that causes anxiety of Augustus waters. And the last is a thesis titled A Study On The Main Characters Anxiety In Ann Widdecombe's An Act Of Treacher by Mila Ratnasari from Petra Christian University Surabaya 2005. She focus analyze on Catherine as the main character who experiences psychological problem because of her authoritarian parents.
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and also similarities are the main characters who experience anxiety disorders because someone.
CHAPTER III
ANALYSIS
This chapter as the implementation of statement of the problems, analysis is the important components in this research. There are three subchapters in this chapter. The first subchapter, the researcher analyzed conveys the kind of anxiety
Charlotte’s experiences as a mother in Handle with Care. Then, the last
subchapter is the researcher analyzed effect of Charlotte’s anxiety towards her personality (character).
1.1 Kind of Charlotte’s Anxiety
In the first subchapter, researcher explains the types of anxiety
experienced by the main character Charlotte. Charlotte is a mother of a daughter who suffered from brittle bones or OI (Osteogenesis imperfecta). Charlotte is a mother who is strong, caring, stubborn, and also women who are ambitious for her daughter, Willow. Charlotte was very fond of her, she will do anything to maintain and protect the willow. Charlotte overprotective attitude toward her daughter influenced the development of her personality. As a result, Charlotte experience anxiety, emotional instability and excessive anxiety about her daughter.
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mother who is afraid that something bad happened to her daughter. Charlotte will not let her daughter to suffer because of illness in the suffering since she was born. Charlotte will always keep an eye on what is done by her daughter. She was too anxious to let her daughter do something, because even small actions can make willow break bones. Charlotte make willow cannot do anything because of her excessive anxiety. Charlotte anxiety even make she sue her best friend named Piper to earn money can be used by him to finance all the needs of willow.
Because the demands Charlotte often feels anxious and uneasy in her life. Everyone including her husband would oppose the decision to prosecute piper. But Charlotte was too fond of her daughter and wanted the best for her even though willow will be hated by everyone and also has an impact on the
psychology that is getting worse because of the demands of her accomplishments. Her life is always in anxiety because of fear of losing her daughter and also worried because of the demands it. Therefore, in this chapter the researcher will conduct the research through Charlotte neurotic anxiety, moral anxiety and reality anxiety
1.1.1 Charlotte’s Neurotic Anxiety
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Imperfecta) in birth of her daughter, Charlotte worried because she was afraid of breaking and injuring her daughter. As a mother with a child that is different from normal children, create a different psychological state such as fear, emotionally unstable and excessive anxiety.
I burst into tears. “I don’t want her to go through that again. I can’t let them do that to her, Sean.” (14)
Piper held my hand tightly as we stared down at you in the NICU. The chest tube was still snaking out from between your battered ribs;
bandages wrapped your arms and legs tight. I swayed a little on my feet.
“Are you okay?” Piper asked. (15)
When she saw her daughter was hurt definitely, a mother afraid and anxious about the state of her daughter. That is what happened Charlotte, when she saw her daughter to get pain due to fractures. She could not control her
emotions to see her daughter suffer. Charlotte wanted to make her daughter happy and also she thinks about the future of Willow with broken bones, can be costly. Therefore, Charlotte has uncontrolled mind, until she thought to demand best friend named Piper for earn money.
It won’t affect her, a voice in myhead murmured. That’s what
malpractice insurance is for. But it would affect us. In order to make sure
you could rely on me, I would lose the friend I’d relied on since before
you were born. (101)
With my heart pounding, I took a business card out of my back pocket and dialed the number before could lose my nerve.
“Marin Gates,” said a voice on the other end.
“Oh,” I stumbled, surprised. I had been anticipating an answering
machine this late at night. “I wasn’t expecting you to be there...”
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“I’m interested in....taking legal action.” (102)
Charlotte a great mom. She dared to sue it to her friend. Although
stimulation id make him lose sense. Charlotte starts planning requires a Piper with the help Marin, a lawyer who will contribute to the demand. Charlotte does not have nervous and uneasy, when first informed yesterday, she will file malpractice lawsuits her daughter to the doctor and best friend. Lawsuits that made her feel uneasy and anxious. Lawsuits that affect the family and life. Everyone including her husband against but remain firm charlotte for continue it.
“I can’t believe any parent would think that way,” Kelly said. “We all
have to scrape the bottoms of our bank accounts to make things work.
But I never, ever would wish I hadn’t had my son.”
I felt myself shaking uncontrollably. I wanted to be a mother, like Kelly, who took her son’s disability in stride. I wanted you to grow up like this other woman, forthright and confidence. I just also wanted the resources for you to be able to do it.
“Do you know what I’ve spent the past six months doing?” The woman
with OI said. “Training for the paralympics. I’m on the swim team. If your daughter came home with a gold medal one day, would that
convince you her life wasn’t a waste?” “You don’t understand-“
Actually,” kelly said, you don’t.” (375)
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I wilted against the cair and pressed my fingers to my temples. I can’t,” I whispered. I looked down at the grain of the wood on the railing before
me. “I can’t answer that question for you now, because now there is a willow...” I looked up the lawyer. “At eighteen weeks of pregnancy, I
didn’t know Willow like I do today. So I can’t answer your question
now, Mr. Booker. But the reality is, nobody gave me a chance to answer
it back then.” (505-506)
Piper prosecution in the trial, Charlotte was given the question as by the prosecution about her pregnancy, when she knew that her daughter was disabled if she would abort her daughter? The question makes Charlotte restless until she pressed her fingers to her forehead to relieve her nervousness.
So i sat on my hands, getting more and more agitated. Mybe the jury
though it was because I couldn’t watch this. The phone would stop
vibrating and then start a moment later. On the screen I watched you at physical therapy, walking forward toward the mat bitting your lower lip. The phone vibrated again, and I made a small sound in the back of my throat.
What if you’d fallen? What if the nurse didn’t know what to do? What if
it was something even worse than a simple break? (556)
Increased nervousness in the trial when she found the phone from home. Anxiety and panic experienced by her, until he could not concentrate on her trial. Perhaps this is the inner contact between mother and child. She could feel
something bad to her. Concerns over the uncontrolled instincts that could bring punishment, she was afraid of something that is not desirable happened to her daughter.
According to figures of psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud, that the
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indicates a fear reaction, and when the stimulus cannot be solved or cannot be controlled, so life threatening will eventually experience anxiety or anxiety. Charlotte has anxiety over the condition of her daughter and for her lawsuit.
From the above quotation, the researcher explains worry, anxiety, fear causing concern in Charlotte. Actually, fear, and anxiety is a natural feeling in the human mind when she did something wrong in society or people around. So, when adults are not able to cope or environmental conditions, it will put them into helplessness and will also create anxiety in herself. The researchers tried to
examine the inner conflicts Charlotte causes fear and anxiety in neurotic anxiety.
1.1.2 Charlotte’s Moral Anxiety
Moral anxiety is anxiety when we feel when the threat comes not from the outside world or from the physical world, but of the social world super-ego that has been internalized into us. This moral anxiety is another word of shame, guilt or fear of sanctions. This form of anxiety is the fear of own conscience. That anxiety experienced by Charlotte. Feelings guilty to filing a lawsuit for her friend. She was very concerned about the Piper, but she is also concerned with the fate of her daughter and what to do on her daughter to get all the needs required by her daughter.
Did she believe that, unconditionally? Not just about a rodding surgery but about any action that a good mother would undertake?
I didn’t know if I could even muster the courage to sue for wrongful birth. Saying abstractly that there were some children who shouldn’t be
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mother would face a judge and a jury, and announce that she wished her child had never existed?
Either the kind of mother who didn’t love her daughter all... or the kind
of mother who loved her daughter too much. The kind of mother who
would say anything and everything if it meant you’d have a better life.
(100-101)
Charlotte does not know if she's a good mother or bad with that malpractice lawsuit. Charlotte inner conflicts cause anxiety in her. Charlotte knows if she did claim that, many people will hate her and call her as a bad mother and a bad mother to her daughter. And also she will be hated by her family, community, social environment even by all the mothers who have the same children, that person with fragile bones. Charlotte do all to protect and cares for his daughter, even though she did not realize her daughter for what is right or wrong in fact she asks himself about it.
How could I claim to know what was best for you, what you deserved, when at any moment I might be thrown a curveball-and learn that I
hadn’t protected you as well as I should have? Was I considering this lawsuit because of you, or to atone for all the things I’d done wrong up to
this point? (150)
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I had not talked to you about the lawsuit. I told myself that I was trying to keep you blissfully ignorant for as long as possible-much the same reason
I hadn’t told Ms. Watkins about it. But the longer I put off this conversation, the greater the likelihood you’d find out about it from a classmate, and I couldn’t let that happen.
Had I really been trying to protect you? Or had I just been protecting
myself? Would this be the momet I’d point to, months from no, as the
beginning of the unraveling between us: yes, we were sitting on Appleton Lane, under a sugar maple, the moment that my daughter started to hate me. (232)
It can be said that the cause of anxiety is the heart Charlotte word that hides the truth about when she filed malpractice lawsuits to her daughter. She feared that her daughter knew of others and hate. Charlotte fearful and anxious about the fact that willow would think if he demanded Piper because regrets having children as she (willow).
I heard a curtain open, and I stepped up to the empty confessional. I slid
open the grate between me and the priest. “Forgive me, Father, for I have sinned.” I said. “It has been three weeks since my last confession.” I took a deep breath. “My daughter is sick,” I said. “Very sick. And I’ve started a lawsuit against the doctor who treated me when I was pregnant. I’m doing it for the money,” I admitted. “But to get it, I have to say that I’d have had an abortion, if I’d known about my baby’s illness earlier.” There was a viscous silence. “It’s a sin to lie,” the priest said.
“I know... that’s not what brought me to confession today.” “Then what did?”
“When I say those things,” I whispered, “I’m afraid I might be telling the truth.” (422-423)
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she was forced to do it for the sake of her child even though he knew she would be punished by the gods for acts committed it. Lie in doing it will be bad for her, the priest told her to repent but Charlotte worried because she had run to that demand.
Feeling of anxiety experience by Charlotte is the impact of fear and feelings of guilt for what he did. Sometimes anxiety brought someone to the restlessness of the soul. Anxiety will bring themselves into wrong and felt awry. But in fact it is a form of anxiety a person's attempt to become stronger with suffering anxiety experienced.
These concerns arise from the super-ego is conscience that tells us about the existence of something that does not right. According to Hall & Lindzey, moral anxiety appears if someone worried about doing something immoral. Therefore, people who have moral concerns will tend to avoid what is contrary to the moral.
1.1.3 Charlotte’s Reality Anxiety
Reality anxiety is the fear of the dangers of the external world, and the level of anxiety in accordance with existing threats. In everyday life we call this kind of anxiety as fear. Fear is a natural thing for someone, like the main character Charlotte in the Handle with Care novel. Reality anxiety that she has in the
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The operating room was clinical, metallic. A nurse with green eyes-that was all I could see above her mask and below her cap-lifted my gown and swabbed my belly with Betadine. I started to panic as they hung the sterile drape in place. What if I didn’t have enough anesthesia running through the lower half of my body and I felt the scalpel slicing me? What if, in spite of all I’d hoped for, you were born and did not survive? (5) In the operating room when the doctor began to be dissected stomach charlotte, she was terrified. She was afraid that her drug has yet to react and he could feel pain in the stomach. Charlotte sparked fears herself to imagine something that is not necessarily the reality. In addition, to the fear of the
operation, Charlotte also fears about the fate of a baby who will be born. She fear that she cannot protect the baby and make the baby hurt. Charlotte’s fear makes her anxious and agitated.
As a mother, Charlotte fear of suffering the condition of brittle bones daughter since she was born. Charlotte fear may be bad for her psychological situation. She often felt afraid of small things about her daughter. She was afraid of every little thing that can make her daughter wounded. Anxiety and fear made her surplus to protect her daughter.
By the time I settled you in the back of the van, your eyes were nearly
closed. “Baby , tell me where it hurts,” I begged, but you didn’t answer.
Starting at the wrist, I gently felt up your arm, trying to find the tender spot. I had just hit a divot beneath your shoulder when you whimpered. But you had broken bones in the skin or twisted at a ninety-degree with the kind of severe break that made you slip into a stupor. Had the bone pierced an organ? (146)
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worried situation. Charlotte is frightened condition daughter like that. Charlotte cannot control her emotions when she saw her daughter in pain. She was too scared to see her daughter who withstands pain. Nevertheless she was quite responsive to the circumstances of her daughter even though she was frightened and anxious.
“Willow!” I yelled. “Willow!”
Goddamn Sean, for not backing a load of fill into the pond like I’d asked
him to.
Suddenly, there you were, at the edge of the reeds that fringed the thin ice.
You had one foot balanced on the surface. “Willow,” I said softly, so that
I didn’t startle you, but when you turned around, your boot slipped and you pitched forward with your hands outstretched to break your fall. I had seen it coming. I had seen it, and so I was already moving as you turned to face me. I stepped onto ice, which was still too new and thin to support any weight, and felt the lettuce edge shatter underneath my foot. My boot filled with frigid water, but I was able to wrap my arms around you, to keep you from falling. (281)
Anxiety response is already shown by Charlotte pretty basic. She was afraid that her daughter was injured and breaks bones. As Charlotte frightened when she saw her daughter in pain, she was also scared and worried when she did not see her daughter. Charlotte worried when she knows her daughter is not back in time to say goodbye to pick up the newspaper in front of the house. Charlotte ran anxiously searching for her daughter, she was afraid her daughter falls or worse she splashed in the pond behind the house. Although in the end she found her daughter, who almost fell into the pool, but a sense of fear persists in
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daughter at any time. In Charlotte as fear and anxiety made her become paranoid at all what her daughter.
I didn’t want to go back home, because there, I’d have to see the blood. I
imagined it was everywhere-on the shower curtain, the tiled floor, the drain of the bathtub. I pictured myself using a bleach solution and a damp cloth and having to wring it into the sink dozens of times, my hands burning and my eyes scalded. I imagined the water running pink, and even after a solid thirty minutes of cleaning I would still smell the fear of losing you (568).
The fear at seing her daughter hurt is a natural thing for a mother. Charlotte every time sees her daughter in pain from broken bones certainly felt anxious and hurt. Her daughter tried to commit suicide by slashing wrists in the bathroom when Charlotte was not there.
Feelings of worry fear and anxiety on the news of her daughter suicide. Charlotte shocked and panicked when discovered her daughter tried to commit suicide. Already with her daughter when she felt the fear of things that happened to her daughter. Charlotte fears also continued when she was sent home by her husband. Charlotte was afraid to go home and into the shower, for fear the sight of blood daughter. She was afraid to see her daughter in the bath of blood, when her blood was in the clear by her husband. Fear of the loss of her daughter who due to a suicide attempt. Charlotte was afraid bathroom of her house, for that reason. Charlotte fears that she has become a bad mother for her daughter.
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did something wrong in their surrounding communities. So, when adults cannot cope with environmental conditions, it will put them into helplessness fears and anxieties to her.
1.2 The Cause of Charlotte Anxiety
1.2.1 Cause of Charlotte Neurotic Anxiety
Neurotic anxiety experienced by the main character Charlotte caused by herself. Charlotte cannot control her anxiety that be fear, anxiety, also arising from stimuli id, Charlotte never feel 'bereft of ideas, nervous, unable to control herself, behavior, sense and even her thoughts, then Charlotte is experiencing neurotic anxiety. Neurotic is another word for feeling nervous.
Cause of anxiety is when she learns new second child was born suffering from brittle bones. Anxiety that is based on the pressure of the naturally Id. She felt anxious and afraid when she saw her daughter was injured which causes brittle bones. Charlotte neurotic anxiety depicted with her instincts as a mother who connected with her daughter. Anxiety was depicted when Charlotte panicked, scared, nervous and worried when she saw a nurse tried touching her daughter.
“Be carefull.”
She smiled indulgently. “Relax, Mom. I’ve only checked a diaper ten thousand times.”
But this was before I had learned to be your voice, and as she untecked the fold of the swaddling, she pulled to fast. You rolled to your side and started to shriek-not the whimper you’d made earlier, when you were
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I could not imagine anything worse than your cries, but then your skin turned as blue as your eyes, and your breath became a string of gasps.
The nurse leaned over with her stethoscope. “What’s the matter? What’s
wrong with her? I demanded. (11-12)
This quotation describes the cause of anxiety Charlotte is because her daughter was injured. As a mother to see her daughter injured is something so painful. Charlotte was so worried when the nurse touched, because the touch can make bones broken. From the beginning of the sentence, Charlotte says the word "Be Careful". It was caused because she was nervous when he saw someone who does not know her daughter touched disease. Charlotte anxiety it causes.
The second cause of neurotic anxiety disorder is when charlotte tried to sue doctors who handled her and best friend during the process of pregnancy until delivery.
It won’t affect her, a voice in my head murmured. That’s what
malpractice insurance is for. But it would affect us. In order to make sure you could rely on me, I would lose the friend I’d relied on since before you were born. (101)
With my heart pounding, I took a business card out of my back pocket and dialed the number before could lose my nerve.
“Marin Gates,” said a voice on the other end.
“Oh,” I stumbled, surprised. I had been anticipating an answering
machine this late at night. “I wasn’t expecting you to be there...” “Mrs. O’Keefe?”
“I’m interested in....taking legal action.” (102)
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depressed in her because she's like having a bad personality. But there is a reason behind her making legal claims to her friend. It was all done for the survival of her daughter. Psychology unstable situation makes him unable to control her
emotions. Anxieties came as id in her distress because of an aberration.
Id personality Charlotte on tap her, making Id in her rebellious and deviant create feelings of anxiety, nervousness and also could not control her or her emotions. Nervous and anxious was influenced by inner conflicts that exist on her. Charlotte cause neurotic anxiety when she could not control her emotions when she saw the pain and also when Charlotte filed a lawsuit malpractice to her best friend.
1.2.2 Cause of Charlotte Moral Anxiety
Moral anxiety disorder is when the threat comes not from the outside world or from the physical world, but of the social world super-ego that has been internalized into us. This moral anxiety is another word of shame, guilt or fear of sanctions. This form of anxiety is the fear of own conscience hersef. Guilt or fear of self-Charlotte was when she demanded her own companions. Unstable
emotional state when Charlotte has children with brittle bones as well as a mother she must fight for her life.
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Did she believe that, unconditionally? Not just about a rodding surgery but about any action that a good mother would undertake?
I didn’t know if I could even muster the courage to sue for wrongful birth. Saying abstractly that there were some children who shouldn’t be
born was hard enough, but this went one step further. This meant saying one particular child-my child-shouldn’t have been born. What kind of mother would face a judge and a jury, and announce that she wished her child had never existed?
Either the kind of mother who didn’t love her daughter all... or the kind
of mother who loved her daughter too much. The kind of mother who
would say anything and everything if it meant you’d have a better life.
(100-101)
She doubted whether the lawsuits she was doing was right. Whether her friend would understand about the current condition and also whether she will forgive me. That conclusion from this quotation, moral anxiety that in natural Charlotte caused because of the demand. Charlotte worried whether she was the mother of good or evil, and whether she is a friend of the worst. That became anxiety experienced Charlotte. Super ego inside Charlotte cannot synchronize with the id that create anxiety and guilt at her daughter and her friend
Guilt at what she does. Charlotte came to church to devote all the feelings experienced during this time in the confessional.
I heard a curtain open, and I stepped up to the empty confessional. I slid
open the grate between me and the priest. “Forgive me, Father, for I have sinned.” I said. “It has been three weeks since my last confession.” I took
a deep breath. “My daughter is sick,” I said. “Very sick. And I’ve started
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“Then what did?”
“When I say those things,” I whispered, “I’m afraid I might be telling the truth.” (422-423)
Charlotte moral cause of anxiety is the second time she comes to church to confess her sins. Guilt that cause anxiety, expressed in the booth sin in which no priest who heard her confession. In there, charlotte confessed her sin and fear of sanctions that would be the receipt and errors in her actions made her feel depressed. And the cause of moral anxiety Charlotte can be concluded that the cause of guilt Charlotte demanding malpractice law to her friend.
1.2.3 Cause of Charlotte Reality Anxiety
Charlotte reality cause of anxiety is when she was in the operating room. She saw scalpel and imagine if the knife was splitting her stomach. Fear and anxiety experienced by Charlotte is a natural thing for humans. Fear of danger and anxiety level in accordance with the existing threats in accordance with reality anxiety in Charlotte. In everyday life we call this kind of anxiety as fear.
The operating room was clinical, metallic. A nurse with green eyes-that was all I could see above her mask and below her cap-lifted my gown and swabbed my belly with Betadine. I started to panic as they hung the
sterile drape in place. What if I didn’t have enough anesthesia running
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Daughter. Charlotte fear in the operating room is a cause of anxiety realistic. It is also causes reality anxiety in Charlotte is when she was afraid of the bathroom in her house. Charlotte is not afraid of the bathroom, but it happened that has been experienced in that bathroom.
I didn’t want to go back home, because there, I’d have to see the blood. I
imagined it was everywhere-on the shower curtain, the tiled floor, the drain of the bathtub. I pictured myself using a bleach solution and a damp cloth and having to wring it into the sink dozens of times, my hands burning and my eyes scalded. I imagined the water running pink, and even after a solid thirty minutes of cleaning I would still smell the fear of losing you (568).
Charlotte strong personality makes her able to face all the problems of life in nature. But in contrast to the current Charlotte, she was afraid the blood bath house and a cause of anxiety realistic in Charlotte. As in this quotation that Charlotte does not want to return home for fear of the bathroom of her house, she was afraid in the bathroom saw the blood that is reminiscent of the daughter tried to commit suicide.
The fear experienced by Charlotte is a realistic anxiety in getting from the trauma of what happened to her daughter. A mother who saw her daughter committed suicide must have felt fear in things or related to the incident. So, Charlotte realistic cause of anxiety is when she was afraid of childbirth or the fear of the tool that created the surgery and she was afraid of the bathrooms is
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1.3 The Effect of Charlotte’s Anxiety Towards Her Personality (Character)
1.3.1 Caring
Charlotte is a very caring mother or has a very big concern for their children who suffer from brittle bones. It can be seen from the quote below:
Your sister had been ice skating since, well, since she was your age. She
and Piper’s daughter, Emma, took lessons together twice a week, and
there was nothing you wanted more than to copy your sister. Skating,
however, happened to be a sport you’d never, ever be allowed to try.
Once, you’d broken your arm when you were pretending to skate on one foot across the kitchen linoleum in your socks.
“Between my foul language and your dad’s, you’re going to have enough cold, hard cash to buy a plane ticket out of here pretty soon,” I jocked,
trying to distract you. “where to? Vegas?” (53)
From the quote it can be explained that the Charlotte as a mother who cares for her daughter. Charlotte forbids her daughter, willow, to skate because she knows it would jeopardize the willow, she could break the bone again to skate. The daughter considers Charlotte as a bad mother because Charlotte always forbid her daughter to do everything, but Charlotte only protect her daughter from an accident that could break bones her daughter. Charlotte was very fond of her daughter, so she does not want her daughter to have a bad event.
In this novel, Jodi Picoult portrayed characters Charlotte so well, the
reader can feel what Charlotte’s feel as a mother in this novel. Charlotte does not
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“And we’ll pay her with what?” Charlotte snapped. “Come to think of it,
how are we going to afford a new car big enough to carry Willow’s chair and walker and crutches, since ours is going on two hundred thousand miles? How are we going to pay off her surgeries, the parts insurances
won’t cover? How are we going to make sure her house a handicapped
ramp and a kitchen sink low enough for a wheelchair?” (131) The entire question from Charlotte to her husband is to show how
Charlotte concern of Willow’s need. In the quotation above describes Charlotte
express her daughter life in the future. A mother always thought the need of her daughter in the day and in the next days. In this novel the author describes the occurrences of Charlotte’s life where he daughter have brittle bones sick since birth. And how Charlotte take care her daughter. The maintenance of Willow sick is very expensive and Charlotte family need a lot of money to take care her. Charlotte was very concerned about her daughter, she thought to get money from the low claims of in the show for her friend, Piper.
“I am,” Charlotte said. “I did. You heard what Marin said. Most of these
cases settle out of court anyway. It’s money. Money that we could put to
good use for Willow.
“Yeah, and Piper becomes the sacrificial lamb.” Charlotte got quite. “She has malpractice insurance.”
“I don’t think that protects her against backstabbing by her best friend.”
She drew the sheet around her, sitting up in bed. “She would do it if it
was her daughter.”
I stared at her. “I don’t think she would. I don’t think most people would.”
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Charlotte demanded Piper with allegations of malpractice on her wrong diagnosis of disease in the suffering willow. Whereas in the quotation, Piper described as a sacrificial lamb. The author uses the metaphor to equate Piper as scapegoat, which means those who blame even though she was innocent. The author makes the characters of Charlotte is good but also evil. Charlotte care for her daughter but also selfish because she betrayed her friendship to get money. Charlotte get a lot of pressure from her husband and the public because her claim against the piper, despite the demands, Charlotte will keep moving forward to win their demands. All the act is done by Charlotte because she as a mother who cares for her daughter's future.
Marin gates had offered me a brass ring that I never, in my wildest dreams, would have considered but now that she had, how could I not try to grab it? With every future break, with every dollar we moved further into debt, I would be thinking about how I should have reached out.
Sean shook his head. “That’s what I though.” “I’m thinking of Willow’s future...”
“Well, I’m thinking about here and now. She doesn’t give a shit about
money. She cares about whether her parents love her. But that’s not the
message she’s going to hear when you get up in that dam’n courtroom.” “Then you tell me, Sean, what’s the answer? Are we just supposed to sit
around and hope Willow stops breaking? Or that you-“ I broke off abruptly (276-277).
