Preface ... v Forewords - Head of Organizing Committee ... vii Forewords - Rector of Udayana University ... ix
PLENARY PRESENTATIONS
1. GENETIC MODIFICATION FOR IMPROVING IRON CONTENT IN RICE AND VALIDATING TOLERANCE GENE
Dr. Inez Hortense S. Loedin ... 3 2. DEVELOPMENT OFIN PLANTA TRANSFORMATION METHOD USING
Agrobacterium tumefaciensTHAT IS SIMPLE AND EFFICIENT AS WELL AS APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PLANTS
Mineo Kojima ... 4 3. BIOTECHNOLOGY: IMPORTANCE IN SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Fusao Tomita, Ph. D. ... 5 4. APPLICATIONS OF MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN SUSTAINABLE HORTICULTURAL
PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
Fred Davies ... 6 5. ZYMOGRAPHY OF EXTRACELLULAR PROTEASES IN Bacillus subtilis
Takeko Kodama, Keiji Endo, Katsutoshi Ara, Katsuya Ozaki and Junichi Sekiguchi ... 7 6. METAL BIOTRANSFORMATION BY RHIZOBACTERIA FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION
Irfan Dwidya Prijambada ... 8 7. STRATEGY OF THE RICE BLAST FUNGUS TO DEAL WITH
BLAST RESISTANT CULTIVARS OF RICE
Teruo Sone ... 9 8. Prof. K. Kawakita ... 10 9. AGE REVERSAL TO STAY YOUNG AND HEALTHY
Wimpie Pangkahila ... 11 10. THE REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF A MARSUPIAL,
THE TASMANIAN BETTONG (Bettongiagaimardi)
R. W. Rose ... 12 11. DNA MICROARRAY BASED EXPRESSIONAL PROFILING
OF hrpXoDEPENDENT UP-REGULONS INXanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae
Byoung Ho So, Jongun Kim, and Hee Wan Kang ... 13 12. Prof. K. Maeda ... 14 13. A PERSPECTIVE ON GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY- WHERE FROM HERE?
Acram Taji and Tanya Tapingkae ... 15 14. POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF FINGERROOT [Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) MANSF. A]
FOR INDUSTRIAL NATURAL COSMETIC PRODUCTS
Yaya Rukayadi ... 16 15. USE OF MUTATEDALS GENES AS SELECTABLE MARKER FOR GENETIC
TRANSFORMATION OF PLANTS, AND NON-GM HERBICIDE RESISTANT RICE HAVING A MUTATION IN THEALS GENE
16. CLONING OF FLOWERING GENES (WjFLCANDWjFT) IN WASABI (Japanese horseradish) AND MONITORING OF FLOWERING
RESPONSE WITH THEIR EXPRESSION
Masayuki Nozue, Hiroyoshi Kubo and Kiyoshi Yoshida ... 18 17. UTILIZATION OF ELECTRIC PULSED POWER ON FRUITING
OF EDIBLE MUSHROOMS
Shoji Ohga ... 19
ORAL PRESENTATION: FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
1. HUMAN FACTORS CONSIDERATION IN FOOD INDUSTRY TO MINIMIZE HEALTH PROBLEMS AS IMPACT OF HUMAN-MACHINE INTERACTION
Triarti Saraswati and Timothy Ekaputra ... 23 2. THE STUDY OF STABILITY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN BUTTERFLY PEA
(Clitoria ternatea) EXTRACT SYRUP
Nani Pasaribu, Muzi Marpaung, and Fanny Indriyani ... 26 3. EFFECT OF INITIAL CONCENTRATION OF CO2 AND STORAGE TEMPERATURES
ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PACKED BROCCOLI
Ida Bagus Putu Gunadnya, John Janes and Cokorda Istri P. Mudati ... 40 4. FEEDING YACON TUBER-CONTAINING OLIGOFRUCTOSE INCREASES
INTESTINAL FERMENTATION AND ALTERS MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN RATS
Ni Wayan Arya Utami, Michiko Tanaka, Teruo Sone, Cindy Nakatsu, and Kozo Asano ... 41 5. CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROORGANISMS IN BLACK TEA BROTH (KOMBUCHA)
IN BALI
Pande Putu Ayu Sukmawati, Ni Putu Eka Leliqia, and Yan Ramona ... 42
ORAL PRESENTATION: BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT
1. PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE PRODUCTION OF BIOETHANOL
USINGCodium geppiorumAS THE CARBON SOURCE AND NUSA PENIDA LIMESTONE AS THE ADSORBENT
I Wayan Karta, Ni Made Puspawati, Wiwik Susanah Rita, NGAM Dwi Adhi Suastuti,
and Yenni Ciawi ... 45 2. SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE CHANGE AS A PREAMBLE TO URBAN
WATERSHED REJUVENATION, KANSHI OF THE JHELUM RIVER BASIN, POTOHAR PLATEAU, PAKISTAN
Khalida Khan, Sachiko Takahi Rabia Faridi and Razi Iqbal ... 51 3. REDUCING WATER HARDNESS USING EXTRACT OFKETAPANG
(tropical betel nut) LEAVES
Iryanti Eka Suprihatin ... 52
ORAL PRESENTATION: HEALTH
1. FERTILITY ENHANCING EFFECTS OFGynura procumbens METHANOLIC EXTRACT ON DIABETIC INDUCED MALE RATS
2. ANTI-NEUROINFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF CARDAMONIN, A CHALCONE DERIVATIVE ISOLATED FROMAlpinia raf esiana
Syahida Ahmad, Yuh-lit Chow, Sharmili Vidyadaran and Nordin Haji Lajis ... 60 3. OCCULT HEPATITIS B DETECTED IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
PATIENTS IN MOEWARDI GENERAL HOSPITAL SURAKARTA
A ono Agung Prasetyo, Yulia Sari, Paramasari Dirgahayu, Hudiyono, Dhani Redhono,
and Seiji Kageyama ... 66 4. A PILOT PROJECT IN MONITORING SERUM CONCENTRATION
FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION AMIKACIN ONCE DAILY DOSING IN ELECTRICAL BURN PATIENTS AT SUTOMO HOSPITAL
Rasmaya Niruri, Budi Suprapti, and Iswinarno D.S ... 71 5. STUDY PROTOCOL: DEVELOPMENT MULTIPLEX DIPSTICK FOR EARLY
DETECTIONHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS -1 ANDHEPATITIS B VIRUS BASED ON COMBINATION OF MULTIPLEX LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION AND LATERAL FLOW DIPSTICK
Narendra Yoga Hendarta, Siti Helmyati, Ludhang Pradipta Rizki, Asmarani Kusumawati,
and Tri Wibawa ... 77 6. VOLTAMMETRIC BEHAVIOR OF THE TRANSFER OF METHYL EPHEDRINE
ION ACROSS THE WATER |NITROBENZENE INTERFACE
Irdhawati and Hirosuke Tatsumi ... 81 7. ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT
OFSpondias pinnata(L.f) KURZ. LEAVES
Ni Putu Ariantari, Ketut Gegel Yoga Widyadana, Made Ari Puji Astuti, Lidya Tumewu,
and Aty Widyawaruyanti ... 86 8. STUDY ON PRESCRIBING AND ANTIBIOTIC DOSAGE ACCURACY IN EAR,
NOSE AND THROAT CASES PRESCRIPTIONS (CASE STUDIES IN SEVEN PHARMACIES IN DENPASAR IN THE PERIOD OF JANUARY–JUNE 2010)
Rini Noviyani and Ida Ayu Alit Widhiartini ... 90 9. PRELIMINARY STUDY OF NUTRITION HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
MONITORING IN YOGYAKARTA
Fatma Zuhrotun Nisa ... 98 10. A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON JEMBRANA DISEASE VIRUS DETECTION METHODS
Asmarani Kusumawati, Tenri Ashari Wanahari, and Issabellina Tampubolon ... 101 11. IN VIVO ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF
Spondias pinnata (L.F) KURZ. LEAVES
I Wayan Dwisada Purnamayadi, Wayan Ria Medisina, Ni Made Suartini,
and Ni Putu Ariantari ... 106 12. EXTRACT ETHANOL SEAWEEDS LOWERING LEVEL OF SERUM HMG-COA
REDUCTASE ENZYME OF WISTAR RATS HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
Ketut Sri Marhaeni Julyasih and I Gede Putu Wirawan ... 107 13. BIFIDOGENIC NATURE OF INDIGENOUS BALINESE ROOT CROPS
I N. Sujaya, N.L.K. Aquarisnametri, K.A. Nocianitri and Yan Ramona ... 108 14. DETECTION OF JEMBRANA DISEASE VIRUS AMPLICON
BY LATERAL FLOW (IMMUNO) ASSAY
15. AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF BALINESE PURPLE SWEET POTATO
(Ipomoea batatas L.) PREVENTS OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DECREASES BLOOD ... INTERLEUKIN-1 IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC RABBITS
I Made Jawi and Agung Wiwiek Indrayani ... 110
ORAL PRESENTATION: AGRICULTURE
1. THE USE OF CHITINO-PROTEOLYTIC ACTINOMYCETES AS BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENS FOR ROOT-KNOT NEMATODESMeloidogyne sp.
Bambangrahayu Trisno Pujiastomo, and Donny Widianto ... 113 2. Micropropagation ofVanda tricolor Lindl. var.suavis forma Bali Carrying
KNOTTED1- LIKE Arabidopsis thaliana (KNAT1) Gene
Rindang Dwiyani, Aziz Purwantoro, Ari Indrianto, and Endang Semiarti ... 119 3. ETHYL METHANESULFONATE DELAYED GERMINATION AND ALTERED
SEEDLING MORPHOLOGY OFCapsicum annuum L.
Made Pharmawati, I Ketut Suada, and Made Ria De ani ... 122 4. IN VITRO ANTAGONISM OF BACTERIAL BIOCONTROL AGENTS ON SEVERAL
FUNGAL PLANT PATHOGENS
Siska Darmayanti, Yan Ramona, and Sri Anggreni Lindawati ... 126 5. THE EFFECT OF SEED TREATMENT WITH LIQUID PRODUCT OF SHRIMP
WASTE FERMENTATION ON CHILI
Budi Prakoso, Sakhidin and Rostaman ... 131 6. DETECTION OFtoxR,tdhANDtrh Genes OFVibrio parahaemolyticusOBTAINED
FROM WHITE SHRIMP (Penaeus indicus) SAMPLES IN JAMBI, INDONESIAN COASTAL AREA
Marlina, Desi Sagita, Isamandella Erna, Yaya Rukayadi, and Son Radu ... 135 7. FIRST REPORT ON OCCURRENCE OF GRAPEVINE LEAF ROLL-ASSOCIATED
VIRUS TYPE 3 ON GRAPEVINE IN INDONESIA
I Gede Rai Maya Temaja, I Putu Sudiarta, and Dewa Nyoman Nyana ... 141
POSTER PRESENTATION: FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
1. THE INFLUENCE OF SOLVENT TYPES AND pH ON THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ANTHOCYANIN OF SUPER RED DRAGON FRUIT (Hylocereus costaricensis) FLESH EXTRACT
Ni W. Wisaniyasa, IN Kencana Putra and Cok. Satria Nugraha ... 145 2. EFFECT FIRST TREATMENT ON CHANGE OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
OF TAMARILLO (Chyphomandra betacea S.) THAT PROCESSED BECAME ‘SAOS
GAK. Diah Puspawati, IM. Indri Hapsari, and P. Timur Ina ... 152 3. CHANGES OF TEXTURE AND RESPIRATION RATE OF ZALACCA FRUIT
IN MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE USING POLYETHYLINE PLASTIC PACKAGING AT VARIOUS PERFORATION
Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja ... 154 4. THE EFFECT OF PULP AND TAMARIND LEAVES RATIO (Tamarindus indica L)
AND COOKING TIME ON THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES Sri Mulyani, A.A.P.Agung Suryawan W., Bambang Admadi, H.,
5. EFFECT OF CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose) CONCENTRATION ON CHARACTERISTIC OF PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus L.Merr)JUICE
Timur Ina, GAK. Diah Puspawati, and IW. Dedi Juliana ... 163 6. STUDY ON STORAGE METHOD OF INSTANTLEDOK
I Ketut Suter, I Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya and Ni Made Yusa ... 168 7. THE INFLUENCE OF SOLVENT TYPE AND RATIO OF MATERIAL WITH SOLVENT
ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TAMARILLO EXTRACT (Chyphomandra betacea Sendth)
Ni M. Yusa, G.A.K. Diah Puspawati and I W. Dirga ... 172 8. DETERMINATION OF POTATO SWEET VARIETIES AS DIET FOOD
OF DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Bambang Admadi Harsojuwono, I Gusti Ngurah Agung and Sri Mulyani ... 177 9. ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FERMENTEDPANGIUM EDULEREINW. SEEDS ....
EXTRACT AGAINST FOODBORNE PATHOGENS
Nurul Syazwani Bt. M. Zainin, Al Khatib, and Yaya Rukayadi ... 183 10. SHELF- LIFE STABILITY OF MILK CHOCOLATE CONTAINING INULIN
Norhayati Hussain, Yaya Rukayadi and Mohd Khan Ayob ... 190 11. SURVIVAL OF FREEZE-DRIEDLactobacillus rhamnosusR21 IN THE PRESENCE SKIM
MILK AS PROTECTANT DURING STORAGE
Ni Nyoman Puspawati, Lilis Nuraida, Dede Robiatul Adawiyah ... 196 12. EXTRACTION OF NATURAL COLORANT FROM RED CABBAGE
(Brassica oleracea var. capitata l. f. rubra (l.) thell) BY USING TARTARIC ACID
Gusti Ayu Ekawati, Putu Timur Ina, Marlinsa Mallang... 203 13. THE USAGE OF BEANS FLOUR AS PROTEIN SOURCE IN WET NOODLES
PROCESSING
Anak Agung Made Dewi Anggreni, I Wayan Arnata, dan I Agus Gede Amanda Paratama ... 207 14. IDENTIFICATION OF GEL FORMING COMPONENT (GFC)
OFKACAPIRING LEAF (Gardenia jasminoidesEllis)
Widnyana Yoga, Nuri Andarwulan, and Endang Prangdimurti ... 211 15. THE APPLICATION OFRhizopus oligosporusMK 1 TO REDUCE AFB1 CONTAMINATION
IN TEMPEH FERMENTATION
Putu Ari Sandhi Wipradnyadewi ... 217 16. STUDY PROTOCOL: EFFECT OF IRON FORTIFICATION OF FERMENTED MILK
WITH LOCAL PROBIOTICLactobacillus plantarumDAD 13 AND PREBIOTIC FRUCTO OLIGOSACCHARIDE ON THE IRON CONTENT AND TOTAL LACTIC ACID BACTERIA DURING STORAGE
Siti Helmyati, Endri Yuliati, Narendra Yoga Hendarta, Siti Fadhilatun Nashriyah,
Kurnia Widyastuti, and Euis Nurdiyawati ... 220 17. EXTRACTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
OF THE LOCAL WHITE, RED, AND BLACK RICE BRAN EXTRACTS BY VARIOUS SOLVENTS
I Wayan Rai Widarta, KA Nocianitri, and LP Intan Pramita Sari ... 225 18. THE USAGE OF PURPLE SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas) IN RATION FERMENTED
BYAspergillus niger FOR IMPROVING FEED CONVERSION AND BLOOD LIPID PROFILE OF BALI DUCK
19. COMPARING EXTRACTION METHODS TO ISOLATE ANDROGRAPHOLIDE FROM THE BITTER HERB (Andrographis paniculataBurm.f Ness)
Ni Kadek Warditiani and Suwidjiyo Pramono ... 232
POSTER PRESENTATION: BIODIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENT
1. ALLELES VARIATION OF COCONUT ACCESSIONS
(Cocos nucifera L., Arecaceae) BASED ON MICROSATELLITE DNA Eniek Kriswiyanti, I Gede Rai Maya Temaja, Made Sudana
and G.N. Alit Susanta Wirya ... 235 2. GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SOROH CELAGI (PASEK CATUR SANAK CLAN)
BASED ON Y-CHROMOSOMAL MICROSATELITES DNA
I Ketut Junitha, Made Pharmawati and Wayan Rosiana ... 235 3. THE STUDY OF SOCIO-ENGINEERING OF SUBAK SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
WITH Agro-ecotourism ORIENTED
Sumiyati, Lilik Sutiarso, Wayan Windia and Putu Sudira ... 245 4. BIOCATALYTIC DESULFURIZATION OF DIBENZOTHIOPHENE
BYPseudomonas sp. STRAIN KWN5
Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam, I Gusti Ayu Lani Triani, Nyoman Semadi Antara,
Agus Selamet Duniaji, Yohanes Setiyo and Dewa Adi Supata ... 250 5. INDUCE POLIPLOIDY OFLilium longi orumTHUNB. USING ORYZALIN
TREATMENT
Gusti Ayu Mirah Dwidaputri, Eniek Kriswiyanti and Ida Ayu Astarini ... 254 6. COMPOSTING ACCELERATION OF KITCHEN WASTE USING
MICROBIAL INOCULANT
Ni Made Indri Hapsari Arihantana, Ni Luh Yulianti ... 257
7. HEAVY METAL BIOREMEDIATION LEAD (Pb) TO AGRICULTURAL LAND
ON THE EDGE OF LAKE BUYAN BALI WITH PLANT Sansevieria lorentii
Ni Luh Suriani ... 262
8. THE IDENTIFICATION AND INVESTIGATION OF PARASITIZATION RATE
OF PARASITOIDS OF HAIRY CATERPILLARLYMANTRIA MARGINATA WLK.
(LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE) IN BULELENG BALI
I Wayan Susila And I Putu Sudiarta ... 263
POSTER PRESENTATION: HEALTH
1. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MODULE-JIGSAW COOPERATIVE LEARNING
STRATEGY, IMPROVING THE PREVENTATIVE BEHAVIOR TOWARDS DENGUE HEMORRHAGEIC FEVER
Dewa Nyoman Oka ... 267
2. CLASSIC HODGKIN S LYMPHOMA SIMULATING ANAPLASTIC LARGE
CELL LYMPHOMA
I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra Dewi ... 272
3. EXTENDING TIME OF KOMBUCHA TEA FERMENTATION IMPROVES THE
GROWTH OF INHIBITION CAPACITY OFEscherichia coli; THE PRODUCER OF
EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASES (ESBL) BYIN VITRO METHOD
4. ROLE OF P53 IN CELLULAR AGING
Ni Putu Sriwidyani ... 282
5. ANTIBACTERIAL TERPENOID COMPOUNDS FROM RHIZOME
OFCurcuma zedoaria (Berg). Roscoe
I Made Sukadana and Sri Rahayu Santi ... 286
6. AMPLIFICATIONS OF TERMINAL ENDS OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS
GENOME BY RAPID AMPLIFICATION OF CDNA ENDS (RACE) Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi, Nyoman Mantik Astawa, and
Yasunobu Matsumoto ... 292
7. THE ROLE OF p16INK4a IN CELLULAR SENESCENCE
I Gusti Ayu Dewi Ratnayanti, I Gusti Ngurah Mayun, Sri Wiryawan,
Ika Wahyuniari, Ni Made Linawati, I Wayan Sugiritama, Arijana ... 297
8. ROLE OF TLR2 ON MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION
I Nyoman Wande, I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa, and Jusak Nugraha 302
9. SAPONINS APPLICATION AS ANTICHOLESTEROL
Bogoriani, N.W. ... 308
10. THE STUDY OF BCL-2 EXPRESSION OF RED FRUIT OIL ETHANOL EXTRACT
ON BREAST CANCER CELL LINE T47D
Agung Wiwiek Indrayani, Ida Ayu Ika Wahyuniari, I Wayan Sugiritama,
and I Gusti Ayu Artini ... 320
11. THE ROLE OF INTERLEUKIN 22 IN LUNG TUBERCULOSIS AND ITS
MOLECULAR ASPECTS
Ni Made Linawati, Dewa Made Sukrama, Made Mertaniasih,
and Mantik Astawa ... 324
12. HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV) GENOTYPING FROM PARAFFIN BLOCK
ARCHIVE OF PATIENT WITH CIN DIAGNOSE THAT STORED AT PATHOLOGY ANATOMY DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF MEDICINE UDAYANA UNIVERSITY/ SANGLAH HOSPITAL BALI
Dwija, IBN.Putra and I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra Dewi ... 327 13. THE EFFECT OF AMARGO WOOD (Quassia amara Linn.) INFUSE ON THE MICE
(Mus musculus L.) TESTICAL WEIGHT AND ITS RECOVERY
Ni Gusti Ayu Manik Ermayanti ... 332
14. MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF HBV PRE-S/S REGION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS
ISOLATED FROM MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN SURAKARTA Hudiyono, Angga Dwi Prasetyo, A ono Agung Prasetyo, Yulia Sari,
and Paramasari Dirgahayu ... 333 15. IDENTIFICATION OFVibrio cholerasctxAGENE BY PCR METHODE
FROM SEA WATER AROUND BALI ISLAND
Komang Januartha Putra Pinatih, Made Agus Hendrayana ... 334
16. TREATMENT OF TOPICAL ASTAXANTHIN GIVE A PROTECTIVE EFFECT
ON COLLAGEN IN PREMATURE SKIN AGING INDUCED BY UV B IRRADIATION IN MICE (Mus musculus)
Komang Ardi Wahyuningsih, AAGP Wiraguna, Wimpie Pangkahila ... 335
17. CIGARETTE SMOKE EXPOSURE DECREASE SPERM QUALITY OF MALE MICE
(Mus MusculusL.)
18. EPIGENETIC APPROACH AS POTENTIAL ANTI-AGING THERAPY OF ANDROPAUSE IN THE FUTURE
IGN Sri Wiryawan, Ni Made Linawati, I Wayan Sugiritama, IA Ika Wahyuniari,
IGA Dewi Ratnayanti, and IGK Nyoman Arijana ... 337
19. ANTIOXIDATIVE AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF BALINESE
PURPLE SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatasL.) IN DIABETIC RATS
I Wayan Sumardika, I Made Jawi, Agung Nova Mahendra, and Made Linawati ... 338
20. DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC PCR-RAPD METHOD FOR DETECTION
OFLactobacillus sp F2
K.A. Nocianitri, Y. Ramona, and I N Sujaya ... 339
21. MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF HBV PRECORE/CORE REGION OF HEPATITIS B
VIRUS ISOLATED FROM MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN SURAKARTA Yulia Sari, Hudiyono, Ibnu Yudistiro, A ono Agung Prasetyo, and Paramasari
Dirgahayu ... 340
22. FUNGAL INFECTION IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PATIENTS
IN MOEWARDI GENERAL HOSPITAL SURAKARTA
Ruben Dharmawan, Murkati, and A ono Agung Prasetyo... 341
23. ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN VARIOUS TISSUE ON RAT
UNDER HYPERGLYCEMIA CONDITION
I Nyoman Suarsana, Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto, Tutik Wresdiyati,
and Maria Bintang ... 342 24. ADMINISTRATION OF ORAL ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID INHIBITS THE
REDUCTION OF SKIN DERMAL COLLAGEN EXPRESSION INDUCED BY UVB IRRADIATION IN BALB/C MICE
Made Sudarjana, AAGP Wiraguna, Alex J Pangkahila, M. Swastika Adiguna ... 343 25. DUPLEX PCR IS RAPID METHOD FOR DETECTION
Legionella pneumophila andLegionella sp ON ENVIRONMENTAL WATER IN HOTELS AT BADUNG REGENCY - BALI
Ni Made Adi Tarini, I Made Agus Hendrayana, Agus Eka Darwinata ... 344
26. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION LYTIC PHAGE OF Salmonellasp. FR38.
Sri Budiarti, Iman Rusmana, Riri Sunarti, and Sang Ayu Putu Listya ... 345
27. COINFECTION OFToxoplasma gondiiAMONG HIV/HCV INFECTED
AND UNINFECTED PEOPLE IN CORRECTIONAL FACILITY INDONESIA
Paramasari Dirgahayu, A ono Agung Prasetyo, Yulisari, Faqihudin Ahmad ... 346 28. THE EXTRACTS OF CACAO BEANS (Theobroma cacaoL.) INCREASE BLOOD SOD
CONCENTRATION IN OXIDATIVE STRESS WHITE RAT ( )
Ida Ayu Ika Wahyuniari, and Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryanthini ... 347
29. APOPTIN EXPRESSION PLASMID FOR EXPRESSION OF APOPTIN
IN MAMMALIAN CELLS
Suyatmi, Sri Wulandari, and A ono Agung Prasetyo ... 348
30. MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
PATIENTS BLOOD IN MOEWARDI GENERAL HOSPITAL SURAKARTA
Marwoto, Leli Saptawati, and A ono Agung Prasetyo ... 349
30. USE OF GLUCOSE DETERMINATION FORCandida albicans
GLUCANS EXAMINATION
Darukutni, Sri Haryati, Murkati1, Yulia Sari, Ruben Dharmawan, and A ono
POSTER PRESENTATION: AGRICULTURE
1. PRODUCTION OF CRUDE ENZYME CELLULASES FROM CASSAVA WASTE
BYTrichoderma viride
I Wayan Arnata, Dwi Setyaningsih, and Nur Richana ... 353
2. UREA-LIME MIXTURE AS A RUMEN SLOW-RELEASE UREA ON IN VITRO
RUMEN FERMENTATION AND MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
I G. L. O. Cakra, I B. Sudana, I G. Mahardika, and I B. G. Partama ... 357
3. PULSING TECHNIQUE WITH ADDITION OF SUCROSE AND
ANTIMICROBIAL TO MAINTAIN THE TEXTURE AND FRESHNESS OF CUT ROSES DURING STORAGE
Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja, I Made Nada, Ida Bagus Putu Gunadnya ... 361
4. THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT ENERGY - PROTEIN RATION FOR CARCASS
OF KAMPONG CHICKENS
Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina Dewi, I Gede Mahardika, I Ketut Sumadi, I Made Suasta, and I Made Wirapartha ... 366
5. COMPOSTING ACCELERATION OF KITCHEN WASTE USING
MICROBIAL INOCULANT
Ni Made Indri Hapsari Arihantana and Ni Luh Yulianti ... 371
6. DESIGN OF THE FLUIDIZED BED DRYER FOR CHILI SEED
Ni Luh Yulianti, Gede Arda, Putu Surya Wirawan, Made Anom S. Wijaya ... 375
7. THE IMPLEMENTETION OFSaccharomyces Spp.N-2CULTURE ISOLATED FROM
TRADITIONAL YEAST CULTURE FOR DECREASING ABNOMINAL FAT AND SERUM CHOLESTEROL CONTENTS OF BALI DUCKLING
I. G. N. G. Bidura, D. P. M. A. Candrawati, I. B. Gaga Partama, I. A. Putri Utami,
E. Puspany, D. A. Warmadewi, N.K. Mardewi, and I. G. A. Istri Aryani ... 380
8. THE EVALUATION OF CORTISONE AND PAPAYA (Carica papaya)
LEAF MEAL SUPPLEMENTATION ON DUCK PERFORMANCE
I Gusti Agung Arta Putra, Tjokorda Gede Belawa Yadnya, and Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi ... 387
9. FIRST REPORT ON OCCURRENCE OF GRAPEVINE LEAF ROLL-ASSOCIATED
VIRUS TYPE 3 ON GRAPEVINE IN INDONESIA
I Gede Rai Maya Temaja, I Putu Sudiarta, and Dewa Nyoman Nyana... 392
10. POTENTIAL OF PLANT EXTRACTS AS GROWTH REGULATORS:
THE INFLUENCE OF PLANT EXTRACT TO GROWTH OF CUTTING OF POTA TO SEEDING
Fachirah Ulfa, Enny Lisan Sengin, Baharuddin, and Syatrianti Andi Syaiful ... 393
11. DETECTION OF POTATO LEAF ROLL VIRUS (PLRV), POTATO VIRUS Y (PVY)
AND POTATO VIRUS X (PVX) ON FIVE POTATO VARIETIES BY USING OF DAS-ELISA AND RT-PCR METHODS
Tutik Kuswinanti, Baharuddin, Gusmiati and Masira S. ... 394
12. THE EFFECT OF WASTE FROM PURPLE SWEET POTATO SYRUP PRODUCTION
ON THE PERFORMANCE, LIPID BLOOD CONTENT, AND TOTAL BACTERIA OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF KAMPONG CHICKENS
Sutarpa, I N.S., Y. Ramona, I N.S. Miwada, I M. Suasta, M. Dewantari,
13. SCREENING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROBIAL ANTAGONISTS
FROM RHIZOSPHERE OF PASSION FRUITS (PASSIFLORA SPP)
AS BIOCONTROL AGENTS OF FUSARIUM WILT
Hilda Karim, Kuswinanti Tutik, Ade Rosmana and Burhanuddin Rasyid ... 396
14. THE PARASITISM LEVEL OF PARASITOID LARVAEDiadegma semiclausum
Hellen (HYMENOPTERA:ICHNEUMONIDAE) ONPlutella xylostella
(LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE) IN CANDIKUNING VILLAGE, TABANAN REGENCY, BALI, INDONESIA
Ketut Ayu Yuliadhi and Trisna Agung Phabiola ... 397 15. MONITORING OF IMAGO OFSpodoptera lituraANDHelicoverpa armigera
USING SEX PHEROMONE TRAP
Gusti Ngurah Gede Dharma Putra, Ketut Sumiartha, I Putu Dharma R. Srinivasan and I Putu Sudiarta ... 398
16. THE MISTING PERIOD APPLICATION ON POSTHARVEST QUALITY
OF OYSTER MUSHROOMS (Pleurotus ostreatus) iN LOW LAND CULTIVATION I Made Sukewijaya, Ni Nyoman Ari Mayadewi, Gede Menaka Adnyana,
and Ni Made Wiwik Yuliartini ... 399
17. THE VARIETY TRIAL OF RESISTANT CHILI PEPPERS TO ANTHRACNOSE
I Dewa Made Putra Wiratama, Ketut Sumiartha, Made Sukewijaya,
Made Supartha Utama, Joko Mariyono, Greg Luther and I Putu Sudiarta ... 400
18. CONFIRMATION CVPD INFECTION TOWARD ORANGE PLANTS VARIETIES
WITH PCR TECHNIQUE AND TOTAL PROTEIN PROFILE
Made Sritamin ... 401
19. SOIL IMPROVEMENT EFFECTS OF FOUR GREEN MANURE CROPS
IN GREENHOUSE CULTIVATION
Yu Jin Jung , Kyung Hee Han, Hee Wan Kang, Ill Sup Nou, and Kwon Kyoo Kang .. 402
20. EFFECT OF GREEN MANURE CROP EXTRACTS
ON POTATO COMMON SCAB (Streptomyces scabiei)
Jong In Park, Hee Jeong Jung, Hee Wan Kang, Kwon Kyoo Kang, and Ill Sup Nou .. 403 21. THE INFLUENCE OF CURING TIME AND EXTRACTION TIMES ON THE YIELD
AND CHARACTERISTICS ESSENTIAL OIL OF SANDALWOOD FRANGIPANI FLOWERS (Plumeria alba)
I Made Adi Parimartha, Ni Made Wartini, I Wayan Arnata ... 404
22. MEDIA COMPOSITION IMPROVED THE GROWTH OF NEW LEAVES
IN ANTHURIUM PLANTS
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE PRODUCTION OF BIOETHANOL
USINGCodium geppiorumAS THE CARBON SOURCE AND NUSA PENIDA
LIMESTONE AS THE ADSORBENT
I Wayan Karta1, Ni Made Puspawati2, Wiwik Susanah Rita2, NGAM Dwi Adhi Suastuti2, and Yenni Ciawi3*
1Department of Chemistry, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Singaraja Bali, Indonesia 2Department of Chemistry, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Inodnesia
3Engineering Faculty, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: yenniciawi@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
The aims of this research are to investigate (1) the effect of inoculum concentration and length of fermentation on the concentration of ethanol produced by consortium of yeast usingCodium geppiorum as the carbon source and (2) the effect of burning temperature and mass of limestone used as adsorbent on the concentration of ethanol produced. This research was a true experimental with completely randomized design 3 x 4 factorial using 2 variablesi.e. amount of inoculum and length of fermentation. The ethanol concentration obtained was measured using Gas Chromatography techniques and data was analysed using two ways Anava software SPSS 17.0. The results showed that Fcount> Ftable(38.212 > 2.51) with the probability of 0.000 indicating that there was interaction between yeast concentration and length of fermentation. The optimum result for the fermentation process was found by applying 20% inoculum on 25 g of algae for 7 days fermentation which gave an average of 3.03% ethanol.. It was also found that Fcount >
Ftable(3.082 > 2.51) with probability of 0.022 for the process of ethanol dehydration suggesting that there was interaction between
temperature of activation and mass of limestone used in ethanol dehydration process. The optimum result was obtained by using 50 g of limestone activated at 800oC producing ethanol with the concentration of 99.15%. Therefore, it can increase the concentration
of bioethanol from 28.92% to 83.78%. In conclusion, variations in the concentration of yeast and length of fermentation using
Codium geppiorum signi cantly in uence the levels of ethanol produced, and variations of activation temperature and mass of limestone used as adsorbent signi cantly affect the increase of the ethanol concentration.
Keywords: bioethanol,Codium geppiorum, dehydration, limestone, yeast
INTRODUCTION
Fuel grade bioethanol has ethanol content of more than 99.5%. It can be used as alternative energy because of its high oxygen content, higher octane number than gasoline, biodegradable, and renewable. High oxygen content will improve combustion ef ciency and reduce pollution caused by vehicle exhaust such as hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and particulate, or greenhouse gases. Higher octane number will reduce the occurrence of knocking and can replace the function of additives in petrol (methyl tertiary butyl ether/MTBE or tetra ethyl lead). In addition, ethanol also has higher ame rate and higher steam calor than gasoline. This will give a higher compression ratio and shorter burn time (Balat et al., 2007).
Until present, many types of raw material have been utilized to produce fuel grade bioethanol, e.g. cane sugar, sorghum, palm sap, sweet potato. These raw materials are foodcrop and require large terrestrial plantation area. Therefore, alternatives for other raw materials is urgently needed. Seeweeds is one of that which has many advantages e.g. it can grow extensively, less land-competition with agricultural crop, absorbing CO2, as well as renewable energy sources (Nahak et al., 2011). This research used Codium geppiorum,which can be found in the Nusa Lembongan, with a carbohydrate content of 69.10% (Puspaningrat et al., 2011).
Fermentation yields affected by the type and amount of inoculum, sugar concentration and enzyme concentration, duration of fermentation, acidity (pH), temperature, air (oxygen), and other nutrients. The number of microbes will affect the concentration of enzymes in the fermentation which in turn will affect ethanol production. Optimum length of fermentation is important to ensure ef cient ethanol production (Kusuma, 2010; Jumari et al., 2009; Bamforth, 2005).
Fermentation usually produced less than 15% ethanol as the producers can not tolerate high ethanol concentration. Therefore, further step is needed to increase the ethanol concentration. Distillation usually produces ethanol less than 95% due to the azeotropic properties. Further puri cation is usually done by dehydration to separate the mixture of ethanol-water by eliminating the water. This can be done by adsorption or absorption.
This study employ Nusa Penida’s limestone which were activated to dehydrate ethanol to produce higher concentration of bioethanol. The chemical composition of the limestone is 87.35% CaO, 1.12% Al2O3. 10:34% SiO2. 0.85% Fe2O3. 0.07% TiO2 and 0.20% BaO (Arimbawa, 2010). Nusa Penida limestone contains high content of aluminum silicate which cause higher mineral structure density in the rock (Kusumoyudo, 1986).
This study aimed to determine (1) the in uence of inoculum concentration and length fermentation on ethanol production by the consortium using Codium geppiorum as the carbon source, and (2) the in uence of activation temperature and amount of the limestone on the concentration of ethanol in the dehydration process.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Codium geppiorum used in this research was collected from Nusa Lembongan, limestone was collected from Nusa Penida, yeast NKL was bought from local market, sulphuric acid, distilled water, sodium hydroxide, and ethanol (92.51%, 99.8% and 30%) are pro analysis grade. Instruments used in this study was a gas cromatographVarian 3300.
The method of this research was a true experimental with completely randomised design 3 x 4 factorial with two variables. The data analysis was assisted with SPSS 17.0 software.
Pretreatment of Codium geppiorum
Fresh seeweeds were collected from the coastal área of Nusa Lembongan and sun-dried. It was then soaked in water for 24 hours, dried, and ground it into powder.
Hydrolysis
Each sample (25 g) was put into erlenmeyer and 3.5% sulphuric acid was added with a ratio 1:8 (sample to acisd). Then, the sample was heated at a temperature of 110oC and stirred at scale 8 for 1 hour. After cooling, pH was adjustedd to 4-5 by adding 4 M NaOH. The completion of hydrolysis recation was tested with Benedict’s reagent.
Activation of yeast (starter preparation)
Yeast consortium was inoculated with 25 mL of 1% glucose solution in a 50 mL erlenmeyer and sealed. It was then incubated at 300C for 24 hours.
Fermentation
Fractional Distillation
Bioethanol in the fermentation broth was separated by fractional distillation at 700C-900C. Distillate was collected in Erlenmeyer, the volume was measured and ethanol concentration were determined using gas chromatography. The samples with highest level of etanol was then dehydrated using Nusa Penida limestone.
Activation of Nusa Penida limestone
Prior to use as adsorbent aaaa9dring agent), limestone of Nusa Penida was activated with variation of temperatures. 5 kg of crushed limestone was heated at a temperature of 1000C, 8000C, 9000C, and 1000 0C respectively for 2 hours in a furnace Nabertherm.
Testing of Optimum Dehydration
100 mL of 92.51% ethanol was dehydrated by adding activated limestone as dehydrating agent with variation of mass (50g, 75g, 100g) to obtain the optimum amount of limestone used which give highest concentartion of ethanol. The mixtures were soaked for 24 hours. The resulting solutions were distilled at 70 0C-80 0C for 1 hour. The volume of destilate was measured and the ethanol concentration were determined by gas chromatography. It was done in triplicates. The best dehydration condition (temperature activation and mass of limestone) will be applied to dehydrate (purify) crude bioethanol.
Determination of ethanol concentration by gas chromatography
The concentration of etannol was determined using Gas Chromatograph Varian 3300. Etanol 30 % was used as standard to determine concentration of bioethanol produce during fermentation while etanol 99.8 % was used as standard to determine the biethanol concentration after dehydrating with activated limestone.. The ethanol content of each sample was calculated by the following equation.
x Standard concentration (%)
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
[image:14.595.82.545.574.748.2]The level of bioethanol produced from Codium geppiorum by varying concentration of inoculum and length of fermentation is depicted in gure 1. While the statistical analysis with SPSS is summarized in Table1.
Table 1. Anova Test Results on Two Line SPSS 17.0 Levels of Ethanol produced by Codium geppiorum with different concentration yeast and length of fermentation.
Variables Sum of
square
Degree of freedom
Average of sum of
square
F
count Ftable5% Sig.
Treatment 138.750a 11 12.614 119.876 2.22 0.000
Intercept 202.393 1 202.493 1924.431 4.26 0.000
Inocula concentration 96.120 3 32.040 304.498 3.01 0.000
Length of fermentation 28.866 2 14.433 137.166 3.40 0.000
Interaction of inocula concentration and length of fermentation
13.764 6 2.294 21.802 2.51 0.000
Error 2.525 24 0.105
Total 343.768 36
Figure 1. The average levels of Ethanol Production usingCodium geppiorum as the carbon sourse at varied Yeast concentration and Fermentation Time
Table 2. The Results of Two Line SPSS 17.0 Anava Test on Concentration of Ethanol after Dehydration at varied activation Temperature and amount of Nusa Penida Limestone
Variables Sum of square Degree of freedom
Average of sum
of square Fcount
Ftable
5% Sig.
Treatment 412.673a 11 37.516 4.203 2.22 0.002
Intercept 311129.684 1 311129.684 34853.320 4.26 0.000
Activation temperature 115.145 3 38.382 4.300 3.01 0.015
Amount of limestone 132.446 2 66.223 7.418 3.40 0.003
Interaction of temperature and amount of limestone
165.082 6 27.514 3.082 2.51 0.022
Error 214.244 24 8.927
Total 311756.601 36
Total treatment 626.917 35
The results of fermentation showed that the values of Fcount> Ftable (38.212> 2.51) with a probability of 0.000, which means that there is a probability of interaction between yeast concentration and the lenght of fermentation. The optimum result of average ethanol content 3.03% was obtained at W3D3, when 20% inocula was applied for 7 days fermentation on 25 grams of algae samples (Figure 1.)
Longer fermentation time produces more biomass which in turn produce more alcohol. It was also found that higher amount of yeast added to convert sugar into alcohol resulted in higher concentration of alcohol production.
The monosaccharide concentration resulted from hydrolysis of polysaccharide in the algae depends upon the amount of samples used, the concentration of sulphuric acid, length of contact with acid, and agitation (Razif, 2011). The sample will tend to produce a lot of high sugar substrate, this will have an impact on the increase in the concentration of sugar will result in a higher ethanol productivity. This is due to the increasing number of substrates available for yeast to produce more ethanol. However, excess sugar can affect the production of ethanol due to mechanism called substrate inhibition (Roukas, 1996).
[image:15.595.57.518.405.560.2]The results of dehydration of ethanol (Table 2.) shows that Fcount> Ftable (3.082> 2.51) with a probability of 0.022 which means that there is interaction between activation temperature and amount of limestone. The optimum results was achieved by M1T1 (50 grams limestone and activated at 8000C) with an average ethanol content of 99.15%. The ethanol content in the fermentation broth (28.91%) has been increased to 83.78% by dehydration with the activated limestone.
Figure 2. Ethanol Concentration after Dehydration Process at varied mass and activated temperature of Nusa Penida Limestone
The un-activated limestone decreased the levels of the ethanol (lower than 92.51% ethanol in the feeds). This is may be due to the absorption of ethanol in addition to the absorption of water. At 8000C, higher amount of limestone did not produced higher concentration of ethanol. This is may be due to less ethanol was absorbed by 50 grams limestone than the other amount (75 grams and 100 grams). It was also showed that the lowest concentration of ethanol produced by using 100 grams of limestone which may be due to that much of the ethanol was trapped in limestone structures (Killic, 2006).
It can be concluded that (1) the addition of yeast and length of fermentation signi cantly affect the concentration of ethanol produced using Codium geppiorum as the carbon source, and (2) activation temperature and amount of Nusa Penida limestone has a signi cant effect on the ethanol content.
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