vii
Statement of Authorization ... iv
Acknowledgements ... v
2.1.1 The Objectives of Discovery Learning ... 11
2.1.2 The Teacher Roles in the Discovery Learning ... 12
2.1.3 Discovery Learning Implementation in the Classroom... 15
2.1.3.1 Attributes of Discovery Learning ... 15
2.1.3.2 Preparation Stage of Discovery Learning Implementation 16 2.1.3.3 The Implementation Procedure of Discovery Learning 18 2.1.4 The Benefits and Shortage of Discovery Learning ... 23
2 .2. Text Types ... 24
2 .3. Descriptive Text... 28
2.3.2 Structure of Formal Description ... 29
2.3.3 Grammatical Feature of Descriptive Text ... 31
2 .4. Speaking Skills and Teaching Spoken Production ... 32
2.4.1 The Definition of Speaking Skills ... 32
2.4.2 Speaking Goals ... 33
2.4.3 Factors Supporting Speaking Activities ... 33
2.4.4 Factors Inhibiting Speaking Activity ... 34
2.4.5 Teaching Spoken Production of Descriptive Texts through Discovery Learning ... 35
2 .5. Students’ attitude towards English Language Teaching ... 37
2 .6. Related Previous Studies ... 39
3.5.1 Instrumentations ... 49
3.5.1.1Observations checklist ... 49
3.5.1.2Interview guideline ... 50
3.5.1.3Questionnaire ... 51
3.7.1 Analysis of the Classroom Observation Data ... 56
3.7.2 Analysis of the Interview Data ... 56
ix Rezki Firdaus, 2016
CHAPTER IV STUDY RESULTS ... 58
4.1 The Steps of Teaching Descriptive Text through Discovery Learning 58 4.1.1 Stimulation (stimulate/giving stimulus) ... 59
4.1.2 Problem Statement ... 60
4.1.3 Data Collection ... 62
4.1.4 Data Processing ... 63
4.1.5 Verification... 64
4.1.6 Generalization ... 66
4.2 Data Discussion from Classroom Observation ... 67
4.2.1 Preliminary-Activities ... 67
4.2.2 Core-Activities ... 70
4.2.3 Post-Activities ... 73
4.3 Data Discussion from Teacher Interviews ... 74
4.4 Data Discussion from Students Questionnaire ... 82
4.4.1 Behavioral Components of Students’ Attitude... 85
4.4.2 Cognitive Components of Students’ Attitude ... 89
4.4.3 Affective Components of Students’ Attitude ... 92
4.4.4 Overall Computation Components of the Students’ Attitude ... 95
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ... 98
5.1 Conclusion ... 98
5.2 Recommendation ... 101
5.3 Limitation of the Study ... 101
Bibliography ... 103
LIST OF TABLES
Table Pages
2.1 Kinds of Grammatical Feature of Descriptive Text ... 31
3.1 Categories of Questionnaire ... 55
4.1 The summary of observation result (the components of stimulation) .. 59
4.2 The summary of observation result (the components of problem statement) ... 60
4.3 The summary of observation result (the components of data collection)... 62
4.4 The summary of observation result (the components of data processing) ... 63
4.5 The summary of observation result (the components of verification) .. 64
4.6 The summary of observation result (the components of generalization) 66 4.7 Summary of Various Activities in the Preliminary-Activities ... 68
4.8 Summary of Various Activities in the Main-Activities ... 71
4.9 Summary of Various Activities in Post-Activities ... 73
4.10 The Result of the Five-Point Score of a Likert Scale Questionnaire Analysis ... 83
4.11 The Result of Behavioral Components Analysis ... 86
4.12 The Calculation Score of Behavioral Components ... 86
4.13 The Result of Cognitive Components Analysis ... 89
4.14 The Calculation Score of Cognitive Components ... 90
4.15 The Result of Affective Components Analysis ... 93
4.16 The Calculation Score of Affective Components ... 93
xi Rezki Firdaus, 2016
LIST OF CHARTS
Chart Pages
