JAVAMSE, SPEECH LEVEL.S tN TERMS OF VORD
CHOICE.S
AS DISPI.AYED BYPRIYAYI AND
NON-PRTYAYI IN INFORMAL SITUATIONS IN
YOGYAKARTA
ATHESIS
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ERITA FEIilANA
uunr5105
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK \NDYA MANDALA SURABAYA
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
IURUSAI\I PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SE,NI
PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAI{ BAHASA INGGRIS
APPROVALSHEET
( l )
This thesis entitled Javanese Speech Levels In Terms Of Word Choices As
Displayed By Priyayi And Non-Priyayi in h{ormal Sitaations fn Yogtakafta,
prepared and submitted by Erika Febriana has been approved and accepted as partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English
Language
Teaching
by following advisors:
/)
APPROVALSHEET
( 2 ' , )
This thesis has been examined
bv the Committee
on Oral Examination
with a srade
of... ... .on Oft
Aprit ZOo+
t n
' I I I / l . /
-zf-
->'<-
|
---...'-
a)_Y..--Dr. A. Neadiman.
M.?d
Member
Head of the English
Department
i i
,al
'
/t.F
Drs. Antonius Gurito
Chairman
Drs. M. P. Soetrisno.
M.A
Member
ACKNiOWLEDGEMENT'
The writer wouici iike to thank to Aliah SWT for his biessing
so this thesis
entitled "Javanese
Speech
Levels ln Terms of Word Choices As Displayed by
Pnyayi and Non - Pnyayi in Intbrmal Situations
in Yogyakarta"
has done well as
a partlal tullillment of the requrrements
tbr the Sa4ana Pendidikan Degree rn
Enghsh
Language
Teachrng.
In thts occasron the writer also would like to express her great thanks to all
partres
below:
l. Dr. A. Ngadiman, M.Pd and Mateus Yumamamto, M.Hum., her
advrsors
who have spent
their time to guide her patrently.
7 .
Drs. Harto Pramono and Dra. Liiy Mitra, the writer's academic a<ivisors who nave guideci her ciuring her stuciy at Widya Mandaia Universitl'.
Dra. Ruruh Mindan, Drs. B. Hrmawan, M. Hum, Drs. M.P. Soetnsno and Dr. Abdul Wahab, Drs. V. Luluk Pnlambodo. M.Pd, who have gtven more intbrmatron, rdeas, supports and helped her dunng tirushrng her thesrs.
All the lecturers of Widya Mandaia Uruversrtv tbr gurdrng her rn garmng the process of this thesis.
My beloved father anci mother, for their prayer, support anci iove. Aiiah SWT bless both ofyou.
My lovely, dearest husband: Hnck, who ls aiways by my srde, tbr hts support, help and love. I'm so thankful I got you for mv soui mate.
My <iearest sisters and brother: Momop, who helped her in supporting, giving icieas to this thesis, Mbin, Minung and Mimi tor heiping in pnnting anci the frnanciai. Thanks so much.
The partrcrpants in Yogyakarta fbr therr trme and patlence. I'he rntbrmants tbr their intbrmation and ideas.
2 .
4 .
5 .
6 .
8 . 9 .
i0. The writer's besr iriencis: Mia, for her support, Natalia Sukewell, for the printer. Thank you for being my best friends.
l l. The wnter's tnencls oi"95: Meong, Well, hn, Novr, Gatot, lwan, Brma, Vtvl and Dess,v, tbr the sweetest days rn Wrdya Mandala.
i2. Aii iibrary stafl campus' aciministration staff and household staff, for their patiencc. kinciness anci Prar .
Frnally, my slncere thanks go to all other people who have not been mentloned here one by one. Wrthout therr help, thrs thesrs could have never come rnto thrs present tbrm.
Surabaya,
'I'ABLE
OF CONTENT
APPROVAL SHEBI I
APPROVAL
SHEET
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABS I RAC I
CHAPTER I
: INTRODUCTION ...l. I Background ofthe Studr' .. ... .
1.2 Statement of the Problems ... 1.3 Objective of the Stucir
1 . 4 S i g n i f i c a n c e o [ t h e S t u O y . . . .
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study ... 1.6 Theoretical Framework
i.6. 1 Language
Variation
1 . 6 . 2
L a n g u a g e
U s e . . . .
1 .7 Detlmtron
of the key l erms
. . . . .. . ...
.. .
1.8 Organrzationof
the Study
...
CHAP'IER II
2.1 Language
Vanation
2.2 Langnge
iise ...
...
2.3 Javanese
2.3 I I he History
of Javanese...
2 . 3 . 2 J a v a n e s e . . . . . . " " " " " " " 2 v 2 . 3 . i J a v a n e s e S p e e c h l e v e l . . . " " " 2 i 2.3.4 iavanese Priyayi andNon-Priyu"-i .'.." "" 24
2.4 fhe Prevtous Studles "" " 27
CilAPl'ER III
: RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY'.."..."
3.1 The Nature of the Study and lt's Destgn
3.2 The Subjects
of the StutiY
s.; The Research
lnstrurnents
3.4 "I'he
Proceciure
of Data Collecilon
3.5 The Procedure ol'Data Analysts 3 . 0 T r i a n s u i a t i o n . . . .
29
29
J U
J I
J I J Z
3 3
C F I A P T E R l V F I N D I N G S A N D D I S C U S S I O N S . . . ' . . . . ' . . . . . . . " " " ' 3 4 4 . i F i n d i n g s . . - . - . . . " " " " " " ' 3 4
4.2 DataAnaiysis ... """ 39
4 . 2 . 1 K r a m a l n g g l l S p e e c h L e v e l .. . . - . " ' " " " " 4 0 4 . 2 . 2 N g o k o S p e e c h l e v e l . . . " " " " ' 4 1 4.2.3 Krama Ma$ta Speech Levei ...'.... ...'..'. ". " "' 4 i 4.i The Rules ofUsage ofthe Javanese Speech Levei ""' 42
CHAPTERV
: CONCLUSIONSONSUCTGESTIONS
. ""' 55
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPEIIDIX I
CONVERSAI'ION
I
CONVERSATION
IT
CONVERSATION
III
COI.IVERSATION
IV
CONVERSATION
V
'table
ofParticrpants
Social
Status
and Soclal
l)tstant
Tabie of Worci
Choices
iavanese
Speech
Leveis
instrumen
Keterangan
Tentang
lnforman / Questionnaire
APPENDIX
U
APPENDIX iii
ABSTRACT
Febriana, Erika., (2004), Javanese Speech Levels In Terms of llord choices As Disptayed By Priyayi And Non-Priyayi In InJbrmal Situations in Yogtakana. Unpublished S I thesis. Engiish Department of widya Manciala University, Surabaya. Advisor (1): Dr. Agustinus Ngadiman, M'Pd'' Acivisor (2): Mateus Yumamamto, M. Hum.
Keywords: Javanese, Javanese Speech Leveis, Word Choices, Prryayr, Non-P r iyayi, lnibrmal Situation.
ln daily conversation, Javanese became use Javanese langlage when they
speak to one another peopie which come to Javanese to communicate to each
other. Javanese language condition itself ncwadays is very anxiously because the
changes of war. Many Javanese sometimes do not use the right speech level in choosing the words they utter. Javanese themselves are distinguished in two kinds of social groups, they are priyayi and rutn-priyayi. in sociai reiationship, both oi the social groups have their own way in selecting the appropriate levels of rvord choices. In this study, the rwiter rvants to observe the Javanese speech ieveis in terms of rvord choices as displayed by priyayi and non-priyuyi in Yogyakarta in informal situations.
There are trvo kincis oi problems which the rwiter rvants to answer: which rvord choices of.lavanese Speech Levels are used by priyayi and non-priyayi rn Yogyakarta in informal situations and what the underiying tactors influence the participants in uttering their worci choices of Javanese Speech Leveis. in answering those two questions, the writer made an observation, interview and questionnaire in or<ier that she coui<i get the data ior the study.
To collect the data, the writer asked her intbrmants about the details of Javanese Speech lrvels while she recorded the conversations herself wrthout being involving in the conversations. The writer took t0 subjects in recording the
data and answenng the questionnaire.
The writer found that the word choices of Javanese speech levels that are useci by prryayi and non-prtyayi are noun, verb, adverb, adjective and pronoun. 'l'he
underlying t=actors which inl'luence the participants are: (1). 'l'he degree of formaiity or social distance in the reiationship between the speaker and addressee; whether their relationship are close or distant, (2). The ditlbrence of social status ofthe addressee, they belong to priyayi or non-priyayi, (3). The difference age of the participants.
From the data the writer concludes that Javanese always select the word choices ofspeech leveis based on social distant, sociai status anci age between the participants. The ievei of formaiity or social distance in the reiationship determines the selection of word choices of Javanese Speech Levels. 'l'he socral status of the a<idressee determined of whether the addressee itself belongs to what group they were in: a group ot priyayi a group ol non-priynyl. Age can consider as one of the important factors in determining the word choices of Javanese Speech Leveis
