AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN UNDERSTANDING TENSES DURING
ONLINE LEARNING
A THESIS
Submitted to the Faculty Tarbiyah and Teacher Training The State Islamic University of North Sumatera as a Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for S-
1 Program
By:
MUNANDAR PULUNGAN Reg. No.: 0304172132
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY TARBIYAH AND TEACHER TRAINING STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATRA
MEDAN
2022
i ABSTRACT
Munandar Pulungan. Registration Number: 0304172132. An Analysis of Students’ Difficulties in Understanding Tenses during Online Learning. A Thesis, English Education Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training The State Islamic University Of North Sumatra.
The objectives of this thesis about the students’ difficulties in English subjects in understanding tenses during online learning system at MTs. Al-Jumhuriyah Batang Kuis. The main problem discussed in this thesis are what difficulties are experienced by class IX students in understanding tenses during online learning at MTs. Al-Jumhuriyah Batang Kuis. This study aims to assist students in overcoming difficulties in online learning. The type of research is a qualitative research method. The research was conducted in MTs. Al-Jumhuriyah Batang Kuis. Data collection techniques used were filling out a questionnaire on Google Forms and in-depth interviews, using research instruments, namely interview and documentation. The data analysis technique is descriptive qualitative, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The sources of data in this study there are 2 main respondents, they are teacher and students. The results of this study showed that the difficulties experienced by students were running out of quota and lack of understanding of the material given so that students were unable to do the assignments given by the teacher. Even though the teacher has provided a solution so that students can understand the material provided, such as being able to listen, see the Youtube video link given by the teacher in the WhatsApp group, read package books and if students run out of quota, students may come to school to ask about the lesson with the English teacher and take practice assignments.
Keywords: online learning, students’ difficulties, tenses
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, all praise be to Allah SWT, the Lord of the Worlds, who has given bless, health and strength to the researcher so he could complete this thesis properly. Peace and salutation be upon the Prophet Muhammad SAW, his family, his companion, and his faithful followers.
This thesis is presented to fulfillment of requirement for S-1 program at English Education Department, Faculty Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of North Sumatra. The process of finishing this thesis involved some contributing person therefore, I would like to say thank you for them, and they are:
1. My beloved parents, they are my father Mr. Muhammad Nur Pulungan and my mother Mrs. Masnun Batubara who have patiently given spiritual, moral, financial to support, their love and prayer. My beloved siblings Yusnaida Nur Pulungan, Zulhani Fajari Pulungan, Sahnida Fajari Pulungan, Parmohonan Pulungan, Munawar Andi Pulungan, Rasida Pulungan, and Marwan Rizky Pulungan. So, I can finish my S-1 degree.
2. Prof. Syahrin Harahap, MA., as the Rector of State Islamic University of North Sumatra.
3. Dr. Mardianto, M.Pd., as the Dean of faculty of Tarbiyah and Teachers Training, State Islamic University of North Sumatra.
4. Mr. Yani Lubis, S.Ag, M.Hum., as the Head of English Education Department.
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5. Mrs. Farida Repelitawaty Br. Kembaren., M.Hum., as my first advisor who has given advice and suggestion in completing this thesis.
6. Mrs. Siti Ismahani, M.Hum., as my second advisor who has given some suggestion and ideas for writing this thesis.
7. To all of the lecturers who have guided and imported variety knowledge during I studied at State Islamic University of North Sumatra especially English Education lecturers.
8. Principals, teachers, staffs and students of MTs. Al-Jumhuriyah Batang Kuis.
9. Thank you to all my teachers and my closest friends from Pesantren Musthafawiyah Purba Baru, Mitra M Saputra, Muhammad Amirul Amin, Ahmad Rinaldi, Rahmat Hidayat, Iqbal Ardiansyah, Holid Daulay, Islahuddin Tanjung, Rubino, Ridwan Ghajali, Abdurrahman Musaddad and others who always gave their support to me from the first semester until the end.
10. All of friends in TBI-2 2017, and my closest friends while studying at UIN-SU Saut Marito Siregar, Qori Puji Asih Nasution, Ajeng Aprilia Utami, Evi Sugiarti who called SEKELUARGA. Eka Haliah, Zuhrotunnisa Saragih, Leni Maharani, Anisa Widya Sari, Cahya Ega Ananda, Putri Rizky Dine and others who always gave support in every step of doing this thesis.
11. To Bundo’s group Ayu Wulandari, Tiarma Uli L.Gaol, and Desima Tambunan who always made me laugh.
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12. To all of friends in Duta Bahasa Sumatra Utara organization and Duta Bahasa Sumatra Utara 2020, especially to Rizky Harianti Lubis who has help and accompany me in doing this thesis.
13. To all my virtual friends, all members of KKN DR 118 UIN-SU 2020.
14. To all the people whose names are not mentioned who have been kind and provide assistance in completing the writing of this thesis.
15. And last to myself.
Medan, April 2022
MUNANDAR PULUNGAN Reg. No.: 0304172132
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ... i
ACKNOWLEDGMENT... ii
TABLES OF CONTENTS ... v
LIST OF TABLES ... viii
LIST OF APPENDIX ... ix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background of Study... 1
B. The Problem of Study ... 6
C. The Objective of Study ... 6
D. The Scope of Study ... 6
E. The Significance of Study ... 7
1. Theoretical Significances ... 7
2. Practical Significances ... 7
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ... 9
A. Theoretical Framework ... 9
1. Grammar ... 9
2. Simple Present Tense ... 11
3. Simple Past Tense ... 20
4. Analysis ... 26
5. Learning Difficulties ... 28
6. Online Learning ... 32
B. Previous Studies ... 34
vi
C. Conceptual Framework ... 38
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 39
A. Research Method ... 39
B. Place of the Research ... 40
C. Data Resource ... 40
D. Research Instrument ... 41
1. Observation ... 41
2. Interview ... 42
3. Questionnaire ... 42
4. Documentation ... 43
E. Data Collecting Technique ... 44
F. Plan for Validity and Reliability Testing of Data ... 44
G. Data Analysis ... 45
1. Data Reduction ... 45
2. Data Display ... 46
3. Drawing and Verifying Conclusion ... 46
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 47
A. General Findings ... 47
B. Specific Findings ... 48
C. Discussion ... 63
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 67
A. Conclusion... 67
B. Suggestion ... 68
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REFERENCES ... 70 APPENDICIES ... 74
viii
LIST OF TABLES
Table I The Example of Function of Simple Present Tense ... 12
Table II The Example of Irregular Verb ... 25
Table III Regular and Irregular Verb ... 25
Table IV The Result of Technical Difficulties ... 53
Table V The Result of Difficulties during Online Learning ... 56
Table V The Result of Students’ External Difficulties ... 60
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix I Questionnaire ... 74
Appendix II Interview with Students ... 77
Appendix III Interview with English Teacher ... 78
Appendix IV The Result of Questionnaire... 79
Appendix V Documentations ... 87
Appendix VI Curriculum Vitae ... 93
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