AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS IN “NOW IS OUR TIME”
A THESIS
BY
AYU IMELDA FB REG. NO. 100705045
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS IN “NOW IS OUR TIME”
A THESIS
BY
AYU IMELDA FB REG. NO. 100705045
SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR
Drs. Umar Mono, Dip.Trans, M.Hum
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph. D NIP. 19600122 198601 1 001 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from English Department.
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head, Secretary,
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the English Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara.
The examination is held in the Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on Tuesday, April 22, 2014
The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA NIP.19511013 197603 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS ………..
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M. A. Ph. D ………..
Prof. Hj. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A, Ph.D ………..
Drs. Umar Mono, Dip. Trans, M. Hum ………..
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, AYU IMELDA FB DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS
THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS
THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE
OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I
HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER
PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS
THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER
DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed :
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAMA : AYU IMELDA FB
TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
ACTS IN “NOW IS OUR TIME”
QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVALIABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF
THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed :
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
First of all, I would like to give all majesty and praise to the Almighty Jesus
Christ who always gives me strength, patients, blessing and guidance in finishing this
thesis.
I also would like to thank to my supervisor and my co-supervisor, Drs. Umar
Mono, Dip. Trans, M. Hum and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M. A. Ph. D for their
guidance, support, advice and constructive comments in writing of this thesis.
I am also grateful to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of
Sumatera Utara, Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A, the Head and the Secretary of English
Department, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S and Rahmadsyah Rangkut i, M. A. Ph. D
and all of the lecturers and the staffs of English Literature Department for the
facilities and opportunities that were given to me during my study in this university.
I express my special thanks to my beloved parents, Uly Artha Sinambela and
German Pangaribuan, my sisters, Artha Anggun Priscilla Pangaribuan and Anggi
Ratu Bule Madani Pangaribuan, and my brother, Amos Arjuna Pangaribuan who
always support me and never stop praying for me. They are my motivations in
writing this thesis and I want to say thanks for their love, attention, and financial
support.
I also would like to thank my friends, Ivo Novita Sari Silalahi who always
supports me and give me some useful advice, my beautiful and handsome friends,
Devi Fiviliana, Stephanie Joice, Rasingan Purba and Martin Marbun for the beautiful
experiences and happiness that we share together. I would like to say thanks to all
my friends in English Department too, especially class year 2010, whose names
cannot be mentioned one by one, thanks for having great times together in finishing
this thesis and for their support. I hope we can always be great friends forever and
I would like to say thanks to all people who were participated in completing
this thesis too. I would like to say a great thanks for their help to them who can not I
mention one by one. Finally, I hope this thesis will be useful for the readers.
May God bless us. Amin
Medan, April 2014
The writer,
Ayu Imelda FB
Reg. No 100705045
ABSTRAK
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled “An Analysis of Direct and Indirect Speech Acts in ‘Now is Our Time” is a linguistic analysis that discusses about direct and indirect speech acts in interview transcript entitled ‘Now is Our Time.’ The interview transcript is a result of an interview of Sheryl Sandberg, Facebook’s COO (Chief Operating Officer) with one of famous magazines, Harvard Business Review (HBR) magazine. The interview transcript was edited by Adi Ignatius dan was published on April 2013. In analyzing the interview transcript, there are used some theories namely theory of Yule (1996), Stewart dan Vaillette (2001) and Akmajian (2001). The methods that are used in writing this thesis are library research and descriptive qualitative method. The data that are analyzed in this thesis are Sheryl Sandberg’s utterances. The purpose of this analysis is to find out the sentence type, function and type of speech acts whether it is direct speech act or indirect speech act in the interview transcript entitled ‘Now is Our Time.’ From the analysis, it is found that both direct speech acts and indirect speech acts are used in the interview transcript. The most dominant type of speech act that is used in the interview transcript is direct speech act (103
utterances) and then followed by indirect speech act (16 utterances). The direct
TABLE OF CONTENT
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ……… i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ………...……. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ………...… iii
ABSTRACT ………...…. v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ……….… vii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 An Overview of Pragmatics ……….... 7
2.2 Speech Acts ………. 9
2.2.1 Types of Speech Acts ………. 12
2.2.1.1 Direct Speech Act ……….... 13
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
3.1 Method of the Study ……….. 18
3.2 Data and Data Source ………..…….. 18
3.2 Data Collecting Method ……….……... 18
3.3 Techniques of Data Analysis ……….……... 19
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDING 4.1 Analysis of Direct Speech Acts ……...………...….… 20
4.1.1 Direct Speech Acts in Declarative Sentence Type as an Assertion …….….……….… 20
4.1.2 Direct Speech Acts in Imperative Sentence Type as a Request …….……….…….………….… 30
4.2 Analysis of Indirect Speech Acts …..……….. 31
4.2.1 Indirect Speech Acts in Declarative Sentence Type
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion ……….... 43
5.2 Suggestion ………. 44
REFERENCES ………. 45
