vi
KARAKTERISASI SIMPLISIA DAN SKRINING FITOKIMIA SERTA UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL RUMPUT LAUT
Turbinaria decurrens BORY TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus
ABSTRAK
Algae coklat merupakan sumber produksi alginat yang cukup potensial, salah satu jenisnya adalah Turbinaria decurrens Bory yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan dan terdapat diperairan pantai Indonesia, khususnya di pantai
Lampu’uk, kecamatan Lhok Nga, kabupaten Aceh Besar, di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan karakterisasi simplisia rumput laut Turbinaria decurrens Bory serta melakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol Turbinaria decurrens Bory terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Uji anti bakteri dengan metode difusi agar.
Hasil pemeriksaan organoleptis simplisia adalah berwarna coklat kehitaman, tidak berasa dan tidak berbau. Hasil mikroskopik serbuk simplisia terlihat adanya sel-sel parenkim yang berisi pigmen berwarna coklat dan terdapat sel propagule yang memiliki dua sel. kadar air 9,98%, kadar sari larut air 12,91%, kadar sari larut etanol 2,09%, kadar abu total 14,96%, kadar abu tidak larut asam 0,74%. Hasil skrining fitokimia simplisia mengandung senyawa golongan glikosida, saponin, tanin dan triterpenoid/ steroid.
Hasil uji antibakteri dari Turbinaria decurrens Bory ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol rumput laut Turbinaria decurrens Bory mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri dengan konsentrasi 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 150 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, 300 mg/ml. Daya hambat yang paling baik terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 100 mg/ml dengan diameter 14,83 mm, 150 mg/ml dengan diameter 15,23 mm dan sedangkan pada bakteri Escherichia coli daya hambat yang paling baik pada konsentrasi 150 mg/ml dengan diameter 14,00 mm.
Kata kunci : Turbinaria decurrens Bory, karakterisasi, skrining fitokimia, Aktivitas antibakteri
vii
CHARACTERIZATION AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SIMPLICIA AND ANTIBACTERIAL TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT
OF SEAWEED Turbinaria decurrens BORY AGAINS THE BACTERIA Escherichia coli AND Staphylococcus aureus.
ABSTRACT
Brown algae is a source of alginate production potential, one of the species is Turbinaria decurrens Bory which had not been used widely and available in the coastal region of Indonesia, especially in on the beach Lampu'uk, subdistrict of Lhok Nga, Aceh Besar district, in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. The purpose of this study was to characterize simplicia Turbinaria decurrens Bory seaweed as well as to test the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract Turbinaria decurrens Bory against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This antibacterial with agar diffusion method.
The result of simplex organoleptic identification is brownish black, tasteless and odourless. The microscopic result of simplex powder is seen by presence of parenchymal cells which contain brown pigmen and propagule cells which have two cells. The simplex contain the water content 9.98 %, water soluble exctract content 12.91 %, ethanol solubleextract content 2.09 %, total ash content 14.96 %, acid insoluble extract content 0.74 %. The result of phytochemical screening of simplex contain glycoside, saponin, tannin and triterpenoid/steroid.
The result of antibacterial test of Turbinaria decurrens Bory showed that it has an antibacterial activity with concentrations 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml,150 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, 300 mg/ml. Affective inhibitory againt Staphylococcus aureus growth 100 mg/ml with a diameter of inhibition zone about 14.83 mm, 150 mg/ml with a diameter of inhibition zone 15.23 mm, 200 mg/ml with a diameter of inhibition zone 16.03 mm, 250 mg/ml with a diameter of inhibition zone 16.86 mm, and while the bacteria Escherichia coli, effective inhibitory concentration of 150 mg/ml with a diameter of inhibition zone 14.00 mm.
Keywords: Turbinaria decurens Bory, characterization, phytochemical screening, Atibacterial activity
